Earthquake Spectra

Article	Citations
Self-centering seismic-resistant structures: Historical overview and state-of-the-art	71
PEER NGA-East database	63
NGA-subduction global ground motion models with regional adjustment factors	58
EQSIM—A multidisciplinary framework for fault-to-structure earthquake simulations on exascale computers part I: Computational models and workflow	57
NGA-East Ground-Motion Characterization model part I: Summary of products and model development	50
ShakeMap operations, policies, and procedures	46
NGA-Subduction research program	43
An open-source site database of strong-motion stations in Japan: K-NET and KiK-net (v1.0.0)	41
A framework for operationalizing the assessment of post-earthquake functional recovery of buildings	36
An analytical framework to assess earthquake-induced downtime and model recovery of buildings	36
Application of discrete wavelet transform in seismic nonlinear analysis of soil–structure interaction problems	34
EQSIM—A multidisciplinary framework for fault-to-structure earthquake simulations on exascale computers, part II: Regional simulations of building response	31
Rapid earthquake loss assessment based on machine learning and representative sampling	30
CPT-based liquefaction case histories compiled from three earthquakes in Canterbury, New Zealand	29
How well can we predict earthquake site response so far? Site-specific approaches	27
Summary of the Abrahamson and Gulerce NGA-SUB ground-motion model for subduction earthquakes	26
Ground motion prediction equations for significant duration using the KiK-net database	26
The quest for resilience: The Chilean practice of seismic design for reinforced concrete buildings	26
Data-driven seismic response prediction of structural components	25
Analytical fragility relation for buried cast iron pipelines with lead-caulked joints based on machine learning algorithms	24
Response spectral matching of horizontal ground motion components to an orientation-independent spectrum (RotDnn)	24
Capturing epistemic uncertainty in site response	24
Testing machine learning models for seismic damage prediction at a regional scale using building-damage dataset compiled after the 2015 Gorkha Nepal earthquake	23
Toward functional recovery performance in the seismic design of modern tall buildings	23
The 2023 US 50-State National Seismic Hazard Model: Overview and implications	21

The US Geological Survey ground failure product: Near-real-time estimates of earthquake-triggered landslides and liquefaction	21
An exploration of the use of machine learning to predict lateral spreading	21
NGA-Sub source and path database	21
A database of seismic designs, nonlinear models, and seismic responses for steel moment-resisting frame buildings	20
Assessing post-disaster recovery using sentiment analysis: The case of L’Aquila, Italy	19
An H/V geostatistical approach for building pseudo-3D Vs models to account for spatial variability in ground response analyses Part I: Model development	19
The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground motion models in the western US	18
Exposure forecasting for seismic risk estimation: Application to Costa Rica	18
Simulation-based site amplification model for shallow bedrock sites in Korea	18
An H/V geostatistical approach for building pseudo-3D Vs models to account for spatial variability in ground response analyses Part II: Application to 1D analyses at two downhole array sites	17
Multi-criteria decision-making approach for optimal seismic/energy retrofitting of existing buildings	17
The SAFER geodatabase for the Kathmandu valley: Bayesian kriging for data-scarce regions	16
How well can we predict earthquake site response so far? Machine learning vs physics-based modeling	16
Site response of sedimentary basins and other geomorphic provinces in southern California	16
Story loss functions for seismic design and assessment: Development of tools and application	16
Ground-motion models for Vrancea intermediate-depth earthquakes	15
Seismic loss and resilience assessment of tall-coupled cross-laminated timber wall building	15
E-Cloud: Efficient seismic fragility assessment of structures based on enhanced cloud analysis	15
Multi-hazard parametric catastrophe bond trigger design for subduction earthquakes and tsunamis	15
Development of NGA-Sub ground-motion prediction equation of 5%-damped pseudo-spectral acceleration based on database of subduction earthquakes in Japan	14
Identification of optimal ground-motion intensity measures for assessing liquefaction triggering and lateral displacement of liquefiable sloping grounds	14
Relational database used for ground-motion model development in the NGA-sub project	14
The Estimated Carbon Cost of Concrete Building Demolitions following the Canterbury Earthquake Sequence	14
A relational database to support post-earthquake building damage and recovery assessment	13
Site parameters applied in NGA-Sub database	13
2021 US National Seismic Hazard Model for the State of Hawaii	13
Multi-method site characterization to verify the hard rock (Site Class A) assumption at 25 seismograph stations across Eastern Canada	13
A fragility-oriented approach for seismic retrofit design	13
Host-region parameters for an adjustable model for crustal earthquakes to facilitate the implementation of the backbone approach to building ground-motion logic trees in probabilistic seismic hazard a	13
Proposal of orientation-independent measure of intensity for earthquake-resistant design	12
The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground motion models in the central and eastern US	12
A Texas-specific VS30 map incorporating geology and VS30 observations	12
Seismic fragility of bridges: An approach coupling multiple-stripe analysis and Gaussian mixture for multicomponent structures	12
Effect of bidirectional excitation on seismic performance of regular RC frame buildings designed for modern codes	12
Ground motion model for Peninsular India using an artificial neural network	12
A mixed-mode data collection approach for building inventory development: Application to school buildings in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia	12
2D Geotechnical site-response analysis including soil heterogeneity and wave scattering	12
An agent-based financing model for post-earthquake housing recovery: Quantifying recovery inequalities across income groups	12
Comparisons of the NGA-Subduction ground motion models	11
The search for hard-rock kappa (κ) in NGA-East: A semi-automated method for large, challenging datasets in stable continental regions	11
An efficient algorithm to simulate hazard-targeted site-based synthetic ground motions	11
A regionalized partially nonergodic ground-motion model for subduction earthquakes using the NGA-Sub database	11
Global building exposure model for earthquake risk assessment	11
Seismic gap between buildings founded on different soil types experiencing pounding during earthquakes	10
Scaling relations between seismic moment and rupture area of earthquakes in stable continental regions	10
Intensity and damage statistics of the September 19, 2017 Mexico earthquake: Influence of soft story and corner asymmetry on the damage reported during the earthquake	10
A procedure for matching the near-fault ground motions based on spectral accelerations and instantaneous power	10
Spectral matching RotD100 target spectra: Effect on records characteristics and seismic response	10
Data set from shake table tests of free-standing rocking bodies	10
Local residents’ immediate responses to the 2018 Indonesia earthquake and tsunami	10

Impact of ground-motion duration on nonlinear structural performance: Part I: spectrally equivalent records and inelastic single-degree-of-freedom systems	10
Toward a uniform earthquake loss model across Central America	10
Ground motions in urban Los Angeles from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence	10
Selection of random vibration theory procedures for the NGA-East project and ground-motion modeling	10
Influence of ground motion duration on the dynamic deformation capacity of reinforced concrete frame structures	10
Development of a companion questionnaire for “Did You Feel It?”: Assessing response in earthquakes where an earthquake early warning may have been received	9
High-resolution post-earthquake recovery simulation: Impact of safety cordons	9
Quantifying nuisance ground motion thresholds for induced earthquakes	9
The total costs of seismic retrofits: State of the art	9
Impact of ground-motion duration on nonlinear structural performance: Part II: site- and building-specific analysis	9
Conducting 1D site response analyses to capture 2D VS spatial variability effects	9
Dataset from the shake table tests of a rocking podium structure	9
A subset of CyberShake ground-motion time series for response-history analysis	9
Modeling housing recovery after the 2018 Lombok earthquakes using a stochastic queuing model	9
Ground-motion model for subduction earthquakes in northern South America	9
The disaster resilience value of shared rooftop solar systems in residential communities	9
Adoption of seismic-resistant techniques in reconstructed housing in the aftermath of Nepal’s 2015 Gorkha earthquake	9
Impacts of the 2018 M7.1 Anchorage earthquake on schools	9
Inelastic response spectra of self-centering structures with the flag-shaped hysteretic response subjected to near-fault pulse-type ground motions	8
Quantitative evaluation of the damage to RC buildings caused by the 2023 southeast Turkey earthquake sequence	8
Improvement of the polyurethane spring isolation device for HV post insulators and its evaluation by fragility curves	8
Spectral damping scaling factors for horizontal components of ground motions from subduction earthquakes using NGA-Subduction data	8
Seismic damage and comparison of fragility functions of public and residential buildings damaged by the 2014 Mae Lao (Northern Thailand) earthquake	8
A database of ground motion recordings, site profiles, and amplification factors from the Groningen gas field in the Netherlands	8
The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Additional period and site class data	8
Can geotechnical liquefaction indices serve as predictors of foundation settlement?	8
Behavioral responses to earthquake shaking: Video footage analysis of the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake in Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand	8
The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Where, why, and how much probabilistic ground motion maps changed	8
New conditional, scenario-based, and non-conditional cumulative absolute velocity models for subduction tectonic settings	7
Evolution of seismic design codes of highway bridges in Chile	7
Time-dependent seismic hazard and risk due to wastewater injection in Oklahoma	7
Ergodic site response model for subduction zone regions	7
Investment planning for earthquake-resilient electric power systems considering cascading outages	7
Challenges in the definition of input motions for forensic ground-response analysis in the near-source region	7
RPBEE: Performance-based earthquake engineering on a regional scale	7
On the feasibility of IoT-based smart meters for earthquake early warning	7
Seismic assessment of reinforced concrete columns with short lap splices	7
Seismic performance improvement of ±800 kV UHV DC wall busing using friction ring spring dampers	7
Chilean liquefaction case history database	7
From information to public preparedness in the Cascadia Subduction Zone: Examining risk communication outcomes in Metropolitan Portland, OR	7
Sediment thickness map of United States Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Strata, and their influence on earthquake ground motions	7
The 2023 US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground-motion characterization for the conterminous United States	7
ASCE/SEI 41 assessment of reinforced concrete buildings: Benchmarking nonlinear dynamic procedures with empirical damage observations	7
Steel flexure and shear yielding base-mechanism for enhanced seismic resilience of RC core wall high-rise structures	7
Merging data and experts’ knowledge-based weights for ranking GMPEs	7
Validating predicted site response in sedimentary basins from 3D ground motion simulations	7
Development of a new seismic vulnerability model for churches based on simple typological features	7
Vertical ground-motion prediction equation and the vertical-to-horizontal spectral ratio for crustal earthquakes in Taiwan	6
A framework to quantify the effectiveness of earthquake early warning in mitigating seismic risk	6
Why “AI” models for predicting soil liquefaction have been ignored, plus some that shouldn’t be	6
Machine learning–based ground motion models for shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions	6
Methodology for determination of seismic force modification factors in Canada: Performance-based unified procedure	6
Understanding the wider social and economic context of post-earthquake cordons: A comparative case study between Christchurch, Aotearoa (New Zealand) and L’Aquila, Italy	6
Experimental testing on nonstructural continuous plasterboard suspended ceiling systems under shake table-generated motions	6
NGA-East ground-motion characterization model Part II: Implementation and hazard implications	6
An evaluation of partially nonergodic PGA ground-motion models for Japanese megathrust earthquakes	6
Seismic collapse performance of steel special moment frames designed using different analysis methods	6
Response and failure mechanism of utility tunnel with flexible joints under reverse fault: An experimental, numerical, and analytical investigation	6
A framework for the rapid assessment of seismic upgrade viability using performance-based earthquake engineering	6
Hybrid broadband ground-motion simulation validation of small magnitude active shallow crustal earthquakes in New Zealand	6
Seismic fragility models of a bridge system based on copula method	6
Reducing the uncertainties in the NGA-West2 ground motion models by incorporating the frequency and amplitude of the fundamental peak of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio of surface ground mot	6
ATC Mw7.1 Puebla-Morelos earthquake reconnaissance observations: Structural observations and instrumentation	6
Seismic safety of informally constructed reinforced concrete houses in Puerto Rico	6
Shake table tests of seven-story reinforced concrete structures with torsional irregularities: Test program and datasets	5
Implementing the performance-based seismic design for new reinforced concrete structures: Comparison among ASCE/SEI 41, TBI, and LATBSDC	5
Modeling future economic costs and interdependent industry recovery after earthquakes	5
Congestion and observability across interdependent power and telecommunication networks under seismic hazard	5
Estimating epistemic uncertainty in soil parameters for nonlinear site response analyses: Introducing the Latin Hypercube Sampling technique	5
Deformation-dependent peak floor acceleration for the performance-based design of nonstructural elements attached to R/C structures	5
Can modeling soil heterogeneity in 2D site response analyses improve predictions at vertical array sites?	5
Ground-motion model for the standardized version of cumulative absolute velocity	5
A national seismic risk model for Canada: Methodology and scientific basis	5
Quantifying the potential benefits of risk-mitigation strategies on present and future seismic losses in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal	5
The influence of multiple impedance contrasts on mHVSR site period estimates in the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand and implications for site classification	5
Predictive kappa (κ) models for Turkey: Regional effects and uncertainty analysis	5
Post-earthquake fast damage assessment using residual displacement and seismic energy: Application to Mexico City	5
Evaluation of the optimal ground motion intensity measure in the prediction of the seismic vulnerability of earth dams	5
Building clustering for regional seismic response and damage analysis	5
Comprehensive numerical analyses of the seismic performance of natural gas pipelines crossing earthquake faults	5

Study on normalization of residual displacements for single-degree-of-freedom systems	5
The interpretation of cumulative damage from the building response observed in Mexico City during the 19 September 2017 earthquake	5
Probabilistic seismic source location and magnitude via inverse analysis of paleoliquefaction evidence	5
A ground motion based procedure to identify the earthquakes that are the most relevant for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis	5
Geotechnical lessons from the Mw 7.1 2018 Anchorage Alaska earthquake	5
Findings from a decade of ground motion simulation validation research and a path forward	5
Factors affecting earthquake responders’ building damage information needs and use	5
Seismic resilience of typical code-conforming RC moment frame buildings in Canada	5
A ground motion model for orientation-independent inelastic spectral displacements from shallow crustal earthquakes	4
Parametric study on the collapse probability of modern reinforced concrete frames with infills	4
Performance of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer retrofits in the 2018 Cook Inlet Earthquake in Anchorage, Alaska	4
Centrifuge testing of soil–structure interaction effects on cyclic failure potential of fine-grained soil	4
Geotechnical reconnaissance of an extensive cover-collapse sinkhole phenomena of 2020–2021 Petrinja earthquake sequence (Central Croatia)	4
Ground motion models for shallow crustal and deep earthquakes in Hawaii and analyses of the 2018 M 6.9 Kalapana sequence	4
Simulating post-disaster temporary housing needs for displaced households and out-of-town contractors	4
Displacement and damage analysis of earth dams during the 2023 Turkiye earthquake sequence	4
Evaluating post-earthquake functionality and surge capacity of hospital emergency departments using discrete event simulation	4
Seismic performance of UHV composite post electrical equipment interconnected using a rigid bus with a sliding fitting	4
Tests on reinforced concrete U-shaped walls subjected to torsion and flexure	4
A borehole array data–based approach for conducting 1D site response analyses I: Damping and VS randomization	4
A comparative study of seismic analysis, design, and collapse safety margins of tall buildings in the United States and Japan: Part II: comparison of seismic capacity and collapse safety margin	4
Site-specific adjustment framework for incremental dynamic analysis (SAF-IDA)	4
Seismic risk assessments for real estate portfolios: Impact of engineering investigation on quality of seismic risk studies	4
Practitioner-friendly design method to improve the seismic performance of RC frame buildings	4
The effect of soil nonlinearity on high-frequency spectral decay and implications for site response analysis	4
Select liquefaction case histories from the 2001 Nisqually, Washington, earthquake: A digital data set and assessment of model performance	4
A ground-motion prediction model for small-to-moderate induced earthquakes for Central and Eastern United States	4
A deep-learning-based model for quality assessment of earthquake-induced ground-motion records	4
Causal inference on observational data: Opportunities and challenges in earthquake engineering	4
Inelastic seismic shear amplification due to higher mode effects in reinforced concrete coupled walls	4
Probabilistic seismic risk assessment for the Eastern Himalayas, China	4
Evaluation of floor acceleration demands from the 2017 Mexico City code seismic provisions using a continuous elastic model and records of instrumented buildings	4
Simulation of near-fault ground motions for randomized directivity parameters	4
Frequency-dependent site factors for the Icelandic strong-motion array from a Bayesian hierarchical model of the spatial distribution of spectral accelerations	4
Combining observed linear basin amplification factors with 1D nonlinear site-response analyses to predict site response for strong ground motions: Application to Wellington, New Zealand	4
Quantitative assessment of seismic design provisions for buildings with torsional irregularities	4
Multi-variate seismic fragility assessment of CLT coupled wall systems	4
Tunnel performance during the Puebla-Mexico 19 September 2017 earthquake	4
Semiempirical model for the estimation of site amplification in Northern South America	3
Exploring Australian hazard map exceedance using an Atlas of historical ShakeMaps	3
A comparative study of seismic analysis, design, and collapse safety margins of tall buildings in the United States and Japan, Part I: Performance-based analysis and design	3
Three-dimensional numerical modeling of ground motion in the Valley of Mexico: A case study from the Mw3.2 earthquake of July 17, 2019	3
Large-scale damage assessment of buildings considering SSI and site amplification: The case of Thessaloniki	3
A latent Gaussian process model for the spatial distribution of liquefaction manifestation	3
Bayesian parameter estimation of duration-based variables used in post-earthquake building recovery modeling	3
A near-real-time model for estimating probability of road obstruction due to earthquake-triggered landslides	3
Reconnaissance of the 2022 Guanshan and Chihshang earthquakes in eastern Taiwan	3
Site classification scheme based on geological age and genesis for Xinjiang and the Capital Metropolitan areas of China	3
A relocated earthquake catalog and ground motion database for the southern East African rift system	3
Uses of epistemic uncertainties in the USGS National Seismic Hazard Models	3
Cyclic evaluation of energy-dissipating hysteretic infilled reinforced concrete frame: A novel approach as low-cost passive energy–dissipating device	3
Impact of ground motion directionality (RotDnn) on the coupled and uncoupled inelastic response of RC circular cantilever columns	3
Guided post-earthquake reconnaissance surveys considering resource constraints for regional damage inference	3
An offshore non-ergodic ground motion model for subduction earthquakes in Japan Trench area	3
Simplified solution for seismic earth pressures exerted on flexible walls	3
Motivators and impediments to seismic retrofit implementation for wood-frame soft-story buildings: A case study in California	3
Shear-wave velocity measurements and their uncertainties at six industrial sites	3
Optimization of frequency domain impedances for time-domain response analyses of building structures with rigid shallow foundations	3
Risk-targeted hazard for seismic design in New Zealand considering individual and societal risk targets	3
Risk-based bridge component importance measures under seismic loads	3
Site characterization at Treasure Island and Delaney Park downhole arrays by heterogeneous data assimilation	3
Fluvial geomorphic factors affecting liquefaction-induced lateral spreading	3
An algorithm for spectrally matching bi-directional ground motions to a target RotD100 spectrum while maintaining the radial spectral acceleration pattern	3
Assessing the feasibility of achieving functional recovery goals through seismic retrofit of existing reinforced concrete buildings	3
Experimental study on seismic performance of strengthening masonry wall using hybrid fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete	3
Backbone curve variations on steel building seismic response	3
Liquefaction-induced ground and building interactions in İskenderun from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence	3
Prediction equation for the fundamental vibration period of concrete gravity dams with impounded water	3
A closer look at hazard-consistent ground motion record selection for building-specific risk assessment: Effect of soil characteristics and accelerograms’ scaling	3
An updated strong-motion database of Türkiye (SMD-TR)	3
Structural performance of buildings during the 30 November 2018 M7.1 Anchorage, Alaska earthquake	3
A simplified and versatile element model for elastomeric seismic isolation bearings	3
Rocking response of liquid-filled cylindrical tanks	3
Spectral acceleration basin amplification factors for interface Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquakes in Canada’s 2020 national seismic hazard model	3
New conditional, scenario-based, and traditional peak ground velocity models for interface and intraslab subduction zone earthquakes	3
GMPE-consistent hard-rock site adjustment factors for Western North America	3
Directionality and polarization of response spectral ordinates in the 2023 Kahramanmaras, Türkiye earthquake doublet	3
A methodology to assess and select seismic fragility curves: Application to the case of Costa Rica	3
A procedure to develop a backbone ground-motion model: A case study for its implementation	3
Monitoring of a rehabilitated building in soft soil in Mexico and structural response to September 2017 earthquakes: Part 2: Numerical simulation	3
Shear-wave velocity map for Pohang Basin, South Korea, based on the P-wave seismogram method	2
Design of computer experiments for developing seismic surrogate models	2
Monitoring of a rehabilitated building in soft soil in Mexico and structural response to the September 2017 earthquakes: Part 1: structural health monitoring system	2
Mitigation of liquefaction triggering due to bio-gas-induced desaturation using element tests and the strain energy approach	2
Evaluation of reduced computational approaches to assessment of tsunami hazard and loss using stochastic source models: Case study for Tofino, British Columbia, Canada, subjected to Cascadia megathrus	2
Fault-displacement models for aggregate and principal displacements	2
Probabilistic approach for seismic microzonation integrating 3D geological and geotechnical uncertainty	2
Characterizing uncertainty of general building stock exposure data	2
Fragility modeling practices and their implications on risk and resilience analysis: From the structure to the network scale	2
A borehole array data–based approach for conducting 1D site response analyses II: Accounting for modeling errors	2
Subsurface imaging dataset acquired at the Garner Valley Downhole Array site using a dense network of three-component nodal stations	2
A frequency-dependent ground-motion spatial correlation model of within-event residuals for Fourier amplitude spectra	2
Seismic performance of a retrofitted heritage unreinforced masonry building during the 2010/2011 Canterbury earthquakes	2
Multi-angle and nonuniform ground motions on cable-stayed bridges	2
Shear wave velocity and site period measurements for the western portion of the Mexico City Basin following the Mw7.1 2017 Puebla–Morelos, Mexico, earthquake	2