OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation is 16. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-05-01 to 2026-05-01.)

Article	Citations
Relapsing and Immune-Responsive Paroxysmal Jaw Clonus With Blepharospasm and Sialorrhea Associated With D2R Autoantibodies	168
Natalizumab Treatment Induces Proinflammatory CD4 T Cells Preferentially in the Integrin β7+ Compartment	153
Comment: Humoral and T-cell Immunities to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Safety, Efficacy, and Challenges in Autoimmune Neurology	95
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod	88
Clinical Presentation, Management, and Diagnostic Performance of 2021 Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes in Childhood	85
CSF Concentrations of CXCL13 and sCD27 Before and After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis	78
Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis	78
A 28-Year-Old Woman With Left-Sided Weakness and Atypical MRI Lesions	77
Pro-Inflammatory Molecules Implicated in Multiple Sclerosis Divert the Development of Human Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells	67
MOG IgG3-Subclass Antibodies in MOG-Associated Disease	67
Early Immunotherapy and Longer Corticosteroid Treatment Are Associated With Lower Risk of Relapsing Disease Course in Pediatric MOGAD	65
Early-Stage Contactin-Associated Protein-like 2 Limbic Encephalitis	62
Immunohistologic Features of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia	62
Synaptic Protein Loss in Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Brain and Retinal Atrophy in People With Multiple Sclerosis	61
Elevated ITGAX/CD11c in CSF-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis	61
Timing of MOG-IgG Testing Is Key to 2023 MOGAD Diagnostic Criteria	60
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Features Associated With Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis	60
Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 ⁺ Regulatory T Cells	58
Treatment With Erythropoietin for Patients With Optic Neuritis	58
Peripheral HLA-DR ^hi CD141 ⁺ Classical Monocytes Predict Relapse Risk and Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis	58
Peripheral Immune Profiles Predict ALS Progression in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Manner	57
Toward Precision Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis	55
Plasma N -Glycan Profiling Enhances Diagnostic Precision in Multiple Sclerosis, AQP4-Ab NMOSD, and MOGAD	55
Acute Paresthesia and Ataxia in a Child	55
Relapsing-Remitting Immunotherapy Responsive Small-Fiber Neuropathy	52

TNF-Blockade for Primary Stroke Prevention in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency	51
Plasma Biomarkers of Neuropathogenesis in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Those With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	49
Intrathecal Inflammatory Profile and Gray Matter Damage Predict Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Early Multiple Sclerosis	49
Should We Measure CSF Complement Levels in Patients With MOGAD?	48
CXCL10/IgG1 Axis in Multiple Sclerosis as a Potential Predictive Biomarker of Disease Activity	48
Cell-Free DNA Derived From Neutrophils Triggers Type 1 Interferon Signature in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder	48
Proteomics Analysis Moves the Needle by Generating Clinical Diagnostic Markers	46
Immunotherapy-Responsive Neuropathic Pain and Allodynia in a Patient With Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies	45
Effect of Prior Treatment With Fingolimod on Early and Late Response to Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	44
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review	43
The Role of Complement Activation in IgM M-Protein–Associated Neuropathies	43
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Responses in Pediatric Neurofascin 155-IgG4 Autoimmune Nodopathy	43
Novel Cell-Based Assay for Alpha-3 Nicotinic Receptor Antibodies Detects Antibodies Exclusively in Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy	43
Comparative Study of Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis With GABA _B R Antibodies	43
Epstein-Barr Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Compartments of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Controls	40
Sustained Low Relapse Rate With Highly Variable B-Cell Repopulation Dynamics With Extended Rituximab Dosing Intervals in Multiple Sclerosis	39
Trigeminal Nerve Involvement in Bulbar-Onset Anti-IgLON5 Disease	39
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease	38
Applying the Supporting Features for MOGAD Diagnosis to Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	36
Clinical Features of Children With MOG-IgG Who Fulfill Criteria of Multiple Sclerosis and Overlapping Disorders	35
Serum Levels of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plasma Agonist Activity Are Reduced in Patients With NMOSD and Correlate With Disease Activity	35
Genetic Risk Variants for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Loci Linked to Intrathecal Immunoglobulin G Synthesis	35
Peptides From the Variable Domain of Immunoglobulin G as Biomarkers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy	35
Acknowledgment to Reviewers	34
“Will the Real Demyelinating Disorder Please Stand Up?”	34
Spironolactone Targets Retinoid X Receptor γ to Promote Myelin Sheath Regeneration	33
Deep Phenotyping of Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	33
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	32
Absence of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Increased CSF Prostaglandin F2α in Progressive MS	32
Successful Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate	31
Integrin β1 Demarks Precursors of Brain-Residing Antibody-Secreting Cells in Multiple Sclerosis	31
A 42-Year-Old Woman With Rapidly Expanding White Matter Lesions	31
Clinicopathologic Profiles of Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy	30
Relative Frequency and Distinctive Features of Anti-Ma2 Nonparaneoplastic Neurologic Disorders	30
Chronic Dengue Virus Encephalitis	29
Cognitive Impairment, Associated Clinical Factors, and MR Volumetric Measures in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG–Associated Disease	29
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	29
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	29
Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies	29
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	29
Neurologic Manifestations of Common Variable Immunodeficiency	29
Elsberg Syndrome Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient	29
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration With P/Q-VGCC vs Yo Autoantibodies	29
Lymphocyte Dynamics and the Emergence of Secondary Autoimmunity Following Immune Reconstitution Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis	28
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Satralizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder From the SAkuraMoon Open-Label Extension Study	28
Rituximab Use for Relapse Prevention in Anti-NMDAR Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis	27
Clinical and Immunologic Effects of Paraprobiotics in Long-COVID Patients	27
Immune Effector Cell–Associated Neurotoxicity Delayed Relapse After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy	26
Effect of Previous Disease-Modifying Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness for Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab	26
Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis	26

Modeling MOG Antibody–Associated Disorder and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Animal Models	26
Complement C4d Informs the Differential Diagnosis of Inflammatory Demyelinating CNS Diseases	26
Cryptococcal Meningitis Reported With Fingolimod Treatment	26
Clinical Characterization and Ancillary Tests in Susac Syndrome	25
Natalizumab Promotes Activation of Peripheral Monocytes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	25
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	25
Distinct Epitopes Are Associated With Clinical Phenotypes in Autoimmune Nodopathies With Anti-Contactin1 Autoantibodies	25
Fulminant Amyloid β–Related Angiitis With Herniation and Rapid Response to Tocilizumab	25
Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis	25
Chronic Active Lesions and Larger Choroid Plexus Explain Cognition and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis	25
Ten Years of Neurology ® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation	25
Alterations in Gut Microbiome-Host Relationships After Immune Perturbation in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	24
MRI Features and Their Association With Outcomes in Children With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	24
Brain-Resident MAIT Cells Infiltrate GL261 Tumors, and Activated MAIT Cell Signatures Are Associated With Improved Outcomes in Glioma	24
mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Does Not Exacerbate Symptoms or Trigger Neural Antibody Responses in Multiple Sclerosis	24
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	23
Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis Affect Measures of Cellular Immune Responses to EBNA-1 Peptides	23
Progressive Encephalomyelopathy in an Older Man	23
Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition Limits Multiple Sclerosis Disease–Driving Inflammation While Promoting Regulatory B Cells	23
Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Related Inflammation	23
Immune Profiling Reveals the T-Cell Effect of Ocrelizumab in Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	23
Unknown Immunoregulatory Effects of FcRn Inhibition by Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	23
PET Study of Microglial Activation in Kleine-Levin Syndrome	23
Retinal Damage and Visual Network Reconfiguration Defines Visual Function Recovery in Optic Neuritis	23
HLA-DRB115:01 and the MERTK* Gene Interact to Selectively Influence the Profile of MERTK-Expressing Monocytes in Both Health and MS	23
Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab Extended Interval Dosing Therapy in Japan	23
Treg Susceptibility to Cladribine-Induced Depletion Correlates With Therapy Response in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	23
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	22
Reduced Hospital Incidence of Autoimmune Encephalitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic	22
Assessing Commercial Tissue-Based Assays for Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders (I)	22
Proinflammatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	22
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis	22
Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Survival	21
Visually Evoked Potential as Prognostic Biomarker for Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort	21
MIF Tautomerase Inhibition Protects Neurons From Immune-Mediated Cell Death	21
Rate of Retinal Layer Thinning as a Biomarker for Conversion to Progressive Disease in Multiple Sclerosis	21
Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Aquaporin-4-IgG–Positive NMOSD	21
Area Postrema Syndrome in Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	21
Anti-Hu Antibodies in Patients With Neurologic Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors	21
Association of NEDA-4 With No Long-term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis and Comparison With NEDA-3	20
CAR-T Cell–Mediated B-Cell Depletion in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity	20
Ravulizumab and Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	20
Extensive Corticospinal Tract Involvement in a Patient With Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	19
Paraneoplastic Brachial Amyotrophic Diplegia With Favorable Outcome and Anti-Ank3 Antibodies	19
SARS-CoV-2–Specific Immune Responses in Patients With Postviral Syndrome After Suspected COVID-19	19
Mitoxantrone in NMO Spectrum Disorder in a Large Multicenter Cohort in French Caribbean	19
Imaging Characteristics of Choroid Plexuses in Presymptomatic Multiple Sclerosis	19
CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells	19
Multiple Sclerosis in the Emergency Department	19
Extracellular Vesicle Marker Changes Associated With Disease Activity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	19
Different Complement Activation Patterns Following C5 Cleavage in MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD	19
Cerebellar Ataxia With Anti-DNER Antibodies	19
Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	18
Spinal Cord Leptomeningeal Enhancement as a Marker of Extensive Spinal Cord Involvement in Children With MOGAD	18
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity and Disability Following Cessation of Fingolimod for Pregnancy	18
Progressive Myelitis in a 63-Year-Old Woman	18
A 79-Year-Old Woman With Worsening Headaches and Pachymeningeal Enhancement	18
EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis	18
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	18
Antibody Investigations in 2,750 Children With Suspected Autoimmune Encephalitis	17
Dynamics of Retinal Vessel Loss After Acute Optic Neuritis in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis	17
Genomic and Serologic Characterization of Enterovirus A71 Brainstem Encephalitis	17
Cytomegalovirus Drives the Development of Cytotoxic CD4 ⁺ T Cells in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	17
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies	17
Retinal Changes in Double-Antibody Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders	17
Inflammatory Activity After Diverse Fertility Treatments	17
Increased NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis With Fingolimod Treatment Failure	16
Movement Disorders in Antibody-Associated Neurologic Diseases	16
Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Multiple Sclerosis Correlate With Lesions Containing Foamy Macrophages and With Acute Axonal Damage	16
Mutational Profile in 75 Patients With Anti–Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy	16
Microstructural Damage and Repair in the Spinal Cord of Patients With Early Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Disability at 5 Years	16
Seizure Semiology in Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis	16
Single-Cell Multi-Omics Map of Cell Type–Specific Mechanistic Drivers of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	16
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition–Related Myasthenia-Myositis-Myocarditis Responsive to Complement Blockade	16
Serological Markers of Clinical Improvement in MuSK Myasthenia Gravis	16
Multiple Sclerosis Patient Macrophages Impaired Metabolism Leads to an Altered Response to Activation Stimuli	16