OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation is 18. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-09-01 to 2025-09-01.)

Article	Citations
Differential Binding of Autoantibodies to MOG Isoforms in Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases	155
A 28-Year-Old Woman With Left-Sided Weakness and Atypical MRI Lesions	152
Immunohistologic Features of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia	132
Natalizumab Treatment Induces Proinflammatory CD4 T Cells Preferentially in the Integrin β7+ Compartment	124
Elevated ITGAX/CD11c in CSF-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis	121
Comment: Humoral and T-cell Immunities to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Safety, Efficacy, and Challenges in Autoimmune Neurology	107
Relapsing and Immune-Responsive Paroxysmal Jaw Clonus With Blepharospasm and Sialorrhea Associated With D2R Autoantibodies	101
Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis	89
T-Cell Specificity Influences Disease Heterogeneity in Multiple Sclerosis	88
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod	84
Clinical Presentation, Management, and Diagnostic Performance of 2021 Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes in Childhood	74
Pro-Inflammatory Molecules Implicated in Multiple Sclerosis Divert the Development of Human Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells	74
Early Immunotherapy and Longer Corticosteroid Treatment Are Associated With Lower Risk of Relapsing Disease Course in Pediatric MOGAD	73
CSF Concentrations of CXCL13 and sCD27 Before and After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis	69
Early-Stage Contactin-Associated Protein-like 2 Limbic Encephalitis	68
Cortical and Subcortical Dysmetabolism Are Dynamic Markers of Clinical Disability and Course in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis	66
Peripheral HLA-DR ^hi CD141 ⁺ Classical Monocytes Predict Relapse Risk and Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis	63
Baicalin Promotes CNS Remyelination via PPARγ Signal Pathway	62
Timing of MOG-IgG Testing Is Key to 2023 MOGAD Diagnostic Criteria	61
Plasma Biomarkers of Neuropathogenesis in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Those With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	61
Relapsing-Remitting Immunotherapy Responsive Small-Fiber Neuropathy	59
Synaptic Protein Loss in Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Brain and Retinal Atrophy in People With Multiple Sclerosis	57
Intrathecal Inflammatory Profile and Gray Matter Damage Predict Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Early Multiple Sclerosis	51
COVID-19 in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disease in North America	49
Should We Measure CSF Complement Levels in Patients With MOGAD?	49

CXCL10/IgG1 Axis in Multiple Sclerosis as a Potential Predictive Biomarker of Disease Activity	48
TNF-Blockade for Primary Stroke Prevention in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency	48
Cell-Free DNA Derived From Neutrophils Triggers Type 1 Interferon Signature in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder	48
Acute Paresthesia and Ataxia in a Child	47
Encephalitis and Myelitis in a Young Woman	46
Peripheral Immune Profiles Predict ALS Progression in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Manner	46
Genome-wide Association Study Identifies 2 New Loci Associated With Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis	45
Proteomics Analysis Moves the Needle by Generating Clinical Diagnostic Markers	45
Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 ⁺ Regulatory T Cells	45
Toward Precision Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis	45
Treatment With Erythropoietin for Patients With Optic Neuritis	45
The Role of Complement Activation in IgM M-Protein–Associated Neuropathies	44
Novel Cell-Based Assay for Alpha-3 Nicotinic Receptor Antibodies Detects Antibodies Exclusively in Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy	44
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease	44
Comparative Study of Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis With GABA _B R Antibodies	43
Clinical Features of Children With MOG-IgG Who Fulfill Criteria of Multiple Sclerosis and Overlapping Disorders	43
Trigeminal Nerve Involvement in Bulbar-Onset Anti-IgLON5 Disease	43
Immunotherapy-Responsive Neuropathic Pain and Allodynia in a Patient With Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies	43
Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography in Neuromyelitis Optica	43
Blocking Placental Class G Immunoglobulin Transfer Prevents NMDA Receptor Antibody Effects in Newborn Mice	43
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Responses in Pediatric Neurofascin 155-IgG4 Autoimmune Nodopathy	43
Epstein-Barr Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Compartments of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Controls	42
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review	42
B-Cell Compartmental Features and Molecular Basis for Therapy in Autoimmune Disease	42
Antineonatal Fc Receptor Antibody Treatment Ameliorates MOG-IgG–Associated Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	41
Sustained Low Relapse Rate With Highly Variable B-Cell Repopulation Dynamics With Extended Rituximab Dosing Intervals in Multiple Sclerosis	41
Antiplexin D1 Antibodies Relate to Small Fiber Neuropathy and Induce Neuropathic Pain in Animals	39
Deep Phenotyping of Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	38
Clinicopathologic Profiles of Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy	38
Effect of Prior Treatment With Fingolimod on Early and Late Response to Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	38
Serum Levels of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plasma Agonist Activity Are Reduced in Patients With NMOSD and Correlate With Disease Activity	37
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	36
Acknowledgment to Reviewers	35
Absence of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Increased CSF Prostaglandin F2α in Progressive MS	35
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	33
“Will the Real Demyelinating Disorder Please Stand Up?”	33
A 42-Year-Old Woman With Rapidly Expanding White Matter Lesions	33
Cognitive Impairment, Associated Clinical Factors, and MR Volumetric Measures in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG–Associated Disease	33
Interim Analysis of Pregnancy Outcomes After Exposure to Dimethyl Fumarate in a Prospective International Registry	32
Peptides From the Variable Domain of Immunoglobulin G as Biomarkers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy	32
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration With P/Q-VGCC vs Yo Autoantibodies	32
Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies	31
Modeling MOG Antibody–Associated Disorder and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Animal Models	31
Clinical and Immunologic Effects of Paraprobiotics in Long-COVID Patients	31
B Cells in the CNS at Postmortem Are Associated With Worse Outcome and Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis	31
Chronic Dengue Virus Encephalitis	31
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	30
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	30
Elsberg Syndrome Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient	30
Rituximab Use for Relapse Prevention in Anti-NMDAR Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis	30

Neurologic Manifestations of Common Variable Immunodeficiency	30
Recovery From COVID-19 in Multiple Sclerosis	30
Effect of Previous Disease-Modifying Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness for Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab	30
Cortical Thickness and Serum NfL Explain Cognitive Dysfunction in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	30
mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Does Not Exacerbate Symptoms or Trigger Neural Antibody Responses in Multiple Sclerosis	29
Natalizumab Promotes Activation of Peripheral Monocytes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	29
Cryptococcal Meningitis Reported With Fingolimod Treatment	29
Clinical Characterization and Ancillary Tests in Susac Syndrome	29
MRI Features and Their Association With Outcomes in Children With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	29
Alterations in Gut Microbiome-Host Relationships After Immune Perturbation in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	29
Chronic Active Lesions and Larger Choroid Plexus Explain Cognition and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis	29
Unknown Immunoregulatory Effects of FcRn Inhibition by Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	28
Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis	28
CCR5 Blockade in Inflammatory PML and PML-IRIS Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases' Treatments	28
Ten Years of Neurology ® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation	28
Ocrelizumab Extended Interval Dosing in Multiple Sclerosis in Times of COVID-19	27
Area Postrema Syndrome in Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	27
HLA-DRB115:01 and the MERTK* Gene Interact to Selectively Influence the Profile of MERTK-Expressing Monocytes in Both Health and MS	27
Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis Affect Measures of Cellular Immune Responses to EBNA-1 Peptides	26
Rate of Retinal Layer Thinning as a Biomarker for Conversion to Progressive Disease in Multiple Sclerosis	26
Assessing Commercial Tissue-Based Assays for Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders (I)	26
PET Study of Microglial Activation in Kleine-Levin Syndrome	26
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	26
Progressive Encephalomyelopathy in an Older Man	26
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	26
Immune Profiling Reveals the T-Cell Effect of Ocrelizumab in Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	25
Retinal Damage and Visual Network Reconfiguration Defines Visual Function Recovery in Optic Neuritis	25
Prognostic Accuracy of NEDA-3 in Long-term Outcomes of Multiple Sclerosis	25
Anti-Hu Antibodies in Patients With Neurologic Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors	25
Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Survival	25
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	24
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis	24
Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	24
Extracellular Vesicle Marker Changes Associated With Disease Activity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	23
Progressive Myelitis in a 63-Year-Old Woman	23
Multiple Sclerosis in the Emergency Department	23
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity and Disability Following Cessation of Fingolimod for Pregnancy	23
Different Complement Activation Patterns Following C5 Cleavage in MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD	22
Evaluation of Age-Dependent Immune Signatures in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	22
CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells	22
Mitoxantrone in NMO Spectrum Disorder in a Large Multicenter Cohort in French Caribbean	22
Cerebellar Ataxia With Anti-DNER Antibodies	22
Visually Evoked Potential as Prognostic Biomarker for Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort	22
Imaging Characteristics of Choroid Plexuses in Presymptomatic Multiple Sclerosis	22
CAR-T Cell–Mediated B-Cell Depletion in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity	22
Association of NEDA-4 With No Long-term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis and Comparison With NEDA-3	22
SARS-CoV-2–Specific Immune Responses in Patients With Postviral Syndrome After Suspected COVID-19	22
Retinal Changes in Double-Antibody Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders	21
Ravulizumab and Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	21
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	21
Dynamics of Retinal Vessel Loss After Acute Optic Neuritis in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis	21
Antibody Investigations in 2,750 Children With Suspected Autoimmune Encephalitis	21
Microstructural Damage and Repair in the Spinal Cord of Patients With Early Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Disability at 5 Years	21
A 79-Year-Old Woman With Worsening Headaches and Pachymeningeal Enhancement	21
Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among Patients With Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis	21
Comparison of Structural Changes in Nodding Syndrome and Other Epilepsies Associated With Onchocerca volvulus	20
Mutational Profile in 75 Patients With Anti–Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy	20
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in Africa	20
Single-Cell Multi-Omics Map of Cell Type–Specific Mechanistic Drivers of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	20
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition–Related Myasthenia-Myositis-Myocarditis Responsive to Complement Blockade	20
Neurofilament Light in CSF and Plasma Is a Marker of Neuronal Damage in HTLV-1–Associated Myelopathy and Correlates With Neuroinflammation	20
Increased NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis With Fingolimod Treatment Failure	20
Inflammatory Activity After Diverse Fertility Treatments	20
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies	20
Combined Treatment With Pembrolizumab and Allogenic BK Virus-Specific T Cells in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	19
Human Leukocyte Antigen Association Study Reveals DRB104:02 Effects Additional to DRB107:01 in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis	19
Autopsy Case of Meningoencephalomyelitis Associated With Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Antibody	19
Multiple Sclerosis Patient Macrophages Impaired Metabolism Leads to an Altered Response to Activation Stimuli	19
Microglia as Central Protagonists in the Chronic Stress Response	19
Neurofilament Light Chain as a Discriminator of Disease Activity Status in MOG Antibody-Associated Disease	19
COVID-19 Vaccination Reactogenicity in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis	19
COVID-19 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis	19
B-Cell Reconstitution After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Sclerosis	18
Dimethyl Fumarate Reduces Inflammation in Chronic Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	18
Immune and Genetic Signatures of Breast Carcinomas Triggering Anti-Yo–Associated Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration	18
Seizure Semiology in Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis	18
Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Multiple Sclerosis Correlate With Lesions Containing Foamy Macrophages and With Acute Axonal Damage	18
Dramatic Response to Anti-IL-6 Receptor Therapy in Children With Life-Threatening Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Associated Disease	18
Serological Markers of Clinical Improvement in MuSK Myasthenia Gravis	18
MOG Antibody–Associated Disease in the Setting of Metastatic Melanoma Complicated by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Use	18

Identification of Distinct Biological Groups of Patients With Cryptogenic NORSE via Inflammatory Profiling	18
Primary Angiitis of the CNS	18
Oral and Gut Dysbiosis in Migraine	18
Retrospective Pediatric Cohort Study Validates NEOS Score and Demonstrates Applicability in Children With Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis	18