Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Article	Citations
Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000–19: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals	552
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Australian educational settings: a prospective cohort study	311
Illness duration and symptom profile in symptomatic UK school-aged children tested for SARS-CoV-2	302
Determining the optimal strategy for reopening schools, the impact of test and trace interventions, and the risk of occurrence of a second COVID-19 epidemic wave in the UK: a modelling study	267
Factors linked to severe outcomes in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the USA: a retrospective surveillance study	243
A national consensus management pathway for paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS): results of a national Delphi process	226
Children and young people remain at low risk of COVID-19 mortality	211
Effective interventions to address maternal and child malnutrition: an update of the evidence	210
Characteristics and outcomes of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK: a prospective national cohort study using active surveillance	182
Physical and mental health 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection (long COVID) among adolescents in England (CLoCk): a national matched cohort study	181
Neuroimaging manifestations in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multinational, multicentre collaborative study	169
Delivering transformative action in paediatric pain: a Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Commission	159
Paediatric hospitalisations due to COVID-19 during the first SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) variant wave in South Africa: a multicentre observational study	158
Post-acute COVID-19 outcomes in children with mild and asymptomatic disease	156
COVID-19 public health measures and respiratory syncytial virus	155
Young people's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic	144
6-month multidisciplinary follow-up and outcomes of patients with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS-TS) at a UK tertiary paediatric hospital: a retrospective cohort study	141
Respiratory syncytial virus: paying the immunity debt with interest	135
Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children and adolescents in the UK: a prospective national cohort study	121
Efficacy of nirsevimab against respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in preterm and term infants, and pharmacokinetic extrapolation to infants with congenital heart disease an	118
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for death among hospitalised children and adolescents with COVID-19 in Brazil: an analysis of a nationwide database	114
Global, regional, and country estimates of metabolic syndrome burden in children and adolescents in 2020: a systematic review and modelling analysis	108
Long COVID symptoms in SARS-CoV-2-positive adolescents and matched controls (LongCOVIDKidsDK): a national, cross-sectional study	106
Early targeted heart rate aerobic exercise versus placebo stretching for sport-related concussion in adolescents: a randomised controlled trial	96
The global prevalence of and factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis	96

Prevalence and trends in tobacco use among adolescents aged 13–15 years in 143 countries, 1999–2018: findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Surveys	95
Effect of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 on children and young people	89
Reported cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children aged 12–20 years in the USA who received a COVID-19 vaccine, December, 2020, through August, 2021: a surveillance investigation	89
Evidence of lung perfusion defects and ongoing inflammation in an adolescent with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection	89
Long COVID symptoms in SARS-CoV-2-positive children aged 0–14 years and matched controls in Denmark (LongCOVIDKidsDK): a national, cross-sectional study	81
Rates and time trends in the consumption of breastmilk, formula, and animal milk by children younger than 2 years from 2000 to 2019: analysis of 113 countries	81
Global effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric cancer care: a cross-sectional study	78
SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in primary schools in England in June–December, 2020 (sKIDs): an active, prospective surveillance study	74
COVID-19 and eating disorders in young people	74
Gene replacement therapy with onasemnogene abeparvovec in children with spinal muscular atrophy aged 24 months or younger and bodyweight up to 15 kg: an observational cohort study	71
Predisposition to cancer in children and adolescents	69
Probiotic peanut oral immunotherapy versus oral immunotherapy and placebo in children with peanut allergy in Australia (PPOIT-003): a multicentre, randomised, phase 2b trial	68
2-year outcomes of ranibizumab versus laser therapy for the treatment of very low birthweight infants with retinopathy of prematurity (RAINBOW extension study): prospective follow-up of an open label,	62
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a neonate, temporally associated with prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2: a case report	61
Incidence and clinical phenotype of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant by vaccination status: a Danish nationwide prospective cohort study	60
Burden of non-communicable diseases among adolescents aged 10–24 years in the EU, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019	59
Hospital admissions and need for mechanical ventilation in children with respiratory syncytial virus before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Danish nationwide cohort study	57
Time, pattern, and outcome of medulloblastoma relapse and their association with tumour biology at diagnosis and therapy: a multicentre cohort study	57
Treatment of infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy with nusinersen: final report of a phase 2, open-label, multicentre, dose-escalation study	56
Dose-dependent and joint associations between screen time, physical activity, and mental wellbeing in adolescents: an international observational study	56
Mortality, neurodevelopmental impairments, and economic outcomes after invasive group B streptococcal disease in early infancy in Denmark and the Netherlands: a national matched cohort study	54
SARS-CoV-2 transmission among children and staff in daycare centres during a nationwide lockdown in France: a cross-sectional, multicentre, seroprevalence study	51
Obesity-related asthma in children and adolescents	51
Supporting every school to become a foundation for healthy lives	50
Global, regional, and national burdens of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years from 1990 to 2019: a trend analysis based on the Global Burden	49
Global, regional, and national minimum estimates of children affected by COVID-19-associated orphanhood and caregiver death, by age and family circumstance up to Oct 31, 2021: an updated modelling stu	49
Effects of sleep duration on neurocognitive development in early adolescents in the USA: a propensity score matched, longitudinal, observational study	46
Prevalence and risk factors for cisplatin-induced hearing loss in children, adolescents, and young adults: a multi-institutional North American cohort study	46
Effects of responsive caregiving and learning opportunities during pre-school ages on the association of early adversities and adolescent human capital: an analysis of birth cohorts in two middle-inco	46
Real-time continuous glucose monitoring in preterm infants (REACT): an international, open-label, randomised controlled trial	46
Finding a path to reopen schools during the COVID-19 pandemic	46
Acceptability, safety, and patterns of use of oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in South African adolescents: an open-label single-arm phase 2 trial	46
COVID-19 associated arterial ischaemic stroke and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a case report	46
Infliximab versus second intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of resistant Kawasaki disease in the USA (KIDCARE): a randomised, multicentre comparative effectiveness trial	46
Surveillance-based informative testing for detection and containment of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks on a public university campus: an observational and modelling study	46
Outcomes at least 90 days since onset of myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and young adults in the USA: a follow-up surveillance study	46
Global estimates of violence against children with disabilities: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis	45
Adolescent dating violence prevention programmes: a global systematic review of evaluation studies	44
Visual impairment, severe visual impairment, and blindness in children in Britain (BCVIS2): a national observational study	43
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in children: a prospective national surveillance study between January, 2020, and July, 2021, in England	42
Gender-based violence against adolescent girls in humanitarian settings: a review of the evidence	41
Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in paediatric critical care in the USA	41
Early neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in the era of antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis	40
Hospital outcomes for children with severe sepsis in the USA by race or ethnicity and insurance status: a population-based, retrospective cohort study	40
Monkeypox virus infections in children in Spain during the first months of the 2022 outbreak	37
Continuation of gender-affirming hormones in transgender people starting puberty suppression in adolescence: a cohort study in the Netherlands	36
Supporting children and adolescents following parental bereavement: guidance for health-care professionals	35
Mental health problems in children with intellectual disability	34
Triple-demic overwhelms paediatric units in US hospitals	33
Worldwide trends in population-based survival for children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with leukaemia, by subtype, during 2000–14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual data from 258 cancer	32

Paediatric non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas: the prospective NRSTS 2005 study by the European Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG)	32
Making every school a health-promoting school	32
Identification of genetic loci associated with nocturnal enuresis: a genome-wide association study	32
SARS-CoV-2 related paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome	32
Postoperative speech impairment and surgical approach to posterior fossa tumours in children: a prospective European multicentre cohort study	31
Childhood maltreatment and its role in the development of pain and psychopathology	31
Effect of alglucosidase alfa dosage on survival and walking ability in patients with classic infantile Pompe disease: a multicentre observational cohort study from the European Pompe Consortium	30
Effects of delayed versus immediate umbilical cord clamping in reducing death or major disability at 2 years corrected age among very preterm infants (APTS): a multicentre, randomised clinical trial	30
Newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy in Australia: a non-randomised cohort study	30
Metabolic and bariatric surgery versus intensive non-surgical treatment for adolescents with severe obesity (AMOS2): a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial in Sweden	30
Hypertension in adolescents: diagnosis, treatment, and implications	30
Fetal body MRI and its application to fetal and neonatal treatment: an illustrative review	30
Estimates of a multidimensional index of nurturing care in the next 1000 days of life for children in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study	29
Prevalence of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis	29
The monkeypox outbreak: risks to children and pregnant women	27
Uptake of and factors associated with testing for sexually transmitted infections in community-based settings among youth in Zimbabwe: a mixed-methods study	27
Early childhood wheezing phenotypes and determinants in a South African birth cohort: longitudinal analysis of the Drakenstein Child Health Study	27
Safety and effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 in children aged 5–11 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis	27
Early versus delayed insulin pump therapy in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: results from the multicentre, prospective diabetes follow-up DPV registry	26
Clinical and social factors associated with involuntary psychiatric hospitalisation in children and adolescents: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and narrative synthesis	26
Epilepsy surgery for children and adolescents: evidence-based but underused	25
Cancer risk with topical calcineurin inhibitors, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis	25
Primary cardioprotection with dexrazoxane in patients with childhood cancer who are expected to receive anthracyclines: recommendations from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guidelin	25
Methylprednisolone versus intravenous immunoglobulins in children with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): an open-label, multicentre, randomi	25
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health and substance use up to March, 2022, in Iceland: a repeated, cross-sectional, population-based study	25
Effectiveness and safety of lotion, cream, gel, and ointment emollients for childhood eczema: a pragmatic, randomised, phase 4, superiority trial	25
The SIOP-Renal Tumour Study Group consensus statement on flank target volume delineation for highly conformal radiotherapy	25
International migration of unaccompanied minors: trends, health risks, and legal protection	24
Birthweight and patterns of postnatal weight gain in very and extremely preterm babies in England and Wales, 2008–19: a cohort study	23
Allergies to food and airborne allergens in children and adolescents: role of epigenetics in a changing environment	23
Paediatric group A streptococcal disease in England from October to December, 2022	23
Temporal trends in eating disorder and self-harm incidence rates among adolescents and young adults in the UK in the 2 years since onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study	23
The epidemiology of sepsis in paediatric intensive care units in Brazil (the Sepsis PREvalence Assessment Database in Pediatric population, SPREAD PED): an observational study	23
Post-discharge morbidity and mortality in children admitted with severe anaemia and other health conditions in malaria-endemic settings in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis	23
Direct versus video laryngoscopy with standard blades for neonatal and infant tracheal intubation with supplemental oxygen: a multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial	23
From surviving to thriving: integrating mental health care into HIV, community, and family services for adolescents living with HIV	22
Management of children and young people with idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening, central diabetes insipidus, or both: a national clinical practice consensus guideline	22
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children receiving haematopoietic cell transplantation and immune effector cell therapy: an international and multidisciplinary consensus statement	22
Impact of an adolescent meningococcal ACWY immunisation programme to control a national outbreak of group W meningococcal disease in England: a national surveillance and modelling study	22
SARS-CoV-2 spread and hospitalisations in paediatric patients during the omicron surge	22
Use of virtual reality in the supportive care management of paediatric patients with cancer	22
Time trends and sociodemographic inequalities in the prevalence of adolescent motherhood in 74 low-income and middle-income countries: a population-based study	22
Measurement tools for gender identity, gender expression, and gender dysphoria in transgender and gender-diverse children and adolescents: a systematic review	21
Feeding during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, assessed using routinely collected National Neonatal Research Database data: a retrospective, UK population-based cohort study	21
Immune function in childhood cancer survivors: a Children's Oncology Group review	21
Food addiction and mental health in adolescents: a systematic review	20
Advances in familial hypercholesterolaemia in children	20
Geographical variation in infant mortality due to congenital heart disease in the USA: a population-based cohort study	20
School mental health: integrating young people's voices to shift the paradigm	20
Safety and feasibility of 1 month of daily rifapentine plus isoniazid to prevent tuberculosis in children and adolescents: a prospective cohort study	19
Rheumatic heart disease in Indigenous young peoples	19
Neonatal invasive candidiasis: updates on clinical management and prevention	19
Long-term effects of selective fetal growth restriction (LEMON): a cohort study of neurodevelopmental outcome in growth discordant identical twins in the Netherlands	19
Efficacy and safety of switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid) versus a full course of intravenous antibiotics in neonates with probable bacterial infection (RAIN)	18
Regenerative medicine: postnatal approaches	18
Time for malaria control in school-age children	18
Advances in medical management of acute liver failure in children: promoting native liver survival	18
Current status and challenges in prenatal and neonatal screening, diagnosis, and management of congenital heart disease in China	17
Current treatment for childhood arterial ischaemic stroke	17
Immunological effects and safety of live rotavirus vaccination after antenatal exposure to immunomodulatory biologic agents: a prospective cohort study from the Canadian Immunization Research Network	17
Strategies to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in babies at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia	17
Neonatal meningitis: small babies, big problem	17
Shifting stigma about autistic young people	17
BNT162b2 vaccine protection against omicron and effect of previous infection variant and vaccination sequence among children and adolescents in Singapore: a population-based cohort study	17
Effect of HIV infection on growth and bone density in peripubertal children in the era of antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe	17
Growing up in the shadow of COVID-19	16
An integrated early care pathway for autism	16
Neuropsychological and neurophysiological predictors and consequences of cannabis and illicit substance use during neurodevelopment: a systematic review of longitudinal studies	16
High-dose and low-dose varenicline for smoking cessation in adolescents: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial	16
Humanistic counselling plus pastoral care as usual versus pastoral care as usual for the treatment of psychological distress in adolescents in UK state schools (ETHOS): a randomised controlled trial	16
Adolescent acne vulgaris: current and emerging treatments	15
Non-pharmacological interventions for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents	15
Neuropsychiatric manifestations in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus	15
Safety and immunogenicity of a protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine (ZF2001) in healthy children and adolescents aged 3–17 years in China: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial and	15
Mortality after hospital discharge among children younger than 5 years admitted with suspected sepsis in Uganda: a prospective, multisite, observational cohort study	14
Youth STIs: an epidemic fuelled by shame	14
Adolescents and young adults with rhabdomyosarcoma treated in the European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG) protocols: a cohort study	14
A flawed agenda for trans youth	14
Short-term and long-term risk of mortality and neurodevelopmental impairments after bacterial meningitis during infancy in children in Denmark and the Netherlands: a nationwide matched cohort study	14
Clinical outcomes of children receiving ABO-incompatible versus ABO-compatible heart transplantation: a multicentre cohort study	14

The ability of the neonatal immune response to handle SARS-CoV-2 infection	14
Point-of-care HIV viral load and targeted drug resistance mutation testing versus standard care for Kenyan children on antiretroviral therapy (Opt4Kids): an open-label, randomised controlled trial	14
Current treatment outcomes of congenital heart disease and future perspectives	14
Recombinant polio–rhinovirus immunotherapy for recurrent paediatric high-grade glioma: a phase 1b trial	13
Direct oral anticoagulants for use in paediatrics	13
Low COVID-19 mortality in Spanish children	13
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with COVID-19 and PIMS-TS during the second and third wave	13
Assessment of infant position and timing of stylet removal to improve lumbar puncture success in neonates (NeoCLEAR): an open-label, 2 × 2 factorial, randomised, controlled trial	13
Long COVID in children	13
Youth perspective on chronic disease prevention	13
India's child malnutrition story worsens	13
Social prescribing for children and young people	13
Clinical phenotypes and prognostic features of embryonal tumours with multi-layered rosettes: a Rare Brain Tumor Registry study	13
Comparative efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of children, adolescents, and young adults with Tourette's syndrome: a systematic review and ne	13
Optimised versus standard dosing of vancomycin in infants with Gram-positive sepsis (NeoVanc): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2b, non-inferiority trial	12
Measuring and monitoring child health and wellbeing: recommendations for tracking progress with a core set of indicators in the Sustainable Development Goals era	12
Tuberculosis preventive therapy for children and adolescents: an emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic	12
Fixed-dose combination bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide in adolescents and children with HIV: week 48 results of a single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 2/3 trial	12
Harmonising regulatory approval for antibiotics in children	12
The effect of early childhood respiratory infections and pneumonia on lifelong lung function: a systematic review	12
An evidence-based framework for determining the optimal amount of intervention for autistic children	12
Tafenoquine exposure assessment, safety, and relapse prevention efficacy in children with Plasmodium vivax malaria: open-label, single-arm, non-comparative, multicentre, pharmacokinetic bridging, phas	12
Intensive compared with less intensive blood pressure control to prevent adverse cardiac remodelling in children with chronic kidney disease (HOT-KID): a parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, rando	12
Prevalence of gender dysphoria and suicidality and self-harm in a national database of paediatric inpatients in the USA: a population-based, serial cross-sectional study	11
Health outcomes associated with micronutrient-fortified complementary foods in infants and young children aged 6–23 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis	11
Vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia aged 3−59 months: a multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial	11
Pharmacogenetic studies of long-acting beta agonist and inhaled corticosteroid responsiveness in randomised controlled trials of individuals of African descent with asthma	11
Juvenile haemochromatosis	11
Autism incidence and spatial analysis in more than 7 million pupils in English schools: a retrospective, longitudinal, school registry study	11
Difficult questions about long COVID in children	11
Regenerative medicine: prenatal approaches	11
Intravenous versus super-selected intra-arterial chemotherapy in children with advanced unilateral retinoblastoma: an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial	11
Prevention of food allergy in infancy: the role of maternal interventions and exposures during pregnancy and lactation	11
Controversies and challenges in the management of paediatric non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas	11
Management of non-severe burn wounds in children and adolescents: optimising outcomes through all stages of the patient journey	11
Effect of the Children and Young People's Health Partnership model of paediatric integrated care on health service use and child health outcomes: a pragmatic two-arm cluster randomised controlled tria	11
Sickle cell anaemia and severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a secondary analysis of the Transfusion and Treatment of African Children Trial (TRACT)	10
Haemodynamic support for paediatric septic shock: a global perspective	10
Estimated incidence, prevalence, mortality, and registration of childhood cancer (ages 0–14 years) in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region: an analysis of GLOBOCAN 2020 data	10
Estimating causal effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviours on the development of type 2 diabetes in at-risk children from childhood to late adolescence: an analysis of the QUALITY cohort	10
Subgroups of children with Kawasaki disease: a data-driven cluster analysis	10
Development of treatment-decision algorithms for children evaluated for pulmonary tuberculosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis	10
Epilepsy stigma in children in low-income and middle-income countries	10
Long-term trends and urban–rural disparities in the physical growth of children and adolescents in China: an analysis of five national school surveys over three decades	10
Impact of the EU Paediatric Medicine Regulation on new anti-cancer medicines for the treatment of children and adolescents	10
Risk of hospitalisation and death in children with SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.612.2) infection	9
Challenges and health-care priorities for reducing the burden of paediatric sepsis in Latin America: a call to action	9
School violence: where are the interventions?	9
Ethical tensions in the treatment of youth with severe anorexia nervosa	9
Efficacy and safety of methylphenidate and behavioural parent training for children aged 3–5 years with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and sh	9
Gamblification: risks of digital gambling games to adolescents	9
The hidden crisis of adolescent nutrition	9
Structured, multicomponent, community-based programme for women's health and infant health and development in rural Vietnam: a parallel-group cluster randomised controlled trial	9
Children: innocent victims of war in Ukraine	9
Paediatric chronic pain as a catalyst for toxic stress	9
Tackling childhood overweight and obesity after the COVID-19 pandemic	9
One dose does not fit all: revising the WHO paediatric dosing tool to include the non-linear effect of body size and maturation	9
Central precocious puberty: a review of diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes	9
Zero separation: infant and family-centred developmental care in times of COVID-19	9
Islet autoantibody screening in at-risk adolescents to predict type 1 diabetes until young adulthood: a prospective cohort study	9
Self-harm in children and adolescents by ethnic group: an observational cohort study from the Multicentre Study of Self-Harm in England	9
Invasive group A streptococcal infections in children and adolescents in Denmark during 2022–23 compared with 2016–17 to 2021–22: a nationwide, multicentre, population-based cohort study	9
Different is not deficient: respecting diversity in early childhood development	9
Childhood growth hormone treatment and metabolic and cardiovascular risk in adults born small for gestational age after growth hormone cessation in the Netherlands: a 12-year follow-up study	9
Adolescents navigating the COVID-19 pandemic	9
Association between the timing of childhood adversity and epigenetic patterns across childhood and adolescence: findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) prospective c	9