npj Digital Medicine

Article	Citations
Deep learning-enabled medical computer vision	609
Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning in medical imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis	380
Machine learning-based prediction of COVID-19 diagnosis based on symptoms	352
Med-BERT: pretrained contextualized embeddings on large-scale structured electronic health records for disease prediction	331
The imperative for regulatory oversight of large language models (or generative AI) in healthcare	283
A large language model for electronic health records	266
Machine learning for medical imaging: methodological failures and recommendations for the future	265
Digital inclusion as a social determinant of health	250
Comparing scientific abstracts generated by ChatGPT to real abstracts with detectors and blinded human reviewers	230
Guidelines and quality criteria for artificial intelligence-based prediction models in healthcare: a scoping review	195
Do as AI say: susceptibility in deployment of clinical decision-aids	191
Applications of digital health for public health responses to COVID-19: a systematic scoping review of artificial intelligence, telehealth and related technologies	179
The emerging clinical role of wearables: factors for successful implementation in healthcare	176
Second opinion needed: communicating uncertainty in medical machine learning	174
A framework for digital health equity	173
Assessment of physiological signs associated with COVID-19 measured using wearable devices	158
U-Sleep: resilient high-frequency sleep staging	157
Patient apprehensions about the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare	156
Federated deep learning for detecting COVID-19 lung abnormalities in CT: a privacy-preserving multinational validation study	151
Considering the possibilities and pitfalls of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) in healthcare delivery	149
Natural language processing applied to mental illness detection: a narrative review	139
Digital medicine and the curse of dimensionality	139
Multimodal machine learning in precision health: A scoping review	130
Clinical artificial intelligence quality improvement: towards continual monitoring and updating of AI algorithms in healthcare	121
Interpretable survival prediction for colorectal cancer using deep learning	120

The potential of artificial intelligence to improve patient safety: a scoping review	114
Generating high-fidelity synthetic patient data for assessing machine learning healthcare software	104
Comparing machine learning algorithms for predicting ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19	102
A systematic review of smartphone-based human activity recognition methods for health research	101
Digital health tools for the passive monitoring of depression: a systematic review of methods	100
Deploying digital health tools within large, complex health systems: key considerations for adoption and implementation	98
The health digital twin to tackle cardiovascular disease—a review of an emerging interdisciplinary field	97
Smartphone apps for depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of techniques to increase engagement	96
Tracking COVID-19 using online search	94
Characteristics and challenges of the clinical pipeline of digital therapeutics	93
An artificial intelligence system for predicting the deterioration of COVID-19 patients in the emergency department	93
Cultural adaptation of internet- and mobile-based interventions for mental disorders: a systematic review	88
Human–machine teaming is key to AI adoption: clinicians’ experiences with a deployed machine learning system	88
Self-supervised learning for medical image classification: a systematic review and implementation guidelines	87
Predicting COVID-19 mortality with electronic medical records	86
Health digital twins as tools for precision medicine: Considerations for computation, implementation, and regulation	85
The shaky foundations of large language models and foundation models for electronic health records	84
Digital oximetry biomarkers for assessing respiratory function: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use	83
Privacy protections to encourage use of health-relevant digital data in a learning health system	83
Digital biomarkers: Convergence of digital health technologies and biomarkers	80
Machine learning for patient risk stratification: standing on, or looking over, the shoulders of clinicians?	80
Evaluating large language models on medical evidence summarization	80
Large language models propagate race-based medicine	79
Explainable medical imaging AI needs human-centered design: guidelines and evidence from a systematic review	79
Digital health interventions in palliative care: a systematic meta-review	76
Automated coronary calcium scoring using deep learning with multicenter external validation	75
CovidCTNet: an open-source deep learning approach to diagnose covid-19 using small cohort of CT images	71
The potential use of digital health technologies in the African context: a systematic review of evidence from Ethiopia	70
Health app policy: international comparison of nine countries’ approaches	69
Privacy-first health research with federated learning	69
Barriers and facilitators to utilizing digital health technologies by healthcare professionals	69
The diagnostic and triage accuracy of digital and online symptom checker tools: a systematic review	68
A deep transfer learning approach for wearable sleep stage classification with photoplethysmography	67
Integrated multimodal artificial intelligence framework for healthcare applications	67
Harnessing the power of synthetic data in healthcare: innovation, application, and privacy	65
Machine learning in vascular surgery: a systematic review and critical appraisal	65
Opportunities and counterintuitive challenges for decentralized clinical trials to broaden participant inclusion	64
Clinical impact and quality of randomized controlled trials involving interventions evaluating artificial intelligence prediction tools: a systematic review	64
COVID-19 information retrieval with deep-learning based semantic search, question answering, and abstractive summarization	64
Leveraging artificial intelligence for pandemic preparedness and response: a scoping review to identify key use cases	63
Artificial intelligence for strengthening healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review	62
Development and validation of a reinforcement learning algorithm to dynamically optimize mechanical ventilation in critical care	61
Bias in AI-based models for medical applications: challenges and mitigation strategies	61
Deep transfer learning and data augmentation improve glucose levels prediction in type 2 diabetes patients	61
The effects of seasons and weather on sleep patterns measured through longitudinal multimodal sensing	60
Machine learning for technical skill assessment in surgery: a systematic review	60
Building digital twins of the human immune system: toward a roadmap	60
Machine learning generalizability across healthcare settings: insights from multi-site COVID-19 screening	59
Predicting adverse outcomes due to diabetes complications with machine learning using administrative health data	59
A study of generative large language model for medical research and healthcare	58

Passive detection of COVID-19 with wearable sensors and explainable machine learning algorithms	58
Deep learning in image-based breast and cervical cancer detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis	58
Walking on common ground: a cross-disciplinary scoping review on the clinical utility of digital mobility outcomes	57
Prostate cancer therapy personalization via multi-modal deep learning on randomized phase III clinical trials	57
Computer vision in surgery: from potential to clinical value	56
Co-evolution of machine learning and digital technologies to improve monitoring of Parkinson’s disease motor symptoms	55
Sounds of COVID-19: exploring realistic performance of audio-based digital testing	55
Day-to-day variability in sleep parameters and depression risk: a prospective cohort study of training physicians	54
Modeling the effect of exposure notification and non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 transmission in Washington state	54
Considerations for addressing bias in artificial intelligence for health equity	54
An integrative review on the acceptance of artificial intelligence among healthcare professionals in hospitals	54
Artificial intelligence sepsis prediction algorithm learns to say “I don’t know”	53
Digital therapeutics from bench to bedside	53
Explainable artificial intelligence for mental health through transparency and interpretability for understandability	51
Assessing the quality of mobile applications in chronic disease management: a scoping review	49
Health-focused conversational agents in person-centered care: a review of apps	49
A reimbursement framework for artificial intelligence in healthcare	49
Digital public health surveillance: a systematic scoping review	49
The digital scribe in clinical practice: a scoping review and research agenda	48
Fast and noninvasive electronic nose for sniffing out COVID-19 based on exhaled breath-print recognition	48
Regulatory considerations to keep pace with innovation in digital health products	46
Measurement of respiratory rate using wearable devices and applications to COVID-19 detection	46
Imputation of missing values for electronic health record laboratory data	45
Implementation of a multisite, interdisciplinary remote patient monitoring program for ambulatory management of patients with COVID-19	44
A Delphi consensus statement for digital surgery	44
Paying for artificial intelligence in medicine	44
Response To: Investigating sources of inaccuracy in wearable optical heart rate sensors	44
Evaluation of biases in remote photoplethysmography methods	43
Development and validation of an interpretable neural network for prediction of postoperative in-hospital mortality	42
Effectiveness of a digital therapeutic as adjunct to treatment with medication in pediatric ADHD	42
Medical records-based chronic kidney disease phenotype for clinical care and “big data” observational and genetic studies	42
Quality assessment standards in artificial intelligence diagnostic accuracy systematic reviews: a meta-research study	42
Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based medical device for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder	42
Digital approaches to enhancing community engagement in clinical trials	42
Can extended reality in the metaverse revolutionise health communication?	42
Wearable fitness tracker use in federally qualified health center patients: strategies to improve the health of all of us using digital health devices	41
Push Button Population Health: The SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access Application Programming Interface	41
Mobile devices and wearable technology for measuring patient outcomes after surgery: a systematic review	40
Virtual exam for Parkinson’s disease enables frequent and reliable remote measurements of motor function	40
Engineering digital biomarkers of interstitial glucose from noninvasive smartwatches	39
Low-count whole-body PET with deep learning in a multicenter and externally validated study	39
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Facial expressions can detect Parkinson’s disease: preliminary evidence from videos collected online	39
Mobile health strategies for blood pressure self-management in urban populations with digital barriers: systematic review and meta-analyses	39
Medical domain knowledge in domain-agnostic generative AI	39
Measuring the effect of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) on mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic using global mobility data	39
Non-invasive diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis from ultrasound imaging with machine learning	38
Cohort design and natural language processing to reduce bias in electronic health records research	38
AI in the hands of imperfect users	38
Empowering clinical research in a decentralized world	37
Advancing digital health: FDA innovation during COVID-19	37
Yet Another Automated Gleason Grading System (YAAGGS) by weakly supervised deep learning	36
Deep COVID DeteCT: an international experience on COVID-19 lung detection and prognosis using chest CT	36
The evolution of digital health technologies in cardiovascular disease research	36
Enhancing self-management in type 1 diabetes with wearables and deep learning	36
Covid-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle length in the Apple Women’s Health Study	35
A systematic review of digital and face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy for depression	35
Development features and study characteristics of mobile health apps in the management of chronic conditions: a systematic review of randomised trials	35
Smartphone-based symbol-digit modalities test reliably captures brain damage in multiple sclerosis	34
Machine-learning-based prediction models for high-need high-cost patients using nationwide clinical and claims data	34
Remote diagnosis of surgical-site infection using a mobile digital intervention: a randomised controlled trial in emergency surgery patients	34
Handling missing MRI sequences in deep learning segmentation of brain metastases: a multicenter study	33
An adversarial training framework for mitigating algorithmic biases in clinical machine learning	33
Soft skin-interfaced mechano-acoustic sensors for real-time monitoring and patient feedback on respiratory and swallowing biomechanics	33
Unleashing the potential of digital pathology data by training computer-aided diagnosis models without human annotations	33
Evidence from ClinicalTrials.gov on the growth of Digital Health Technologies in neurology trials	33
Broadening the reach of the FDA Sentinel system: A roadmap for integrating electronic health record data in a causal analysis framework	32
Adopting and expanding ethical principles for generative artificial intelligence from military to healthcare	31
Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being	31
Using a Digital Neuro Signature to measure longitudinal individual-level change in Alzheimer’s disease: the Altoida large cohort study	31
Point-of-care artificial intelligence-enabled ECG for dyskalemia: a retrospective cohort analysis for accuracy and outcome prediction	31
The promise of machine learning applications in solid organ transplantation	31
The Framing of machine learning risk prediction models illustrated by evaluation of sepsis in general wards	31
Forecasting adverse surgical events using self-supervised transfer learning for physiological signals	31
Smartphone-based digital phenotyping for dry eye toward P4 medicine: a crowdsourced cross-sectional study	30
Backslide or forward progress? Virtual care at U.S. healthcare systems beyond the COVID-19 pandemic	30
Smartphone camera based assessment of adiposity: a validation study	30
Identifying major impact factors affecting the continuance intention of mHealth: a systematic review and multi-subgroup meta-analysis	29
The performance of artificial intelligence-driven technologies in diagnosing mental disorders: an umbrella review	29
The language of crisis: spatiotemporal effects of COVID-19 pandemic dynamics on health crisis communications by political leaders	29
Large language models to identify social determinants of health in electronic health records	29

Stress testing reveals gaps in clinic readiness of image-based diagnostic artificial intelligence models	29
Clinical knowledge extraction via sparse embedding regression (KESER) with multi-center large scale electronic health record data	29
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of chatbots on lifestyle behaviours	29
A hierarchical expert-guided machine learning framework for clinical decision support systems: an application to traumatic brain injury prognostication	29
The impact of artificial intelligence on the reading times of radiologists for chest radiographs	28
Evolving regulatory perspectives on digital health technologies for medicinal product development	28
Early prediction of diagnostic-related groups and estimation of hospital cost by processing clinical notes	28
Diagnostic reasoning prompts reveal the potential for large language model interpretability in medicine	28
Using digital surveillance tools for near real-time mapping of the risk of infectious disease spread	28
A survey on clinical natural language processing in the United Kingdom from 2007 to 2022	28
Development of a multivariable prediction model for severe COVID-19 disease: a population-based study from Hong Kong	28
Improving the repeatability of deep learning models with Monte Carlo dropout	28
Wearable accelerometer-derived physical activity and incident disease	27
A generalizable deep learning regression model for automated glaucoma screening from fundus images	27
Computational drug repurposing based on electronic health records: a scoping review	27
Crowdsourcing digital health measures to predict Parkinson’s disease severity: the Parkinson’s Disease Digital Biomarker DREAM Challenge	27
Emerging sensing and modeling technologies for wearable and cuffless blood pressure monitoring	27
Belief of having had unconfirmed Covid-19 infection reduces willingness to participate in app-based contact tracing	27
Inter-individual variation in objective measure of reactogenicity following COVID-19 vaccination via smartwatches and fitness bands	27
An artificial intelligence based app for skin cancer detection evaluated in a population based setting	27
Clinical use of artificial intelligence in endometriosis: a scoping review	26
Digital twins for health: a scoping review	26
Clinical outcomes of digital sensor alerting systems in remote monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis	25
Detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction from single-lead electrocardiography adapted for portable and wearable devices	25
Computer-aided interpretation of chest radiography reveals the spectrum of tuberculosis in rural South Africa	25
Machine learning-based quantitative prediction of drug exposure in drug-drug interactions using drug label information	25
Differential effects of the blood pressure state on pulse rate variability and heart rate variability in critically ill patients	25
An automated COVID-19 triage pipeline using artificial intelligence based on chest radiographs and clinical data	25
Blood pressure measurement using only a smartphone	25
Artificial intelligence to detect malignant eyelid tumors from photographic images	25
Improving preeclampsia risk prediction by modeling pregnancy trajectories from routinely collected electronic medical record data	24
Telephone, video, equity and access in virtual care	24
DeePaN: deep patient graph convolutional network integrating clinico-genomic evidence to stratify lung cancers for immunotherapy	24
Implications for implementation and adoption of telehealth in developing countries: a systematic review of China’s practices and experiences	24
A novel AI device for real-time optical characterization of colorectal polyps	24
Automatic multilabel detection of ICD10 codes in Dutch cardiology discharge letters using neural networks	24
Non-contact physiological monitoring of post-operative patients in the intensive care unit	24
Internet search patterns reveal clinical course of COVID-19 disease progression and pandemic spread across 32 countries	24
A foundational vision transformer improves diagnostic performance for electrocardiograms	24
AI-based analysis of CT images for rapid triage of COVID-19 patients	24
Overcoming barriers to data sharing with medical image generation: a comprehensive evaluation	24
Continuous cuffless blood pressure monitoring with a wearable ring bioimpedance device	24
A hierarchical deep learning approach with transparency and interpretability based on small samples for glaucoma diagnosis	24
Dynamic prediction of mortality after traumatic brain injury using a machine learning algorithm	24
Solving the explainable AI conundrum by bridging clinicians’ needs and developers’ goals	24
Trait-like nocturnal sleep behavior identified by combining wearable, phone-use, and self-report data	23
Building resilient medical technology supply chains with a software bill of materials	23
A method for intelligent allocation of diagnostic testing by leveraging data from commercial wearable devices: a case study on COVID-19	23
Generating synthetic mixed-type longitudinal electronic health records for artificial intelligent applications	23
A vital sign-based prediction algorithm for differentiating COVID-19 versus seasonal influenza in hospitalized patients	23
A gender specific risk assessment of coronary heart disease based on physical examination data	23
Automated clinical coding: what, why, and where we are?	23
Mapping each pre-existing condition’s association to short-term and long-term COVID-19 complications	22
Simulating SARS-CoV-2 epidemics by region-specific variables and modeling contact tracing app containment	22
Development of digital measures for nighttime scratch and sleep using wrist-worn wearable devices	22
Human visual explanations mitigate bias in AI-based assessment of surgeon skills	22
Patient-specific COVID-19 resource utilization prediction using fusion AI model	22
Mobile app validation: a digital health scorecard approach	22
Prospective validation of dermoscopy-based open-source artificial intelligence for melanoma diagnosis (PROVE-AI study)	21
Development and validation of an abnormality-derived deep-learning diagnostic system for major respiratory diseases	21
International electronic health record-derived post-acute sequelae profiles of COVID-19 patients	21
Rapid crowdsourced innovation for COVID-19 response and economic growth	21
Digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis	21
Dermoscopy practice guidelines for use in telemedicine	21
Utilizing machine learning to improve clinical trial design for acute respiratory distress syndrome	21
Crossing the chasm from model performance to clinical impact: the need to improve implementation and evaluation of AI	21
Randomized trial of two artificial intelligence coaching interventions to increase physical activity in cancer survivors	20
Confounders mediate AI prediction of demographics in medical imaging	20
It’s complicated: characterizing the time-varying relationship between cell phone mobility and COVID-19 spread in the US	20
Long-term participant retention and engagement patterns in an app and wearable-based multinational remote digital depression study	20
Wearable sensor derived decompensation index for continuous remote monitoring of COVID-19 diagnosed patients	20
The impact of inconsistent human annotations on AI driven clinical decision making	20
Surgical gestures as a method to quantify surgical performance and predict patient outcomes	20
Scoping review: the empowerment of Alzheimer’s Disease caregivers with mHealth applications	20
Systematic review and meta-analysis of performance of wearable artificial intelligence in detecting and predicting depression	20
Sports related concussion: an emerging era in digital sports technology	20
Multi-center validation of machine learning model for preoperative prediction of postoperative mortality	20
Machine learning for accurate estimation of fetal gestational age based on ultrasound images	20
Clinical subphenotypes in COVID-19: derivation, validation, prediction, temporal patterns, and interaction with social determinants of health	20
Digital health interventions for non-communicable disease management in primary health care in low-and middle-income countries	20
Digital health technology-specific risks for medical malpractice liability	20
Where do we stand in AI for endoscopic image analysis? Deciphering gaps and future directions	20
Effectiveness of automated alerting system compared to usual care for the management of sepsis	20
Prompt engineering in consistency and reliability with the evidence-based guideline for LLMs	19
Wearable device and smartphone data quantify ALS progression and may provide novel outcome measures	19
A machine-learning based objective measure for ALS disease severity	19
Mobile Health: making the leap to research and clinics	19
Machine learning for real-time aggregated prediction of hospital admission for emergency patients	19
High night-to-night variability in sleep apnea severity is associated with uncontrolled hypertension	19
A medical multimodal large language model for future pandemics	19
Potential reduction in healthcare carbon footprint by autonomous artificial intelligence	19
A prospective evaluation of AI-augmented epidemiology to forecast COVID-19 in the USA and Japan	19
Culturally adapting internet- and mobile-based health promotion interventions might not be worth the effort: a systematic review and meta-analysis	18
40 years of actigraphy in sleep medicine and current state of the art algorithms	18
Continuous monitoring of surgical bimanual expertise using deep neural networks in virtual reality simulation	18