OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Neurology-Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation is 17. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-08-01 to 2026-08-01.)

Article	Citations
Clinical Presentation, Management, and Diagnostic Performance of 2021 Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes in Childhood	167
MOG IgG3-Subclass Antibodies in MOG-Associated Disease	94
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod	92
Early-Stage Contactin-Associated Protein-like 2 Limbic Encephalitis	80
CSF Concentrations of CXCL13 and sCD27 Before and After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis	80
Early Immunotherapy and Longer Corticosteroid Treatment Are Associated With Lower Risk of Relapsing Disease Course in Pediatric MOGAD	71
Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis	70
A 28-Year-Old Woman With Left-Sided Weakness and Atypical MRI Lesions	70
Immunohistologic Features of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Due to Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia	69
Elevated ITGAX/CD11c in CSF-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis	67
Pro-Inflammatory Molecules Implicated in Multiple Sclerosis Divert the Development of Human Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells	64
Natalizumab Treatment Induces Proinflammatory CD4 T Cells Preferentially in the Integrin β7+ Compartment	63
Synaptic Protein Loss in Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Brain and Retinal Atrophy in People With Multiple Sclerosis	63
Peripheral HLA-DR ^hi CD141 ⁺ Classical Monocytes Predict Relapse Risk and Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis	62
Treatment With Erythropoietin for Patients With Optic Neuritis	61
Plasma N -Glycan Profiling Enhances Diagnostic Precision in Multiple Sclerosis, AQP4-Ab NMOSD, and MOGAD	61
Acute Paresthesia and Ataxia in a Child	61
Should We Measure CSF Complement Levels in Patients With MOGAD?	60
CXCL10/IgG1 Axis in Multiple Sclerosis as a Potential Predictive Biomarker of Disease Activity	58
Relapsing-Remitting Immunotherapy Responsive Small-Fiber Neuropathy	56
TNF-Blockade for Primary Stroke Prevention in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency	53
Intrathecal Inflammatory Profile and Gray Matter Damage Predict Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Early Multiple Sclerosis	51
Toward Precision Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis	51
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Features Associated With Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis	50
Peripheral Immune Profiles Predict ALS Progression in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Manner	49

Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 ⁺ Regulatory T Cells	48
Immunotherapy-Responsive Neuropathic Pain and Allodynia in a Patient With Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies	47
Proteomics Analysis Moves the Needle by Generating Clinical Diagnostic Markers	47
Timing of MOG-IgG Testing Is Key to 2023 MOGAD Diagnostic Criteria	47
Effect of Prior Treatment With Fingolimod on Early and Late Response to Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	46
Genetic Risk Variants for Multiple Sclerosis and Other Loci Linked to Intrathecal Immunoglobulin G Synthesis	45
The Role of Complement Activation in IgM M-Protein–Associated Neuropathies	44
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review	43
Trigeminal Nerve Involvement in Bulbar-Onset Anti-IgLON5 Disease	41
Applying the Supporting Features for MOGAD Diagnosis to Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	39
Clinical Features of Children With MOG-IgG Who Fulfill Criteria of Multiple Sclerosis and Overlapping Disorders	38
Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Retinal Neuronal Loss as Additive Prognostic Markers of Disability in Multiple Sclerosis	37
Epstein-Barr Virus in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Compartments of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Controls	36
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease	36
Inside the Heterogeneity of Primary CNS Vasculitis	36
Sustained Low Relapse Rate With Highly Variable B-Cell Repopulation Dynamics With Extended Rituximab Dosing Intervals in Multiple Sclerosis	35
Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Responses in Pediatric Neurofascin 155-IgG4 Autoimmune Nodopathy	35
Peptides From the Variable Domain of Immunoglobulin G as Biomarkers in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy	34
Comparative Study of Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis With GABA _B R Antibodies	34
“Will the Real Demyelinating Disorder Please Stand Up?”	33
Serum Levels of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plasma Agonist Activity Are Reduced in Patients With NMOSD and Correlate With Disease Activity	33
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	32
Acknowledgment to Reviewers	32
Integrin β1 Demarks Precursors of Brain-Residing Antibody-Secreting Cells in Multiple Sclerosis	32
Absence of Systemic Oxidative Stress and Increased CSF Prostaglandin F2α in Progressive MS	32
Successful Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy With Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate	32
Spironolactone Targets Retinoid X Receptor γ to Promote Myelin Sheath Regeneration	32
Relative Frequency and Distinctive Features of Anti-Ma2 Nonparaneoplastic Neurologic Disorders	31
A 42-Year-Old Woman With Rapidly Expanding White Matter Lesions	31
Chronic Dengue Virus Encephalitis	30
Deep Phenotyping of Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection	30
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	30
Lymphocyte Dynamics and the Emergence of Secondary Autoimmunity Following Immune Reconstitution Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis	30
Cognitive Impairment, Associated Clinical Factors, and MR Volumetric Measures in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG–Associated Disease	30
Neurologic Manifestations of Common Variable Immunodeficiency	30
Elsberg Syndrome Secondary to Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient	30
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	29
Modeling MOG Antibody–Associated Disorder and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Animal Models	29
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Satralizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder From the SAkuraMoon Open-Label Extension Study	29
Effect of Previous Disease-Modifying Therapy on Treatment Effectiveness for Patients Treated With Ocrelizumab	29
Immune Effector Cell–Associated Neurotoxicity Delayed Relapse After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy	29
Clinical and Immunologic Effects of Paraprobiotics in Long-COVID Patients	29
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Incidence of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	28
Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies	27
Rituximab Use for Relapse Prevention in Anti-NMDAR Antibody-Mediated Encephalitis	27
mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Does Not Exacerbate Symptoms or Trigger Neural Antibody Responses in Multiple Sclerosis	27
Distinct Epitopes Are Associated With Clinical Phenotypes in Autoimmune Nodopathies With Anti-Contactin1 Autoantibodies	26
Brain-Resident MAIT Cells Infiltrate GL261 Tumors, and Activated MAIT Cell Signatures Are Associated With Improved Outcomes in Glioma	26
Distinguishing Transient From Persistent Brain Structural Changes in Pediatric Patients With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis	25
Complement C4d Informs the Differential Diagnosis of Inflammatory Demyelinating CNS Diseases	25

Ten Years of Neurology ® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation	25
HTLV-1–Infected CD4 ⁺ T Cells Drive Spontaneous Lymphoproliferation and Virus-Specific CD8 ⁺ Cytot	25
Natalizumab Promotes Activation of Peripheral Monocytes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	25
Fulminant Amyloid β–Related Angiitis With Herniation and Rapid Response to Tocilizumab	25
miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis	25
Chronic Active Lesions and Larger Choroid Plexus Explain Cognition and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis	24
Alterations in Gut Microbiome-Host Relationships After Immune Perturbation in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	24
Clinical Characterization and Ancillary Tests in Susac Syndrome	24
Unknown Immunoregulatory Effects of FcRn Inhibition by Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	24
Reduced Hospital Incidence of Autoimmune Encephalitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic	23
PET Study of Microglial Activation in Kleine-Levin Syndrome	23
Area Postrema Syndrome in Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	23
HLA-DRB115:01 and the MERTK* Gene Interact to Selectively Influence the Profile of MERTK-Expressing Monocytes in Both Health and MS	23
Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab Extended Interval Dosing Therapy in Japan	23
Progressive Encephalomyelopathy in an Older Man	23
Rate of Retinal Layer Thinning as a Biomarker for Conversion to Progressive Disease in Multiple Sclerosis	23
MRI Features and Their Association With Outcomes in Children With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis	23
Immune Profiling Reveals the T-Cell Effect of Ocrelizumab in Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	23
Early Neuroaxonal Damage in Neurologic Disorders Associated With GAD65 Antibodies	23
MIF Tautomerase Inhibition Protects Neurons From Immune-Mediated Cell Death	23
Pregnancy and Infant Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis	23
Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Related Inflammation	22
Retinal Damage and Visual Network Reconfiguration Defines Visual Function Recovery in Optic Neuritis	22
Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition Limits Multiple Sclerosis Disease–Driving Inflammation While Promoting Regulatory B Cells	22
Proinflammatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	22
Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis Affect Measures of Cellular Immune Responses to EBNA-1 Peptides	22
Pediatric MOG-Ab–Associated Encephalitis	21
SARS-CoV-2–Specific Immune Responses in Patients With Postviral Syndrome After Suspected COVID-19	21
Assessing Commercial Tissue-Based Assays for Autoimmune Neurologic Disorders (I)	21
Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Survival	21
Neuropsychological Testing in Autoimmune Encephalitis	21
Multiple Sclerosis in the Emergency Department	21
Anti-Hu Antibodies in Patients With Neurologic Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors	21
Treg Susceptibility to Cladribine-Induced Depletion Correlates With Therapy Response in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	21
Extensive Corticospinal Tract Involvement in a Patient With Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy	21
Progressive Myelitis in a 63-Year-Old Woman	20
Ravulizumab and Efgartigimod in Myasthenia Gravis	20
EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis	20
Different Complement Activation Patterns Following C5 Cleavage in MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD	19
Association of NEDA-4 With No Long-term Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis and Comparison With NEDA-3	19
Progression Independent of Relapse Activity in Aquaporin-4-IgG–Positive NMOSD	19
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity and Disability Following Cessation of Fingolimod for Pregnancy	19
Visually Evoked Potential as Prognostic Biomarker for Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort	19
Cerebellar Ataxia With Anti-DNER Antibodies	19
Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy	19
CAR-T Cell–Mediated B-Cell Depletion in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity	19
Microstructural Damage and Repair in the Spinal Cord of Patients With Early Multiple Sclerosis and Association With Disability at 5 Years	18
Mitoxantrone in NMO Spectrum Disorder in a Large Multicenter Cohort in French Caribbean	18
A 79-Year-Old Woman With Worsening Headaches and Pachymeningeal Enhancement	18
Antibody Investigations in 2,750 Children With Suspected Autoimmune Encephalitis	18
Cytomegalovirus Drives the Development of Cytotoxic CD4 ⁺ T Cells in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis	18
Imaging Characteristics of Choroid Plexuses in Presymptomatic Multiple Sclerosis	18
Genomic and Serologic Characterization of Enterovirus A71 Brainstem Encephalitis	18
Inflammatory Activity After Diverse Fertility Treatments	18
Extracellular Vesicle Marker Changes Associated With Disease Activity in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis	18
Paraneoplastic Brachial Amyotrophic Diplegia With Favorable Outcome and Anti-Ank3 Antibodies	18
Spinal Cord Leptomeningeal Enhancement as a Marker of Extensive Spinal Cord Involvement in Children With MOGAD	17
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated With Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies	17
Immune Checkpoint Inhibition–Related Myasthenia-Myositis-Myocarditis Responsive to Complement Blockade	17
Mutational Profile in 75 Patients With Anti–Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy	17
Retinal Changes in Double-Antibody Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders	17
Single-Cell Multi-Omics Map of Cell Type–Specific Mechanistic Drivers of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions	17
Increased NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis With Fingolimod Treatment Failure	17
Immunity Gone Viral	17