RSC Medicinal Chemistry

Article	Citations
Expanding the chemical space of ester of quinoxaline-7-carboxylate 1,4-di- N -oxide derivatives as potential antitubercular agents	125
Exploration of hydrazine-based small molecules as metal chelators for KDM4 inhibition	124
Integrating computational and experimental chemical biology revealed variable anticancer activities of phosphodiesterase isoenzyme 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) in lung cancer	116
Development of sulfonyl fluoride chemical probes to advance the discovery of cereblon modulators	107
N -Arylsulfonamide-based adenosine analogues to target RNA cap N 7-methyltransferase nsp14 of SARS-CoV-2	99
The effects of bioisostere substitution on the antimicrobial and physicochemical properties of supramolecular self-associating amphiphiles	97
Cytotoxicity of phosphoramidate, bis-amidate and cycloSal prodrug metabolites against tumour and normal cells	93
Integrated computational screen and validation of thalidomide-based PROTACs targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease	80
Effect of mono-guanidine-like derivatives on platelet aggregation and tumour cell induced platelet aggregation	78
Inside front cover	77
Oxadiargyl analogs as potent inhibitors of Toxoplasma gondii protoporphyrinogen oxidase	74
Recent advances of phenotypic screening strategies in the application of anti-influenza virus drug discovery	73
Back cover	57
Back cover	51
Emerging opportunities in the rewiring of biology through proximity inducing small molecules	50
Triarylphosphonium-conjugated Sn( iv )-porphyrins for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: impact of substituents on lipophilicity, aggregation, and p	47
Biocompatible glycolipid derived from bhilawanol as an antibiofilm agent and a promising platform for drug delivery	47
Emerging cellular uptake mechanisms of bRo5 PROTACs	41
Design, synthesis and structure–activity relationship analysis of dibenzodiazepinone derivatives against Osimertinib resistant NSCLC	41
Research progress of anticancer drugs targeting CDK12	40
Discovery of novel BCAT2 inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and molecular modeling studies	40
New azole derivatives linked to indole/indoline moieties combined with FLC against drug-resistant Candida albicans	40
Exploring the potential of tamoxifen-based copper( ii ) dichloride in breast cancer therapy	39
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel D-ring fused steroidal N (2)-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles	38
Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of indole-based tetrazole derivatives as putative ant	37

Unusual Ni⋯Ni interaction in Ni( ii ) complexes as potential inhibitors for the development of new anti-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron drugs	36
Thiazole orange-carboplatin triplex-forming oligonucleotide (TFO) combination probes enhance targeted DNA crosslinking	35
Targeting DNA-PK: medicinal chemistry insights into small-molecule inhibitor discovery and optimisation	33
Beta-cyclodextrin formulation of a disulfide-bond disrupting agent for improved systemic exposure	32
Designing halogen-free metal–phenolic imidazolium poly(ionic liquids) with multi-functional antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation properties for infected wounds	32
4-Trifluoromethyl bithiazoles as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents for virus-related bacterial infections or co-infections	31
ATP-competitive inhibitors for cancer treatment – kinases and the world beyond	31
In vivo demonstration of enhanced mRNA delivery by cyclic disulfide-containing lipid nanoparticles for facilitating endosomal escape	30
Unveiling sultam in drug discovery: spotlight on the underexplored scaffold	30
Design and development of sulfenylated 5-aminopyrazoles as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase: exploring the implication for Aβ 1–42	29
Light-activatable photochemically targeting chimeras (PHOTACs) enable the optical control of targeted protein degradation of HDAC6	28
Structure–activity relationships of fenarimol analogues with potent in vitro and in vivo activity against	28
Sirtuin 1-activating derivatives belonging to the anilinopyridine class displaying in vivo cardioprotective activities	27
Cornulacin: a new isoflavone from Cornulaca monacantha and its isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxicity through EGFR-mediated apoptosis	26
Trifluoroacetic acid-mediated synthesis of xanthene constructs and their extensive anti-tuberculosis evaluation	26
Design, synthesis and exploration of cyclic imides as PDE4 inhibitors in psoriasis	25
Discovery of dibenzylbutane lignan LCA derivatives as potent anti-inflammatory agents	25
Design, quality and validation of the EU-OPENSCREEN fragment library poised to a high-throughput screening collection	25
Natural product-inspired [3 + 2] cycloaddition-based spirooxindoles as dual anticancer agents: synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation by in vitro	25
Water-soluble cationic porphyrins with enhanced phototoxicity to cancer cell lines for G4-targeting photodynamic therapy	24
Back cover	24
Bioassay-guided isolation of hepatoprotective lignans from Vernonia cinerea : DeepSAT-driven structural elucidation and predictive mechanistic insights a	24
Radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]brequinar for in vivo PET imaging of hDHODH for potential studies of acute my	24
Inside front cover	23
Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 3 H -spiro[benzofuran-2,4′-piperidine] IRAK4 inhibitors for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lym	22
Contents list	22
3-Hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives as monkeypox virus resolvase (Mpr) inhibitors	22
Research progress regarding iminosugars for glycosidase inhibition and hypoglycemic activity	21
Evolution of structure-guided drug design strategies targeting mutations in codon 12 of KRAS	21
Unravelling the potency of the 4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile scaffold with S -arylamide hybrids as PIM-1 kinase inhibitors:	21
Pretargeted imaging beyond the blood–brain barrier	21
The physics-AI dialogue in drug design	21
Simple accessible clemastine fumarate analogues as effective antileishmanials	21
Decoding the Silent Conversations: Targeting Quorum Sensing to Disarm Bacterial Pathogens in the Age of Antimicrobial Resistance	21
Beyond acrylamide: a structure-guided investigation of covalent warheads in the development of CDK7 inhibitors	21
Structure-based design and evaluation of tyrosinase inhibitors targeting both human and mushroom isozymes	21
Recent advances from computer-aided drug design to artificial intelligence drug design	21
The relationship between cancer risk and cystic fibrosis: the role of CFTR in cell growth and cancer development	20
Investigating the role of cytochrome bd oxidases in the antibacterial activity of madecassic acid and derivatives thereof	20
Recent insights of PROTAC developments in inflammation-mediated and autoimmune targets: a critical review	20
Design, make, test, play: a game for medicinal chemistry outreach	19
Prodrugs and their activation mechanisms for brain drug delivery	19
Exploration of cytotoxic potential and tubulin polymerization inhibition activity of cis -stilbene-1,2,3-triazole congeners	19
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of rhein–piperazine–furanone hybrids as potential anticancer agents	19
It's ok to be outnumbered – sub-stoichiometric modulation of homomeric protein complexes	19
Diversely functionalized isoquinolines and their core-embedded heterocyclic frameworks: a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemistry	19
Sulfone and sulfoxide-containing pharmaceuticals: targets, pharmacological properties and SAR studies	18
Stereochemical optimization of N ,2-substituted cycloalkylamines as norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors	18
On-resin synthesis of Lanreotide epimers and studies of their structure–activity relationships	18
Geometric deep learning-guided Suzuki reaction conditions assessment for applications in medicinal chemistry	18

Enhanced inhibitory activity of compounds containing purine scaffolds compared to protein kinase CK2α considering crystalline water	18
The allure of targets for novel drugs	17
Druggable targets for the immunopathy of Alzheimer's disease	17
Discovery of imidazo[1,2- b ]pyridazine-containing TAK1 kinase inhibitors with excellent activities against multiple myeloma	17
An allosteric inhibitor targeting the STAT3 coiled-coil domain selectively suppresses proliferation of breast cancer	17
NMR 1 H, 19 F-based screening of the four stem-looped structure 5_SL1–SL4 located in the 5′-untran	17
Harnessing carlina oxide scaffold for the management of vector-borne diseases: synthesis and structure–activity relationship	17
From fragments to follow-ups: rapid hit expansion by making use of EU-OPENSCREEN resources	17
Rutaecarpine derivatives synthesized via skeletal reorganization alleviate inflammation-associated oxidative damage by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signalin	17
Proximity-induced membrane protein degradation for cancer therapies	17
Front cover	17
Correction: Design and synthesis of eugenol/isoeugenol glycoconjugates and other analogues as antifungal agents against Aspergillus fumigatus	17
Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiosemicarbazone-based antibody–drug conjugates	17
In vitro and in vivo studies of dehydroxylated-isoquines and -isotebuquines against trypanosomatids: a preclinical drug candid	17
Inhibition of transcription and antiproliferative effects in a cancer cell line using antigene oligonucleotides containing artificial nucleoside analogues	16
Stachydrine, a pyrrole alkaloid with promising therapeutic potential against metabolic syndrome and associated organ dysfunction	16
Developing pyrazole–oxadiazole conjugates as potent anti-tubercular agents: an in silico and in vitro appr	16
Front cover	16
The importance of tyrosines in multimers of cyclic RGD nonapeptides: towards αvβ6-integrin targeted radiotherapeutics	16
SETDB1 as a cancer target: challenges and perspectives in drug design	16
Minimising the payload solvent exposed hydrophobic surface area optimises the antibody-drug conjugate properties	16
Discovery of a nasal spray steroid, tixocortol, as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and viral replication	16
Contents list	16
Design, synthesis and anti-proliferative activity of 3-aryl-evodiamine derivatives	16
Back cover	16
Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-phenylpyrimidine derivatives as novel antifungal agents targeting CYP51	16
The structural requirements of 3,5-substituted oxindoles that determine selective AMPK or GSK3β inhibition	16
Recent advancements in the therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease treatment: current and future perspective	15
Glioblastoma antitumoral activity of tetrahydroquinoline-derived triarylmethanes	15
Drug repurposing of fluvastatin as a DP2 antagonist: an ensemble learning strategy with in vitro cellular functional validation	15
Recent advances towards BACE1 drug discovery and therapeutics design	15
Recent advancements in the development of next-generation dual-targeting antibacterial agents	15
Discovery of GBA-16-24 as a highly potent, selective ATR inhibitor for the treatment of FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia	15
Can large language models predict antimicrobial peptide activity and toxicity?	15
Development of Hsp90 C-terminal inhibitors with noviomimetics that manifest anti-proliferative activities	15
Pyridazinone-based derivatives as anticancer agents endowed with anti-microbial activity: molecular design, synthesis, and biological investigation	15
Synthesis of novel rapanone derivatives via organocatalytic reductive C-alkylation: biological evaluation of antioxidant properties,	15
Outstanding Reviewers for RSC Medicinal Chemistry in 2025	14
Hinokitiol potentiates antimicrobial activity of bismuth drugs: a combination therapy for overcoming antimicrobial resistance	14
Development of di-arylated 1,2,4-triazole-based derivatives as therapeutic agents against breast cancer: synthesis and biological evaluation	14
Five years of research on 2,4-thiazolidinediones as anticancer agents: medicinal chemistry insights (2020–2024)	14
Technical, preclinical, and clinical developments of Fc-glycan-specific antibody–drug conjugates	14
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzoyl hydrazone derivatives as anticancer agents inducing ROS-associated mitochondrial apoptosis	14
Contents list	14
Site-specific molecular glues for the 14-3-3/Tau pS214 protein–protein interaction via reversible covalent imine tethering	14
Adjuvant strategies to tackle mcr -mediated polymyxin resistance	14
Novel rhodanine–thiazole hybrids as potential antidiabetic agents: a structure-based drug design approach	14
Novel glycine amides, semicarbazides and fluoroallylamines as inhibitors of the amine oxidase vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1)	14
Quinazolinone-1,2,3-triazole-acetamide conjugates as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: synthesis, enzyme inhibition, kinetic analysis, and molecular docking study	14
Discovery of a potent and selective PROTAC degrader for STAT3	14
Identification of novel phenylalanine derivatives bearing a hydroxamic acid moiety as potent quorum sensing inhibitors	13
Contents list	13
Mycobacterium tuberculosis CitA activity is modulated by cysteine oxidation and pyruvate binding	13
Inside front cover	13
Extending the architecture of bolaamphiphilic disinfectants: an investigation of octenidine and isooctenidine analogs	13
Synthesis and evaluation of HFIP bearing triazolo-amides as amyloid-β aggregation inhibitors and suppressors of aggregation induced neuroinflammation	13
Progress in the discovery and development of small molecule methuosis inducers	13
Research progress of metal–organic framework nanozymes in bacterial sensing, detection, and treatment	13
Peptides as multifunctional linchpins in targeted drug conjugates	13
SLL-1A-16 suppresses proliferation and induces autophagy in non-small-cell lung cancer cells via the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway	13
Anticancer potential of copper( i ) complexes based on isopropyl ester derivatives of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate ligands	13
Discovery of novel SIRT3 inhibitors with MLLr leukemia inhibitory potency	13
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel thiazole derivatives as PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors	13
“Seasoning” antimalarial drugs' action: chloroquine bile salts as novel triple-stage antiplasmodial hits	13
Inside front cover	13
On the history, synthesis, and medicinal use of cantharidin, LB-100, and their analogs	13
Design and synthesis of novel cathepsin C inhibitors with anti-inflammatory activity	12
Evaluation of ketoclomazone and its analogues as inhibitors of 1-deoxy- d -xylulose 5-phosphate synthases and other thiamine diphosphate (ThDP)-depen	12
Complexity of αvβ6-integrin targeting RGD peptide trimers: emergence of non-specific binding by synergistic interaction	12
Back cover	12
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 1,3-diaryl substituted pyrazole based (thio)urea derivatives as potent antimicrobial agents against multi-drug resistant Staphylococc	12
Lysine targeting covalent inhibitors of malarial kinase Pf CLK3	12
Discovery and optimization of pyrrolopyrimidines as highly potent, selective and brain-penetrant LRRK2 inhibitors	12
Inhibition of DXR in the MEP pathway with lipophilic N -alkoxyaryl FR900098 analogs	12
Rational design and in vitro testing of new urease inhibitors to prevent urinary catheter blockage	12
Inside front cover	12
Bisarylthiourea comprising cycloalkyl-thiophene-3-carboxylate derivatives as potential human toll-like receptor (TLR2) agonists: design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationship enabling the swi	12
Back cover	12
Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors through deep reinforcement learning for de novo drug design and computational chemistry approaches	12
Contents list	12

Endoperoxide delivered singlet oxygen: the future of PDT, without light or oxygen	12
Outstanding Reviewers for RSC Medicinal Chemistry in 2024	12
Back cover	12
Novel lithocholic acid-diindolylmethane hybrids as potent sialyltransferase inhibitors targeting triple-negative breast cancer: a molecular hybridization approach	12
Development of a nitric oxide-releasing cephalexin-based hybrid compound for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy and biofilm disruption	12
Contents list	12
Diversifying the triquinazine scaffold of a Janus kinase inhibitor	12
Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of 6 H ,13 H -pyrazino[1,2- a	12
AlbiCDN: albumin-binding amphiphilic STING agonists augment the immune activity for cancer immunotherapy	12
Development of trisubstituted thiophene-3-arboxamide selenide derivatives as novel EGFR kinase inhibitors with cytotoxic activity	12
Preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection using Fv-antibodies targeting the proprotein convertase (PPC) cleavage site	11
Guggulsterone – a potent bioactive phytosteroid: synthesis, structural modification, and its improved bioactivities	11
Molecular understanding of the therapeutic potential of melanin inhibiting natural products	11
Fragment-based discovery of dual ligand pharmacophores for lipid-sensing transcription factors for designed polypharmacology	11
Ribosome-targeting antibiotics and resistance via ribosomal RNA methylation	11
Synthesis and investigation of thieno[2,3- b ]pyridines that restore activity of topotecan	11
Thiazolidine-2,4-dione hybrids as dual alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo	11
EGFR AP : a predictive machine learning model for assessing small molecule activity against the epidermal growth factor receptor	11
Expanding the chemical space for antiviral discovery: the potential of twistenediones	11
Integrating a quinone substructure into histone deacetylase inhibitors to cope with Alzheimer's disease and cancer	11
Development of thiazole-appended novel hydrazones as a new class of α-amylase inhibitors with anticancer assets: an in silico and	11
Cyclometalated complexes: promising metallodrugs in the battle against cancer	11
Distinctive roles of aquaporins and novel therapeutic opportunities against cancer	11
Inside front cover	11
Semisynthetic blasticidin S ester derivatives show enhanced antibiotic activity	11
Design of chitosan-coated CeO 2 -doped ZnCr LDO nanocomposites for optimized azithromycin delivery: a kinetic and mechanistic perspective	11
Recent developments in membrane targeting antifungal agents to mitigate antifungal resistance	11
The synthesis and bioactivities of ROCK2 inhibitors with 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl motif	11
Design, synthesis, and anti-fibrotic evaluation of novel sulfonamide-embedded 1,2,4-triazinone derivatives in TGF-β-activated hepatic stellate cells (LX-2)	11
Design and synthesis of cyclic lipidated peptides derived from the C-terminus of Cx43 for hemichannel inhibition and cardiac endothelium targeting	11
Correction: Minimising the payload solvent exposed hydrophobic surface area optimises the antibody–drug conjugate properties	10
Polysucrose hydrogel loaded with natural molecules/extracts for multiphase-directed sustainable wound healing	10
Contents list	10
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of sulfonamide-functionalized pyridine carbothioamides as potent tubulin-targeting anticancer agents	10
Contents list	10
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel β-caryophyllene derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents through the ROS-mediated apoptosis pathway	10
Macrocyclic RGD-peptides with high selectivity for α v β 3 integrin in cancer imaging and therapy	10
Recent advances in structural modifications of natural products for anti-leishmaniasis therapy (2010–2024)	10
Computer-aided discovery of triazolothiadiazoles as DYRK1A-targeted neuroprotective agents	10
Front cover	10
Contents list	10
Introduction to the themed collection on ‘Targeting RNA with small molecules’	10
Front cover	10
Inhibition of bacterial RNA polymerase function and protein–protein interactions: a promising approach for next-generation antibacterial therapeutics	10
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new arjunolic acid derivatives as anticancer agents	10
Design and synthesis of quinazoline derivatives as novel JMJD3/HDAC dual-target inhibitors	10
Applications of supramolecular assemblies in drug delivery and photodynamic therapy	10
Design, synthesis, molecular docking and anti-proliferative activity of novel phenothiazine containing imidazo[1,2- a ]pyridine derivatives against MARK4	10
Live cell screening to identify RNA-binding small molecule inhibitors of the pre-let-7–Lin28 RNA–protein interaction	10
Contents list	10
Novel pirfenidone derivatives: synthesis and biological evaluation	10
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis mycothiol S -transferase is divalent metal-dependent for mycothiol binding	10
The rise of ultrashort cationic β-peptides as promising antimicrobial therapeutics	10
QSAR, structure-based pharmacophore modelling and biological evaluation of novel platelet ADP receptor (P2Y 12 ) antagonist	10
Stereoselective synthesis and antiproliferative activity of allo -gibberic acid-based 1,3-aminoalcohol regioisomers	10
Introduction to the themed collection in honour of Professor Christian Leumann	10
Copper selective 8-aminoquinoline based tetradentate chelators as anticancer agents	10
Design, synthesis, antimicrobial activity, stability, and mechanism of action of bioresorbable ceragenins	9
Discovery and computational studies of piperidine/piperazine-based compounds endowed with sigma receptor affinity	9
Synthesis and evaluation of tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2- a ]quinolin-1(2 H )-ones as new tubulin polymerization	9
Tanshinones target drug-resistant tuberculosis: efficacy, selectivity, and potential mechanism of action	9
In vitro evaluation of the immunogenic potential of gramicidin S and its photocontrolled analogues	9
Machine learning prediction of acute toxicity with in vivo experiments on tetrazole derivatives	9
Discovery of novel dehydroabietylamine–pyrimidine hybrids: design, synthesis and anti-tumor evaluation	9
Novel benzimidazole hybrids: design, synthesis, mechanistic studies, antifungal potential and molecular dynamics	9
Heterocyclic compounds as xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the management of hyperuricemia: synthetic strategies, structure–activity relationship and molecular docking studies (2018–2024)	9
Lead optimization of 5jc21 (CG13250), a quinolin-2(1 H )-one-based inhibitor of the BRD4 member of the bro	9
Expanding the structure–activity relationships of alkynyl diphenylurea scaffold as promising antibacterial agents	9
Synthesis and structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies of 1,2,3-triazole, amide, and ester-based benzothiazole derivatives as potential molecular probes for tau protein	9
NLRP3 inflammasome: structure, mechanism, drug-induced organ toxicity, therapeutic strategies, and future perspectives	9
Front cover	9
Structure-guided design of a methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) incorporating an indole–nicotinamide chemotype	9
Design, synthesis, inhibitory activity, and molecular simulations study for d -glucose-conjugated thioureas containing pyrimidine ring as multitarget	9
Analysis of the structural diversity of heterocycles amongst European medicines agency approved pharmaceuticals (2014–2023)	9
Sorafenib Analogues Exhibit Dual Colistin-Potentiating and Anti-MRSA Activity	9
Modulating polybasic character of galactose-based glycosylated antitumor ether lipids for enhanced cytotoxic response	9
Development, biological evaluation, and molecular modelling of novel isocytosine and guanidine derivatives as BACE1 inhibitors using a fragment growing strategy	9
Identification of spirodioxolane nsP2 helicase inhibitors with antialphaviral activity	9
Enhanced skin penetration of curcumin by a nanoemulsion-embedded oligopeptide hydrogel for psoriasis topical therapy	9
Contents list	9
Inside front cover	9
Decoding the association of polycystic ovary syndrome with metabolic-associated fatty liver: insights into CK18 and LC3II/ATG7/P62 autophagy axis and adjunct therapeutics of metformin and levothyroxin	9
Mannich reaction mediated derivatization of chromones and their biological evaluations as putative multipotent ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease	9
Screening apelin analogues and a small molecule agonist as effective cardiovascular therapeutics against reperfusion injury	9
Targeting hexokinase 2 for cancer therapy: advances, limitations, and emerging opportunities in inhibitors and degraders	9
Probing pyrazolo-pyrimidines as SIRT2 inhibitors via molecular modelling and biological assays	9
Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluations of new cyclotriphosphazenes as safe drug candidates	9
Discovery of first-in-class PROTACs targeting maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) for the treatment of Burkitt lymphoma	9
Front cover	9
Benzenesulfonamide decorated dihydropyrimidin(thi)ones: carbonic anhydrase profiling and antiproliferative activity	9
Semisynthetic polymyxins with potent antibacterial activity and reduced kidney cell toxicity	9
Investigation of 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones as promising agents for reducing lipid accumulation in liver cells through AMPK activation: synthesis, in vitro	8
Phenylthiazoles with potent & optimum selectivity toward Clostridium difficile	8
Protective effects of atractylenolide III on diquat-induced hepatic injury via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition and autophagy enhancement in mice	8
Structural insights into the activity of carbapenemases: understanding the mechanism of action of current inhibitors and informing the design of new carbapenem adjuvants	8