Mining Metallurgy & Exploration

Papers
(The TQCC of Mining Metallurgy & Exploration is 2. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-11-01 to 2024-11-01.)
ArticleCitations
Experimental Study of Dynamic Mechanical Response and Energy Dissipation of Rock Having a Circular Opening Under Impact Loading24
An Integrated Entropy Weight and Grey Clustering Method–Based Evaluation to Improve Safety in Mines19
Prediction and Assessment of Rock Burst Using Various Meta-heuristic Approaches19
Controlling Coal Spontaneous Combustion Fire in Longwall Gob Using Comprehensive Methods—a Case Study18
An Overview of Conventional Tailings Dam Geotechnical Failure Mechanisms16
Decision Support System for the Prediction of Mine Fire Levels in Underground Coal Mining Using Machine Learning Approaches12
Aeromagnetic and Radiometric Data Interpretation to Delineate the Structural Elements and Probable Precambrian Mineralization Zones: a Case Study, Egypt12
Multidimensional Analysis of Coal Mine Safety Accidents in China – 70 Years Review12
Investigation of the Rockburst Mechanism of Driving Roadways in Close-Distance Coal Seam Mining Using Numerical Modeling Method11
Using LSTM and ARIMA to Simulate and Predict Limestone Price Variations10
Improvement of Working Conditions and Opinions of Mine Workers When Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) Are Used Instead of Diesel Machines — Results of Field Trial at the Kittilä Mine, Finland10
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) for Green Recycling of Wasted Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs): Progress on Pushing the Overall Efficiency10
Optimal Pitwall Shapes to Increase Financial Return and Decrease Carbon Footprint of Open Pit Mines9
Improving the Leaching Rate of Molybdenite Concentrate Using Oxidants by Adding Ethylene Glycol and Oxygen: Kinetic Study9
Applications of Wireless Indoor Positioning Systems and Technologies in Underground Mining: a Review9
Development of ANN-Based Universal Predictor for Prediction of Blast-Induced Vibration Indicators and its Performance Comparison with Existing Empirical Models9
Phase Transitions and Microstructural Changes During Oxidation and Reduction of a Weathered Ilmenite Concentrate9
Extending geometallurgy to the mine scale with hyperspectral imaging: a pilot study using drone- and ground-based scanning9
Enhanced Subsurface Subsidence Prediction Model Incorporating Key Strata Theory8
Modelling Global Nickel Mining, Supply, Recycling, Stocks-in-Use and Price Under Different Resources and Demand Assumptions for 1850–22008
Field Monitoring of Delayed Coal Burst in an Advancing Entry of a Deep Coal Mine7
The Potential of Modified Starches as Mineral Flotation Depressants7
Strategies for Recycling of Primary and Secondary Resources for Germanium Extraction7
Heat Stress in Underground Mines and its Control Measures: A Systematic Literature Review and Retrospective Analysis7
Rock Fragmentation Size Distribution Prediction and Blasting Parameter Optimization Based on the Muck-Pile Model7
Characterizing Coal Pillar Deformation and Air Leakage Pattern During Longwall Face Mining7
Characterization and Evaluation of Recycling Potential for Discarded Laptops6
Empirical Approach Based Estimation of Charge Factor and Dimensional Parameters in Underground Blasting6
Why Do Haul Truck Fatal Accidents Keep Occurring?6
An Experimental Review of the Physicochemical Properties of Copper Electrowinning Electrolytes6
Comparison of Sodium Oleate and Sodium Petroleum Sulfonate for Low-Temperature Flotation of Fluorite and the Collecting Mechanisms6
Analysis of Hydro-fracturing Technique Using Ultra-deep Boreholes for Coal Mining with Hard Roofs: a Case Study6
Predicting and Optimising the Strength of Cemented Paste Fills Through Bayesian Network Model6
Investigating the Slurry Fluidity and Strength Characteristics of Cemented Backfill and Strength Prediction Models by Developing Hybrid GA-SVR and PSO-SVR6
Performance Evaluation of Rockburst Prediction Based on PSO-SVM, HHO-SVM, and MFO-SVM Hybrid Models6
Predicting Index-Mechanical Properties of Igneous Rock Using Electrical Resistivity Method6
Investigations on the Influence of Applied Thrust on Rock Penetration Rate by a Raise Boring Machine Using Numerical Simulation and Experimental Trials5
Bringing the Entrepreneurial Mindset into Mining Engineering Education5
A Review on Environmental Concerns and Technological Innovations for the Valorization of Steel Industry Slag5
Thermal Runaway Pressures of Iron Phosphate Lithium-Ion Cells as a Function of Free Space Within Sealed Enclosures5
Investigation of Molybdenite Concentrate Roasting in Chamber and Rotary Furnaces5
Numerical Evaluation on Stress and Permeability Evolution of Overlying Coal Seams for Gas Drainage and Gas Disaster Elimination in Protective Layer Mining5
Performance of New Inorganic Retarding Sealing Material for Gas Drainage Boreholes5
Experimental and CFD Simulation Techniques for Coal Dust Explosibility: A Review5
Study of Straw Charcoal as Reductant in Co-reduction Roasting of Laterite Ore and Red Mud to Prepare Powdered Ferronickel5
The Behavior of Zinc and Iron in Neutralized Residue During Pressure Leaching5
Fracture Pattern of Overlying Strata in Multiple Coal Seam Mining in a Physical Model Vis-à-vis MATLAB Analysis and Geological Radar5
In Situ Assessment of the Effectiveness of an Undisturbed Single Driving Entry’s Relief Borehole in Coal Burst-prone Seam5
Relationship Between Capillary Water Absorption Value, Capillary Water Absorption Speed, and Capillary Rise Height in Pyroclastic Rocks4
Multi-response Optimization for Evaluating Output Responses in Rock Cutting Through Grey-Fuzzy-Coupled Taguchi Technique4
Study on the Occurrence of Rare Earth Elements in Coal Refuse Based on Sequential Chemical Extraction and Pearson Correlation Analysis4
A Numerical Modeling Approach for Assessment of Seepage Characteristics and Performance of Protective Water Barrier Pillars in Underground Coal Mines4
Spigot Design Modification to Alleviate Roping in Hydrocyclones4
Recycling of discarded photovoltaic solar modules for metal recovery4
Effect of MgO on Highly Basic Sinters with High Al2O34
Trace Elements Geochemistry of In Situ Regolith Materials and Their Implication on Gold Mineralization and Exploration Targeting, Dodoma Region, East Africa4
Identifying Risk Factors from MSHA Accidents and Injury Data Using Logistic Regression4
Utilization of Low Activity CFBC Ash in Cemented Paste Backfill Containing Phosphate Tailings4
Study on Roadway Fault Diagnosis of the Mine Ventilation System Based on Improved SVM4
Comparison of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Constituents Estimated using FTIR, TGA, and SEM–EDX4
Development of Low-cost Smelting Reduction Process Using Cupola Furnace for Efficient Use of Inferior Grade Manganese Ores and Rejects4
Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics in Longwall Goaf Materials4
Mining in the Newspapers: Local and Regional Media Representations of Mineral Exploration and Mining in Finland, Germany, and Spain4
Effect of Water on Mechanical Properties of Coal, Charge Induction, and Rockburst Hazard Prevention4
Value Addition to Ilmenite Using Carbonized Waste Coconut Shells: a Mechanochemical Approach Aided with Powdered Seashells as a Rate Raiser4
Research on the Explosion Effects and Fracturing Mechanism of Liquid Carbon Dioxide Blasting4
Weighted ensembles of artificial neural networks based on Gaussian mixture modeling for truck productivity prediction at open-pit mines4
Preface to the MME Special Focus Issue on Managing Gangue Minerals4
Development of Strategies to Reduce Ventilation and Heating Costs in a Swedish Sublevel Caving Mine—a Unique Case of LKAB’s Konsuln Mine4
The Critical Minerals Initiative of the US Geological Survey’s Mineral Deposit Database Project: USMIN4
On the Use of Machine Learning for Mineral Resource Classification4
A Parametric Study for the Effect of Dip on Stone Mine Pillar Stability Using a Simplified Model Geometry4
Orogenic Gold Mineralization Targeting of Alagbede Goldfield Southwestern Nigeria Using an Integrated Geophysical Approach4
Exploring the Differences in Safety Climate Among Mining Sectors4
Multi-objective Mathematical Programming Framework for Integrated Oil Sands Mine Planning and Tailings Disposal Optimization4
Time Series Modeling of Methane Gas in Underground Mines4
A New Workflow of X-ray CT Image Processing and Data Analysis of Structural Features in Rock Using Open-Source Software4
Moderate Cover Bleeder Entry and Standing Support Performance in a Longwall Mine: a Case Study4
Investigation of Explosion Hazard in Longwall Coal Mines by Combining CFD with a 1/40th-Scale Physical Model4
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) In Underground Coal Mines: a Literature Review and Practical Considerations4
Cementation of Copper on Zinc in Agitated Vessels Equipped with Perforated Baffles as Turbulence Promoters4
Analysis of SLAM-Based Lidar Data Quality Metrics for Geotechnical Underground Monitoring4
Respirable dust constituents and particle size: a case study in a thin-seam coal mine4
A Memory Cutting Method of Virtual Shearer Based on Shape Track Prediction of AFC4
A Laboratory Investigation of Underside Shield Sprays to Improve Dust Control of Longwall Water Spray Systems4
Thermal Transformation of Oxide and Hydroxide Minerals in Chromite and Manganese Ores3
Prediction of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration Using Principal Component Analysis–Based Classification and Logarithmic Regression Technique3
An Analytical Approach to Measure the Probable Overlapping of Holes Due to Scattering in Initiation System and Its Effect on Blast-Induced Ground Vibration in Surface Mines3
A Review of Copper and Nickel Extraction from Wastewater by Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM)3
Analysis of Mining Lost Time Incident Duration Influencing Factors Through Machine Learning3
Kinetic Study of Lithium Leaching from Sidoarjo Mud Using Sulfuric Acid3
Stability Assessment of Open Spans in Underground Entry-Type Excavations by Focusing on Data Mining Methods3
Development of a Real-Time Respirable Coal Dust and Silica Dust Monitoring Instrument Based on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy3
A New Approach for Hang-Up Prediction in Block Caving Mines Based on Drawbell Geometry and Vertical Stress3
Strata Stability Investigation and Convergence Monitoring (SSICM) in Thick-Seam Depillaring with Caving by Cable Bolting Method3
A Fuzzy Control Method Based on Rule Extraction for Zinc Leaching Process of Zinc Hydrometallurgy3
Exploration of Limestone Pillar Stability in Multiple-Level Mining Conditions Using Numerical Models3
Synergistic Extraction and Separation of Cobalt and Lithium Using D2EHPA and CYANEX 2723
A Stability Classification System for the Dragline Dump Slope3
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Siderite Ore during Magnetization Roasting3
Flotation Tendency Assessment Through DOE: Case of Low-Grade Moroccan Phosphate Ore3
Estimation of Specific Energy and Evaluation of Roadheader Performance Using Rock Properties and Bond Work Index3
The Necessity for Improved Hand and Finger Protection in Mining3
An Overview of Existing EMI Standards Applicable to Mining3
Eco-Friendly Collectors for Flotation of Fine Hematite and Malachite Particles3
Study on the Guiding Mechanism of Multiple and Empty Holes Under Explosion Load3
Additives in Selective Reduction of Lateritic Nickel Ores: Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Carbonate, and Sodium Chloride3
Investigation of Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss of Underground Coal Mines3
Attenuation of Mechanical Vibration During Transmission to Human Body Through Mining Vehicle Seats3
On the Occurrence and Persistence of Coal-Mineral Microagglomerates in Respirable Coal Mine Dust3
Examining the Effect of Natural Fractures on Stone Mine Pillar Strength Through Synthetic Rock Mass Approach3
Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment and Leaching Kinetics of Silicon from Laterite Nickel Ore3
Oxidation of Pyrite Using Ozone Micro-Nano Bubbles3
A Novel Sintering Process for Porous Iron Ore Sintering with Enhanced Productivity3
A High-Precision Road Network Construction Method Based on Deep Learning for Unmanned Vehicle in Open Pit3
Study on Oxidation Kinetics and Mechanism of Copper Slag Under Non-isothermal Conditions3
Fundamentals and Applications of Green Modifiers for Froth Flotation3
Roof Stability and Support Strategies Associated with Longwall-induced Horizontal Stress Changes in Belt Entries3
Selective Flotation of Quartz from Hematite by Amide-Amine: Fundamental Studies3
Monitoring of Multiple-level Stress Interaction at Two Underground Limestone Mines3
Developing an Evaluation Model for Economic Feasibility Analysis of Using Mechanical Boring Machines (TBM vs Roadheader) in one of the Largest Coal Reserves in Iran3
A Simple Unsupervised Classification Workflow for Defining Geological Domains Using Multivariate Data3
Study on Mining Pressure Law and Pressure Relief Control under Influence of Key Layer3
Diit Quaternary Stream Sediments, Southern Coast of the Red Sea, Egypt: Potential Source of Ilmenite, Magnetite, Zircon, and Other Economic Heavy Minerals3
Explosion Wave Pressure Distributions and Response Characteristics of Mine Seal Under the Complex Roadway Pattern3
The Reprocessing and Revalorization of Critical Minerals in Mine Tailings3
The Modeling and Optimization of Iron Removal from Silica Sand Under Ultrasound-Assisted Leaching by Response Surface Methodology3
The Plewes Method: a Word of Caution3
Numerical Simulation Study on Mechanism of Roof Directional Breaking in Gob-Side Entry Formed Automatically Without Coal Pillars3
Estimation of Reaction Heat in Ti-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag—Sulfuric Acid System Based on Mechanical Mixture Model3
Kinetics of Carbon Oxidation During Induration of Hematite Ore Pellet3
Kinetic Study of Copper and Cobalt Dissolution from Sulfidic Ores in Sulfate–chloride Media3
Characteristics Evaluation and High Effective Utilization of Limonite Ores in Sintering Process3
Monitoring of Subsidence Over a Continuous Miner-Based Coal Mine Caving Panels Using PS-InSAR Technique3
Separation and Recovery of Vanadium, Nickel, and Aluminum from Acid Leaching Solution of Spent Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst by a Solvent Extraction-Oxalic Acid Precipitation Process3
Applications of Fuzzy Theory-Based Approaches in Tunnelling Geomechanics: a State-of-the-Art Review3
A Review of Current Scheduling and Design Practices in the Powder River Basin2
Effect of Surface Deposition Coating with Aluminum Hydroxide on the Stabilization of Iron–Arsenic Precipitates2
Analysis of the Impacts of Mining Sequence and Overburden Depth on Stability at a Dipping Limestone Mine2
Hydraulic Shovel Digging Phase Simulation and Force Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques2
Large-Scale Explosion Propagation Testing of Treated and Non-treated Rock Dust When Overlain by a Thin Layer of Coal Dust2
Numerical Study of Pillars Behavior in Continuous Miner Depillaring Panel: A Case Study2
Concentrating PGM from a PGM-Containing Ferroalloy by a Roast-Leach Process2
Prediction of Three-Dimensional Fractal Dimension of Hematite Flocs Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Optimized Back Propagation Neural Network2
A Precipitation-Adsorption Technique for the Removal of Fluoride and Phosphate in Phosphogypsum: an Economical and Green Method2
Study on Optimization of Stope Structure Parameters for Steeply Inclined Medium-thick Broken Ore Bodies2
Prediction Model for Safe Width of Rock Mass Preventing Water Inrush from Fault in Excavation Roadway and Influencing Factors Analysis: a Case Study of the Xintian Coal Mine2
Floor Failure Characteristics of Thick Coal Seam Mining Above Confined Aquifer2
Trace Element Content and Partition in Apatite Group Minerals in Phosphate Ore from Catalão, Brazil2
Research on Gold Leaching from a Refractory Gold Concentrate in Copper-Malic Acid-Thiosulfate Solutions2
Evaluation on Underground Refuge Alternatives and Explosion Survivability: a Review2
A Framework for RQD Calculation Based on Deep Learning2
A Hydrometallurgical Approach to Produce Nano-ZnO from Electrical Arc Furnace Dusts2
A Review of Recent Advances in Pyrometallurgical Process Measurement and Modeling, and Their Applications to Process Improvement2
Assessment of Floor Heave Associated with Bumps in a Longwall Mine Using the Discrete Element Method2
Optimization Process of the Refractory Gold Ore Extraction by Hypochlorite Oxidative Leaching2
Investigation of Work Accidents in Underground and Surface Coal Mining Activities of Western Lignite Corporation by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)2
Mechanical Behaviour and Liquefaction Susceptibility of Tailings: A Case of Gold Tailings2
Assessing the Extractability of Rare Earth Elements from Coal Preparation Fines Refuse Using an Organic Acid Lixiviant2
Sustainable Utilization of GCP Sludge as a Reductant in the Reduction Roasting of Low-Grade Manganese Ore to Recover Mn and Fe Values2
X-ray Computed Tomography Evaluation of Crushed Copper Sulfide Ore for Pre-concentration by Ore Sorting2
Fire Size and Response Time Predictions in Underground Coal Mines Using Neural Networks2
Tailings Transport System Design Using Probabilistic Methods2
DEM Analysis of the Effect of Lamination Properties on the Stability of an Underground Coal Mine Entry with Laminated Shale Roof2
Study on Stability Analysis and Treatment of Underground Goaf in Metal Mine2
Occurrences, Distribution, and Evaluation of Manganese Ores in Banswara Manganese Ore Belt, Banswara District (Rajasthan), India2
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modeling of Haul Road Response to Ultra-Large Dump Truck Dynamic Loading2
Dewatering of Mine Waste Using Geotextile Tubes2
Deformation Mechanism and Control Technology of Coal Roadway with Thin Sand-mudstone Interbed Roof2
Automated Discontinuity Extraction Software Versus Manual Virtual Discontinuity Mapping: Performance Evaluation in Rock Mass Characterization and Rockfall Hazard Identification2
Exploration and Improvement of Fuzzy Evaluation Model for Rockburst2
Cable Disc Elevator: Static Friction Investigation2
Optimization of Airflow Distribution in Mine Ventilation Networks Using the Modified Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm2
Prediction of Froth Flotation Performance Using Convolutional Neural Networks2
Verification and Implementation of a Creep Model Considering the Duvaut-Lion Overstress Function2
A Novel Approach for Separation and Recovery of Titanium, Scandium, Iron from Acidic Wastewater and Red Gypsum Utilization2
Development and Evaluation of a UWB-Based Indoor Positioning System for Underground Mine Environments2
Evolution Regularity and Control Technology of Coal Face Rupture Induced by The movement of Overlying Strata Under the Influence of Mining2
Rare Earth Element Deposits and Their Prospects in the Democratic Republic of Congo2
Deep-sea Mineral Resource Mining: A Historical Review, Developmental Progress, and Insights2
Stability and Sealing of Abandoned Roadways Under High Internal Pressure2
Response Surface Method Optimization to Improve Copper Extraction from Refractory Copper Oxide Ore2
Studies on the Impact of Seam Gas Composition on Proactive Goaf Inertization Strategies for Spontaneous Combustion Management—a Computational Modeling Approach2
The Extraction of Silica from Nickel Laterite Ore by Alkaline Hydrothermal Process2
Evaluation of Carbon Monoxide and Smoke Sensors at a Low Ventilation Velocity2
Optimization of the Flotation of Low-Grade Phosphate Ore Using DOE: a Comparative Evaluation of Fatty Acid Formulation to Sodium Oleate2
Research on Failure Mechanism and Stability Control Technology of Dynamic Pressure Roadway in Ultra-Thick Coal Seams Under a High Depth of Cover2
Rare Earth Elements Distribution During Phosphoric Acid Production2
Numerical Simulation of Fluid–Solid Coupling Heat Transfer in Excavation Roadway2
Stochastic modeling of iron in coal seams using two-point and multiple-point geostatistics: A case study2
Flow Characteristics of Fresh Cemented Paste Backfill Containing Flocculant under Variable Shear Rate Based on Water Migration2
A New Approach to Selectively Reject Naturally Hydrophobic Gangue in the Flotation of Base Metal Sulphide Minerals2
The Effect of Trapped Fumes on Clearance Time in Underground Development Blasting2
Mechanical Model and Engineering Measurement Analysis of Structural Stability of Key Aquiclude Strata2
Geomechanical Model Experiment Research on the Automatically Formed Roadway Without Pillars in a Kilometer-Deep Coal Mine2
Selective Recovery of Manganese from Low-Grade Ferruginous Manganese Ores Through SO2 Leaching2
Creep Damage Model for Rockburst at Mufulira Mine in Zambia2
Investigating Strength Anisotropy of Plain and Steel Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete2
Numerical Simulation of Gravity Flow in Sublevel Caving Based on Polyhedron DEM2
A Discrete Event Simulation and Data-Based Framework for Equipment Performance Evaluation in Underground Coal Mining2
Experimental Assessment of an Analytical Model of the Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient in a Mine Gallery2
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of a Methane Gas Explosion in a Full-Scale, Underground Longwall Coal Mine2
Evaluation of the Long-Term Contaminated Neutral Drainage CND Generation Potential of Waste Rock Piles at the Abandoned Zn-Pb Erdouz Mine (Occidental High Atlas, Morocco)2
An Exploratory Investigation on the Effectiveness of a Novel Vibration-Enhanced Flooded-Bed Dust Scrubber2
Hot Surface Ignition of Liquid Fuels Under Ventilation2
Modified Design of Pillar Based on Estimated Stresses and Strength of Pillar in an Underground Limestone Mine2
Out of the Comfort Zone: Quantifying Country Risk for Foreign Mining Project Investment Feasibilities2
Selectively Depress Copper-Activated Pyrite in Copper Flotation at Slightly Alkaline pH2
Thermal Decomposition of Mica Scrap for Potash Recovery Using Carbide Lime Waste and Sodium Chloride2
Machine Learning Prediction of the Load Evolution in Three-Point Bending Tests of Marble2
Recycling for Recovery of Critical Metals from LiCoO2 Cathode Material Through Methanesulfonic Acid-Citric Acid Organic Leaching System2
Results of an Opioid Hazard Awareness Training Intervention for Stone, Sand, and Gravel Miners2
Scaling and Flow Similarity Considerations to Develop a 1/40th Scale Aerodynamic Model of a Longwall Coal Mine for Methane Hazards Investigation2
Effect of Roasting Temperature on the Leaching of Chalcopyrite Concentrate in Sulphuric Acid2
A Discrete Fracture Network Model for Prediction of Longwall-Induced Permeability2
Numerical Modeling and Onsite Detection Analysis of Upward Mining Feasibility of Residual Coal from Multi-Gobs in Close-Multiple Coal Seams2
Selective Carbothermic Reduction and Smelting (SCRS) Process for Beneficiation of Low-grade Iron-manganese Mineral Deposits2
The Mercer Clay in Pennsylvania as a Polymetallic Mineral Resource: Review and Update2
Mechanism of Mechanical Entrainment in Chalcopyrite Flotation: Effects of Clay Minerals2
Stability Mechanism and Control Technology for Fully Mechanized Caving Mining of Steeply Inclined Extra-Thick Seams with Variable Angles2
Overburden Stress Arch Elevation Effect Induced by Roof Cutting and Destress Technique in Coal Mine Longwall Panel and Its Control Mechanism to Entry Surrounding Rock2
Efficient Recovery of Niobium and Tantalum from Ferrocolumbium Tantalum by a Continuous Leaching Process Using HF − H2SO4 − HNO3 Synergistic System2
Influence of Coal Pillars on the Stress and Permeability of Mining-Disturbed Coal Seams for CBM Drainage2
Measurement of Thermal Conductivity of Sandstone Using Lee’s Apparatus: A Case Study2
Identifying Longwall-Induced Fracture Zone Height Through Core Drilling2
Recovery of Metallic Values from Feldspar by Mechanical and Thermal Pretreatment Followed by Acid Leaching2
Optimization of Blast Design Parameter for Ring Blasting in Underground Hard Rock Mine Using Numerical Simulation2
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