OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation is 18. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-11-01 to 2025-11-01.)

Article	Citations
Elevated ITGAX/CD11c in CSF-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis	170
Clinical Presentation, Management, and Diagnostic Performance of 2021 Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes in Childhood	156
Natalizumab Treatment Induces Proinflammatory CD4 T Cells Preferentially in the Integrin β7+ Compartment	133
CSF Concentrations of CXCL13 and sCD27 Before and After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis	129
Early-Stage Contactin-Associated Protein-like 2 Limbic Encephalitis	108
Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis	104
Relapsing and Immune-Responsive Paroxysmal Jaw Clonus With Blepharospasm and Sialorrhea Associated With D2R Autoantibodies	90
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod	81
Comment: Humoral and T-cell Immunities to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Safety, Efficacy, and Challenges in Autoimmune Neurology	77
Immunohistologic Features of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia	75
Cortical and Subcortical Dysmetabolism Are Dynamic Markers of Clinical Disability and Course in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis	72
A 28-Year-Old Woman With Left-Sided Weakness and Atypical MRI Lesions	69
T-Cell Specificity Influences Disease Heterogeneity in Multiple Sclerosis	69
Pro-Inflammatory Molecules Implicated in Multiple Sclerosis Divert the Development of Human Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells	68
Early Immunotherapy and Longer Corticosteroid Treatment Are Associated With Lower Risk of Relapsing Disease Course in Pediatric MOGAD	68
Relapsing-Remitting Immunotherapy Responsive Small-Fiber Neuropathy	66
Should We Measure CSF Complement Levels in Patients With MOGAD?	62
Peripheral HLA-DR ^hi CD141 ⁺ Classical Monocytes Predict Relapse Risk and Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis	60
TNF-Blockade for Primary Stroke Prevention in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency	58
CXCL10/IgG1 Axis in Multiple Sclerosis as a Potential Predictive Biomarker of Disease Activity	57
Acute Paresthesia and Ataxia in a Child	52
Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 ⁺ Regulatory T Cells	52
Genome-wide Association Study Identifies 2 New Loci Associated With Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis	51
Timing of MOG-IgG Testing Is Key to 2023 MOGAD Diagnostic Criteria	51
Synaptic Protein Loss in Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Brain and Retinal Atrophy in People With Multiple Sclerosis	51

Plasma N -Glycan Profiling Enhances Diagnostic Precision in Multiple Sclerosis, AQP4-Ab NMOSD, and MOGAD	51
Intrathecal Inflammatory Profile and Gray Matter Damage Predict Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Early Multiple Sclerosis	50
Baicalin Promotes CNS Remyelination via PPARγ Signal Pathway	50
Treatment With Erythropoietin for Patients With Optic Neuritis	50
Cell-Free DNA Derived From Neutrophils Triggers Type 1 Interferon Signature in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder	50
Plasma Biomarkers of Neuropathogenesis in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Those With Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	49
Toward Precision Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis	48
Novel Cell-Based Assay for Alpha-3 Nicotinic Receptor Antibodies Detects Antibodies Exclusively in Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy	48
Peripheral Immune Profiles Predict ALS Progression in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Manner	48
Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography in Neuromyelitis Optica	47
Blocking Placental Class G Immunoglobulin Transfer Prevents NMDA Receptor Antibody Effects in Newborn Mice	47
Proteomics Analysis Moves the Needle by Generating Clinical Diagnostic Markers	47
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review	46
Epstein-Barr Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Compartments of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Controls	46
Immunotherapy-Responsive Neuropathic Pain and Allodynia in a Patient With Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies	46
Clinical Features of Children With MOG-IgG Who Fulfill Criteria of Multiple Sclerosis and Overlapping Disorders	45
Applying the Supporting Features for MOGAD Diagnosis to Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	45
Trigeminal Nerve Involvement in Bulbar-Onset Anti-IgLON5 Disease	44
Comparative Study of Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis With GABA _B R Antibodies	44
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Responses in Pediatric Neurofascin 155-IgG4 Autoimmune Nodopathy	44
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease	44
Genetic Risk Variants for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Loci Linked to Intrathecal Immunoglobulin G Synthesis	43
Effect of Prior Treatment With Fingolimod on Early and Late Response to Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	43
The Role of Complement Activation in IgM M-Protein–Associated Neuropathies	40
Sustained Low Relapse Rate With Highly Variable B-Cell Repopulation Dynamics With Extended Rituximab Dosing Intervals in Multiple Sclerosis	39
Antineonatal Fc Receptor Antibody Treatment Ameliorates MOG-IgG–Associated Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	39
B-Cell Compartmental Features and Molecular Basis for Therapy in Autoimmune Disease	38
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	37
Serum Levels of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plasma Agonist Activity Are Reduced in Patients With NMOSD and Correlate With Disease Activity	36
“Will the Real Demyelinating Disorder Please Stand Up?”	35
Absence of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Increased CSF Prostaglandin F2α in Progressive MS	35
Peptides From the Variable Domain of Immunoglobulin G as Biomarkers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy	34
Spironolactone Targets Retinoid X Receptor γ to Promote Myelin Sheath Regeneration	34
Acknowledgment to Reviewers	34
Cognitive Impairment, Associated Clinical Factors, and MR Volumetric Measures in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG–Associated Disease	33
Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration With P/Q-VGCC vs Yo Autoantibodies	33
A 42-Year-Old Woman With Rapidly Expanding White Matter Lesions	32
Deep Phenotyping of Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	32
Neurologic Manifestations of Common Variable Immunodeficiency	32
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	32
Interim Analysis of Pregnancy Outcomes After Exposure to Dimethyl Fumarate in a Prospective International Registry	32
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	32
Clinicopathologic Profiles of Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy	32
Elsberg Syndrome Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient	32
Chronic Dengue Virus Encephalitis	32
Rituximab Use for Relapse Prevention in Anti-NMDAR Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis	31
Effect of Previous Disease-Modifying Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness for Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab	31
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	31
Clinical and Immunologic Effects of Paraprobiotics in Long-COVID Patients	31
Cryptococcal Meningitis Reported With Fingolimod Treatment	31

Recovery From COVID-19 in Multiple Sclerosis	31
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Satralizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder From the SAkuraMoon Open-Label Extension Study	31
Lymphocyte Dynamics and the Emergence of Secondary Autoimmunity Following Immune Reconstitution Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis	30
Modeling MOG Antibody–Associated Disorder and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Animal Models	30
B Cells in the CNS at Postmortem Are Associated With Worse Outcome and Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis	30
Cortical Thickness and Serum NfL Explain Cognitive Dysfunction in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	29
Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies	29
MRI Features and Their Association With Outcomes in Children With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	29
Alterations in Gut Microbiome-Host Relationships After Immune Perturbation in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	28
mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Does Not Exacerbate Symptoms or Trigger Neural Antibody Responses in Multiple Sclerosis	28
Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis	28
Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis	28
Natalizumab Promotes Activation of Peripheral Monocytes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	28
Ten Years of Neurology ® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation	28
Clinical Characterization and Ancillary Tests in Susac Syndrome	28
Unknown Immunoregulatory Effects of FcRn Inhibition by Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	27
Chronic Active Lesions and Larger Choroid Plexus Explain Cognition and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis	27
CCR5 Blockade in Inflammatory PML and PML-IRIS Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases' Treatments	27
Progressive Encephalomyelopathy in an Older Man	26
HLA-DRB115:01 and the MERTK* Gene Interact to Selectively Influence the Profile of MERTK-Expressing Monocytes in Both Health and MS	26
Proinflammatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	26
Anti-Hu Antibodies in Patients With Neurologic Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors	26
Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab Extended Interval Dosing Therapy in Japan	26
Prognostic Accuracy of NEDA-3 in Long-term Outcomes of Multiple Sclerosis	25
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	25
Immune Profiling Reveals the T-Cell Effect of Ocrelizumab in Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	25
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	25
Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis Affect Measures of Cellular Immune Responses to EBNA-1 Peptides	24
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	24
Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Related Inflammation	24
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis	24
Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Survival	23
PET Study of Microglial Activation in Kleine-Levin Syndrome	23
Retinal Damage and Visual Network Reconfiguration Defines Visual Function Recovery in Optic Neuritis	23
Rate of Retinal Layer Thinning as a Biomarker for Conversion to Progressive Disease in Multiple Sclerosis	23
Progressive Myelitis in a 63-Year-Old Woman	22
Multiple Sclerosis in the Emergency Department	22
Assessing Commercial Tissue-Based Assays for Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders (I)	22
Association of NEDA-4 With No Long-term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis and Comparison With NEDA-3	22
CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells	22
Area Postrema Syndrome in Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	22
Mitoxantrone in NMO Spectrum Disorder in a Large Multicenter Cohort in French Caribbean	22
Extensive Corticospinal Tract Involvement in a Patient With Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	22
Ravulizumab and Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	21
Cerebellar Ataxia With Anti-DNER Antibodies	21
Visually Evoked Potential as Prognostic Biomarker for Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort	21
Evaluation of Age-Dependent Immune Signatures in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	21
Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	21
Different Complement Activation Patterns Following C5 Cleavage in MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD	21
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity and Disability Following Cessation of Fingolimod for Pregnancy	21
SARS-CoV-2–Specific Immune Responses in Patients With Postviral Syndrome After Suspected COVID-19	21
Paraneoplastic Brachial Amyotrophic Diplegia With Favorable Outcome and Anti-Ank3 Antibodies	21
Extracellular Vesicle Marker Changes Associated With Disease Activity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	21
CAR-T Cell–Mediated B-Cell Depletion in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity	20
Neurofilament Light in CSF and Plasma Is a Marker of Neuronal Damage in HTLV-1–Associated Myelopathy and Correlates With Neuroinflammation	20
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition–Related Myasthenia-Myositis-Myocarditis Responsive to Complement Blockade	20
Antibody Investigations in 2,750 Children With Suspected Autoimmune Encephalitis	20
Imaging Characteristics of Choroid Plexuses in Presymptomatic Multiple Sclerosis	20
Genomic and Serologic Characterization of Enterovirus A71 Brainstem Encephalitis	20
Mutational Profile in 75 Patients With Anti–Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy	20
Retinal Changes in Double-Antibody Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders	20
Increased NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis With Fingolimod Treatment Failure	20
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders in Africa	20
Single-Cell Multi-Omics Map of Cell Type–Specific Mechanistic Drivers of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	19
Siponimod Inhibits the Formation of Meningeal Ectopic Lymphoid Tissue in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	19
Inflammatory Activity After Diverse Fertility Treatments	19
Microstructural Damage and Repair in the Spinal Cord of Patients With Early Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Disability at 5 Years	19
Dynamics of Retinal Vessel Loss After Acute Optic Neuritis in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis	19
Autopsy Case of Meningoencephalomyelitis Associated With Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Antibody	19
A 79-Year-Old Woman With Worsening Headaches and Pachymeningeal Enhancement	19
Serological Markers of Clinical Improvement in MuSK Myasthenia Gravis	19
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies	19
COVID-19 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis	18
Dimethyl Fumarate Reduces Inflammation in Chronic Active Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	18
Human Leukocyte Antigen Association Study Reveals DRB104:02 Effects Additional to DRB107:01 in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis	18
Comparison of Structural Changes in Nodding Syndrome and Other Epilepsies Associated With Onchocerca volvulus	18
Neurofilament Light Chain as a Discriminator of Disease Activity Status in MOG Antibody-Associated Disease	18
Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Multiple Sclerosis Correlate With Lesions Containing Foamy Macrophages and With Acute Axonal Damage	18
B-Cell Reconstitution After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Sclerosis	18
Multiple Sclerosis Patient Macrophages Impaired Metabolism Leads to an Altered Response to Activation Stimuli	18

Identification of Distinct Biological Groups of Patients With Cryptogenic NORSE via Inflammatory Profiling	18
Microglia as Central Protagonists in the Chronic Stress Response	18
Seizure Semiology in Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis	18
Primary Angiitis of the CNS	18