Motivation Science

Article	Citations
Fostering preservice teachers’ research-related beliefs and motivation with growth mindset and utility value interventions.	172
Supplemental Material for From Ego Depletion to Self-Control Fatigue: A Review of Criticisms Along With New Perspectives for the Investigation and Replication of a Multicomponent Phenomenon	43
Supplemental Material for Just Be Yourself? Regulatory Focus Moderates the Effects of Societal Standards Attainment on Personal Well-Being	39
Supplemental Material for Self-Regulatory Processes in Striving for Identity Goals: Self-Incompleteness Shields Eco-Friendly Vegans From Temptations	21
Supplemental Material for The Amygdala and Appraised Concern-Relevance: Initial Evidence That Intrinsic Motivation Modulates Amygdala Response to Otherwise Neutral Stimuli	21
Batson on prosocial motivation. Commentary on Batson (2022).	20
Autonomous and controlled motivation in students: An experience sampling study on multitasking, concentration, and affect from a self-determination theory perspective.	19
Do I want this job? Integrating research across psychological subfields to examine how individuals think about perceived values during career decision making.	19
Mentalizing in reactance: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of freedom threats.	18
Mental contrasting of a feared future and uptake of initial COVID-19 vaccines and bivalent booster shots: Two randomized controlled trials.	17
Choosing task characteristics oneself justifies effort: A study on cardiac response and the critical role of task difficulty.	17
Q: What is the recipe for defense? A: Threat, anxiety, and approach motivation.	15
Society for the Science of Motivation Presidential Address: Can we harness motivation science to motivate ourselves?	15
Defeminizing sustainability: How to boost men’s motivation for proenvironmental behavior.	14
Why do I act for the environment? Socioeconomic status moderates the relationship between climate change beliefs and sustainable actions.	13
Task choice immunizes against incidental affective influences in volition.	12
What makes people want more self-control: A duo of deficiency and necessity.	12
Understanding aggression in adolescence by studying the neurobiological stress system: A systematic review.	12
Self-determination theory shows that free will matters.	12
"Measuring avoidance-related trait anger: American and Polish versions of the Avoidance Motivated Response to Anger Scale (AMRAS)": Correction.	11
Ramadan fasting as a goal-pursuit: Why people fast, and how motives affect their experience.	11
Aggressive motivation: An introduction and overview.	11
What is next for situated expectancy-value theory? A reply to our commentators.	10
The amygdala and appraised concern-relevance: Initial evidence that intrinsic motivation modulates amygdala response to otherwise neutral stimuli.	9
Flexible control: Conflict mindsets reduce the association between trait measures of self-control decision-making and delay discounting.	8

Useful and affordable? How costs and benefits uniquely shape motivated emotion regulation.	8
On the nature, predictors, and outcomes of longitudinal work passion profiles.	8
Does the expression of personality traits in daily life satisfy psychological needs of older adults?	8
Learning contexts matter: Having value-supportive instructors moderates the efficacy of a utility-value intervention in community college math.	8
Supplemental Material for Metamotivational Knowledge of Others’ Achievement Goals in a Work Context	7
Supplemental Material for The Differential Effects of Reward Prospect and Reward Reception: Dynamic Performance Adjustment Versus Stable Performance	7
Personal perspectives on mindsets, motivation, and psychology.	7
Supplemental Material for Missing Out by Pursuing Rewarding Outcomes: Why Initial Biases Can Lead to Persistent Suboptimal Choices	7
Supplemental Material for Role of Contingency in Reward–Emotion Interactions During the Categorization of Emotional Facial Expressions	7
Is task switching avoided to save effort or time? Shorter intertrial durations following task switches increase the willingness to switch tasks.	7
Supplemental Material for Pushing Reactance Theory: An Examination of the Reactance Process in the Context of Advice	7
Collaborative autonomy: The dynamic relations between personal goal autonomy and perceived autonomy support in emerging adulthood results in positive affect and goal progress.	7
On being warm-hearted: Daily diary investigations of self-location and social functioning.	7
The two faces of persistence: How harmonious and obsessive passion shape goal pursuit.	6
Adult age differences in the effects of chronic mental fatigue on task-related fatigue, appraisals, and performance.	6
Don’t make a habit out of it: Impaired learning conditions can make goal-directed behavior seem habitual.	6
Supplemental Material for Why Motivation for Adhering to COVID-19 Measures Matters: Investigating Time-Lagged Associations With Epidemiological Indicators	6
Goal motives, mental contrasting with implementation intentions, and the self-regulation of saving goals: A longitudinal investigation.	5
Breaking down silos in motivation science.	5
Inhibitory control elicited by physical activity and inactivity stimuli: An electroencephalography study.	5
From ego depletion to self-control fatigue: A review of criticisms along with new perspectives for the investigation and replication of a multicomponent phenomenon.	5
Thoughts about “Thoughts about actions and outcomes”: Comment on Custers (2023).	5
Exploring the role of goal-dependent processes in action slips under time pressure.	5
Supplemental Material for Measuring Subjective Mental Effort as an Aversive and Enjoyable Phenomenon	5
Building a science of motivated persons: Self-determination theory’s empirical approach to human experience and the regulation of behavior.	5
Supplemental Material for Useful and Affordable? How Costs and Benefits Uniquely Shape Motivated Emotion Regulation	4
Supplemental Material for Leave to Fight Another Day: Having the Option to Switch Promotes a Persistence Trade-Off	4
Supplemental Material for Motives and Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions Predict Progress and Management of Goals in Parents	4
Supplemental Material for Episodic Binding of Approach–Avoidance Goals to Stimuli: On the Microgenesis of Stimulus-Motivated Action Tendencies to Approach and Avoid	4
Supplemental Material for Emotional Learning and Psychopathic Personality Traits: The Role of Attentional Focus and Intention to Learn	4
Supplemental Material for Self-Concordant Goal-Striving as Internalized Motivation: Benefits Beyond Person-Goal Fit	4
Supplemental Material for On the Nature, Predictors, and Outcomes of Longitudinal Work Passion Profiles	4
Supplemental Material for Motive-Modulated Attentional Orienting: Implicit Power Motive Predicts Attentional Avoidance of Signals of Interpersonal Dominance	4
Using norm networks to map cultural differences in predictors of proenvironmental behavior in the United States and India.	3
Scientist’s progress: A comment on Carol Dweck’s legacy.	3
Supplemental Material for Autonomous and Controlled Motivation in Students: An Experience Sampling Study on Multitasking, Concentration, and Affect From a Self-Determination Theory Perspective	3
Thoughts on a thoughtful theory of prosocial motivation. Commentary on Batson (2022).	3
Supplemental Material for Is Task Switching Avoided to Save Effort or Time? Shorter Intertrial Durations Following Task Switches Increase the Willingness to Switch Tasks	3
What to say to round up more donors, or bigger donations.	3
From action initiation to persistence: A Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer analysis for cue-based goal pursuit.	2
Reward-seeking deficits in major depression: Unpacking appetitive task performance with ex-Gaussian response time variability analysis.	2
The differential effects of reward prospect and reward reception: Dynamic performance adjustment versus stable performance.	2
Emotional learning and psychopathic personality traits: The role of attentional focus and intention to learn.	2
Steroid hormones and severity of psychopathy in forensic patients.	2
Metamotivational knowledge of others’ achievement goals in a work context.	2
Expectancy, value, . . . And more.	2
Using dynamic item response theory and machine learning based on natural language processing to improve the reliability of the Operant Motive Test.	2
A legacy unfinished: An appreciative reply to comments on self-determination theory’s frontiers and challenges.	2
Does exposure to sedentary temptations activate physical activity goals? A high-powered replication study.	2
Goal motives, approach/avoidance appraisals, psychological needs, and well-being: A systematic review and meta-analysis.	2

Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and self-determination theory.	2
The ulna-to-fibula ratio as a marker of organizational hormone effects on implicit motive development: A high-powered preregistered replication.	2
Supplemental Material for Motivation Matters: Autonomous Motivation Sustains the Happiness From Prosocial Behavior	2
Cognitive mastery motivation antecedents of academic intrinsic motivation latent profiles: A longitudinal study from preschool to adolescence.	2
A longitudinal analysis of the relationships between students’ internalized symptoms and achievement goals.	2
Self-regulatory processes in striving for identity goals: Self-incompleteness shields eco-friendly vegans from temptations.	2
Mapping the dose–response relationship between monetary reward and cognitive performance.	2
The measurement of goal dimensions: A critical review.	2
The uncertainty-dissuasion model of reactance inhibition.	2
A mastery-oriented (and masterful) career: Some reflections on Carol Dweck’s legacy article.	2
The force of craving: Approach movements relate to lateralized P3 amplitudes and sensation seeking.	2
Supplemental Material for Negotiating With Yourself and Winning: The Dual Commitment Model for Intrapersonal Sustainability Goal Conflicts	1
Supplemental Material for Exploring the Role of Goal-Dependent Processes in Action Slips Under Time Pressure	1
Supplemental Material for The Force of Craving: Approach Movements Relate to Lateralized P3 Amplitudes and Sensation Seeking	1
Commentary on Personal perspectives on mindsets, motivation, and psychology by Carol S. Dweck.	1
Past due! Racializing aspects of situated expectancy-value theory through the lens of critical race theory.	1
Bibliometric review of attribution theory: Document cocitation analysis.	1
Motivated by default—How nudges facilitate people to act in line with their motivation.	1
The comprehensive mindfulness experience: A typological approach to the potential benefits of mindfulness for dealing with motivational conflicts.	1
Supplemental Material for Disentangling the Impact of Instructor Mindset and Demeanor on Student Experiences	1
Exploring the link between trait reactance and antiegalitarian beliefs.	1
Supplemental Material for It Is Time to Stop Using the Terminology “Passive” Fatigue	1
Supplemental Material for Fostering Preservice Teachers’ Research-Related Beliefs and Motivation With Growth Mindset and Utility Value Interventions	1
It is time to stop using the terminology “passive” fatigue.	1
Supplemental Material for Choosing Task Characteristics Oneself Justifies Effort: A Study on Cardiac Response and the Critical Role of Task Difficulty	1
Reflections on the legacy of self-determination theory.	1
Supplemental Material for Closeness Regulation in Couples: The Temporal Dynamics and Dissociations of Closeness Frustration and Closeness Surfeit	1
Autonomy influences the subjective experience of mental effort during a reading comprehension task.	1
Supplemental Material for You Can(’t) Always Get What You Want: When Goal Persistence Requires Flexibility	1
Acknowledgment	1
Supplemental Material for Learning Contexts Matter: Having Value-Supportive Instructors Moderates the Efficacy of a Utility-Value Intervention in Community College Math	1
Punishment-modulated attentional capture is context specific.	1
Supplemental Material for Goal Motives, Approach/Avoidance Appraisals, Psychological Needs, and Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis	1
Supplemental Material for Some Revenge Now or More Revenge Later? Applying an Intertemporal Framework to Retaliatory Aggression	1
The effect of the intensity of withdrawal-motivation emotion on time perception: Evidence based on the five temporal tasks.	1
“Don’t cross the streams”: How regulatory modes relate to task performance that benefits from either reflective or intuitive thinking.	1
Supplemental Material for Developing a Causally Valid Picture-Story Measure of Sexual Motivation: I. Effects of Priming	1
The cerebellum in aggression: Extending the cortico-limbic dual-route model of motivation and emotion.	1
Supplemental Material for The Two Faces of Persistence: How Harmonious and Obsessive Passion Shape Goal Pursuit	0
Supplemental Material for Congratulations, So Happy for You! Promotion Motivation Predicts Social Support for Positive Events	0
Blind to threat: The presence of temporary goals prevents attention to imminent threat already at early stages of attention allocation.	0
Control alters risk-taking: The motivating impact of action-effectiveness in different risk contexts.	0
Motivation matters: Autonomous motivation sustains the happiness from prosocial behavior.	0
Supplemental Material for Freedom Under Constraints: Accentuating the Positive in the Time of Corona	0
Adherence to COVID-19 measures: The critical role of autonomous motivation on a short- and long-term basis.	0
Supporting one’s own autonomy may be more important than feeling supported by others.	0
Negotiating with yourself and winning: The dual commitment model for intrapersonal sustainability goal conflicts.	0
A supine body posture reduces the error-related negativity: A test of a dissonance theory prediction.	0
Rebels for a reason: How psychological reactance is goal-directed.	0
Dimensional comparisons in the formation of domain-specific achievement goals.	0
A generative legacy: SDT’s refined understanding of the central role of autonomy in human lives.	0
Regulatory focus and thinking about the future versus reality.	0
In it to win it? Comparative evaluation increases zero-sum beliefs.	0
Where are anxiety and personality in the brain?	0
Discrete emotions of dissonance.	0
Considering the revisions of reinforcement sensitivity theory: Commentary on McNaughton (2025).	0
Resolving incompleteness on social media: Online self-symbolizing reduces the orienting effects of incomplete identity goals.	0
Supplemental Material for Understanding Aggression in Adolescence by Studying the Neurobiological Stress System: A Systematic Review	0
Supplemental Material for When Facilitating a Group Member’s (Versus One’s Own) Progress Increases Motivation in Group-Level Goal Pursuit	0
Effects of habit and intention on behavior: Meta-analysis and test of key moderators.	0
The influence of perceptions of intentionality and controllability on perceived responsibility: Applying attribution theory to people’s responses to social transgression in the COVID-19 pandemic.	0
Some revenge now or more revenge later? Applying an intertemporal framework to retaliatory aggression.	0
Implications of psychological reactance for clinical practice in psychiatry including a systematic review.	0
Supplemental Material for Effects of Habit and Intention on Behavior: Meta-Analysis and Test of Key Moderators	0
Freedom under constraints: Accentuating the positive in the time of corona.	0
Motive-modulated attentional orienting: Implicit power motive predicts attentional avoidance of signals of interpersonal dominance.	0
Prosocial motivation can improve time-based prospective memory only under low cognitive load.	0
Embodiment of approach-avoidance behavior: Motivational priming of whole-body movements in a virtual world.	0
Motives and mental contrasting with implementation intentions predict progress and management of goals in parents.	0
Missing out by pursuing rewarding outcomes: Why initial biases can lead to persistent suboptimal choices.	0
Congratulations, so happy for you! Promotion motivation predicts social support for positive events.	0
Regulatory focus and (un)ethical behavior within an organization.	0
Environmental control of human goal pursuit: Investigating cue-based forced responses in a Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer paradigm.	0
Expressing and developing wisdom: A self-determination theory approach.	0
Goal-colored glasses: Goal instrumentality shapes when and with whom shared reality emerges.	0
The utility value of a broad, comprehensive theory of motivation.	0
Supplemental Material for Autonomy Influences the Subjective Experience of Mental Effort During a Reading Comprehension Task	0
Attitude-based self-regulation: A diary study on the role of attitudes in the experience and resolution of self-control conflicts in the context of vegetarians.	0
The motivation of aggression: A cognitive neuroscience approach and neurochemical speculations.	0
Towards a more complex, dynamic, and personalized perspective on development.	0

Supplemental Material for Goal-Colored Glasses: Goal Instrumentality Shapes When and With Whom Shared Reality Emerges	0
Supplemental Material for Developing a Causally Valid Picture-Story Measure of Sexual Motivation: II. Effects of Film Clips	0
Interpersonal relations, group processes, and prosocial motivation: Expanding the perspective. Commentary on Batson (2022).	0
Placing motivation again at the heart of psychology: Commentary on Dweck’s contributions.	0
Thoughts about actions and outcomes (and what they lead to).	0
COVID-19 illegal social gatherings: Predicting rule compliance from autonomous and controlled forms of motivation.	0
Supplemental Material for From Action Initiation to Persistence: A Pavlovian-to-Instrumental Transfer Analysis for Cue-Based Goal Pursuit	0
Supplemental Material for Does Exposure to Sedentary Temptations Activate Physical Activity Goals? A High-Powered Replication Study	0
Disentangling the impact of instructor mindset and demeanor on student experiences.	0
Autonomous versus controlled goal motivation differentially predicts goal progress and well-being through emotion regulation styles.	0
I had coffee (actually tea) with Clark Hull.	0
Acknowledgment	0
Individual concerns modulate reward-related learning and behaviors involving sexual outcomes.	0
Economic inequality and student outcomes: What we know and where to go from here.	0
Your prosody matters! The effect of controlling tone of voice on listeners’ experienced pressure, closeness, and intention to collaborate with the speaker.	0
Episodic binding of approach–avoidance goals to stimuli: On the microgenesis of stimulus-motivated action tendencies to approach and avoid.	0
Supplemental Material for Why Do I Act for the Environment? Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Relationship Between Climate Change Beliefs and Sustainable Actions	0
Committed professionals who are also engaged parents: Can they self-symbolize across identity goals?	0
Measuring avoidance-related trait anger: American and Polish versions of the Avoidance Motivated Response to Anger Scale (AMRAS).	0
Self-determination theory: Eminent legacy with boundless possibilities for advancement.	0
The context-sensitive use of task enrichment to promote self-control: The role of metacognition and trait self-control.	0
The dynamics of doubt: Short-term fluctuations and predictors of doubts in personal goal pursuit.	0
Measuring subjective mental effort as an aversive and enjoyable phenomenon.	0
Supplemental Material for Pavlovian Cues Boost Self-Regulation: Predicting Success With Conditioned Stimuli	0
Poor sleep quality is significantly associated with effort but not temporal discounting of monetary rewards.	0
Supplemental Material for Managing the Motivation of Others: Do Managers Recognize How to Manage Regulatory Focus in Subordinates?	0
Closeness regulation in couples: The temporal dynamics and dissociations of closeness frustration and closeness surfeit.	0
Expectancy-value theory to situated expectancy-value theory: Reflections on the legacy of 40+ years of working together.	0
Self-concordant goal-striving as internalized motivation: Benefits beyond person-goal fit.	0
Beyond counterarguing? Comparing multiple measures of cognitive resistance for psychological reactance using the avoidance, contesting, and empowering (ACE) resistance typology.	0
Supplemental Material for Mapping the Dose–Response Relationship Between Monetary Reward and Cognitive Performance	0
Why motivation for adhering to COVID-19 measures matters: Investigating time-lagged associations with epidemiological indicators.	0
Goal shelving can both undermine and support prioritized goals: The role of opportunity costs.	0
Retribution and utilitarianism as motives for children’s third-party punishment: An information-seeking approach.	0
Harnessing regulatory focus and regulatory fit to improve educational outcomes.	0
Supplemental Material for Autonomous Versus Controlled Goal Motivation Differentially Predicts Goal Progress and Well-Being Through Emotion Regulation Styles	0
A fresh term of service at Motivation Science.	0
Neuroendocrine mechanisms of aggression in rodents.	0
Supplemental Material for Saving the Environment? That Is Beyond My (Will)Power!	0
Saving the environment? That is beyond my (will)power!	0
Role of contingency in reward–emotion interactions during the categorization of emotional facial expressions.	0
Psilocybin legalization in the United States and psychological reactance: A test of evidence uncertainty, controlling language, and an ambiguous call to action.	0
Supplemental Material for Poor Sleep Quality Is Significantly Associated With Effort but Not Temporal Discounting of Monetary Rewards	0
Beyond achievement: Transformation mindset enhances authenticity after goal success.	0
Learning from failure.	0
Student attributions about interest-value shape academic decisions and recommendations.	0
Self-regulatory thought across time and domains.	0
Supplemental Material for Mentalizing in Reactance: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Freedom Threats	0
Supplemental Material for Q: What Is the Recipe for Defense? A: Threat, Anxiety, and Approach Motivation	0
Supplemental Material for Unpacking Motivational Culture: Diverging Emphasis on Communality and Agency Across STEM Domains	0
Social motivations’ limited influence on habitual behavior: Tests from social media engagement.	0
Developing a causally valid picture-story measure of sexual motivation: I. Effects of priming.	0
Supplemental Material for When Will We Join the Road Blockade? (Non)Conformity to Radical Climate Protest Norms Under Salient Threat to Personal Control	0
Supplemental Material for Goal Motives, Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions, and the Self-Regulation of Saving Goals: A Longitudinal Investigation	0
A fictional discussion between the late B. F. Skinner and Edwin A. Locke.	0
Supplemental Material for Beyond Achievement: Transformation Mindset Enhances Authenticity After Goal Success	0
Supplemental Material for Mental Contrasting of a Feared Future and Uptake of Initial COVID-19 Vaccines and Bivalent Booster Shots: Two Randomized Controlled Trials	0
Coding implicit motives in movie clips: Descriptive statistics for a movie pool and coding reliability estimates.	0
The motivational factors underlying delay discounting.	0
Just be yourself? Regulatory focus moderates the effects of societal standards attainment on personal well-being.	0
From feeling to doing in social dilemmas: Emotional and behavioral responses to climate change.	0
The reactive spiral: An initial empirical assessment.	0
Leave to fight another day: Having the option to switch promotes a persistence trade-off.	0
When facilitating a group member’s (versus one’s own) progress increases motivation in group-level goal pursuit.	0
Managing the motivation of others: Do managers recognize how to manage regulatory focus in subordinates?	0
The roles of need satisfaction and passion in symptoms of behavioral addiction: The case of video gaming and gambling.	0
Pushing reactance theory: An examination of the reactance process in the context of advice.	0
Prosocial motivation: A Lewinian approach.	0
The legacies of the neuropsychology of anxiety for Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory.	0
Supplemental Material for Self-Regulatory Thought Across Time and Domains	0
Supplemental Material for Metacognitive Awareness of Subjective Difficulty, Effort, and Frustration in Cognitive Conflict Contexts	0
Developing a causally valid picture-story measure of sexual motivation: II. Effects of film clips.	0
Emotions, action tendencies, and the reinforcement sensitivity theory.	0
Exploring effects of mixed mindset messages from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics instructors.	0
Supplemental Material for Social Motivations’ Limited Influence on Habitual Behavior: Tests From Social Media Engagement	0
When will we join the road blockade? (non)conformity to radical climate protest norms under salient threat to personal control.	0
School context and academic engagement: A longitudinal study on the mediating effect of the motivational self system.	0
Acknowledgment	0
On the multiplicity of prosocial motives. Commentary on Batson (2022).	0
The reflection of motive dispositions in everyday agentic motivational states.	0
Agentic engagement: Transcending passive motivation.	0
Unpacking motivational culture: Diverging emphasis on communality and agency across STEM domains.	0
Moral self-regulation and recycling: Does feeling guilty make us want to recycle more?	0
Modern ideomotor theory of goal-directed action is not what you think: A commentary on Custers (2023).	0
Understanding the desire to play violent video games: An integrative motivational theory.	0
Supplemental Material for Exploring Effects of Mixed Mindset Messages From Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Instructors	0
A context's emphasis on intellectual ability discourages the expression of intellectual humility.	0
The homunculus in the room: A reply to Kunde and Janczyk (2024) and Hommel and Eder (2024).	0
Latent profiles of high school academic intrinsic motivation: Relations to educational attainment, curiosity, and work and leadership motivation in adulthood.	0
You can(’t) always get what you want: When goal persistence requires flexibility.	0
Help is needed. Commentary on Batson (2022).	0
Embodied anger management: Approach-oriented postures moderate whether trait anger becomes translated into state anger and aggression.	0
The role of metamotivational knowledge in the regulation of motivation.	0
Pavlovian cues boost self-regulation: Predicting success with conditioned stimuli.	0
Supplemental Material for Exploring the Link Between Trait Reactance and Antiegalitarian Beliefs	0