npj Digital Medicine

Article	Citations
The future of digital health with federated learning	896
The state of artificial intelligence-based FDA-approved medical devices and algorithms: an online database	520
Deep learning-enabled medical computer vision	463
Machine learning-based prediction of COVID-19 diagnosis based on symptoms	315
Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis	291
Fusion of medical imaging and electronic health records using deep learning: a systematic review and implementation guidelines	261
Med-BERT: pretrained contextualized embeddings on large-scale structured electronic health records for disease prediction	245
Verification, analytical validation, and clinical validation (V3): the foundation of determining fit-for-purpose for Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs)	230
Sex and gender differences and biases in artificial intelligence for biomedicine and healthcare	216
Digital inclusion as a social determinant of health	202
Machine learning for medical imaging: methodological failures and recommendations for the future	188
A short guide for medical professionals in the era of artificial intelligence	177
Digitizing clinical trials	176
Chatbots in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic	175
Do as AI say: susceptibility in deployment of clinical decision-aids	163
Challenges for the evaluation of digital health solutions—A call for innovative evidence generation approaches	159
Applications of digital health for public health responses to COVID-19: a systematic scoping review of artificial intelligence, telehealth and related technologies	158
Guidelines and quality criteria for artificial intelligence-based prediction models in healthcare: a scoping review	146
The emerging clinical role of wearables: factors for successful implementation in healthcare	143
Second opinion needed: communicating uncertainty in medical machine learning	143
A large language model for electronic health records	141
Assessment of physiological signs associated with COVID-19 measured using wearable devices	141
Federated deep learning for detecting COVID-19 lung abnormalities in CT: a privacy-preserving multinational validation study	136
Comparing scientific abstracts generated by ChatGPT to real abstracts with detectors and blinded human reviewers	133
Automated abnormality classification of chest radiographs using deep convolutional neural networks	129

Guidelines for wrist-worn consumer wearable assessment of heart rate in biobehavioral research	127
U-Sleep: resilient high-frequency sleep staging	120
Patient apprehensions about the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare	120
The imperative for regulatory oversight of large language models (or generative AI) in healthcare	118
The need for a system view to regulate artificial intelligence/machine learning-based software as medical device	116
Considering the possibilities and pitfalls of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) in healthcare delivery	115
A framework for digital health equity	112
International electronic health record-derived COVID-19 clinical course profiles: the 4CE consortium	110
Germany’s digital health reforms in the COVID-19 era: lessons and opportunities for other countries	107
Predictably unequal: understanding and addressing concerns that algorithmic clinical prediction may increase health disparities	106
Digital medicine and the curse of dimensionality	105
What do medical students actually need to know about artificial intelligence?	98
Comparing machine learning algorithms for predicting ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19	95
Interpretable survival prediction for colorectal cancer using deep learning	93
Developing a delivery science for artificial intelligence in healthcare	93
Multimodal machine learning in precision health: A scoping review	90
Natural language processing applied to mental illness detection: a narrative review	90
Generating high-fidelity synthetic patient data for assessing machine learning healthcare software	89
Deep representation learning of electronic health records to unlock patient stratification at scale	88
The potential of artificial intelligence to improve patient safety: a scoping review	87
Readiness for voice assistants to support healthcare delivery during a health crisis and pandemic	86
Actionable health app evaluation: translating expert frameworks into objective metrics	84
Tracking COVID-19 using online search	83
A systematic review of smartphone-based human activity recognition methods for health research	82
Characteristics and challenges of the clinical pipeline of digital therapeutics	82
A machine learning approach predicts future risk to suicidal ideation from social media data	82
Clinical artificial intelligence quality improvement: towards continual monitoring and updating of AI algorithms in healthcare	81
An artificial intelligence system for predicting the deterioration of COVID-19 patients in the emergency department	81
Predicting COVID-19 mortality with electronic medical records	81
Deploying digital health tools within large, complex health systems: key considerations for adoption and implementation	80
Digital oximetry biomarkers for assessing respiratory function: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use	79
Smartphone apps for depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of techniques to increase engagement	76
Preventive digital mental health interventions for children and young people: a review of the design and reporting of research	74
Machine learning for patient risk stratification: standing on, or looking over, the shoulders of clinicians?	71
Digital health tools for the passive monitoring of depression: a systematic review of methods	70
Translating evidence into practice: eligibility criteria fail to eliminate clinically significant differences between real-world and study populations	70
Wearable radio-frequency sensing of respiratory rate, respiratory volume, and heart rate	66
CovidCTNet: an open-source deep learning approach to diagnose covid-19 using small cohort of CT images	66
Deep learning-enabled point-of-care sensing using multiplexed paper-based sensors	66
CheXaid: deep learning assistance for physician diagnosis of tuberculosis using chest x-rays in patients with HIV	66
Privacy protections to encourage use of health-relevant digital data in a learning health system	65
The health digital twin to tackle cardiovascular disease—a review of an emerging interdisciplinary field	65
A pragmatic randomized waitlist-controlled effectiveness and cost-effectiveness trial of digital interventions for depression and anxiety	64
Deep-learning-based real-time prediction of acute kidney injury outperforms human predictive performance	64
Estimating the efficacy of symptom-based screening for COVID-19	62
Digital health interventions in palliative care: a systematic meta-review	62
Harnessing consumer smartphone and wearable sensors for clinical cancer research	62
Multi-task deep learning for cardiac rhythm detection in wearable devices	61
Cultural adaptation of internet- and mobile-based interventions for mental disorders: a systematic review	60
Human–machine teaming is key to AI adoption: clinicians’ experiences with a deployed machine learning system	60

PENet—a scalable deep-learning model for automated diagnosis of pulmonary embolism using volumetric CT imaging	59
Assessment of a deep-learning system for fracture detection in musculoskeletal radiographs	59
Quantifying the use of connected digital products in clinical research	59
Deep learning for automated sleep staging using instantaneous heart rate	57
COVID-19 information retrieval with deep-learning based semantic search, question answering, and abstractive summarization	57
Enabling precision rehabilitation interventions using wearable sensors and machine learning to track motor recovery	57
Digital biomarkers: Convergence of digital health technologies and biomarkers	57
Artificial intelligence for the diagnosis of heart failure	56
Automated coronary calcium scoring using deep learning with multicenter external validation	56
Privacy-first health research with federated learning	56
The potential use of digital health technologies in the African context: a systematic review of evidence from Ethiopia	55
Automated screening of sickle cells using a smartphone-based microscope and deep learning	55
Accurate diagnosis of lymphoma on whole-slide histopathology images using deep learning	54
Characterizing physiological and symptomatic variation in menstrual cycles using self-tracked mobile-health data	53
Outcome measures based on digital health technology sensor data: data- and patient-centric approaches	52
Health digital twins as tools for precision medicine: Considerations for computation, implementation, and regulation	52
Explainable medical imaging AI needs human-centered design: guidelines and evidence from a systematic review	52
Leveraging artificial intelligence for pandemic preparedness and response: a scoping review to identify key use cases	51
Predicting adverse outcomes due to diabetes complications with machine learning using administrative health data	50
Health app policy: international comparison of nine countries’ approaches	50
Development and validation of a reinforcement learning algorithm to dynamically optimize mechanical ventilation in critical care	50
Machine learning and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk prediction in a multi-ethnic population	50
The effects of seasons and weather on sleep patterns measured through longitudinal multimodal sensing	49
Clinical impact and quality of randomized controlled trials involving interventions evaluating artificial intelligence prediction tools: a systematic review	49
Modeling the effect of exposure notification and non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 transmission in Washington state	49
Walking on common ground: a cross-disciplinary scoping review on the clinical utility of digital mobility outcomes	49
A deep transfer learning approach for wearable sleep stage classification with photoplethysmography	49
Deep transfer learning and data augmentation improve glucose levels prediction in type 2 diabetes patients	49
A validated, real-time prediction model for favorable outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients	49
Digital advantage in the COVID-19 response: perspective from Canada’s largest integrated digitalized healthcare system	48
Opportunities and counterintuitive challenges for decentralized clinical trials to broaden participant inclusion	47
A digital embrace to blunt the curve of COVID19 pandemic	47
Machine learning for technical skill assessment in surgery: a systematic review	47
Passive detection of COVID-19 with wearable sensors and explainable machine learning algorithms	47
Aggregating multiple real-world data sources using a patient-centered health-data-sharing platform	47
Sounds of COVID-19: exploring realistic performance of audio-based digital testing	46
Self-supervised learning for medical image classification: a systematic review and implementation guidelines	46
Integrated multimodal artificial intelligence framework for healthcare applications	45
A digital health intervention for cardiovascular disease management in primary care (CONNECT) randomized controlled trial	45
Machine learning in vascular surgery: a systematic review and critical appraisal	45
Co-evolution of machine learning and digital technologies to improve monitoring of Parkinson’s disease motor symptoms	45
The diagnostic and triage accuracy of digital and online symptom checker tools: a systematic review	44
Deep learning in image-based breast and cervical cancer detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis	44
Building digital twins of the human immune system: toward a roadmap	44
Digital public health surveillance: a systematic scoping review	43
Health-focused conversational agents in person-centered care: a review of apps	43
WHO Digital Health Guidelines: a milestone for global health	42
Development and validation of an interpretable neural network for prediction of postoperative in-hospital mortality	42
Response To: Investigating sources of inaccuracy in wearable optical heart rate sensors	41
Design and testing of a mobile health application rating tool	40
Implementation of a multisite, interdisciplinary remote patient monitoring program for ambulatory management of patients with COVID-19	40
Medical records-based chronic kidney disease phenotype for clinical care and “big data” observational and genetic studies	40
Day-to-day variability in sleep parameters and depression risk: a prospective cohort study of training physicians	40
The Project Baseline Health Study: a step towards a broader mission to map human health	39
Assessing the quality of mobile applications in chronic disease management: a scoping review	38
Evaluation of biases in remote photoplethysmography methods	38
Spatial immune profiling of the colorectal tumor microenvironment predicts good outcome in stage II patients	38
A digital health industry cohort across the health continuum	38
Artificial intelligence to improve back pain outcomes and lessons learnt from clinical classification approaches: three systematic reviews	37
Artificial intelligence for strengthening healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review	37
Protected Health Information filter (Philter): accurately and securely de-identifying free-text clinical notes	37
Development and validation of a deep neural network model to predict postoperative mortality, acute kidney injury, and reintubation using a single feature set	37
A randomised controlled feasibility trial of E-health application supported care vs usual care after exacerbation of COPD: the RESCUE trial	37
Artificial intelligence sepsis prediction algorithm learns to say “I don’t know”	36
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Facial expressions can detect Parkinson’s disease: preliminary evidence from videos collected online	35
A reimbursement framework for artificial intelligence in healthcare	35
Advancing digital health: FDA innovation during COVID-19	35
Machine learning generalizability across healthcare settings: insights from multi-site COVID-19 screening	35
Weak supervision as an efficient approach for automated seizure detection in electroencephalography	35
Prostate cancer therapy personalization via multi-modal deep learning on randomized phase III clinical trials	34
Can extended reality in the metaverse revolutionise health communication?	34
Personalized predictions of patient outcomes during and after hospitalization using artificial intelligence	34
Measuring the effect of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) on mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic using global mobility data	34
Explainable artificial intelligence for mental health through transparency and interpretability for understandability	33
Push Button Population Health: The SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access Application Programming Interface	33
Digital approaches to enhancing community engagement in clinical trials	33
Imputation of missing values for electronic health record laboratory data	33
Regulatory considerations to keep pace with innovation in digital health products	33
Development and clinical deployment of a smartphone-based visual field deep learning system for glaucoma detection	32
Low-count whole-body PET with deep learning in a multicenter and externally validated study	32

Deep COVID DeteCT: an international experience on COVID-19 lung detection and prognosis using chest CT	32
Measurement of respiratory rate using wearable devices and applications to COVID-19 detection	32
Best practices for authors of healthcare-related artificial intelligence manuscripts	32
Mobile health strategies for blood pressure self-management in urban populations with digital barriers: systematic review and meta-analyses	32
Medical domain knowledge in domain-agnostic generative AI	31
Evaluation of an augmented reality platform for austere surgical telementoring: a randomized controlled crossover study in cricothyroidotomies	31
Non-invasive diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis from ultrasound imaging with machine learning	31
Computer vision in surgery: from potential to clinical value	31
Generation and evaluation of artificial mental health records for Natural Language Processing	31
Empowering clinical research in a decentralized world	31
Virtual exam for Parkinson’s disease enables frequent and reliable remote measurements of motor function	31
Predicting risk of late age-related macular degeneration using deep learning	31
Machine-learning-based prediction models for high-need high-cost patients using nationwide clinical and claims data	30
Assessing the accuracy of automatic speech recognition for psychotherapy	30
Smartphone-based digital phenotyping for dry eye toward P4 medicine: a crowdsourced cross-sectional study	30
Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based medical device for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder	30
Mobile devices and wearable technology for measuring patient outcomes after surgery: a systematic review	30
Yet Another Automated Gleason Grading System (YAAGGS) by weakly supervised deep learning	30
Effectiveness of a digital therapeutic as adjunct to treatment with medication in pediatric ADHD	29
Remote diagnosis of surgical-site infection using a mobile digital intervention: a randomised controlled trial in emergency surgery patients	29
The digital scribe in clinical practice: a scoping review and research agenda	29
Handling missing MRI sequences in deep learning segmentation of brain metastases: a multicenter study	29
Fast and noninvasive electronic nose for sniffing out COVID-19 based on exhaled breath-print recognition	29
A data-driven framework for selecting and validating digital health metrics: use-case in neurological sensorimotor impairments	29
Cohort design and natural language processing to reduce bias in electronic health records research	28
Engineering digital biomarkers of interstitial glucose from noninvasive smartwatches	28
Smartphone-based symbol-digit modalities test reliably captures brain damage in multiple sclerosis	28
A Delphi consensus statement for digital surgery	28
The shaky foundations of large language models and foundation models for electronic health records	27
Digital therapeutics from bench to bedside	27
Quality assessment standards in artificial intelligence diagnostic accuracy systematic reviews: a meta-research study	27
Paying for artificial intelligence in medicine	27
AI in the hands of imperfect users	27
Belief of having had unconfirmed Covid-19 infection reduces willingness to participate in app-based contact tracing	26
Backslide or forward progress? Virtual care at U.S. healthcare systems beyond the COVID-19 pandemic	26
Stress testing reveals gaps in clinic readiness of image-based diagnostic artificial intelligence models	26
Age and environment-related differences in gait in healthy adults using wearables	26
The promise of machine learning applications in solid organ transplantation	26
Inclusive innovation in telehealth	26
The Framing of machine learning risk prediction models illustrated by evaluation of sepsis in general wards	26
Evaluating large language models on medical evidence summarization	26
Development of a multivariable prediction model for severe COVID-19 disease: a population-based study from Hong Kong	26
Enhancing self-management in type 1 diabetes with wearables and deep learning	25
Early detection and tracking of bulbar changes in ALS via frequent and remote speech analysis	25
Wearable fitness tracker use in federally qualified health center patients: strategies to improve the health of all of us using digital health devices	25
Broadening the reach of the FDA Sentinel system: A roadmap for integrating electronic health record data in a causal analysis framework	25
AI-doscopist: a real-time deep-learning-based algorithm for localising polyps in colonoscopy videos with edge computing devices	25
Bias in AI-based models for medical applications: challenges and mitigation strategies	25
Development features and study characteristics of mobile health apps in the management of chronic conditions: a systematic review of randomised trials	25
Ensemble learning predicts multiple sclerosis disease course in the SUMMIT study	25
A hierarchical expert-guided machine learning framework for clinical decision support systems: an application to traumatic brain injury prognostication	25
A systematic review of digital and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy for depression	24
Inter-individual variation in objective measure of reactogenicity following COVID-19 vaccination via smartwatches and fitness bands	24
Using a Digital Neuro Signature to measure longitudinal individual-level change in Alzheimer’s disease: the Altoida large cohort study	24
Point-of-care artificial intelligence-enabled ECG for dyskalemia: a retrospective cohort analysis for accuracy and outcome prediction	24
Forecasting adverse surgical events using self-supervised transfer learning for physiological signals	24
Evidence from ClinicalTrials.gov on the growth of Digital Health Technologies in neurology trials	24
Virtual care models for cancer survivorship	24
An integrative review on the acceptance of artificial intelligence among healthcare professionals in hospitals	24
Covid-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle length in the Apple Women’s Health Study	24
Unleashing the potential of digital pathology data by training computer-aided diagnosis models without human annotations	23
Risk estimation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from bluetooth low energy measurements	23
Large language models propagate race-based medicine	23
Soft skin-interfaced mechano-acoustic sensors for real-time monitoring and patient feedback on respiratory and swallowing biomechanics	23
Clinical outcomes of digital sensor alerting systems in remote monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis	22
Using digital surveillance tools for near real-time mapping of the risk of infectious disease spread	22
Crowdsourcing digital health measures to predict Parkinson’s disease severity: the Parkinson’s Disease Digital Biomarker DREAM Challenge	22
An automated COVID-19 triage pipeline using artificial intelligence based on chest radiographs and clinical data	22
Differential effects of the blood pressure state on pulse rate variability and heart rate variability in critically ill patients	22
AI-based analysis of CT images for rapid triage of COVID-19 patients	22
Identifying major impact factors affecting the continuance intention of mHealth: a systematic review and multi-subgroup meta-analysis	21
The language of crisis: spatiotemporal effects of COVID-19 pandemic dynamics on health crisis communications by political leaders	21
Early prediction of diagnostic-related groups and estimation of hospital cost by processing clinical notes	21
Telephone, video, equity and access in virtual care	21
Computer-aided interpretation of chest radiography reveals the spectrum of tuberculosis in rural South Africa	21
Trait-like nocturnal sleep behavior identified by combining wearable, phone-use, and self-report data	21
DeePaN: deep patient graph convolutional network integrating clinico-genomic evidence to stratify lung cancers for immunotherapy	21
Clinical knowledge extraction via sparse embedding regression (KESER) with multi-center large scale electronic health record data	21
Automatic multilabel detection of ICD10 codes in Dutch cardiology discharge letters using neural networks	20
Mobile app validation: a digital health scorecard approach	20
Rapid crowdsourced innovation for COVID-19 response and economic growth	20
Artificial intelligence to detect malignant eyelid tumors from photographic images	20
Learning endometriosis phenotypes from patient-generated data	20
Smartphone camera based assessment of adiposity: a validation study	20
Improving the repeatability of deep learning models with Monte Carlo dropout	20
Development of digital measures for nighttime scratch and sleep using wrist-worn wearable devices	20
A vital sign-based prediction algorithm for differentiating COVID-19 versus seasonal influenza in hospitalized patients	20
Simulating SARS-CoV-2 epidemics by region-specific variables and modeling contact tracing app containment	20
Sweat monitoring beneath garments using passive, wireless resonant sensors interfaced with laser-ablated microfluidics	20
Artificial intelligence manages congenital cataract with individualized prediction and telehealth computing	20
Internet search patterns reveal clinical course of COVID-19 disease progression and pandemic spread across 32 countries	19
A hierarchical deep learning approach with transparency and interpretability based on small samples for glaucoma diagnosis	19
Building resilient medical technology supply chains with a software bill of materials	19
Patient-specific COVID-19 resource utilization prediction using fusion AI model	19
Mapping each pre-existing condition’s association to short-term and long-term COVID-19 complications	19