Emerging Adulthood

Article	Citations
Increased Stress, Declining Mental Health: Emerging Adults’ Experiences in College During COVID-19	64
Changes in College Student Alcohol Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Are Perceived Drinking Norms Still Relevant?	46
The Psychological, Academic, and Economic Impact of COVID-19 on College Students in the Epicenter of the Pandemic	44
Longitudinal Changes in Life Satisfaction and Mental Health in Emerging Adulthood During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Risk and Protective Factors	43
“I Hate It Here”: Mental Health Changes of College Students Living With Parents During the COVID-19 Quarantine	41
Changes in College Student Anxiety and Depression From Pre- to During-COVID-19: Perceived Stress, Academic Challenges, Loneliness, and Positive Perceptions	41
A Qualitative Study of COVID-19 Distress in University Students	39
The Influence of COVID-19 on Stress, Substance Use, and Mental Health Among Postsecondary Students	39
Overparenting and Emerging Adult Development: A Systematic Review	28
Emerging Adults’ Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Longitudinal Study on the Importance of Social Support	26
“Emotional Distancing”: Change and Strain in U.S. Young Adult College Students’ Relationships During COVID-19	26
“He was like, my ride or die”: Sexual and Gender Minority Emerging Adults’ Perspectives on Living With Pets During the Transition to Adulthood	25
The Associations Between Internalized Racism, Racial Identity, and Psychological Distress	22
Young Adults’ Physical Distancing Behaviors During the Initial Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Adherence to Guidelines and Associations With Alcohol Use Behavior	20
First-Year University Students’ Mental Health Trajectories Were Disrupted at the Onset of COVID-19, but Disruptions Were Not Linked to Housing and Financial Vulnerabilities: A Registered Report	18
Helicopter Parenting Versus Autonomy Supportive Parenting? A Latent Class Analysis of Parenting Among Emerging Adults and Their Psychological and Relational Well-Being	18
“With Politics, It’s Easier to Talk to Them About It”: Peer Racial Socialization and Sociopolitical Development Among Black College Students	17
A Cross-National Study of COVID-19 Impact and Future Possibilities Among Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty	15
COVID-19 Racism, Depressive Symptoms, Drinking to Cope Motives, and Alcohol Use Severity Among Asian American Emerging Adults	13
“Normalizing” Everyday Life in the State of Emergency: Experiences, Well-Being and Coping Strategies of Emerging Adults in Serbia during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic	12
Empowering, Pragmatic, or Disappointing: Appraisals of Singlehood During Emerging and Established Adulthood	12
Overparenting and Emerging Adults’ Insecure Attachment With Parents and Romantic Partners	12
A Qualitative Investigation of the Positive and Negative Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Post-Secondary Students’ Mental Health and Well-Being	12
The Relationships Between Self-Control and Distress Among Emerging Adults: A Serial Mediating Roles of Fear of Missing Out and Social Media Addiction	11
Changes in Depressive Symptoms, Physical Symptoms, and Sleep-Wake Problems From Before to During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Emerging Adults: Inequalities by Gender, Socioeconomic Position, and Race	11

Student Loan Debt, Family Support, and Reciprocity in the Transition to Adulthood	11
Demographic, Health and Pandemic-Related Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination Intention Among Filipino Emerging Adults	11
Understanding Motives, Usage Patterns and Effects of Instagram Use in Youths: A Qualitative Study	11
“Dedicado a Mi Familia”: The Role of Familismo on Academic Outcomes Among Latinx College Students	11
College, Interrupted: Profiles in First-Year College Students Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic Across One Year	11
The Features of Emerging Adulthood and Individuation: Relations and Differences by College-Going Status, Age, and Living Situation	10
Introduction to the Special Issue: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lives of Emerging Adults	10
Suicidal Mental Imagery: Investigating a Novel Marker of Suicide Risk	10
The Psychological Affordances of Solitude in Emerging Adulthood	10
Zoom Memes for Self-Quaranteens: Generational Humor, Identity, and Conflict During the Pandemic	10
Changes in Attachment to Parents and Peers and Relations With Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic	9
College Women’s Memorable Sexual Messages From Mothers, Fathers, Friends/Peers, and Online Media: A Mixed-Methods Latent Class Analysis	9
Sociopolitical Influences in Early Emerging Adult College Students’ Pandemic-Related Civic Engagement	9
Binge Eating and Binge Drinking in Emerging Adults During COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy: An Examination of Protective and Risk Factors	9
Individualism, Collectivism, and Well-being Among a Sample of Emerging Adults in the United States	9
Exploring Young Men’s Experience of Resistance to Masculine Norms	9
On Becoming an Emerging Adult Parent in South Africa: Processes of Commitment, Exploration and Reconsideration of a Parental Identity	8
Experiences of College Students With Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic	8
Religious Socialization and Self-Definition Among Black Undergraduate Women Attending Predominantly White Institutions	8
The Examination of the Mediator Role of Optimism, Self-Compassion, Altruism and Gratitude in the Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions and Forgiveness of Emerging Adults	8
Identity Development During Student Exchange: A Qualitative Study of Students’ Perspectives on the Processes of Change	8
Identity Development and Major Choice Among Underrepresented Students Interested in STEM Majors: A Longitudinal Qualitative Analysis	7
Exploration of Emerging Adult Virgins’ Difficulties	7
A Cross-Country Network Analysis of Resilience Systems in Young Adults	7
Less Than Fully Honest: Financial Deception in Emerging Adult Romantic Relationships	7
LGBTQ+ College Students’ Engagement in COVID-Protective and COVID-Risk Behaviors	7
Self-Esteem and Real Self and False Self Presentation on Facebook Among Emerging Adults: The Moderating Role of Social Anxiety	7
Depressive Symptoms, Perceived Stress, Self-Compassion and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Emerging Adults: An Examination of the Between and Within-Person Associations Over Time	7
Bystander Intoxication and Appraisal of Sexual Assault Risk: A Field Study of Emerging Adult Bargoers	7
Examining the Direction of Effects Between COVID-19 Experiences, General Well-Being, Social Media Engagement, and Insomnia Symptoms Among University Students	6
Detrimental Associations of Cumulative Trauma, COVID-19 Infection Indicators, Avoidance, and Loneliness With Sleep and Negative Emotionality in Emerging Adulthood During the Pandemic	6
“I Can be Unapologetically Who I Am”: A Study of Friendship Among Black Undergraduate Women at PWIs	6
Finances and Fate: Parent Financial Socialization, Locus of Control, and Mental Health in Emerging Adulthood	6
“Squeezing the Life Out of Each Day”: Emerging Adult Women’s Work-Family Expectations in STEM	6
Age Matters? The Moderating Effect of Age on the Longitudinal Relationship between Upward and Downward Comparisons on Instagram and Identity Processes During Emerging Adulthood	6
Emerging Adults’ Self-Efficacy as a Resource for Coping With the COVID-19 Pandemic	5
Bringing Covid to College: Incoming First-Year College Students’ Making Meaning of the Pandemic	5
“When did I Stop being a Child?” The Subjective Feeling of Adulthood of Mexican and Central American Unaccompanied 1.25 Generation Immigrants	5
Finding Silver Linings: A Mixed Methods Analysis of COVID-19’s Challenges and Opportunities for College Students’ Functioning and Outlook	5
Exploring Loneliness in Emerging Adulthood: A Qualitative Study	5
Challenges in Emerging Adulthood Related to the Impact of Childhood Bullying Victimization	5
Masculinity and Silence in the Academic Struggles of American Male College Students	5
Unpacking the Benefits of Bicultural Competence: Latina/x/o College Students’ Academic and Psychosocial Adjustment	5
“This is Real, This is the Way that Things are”: Hooking up as a Pathway for Sexual Identity Development Among SGM Emerging Adults	5
It’s is Time to Make More Goals So I Can Keep Pushing: Hope, Growth, and Well-Being Among Young Black Women	5
Emerging Adulthood Uses and Gratifications of Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Study Among Filipino College Students	5
Exploring the Roles of Career Adaptability, Self-Esteem, and Work Values in Life Satisfaction Among Emerging Adults During their Career Transition	5
“I Am Grateful That I Still Live Under One Roof With My Family”: Gratitude Among South African University Students	5
Popularity According to Emerging Adults: What is it, and How to Acquire it	5
Romantic Relationships from Adolescence to Established Adulthood	5

Exploring Relationships Between Grit, Belonging, Institutional Compassion, Pandemic Stress, and Goal Progress Among Emerging Adult Post-Secondary Students	5
Exploring Romantic Relationship Patterns among Turkish Emerging Adults: A Grounded Theory Study	4
Applying a Health-Risk Behavior Lens to Understand Individual Differences in COVID-19 Containment Behavior Among Young Adults	4
Does the Gender of Your Friends Matter for Sexist Attitudes About Women?	4
Is Belonging Stable Over Time?: A Four-Year Longitudinal Examination of University Belonging Differences Among Students	4
Social Connectedness and Negative Emotion Modulation: Social Media Use for Coping Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic	4
Toward Many Emerging Adulthoods: A Theory-Based Examination of the Features of Emerging Adulthood for Cross-Systems Youth	4
Dietary Behaviors, Physical Activity, and Reported Role Models Among Emerging and Young Adults With Overweight and Obesity	4
Contextual Navigation: Towards a Holistic Conceptualization of Negotiating Sexual Identity in Context	4
Emerging Adults and Social Distancing During COVID-19: Who Was More Likely to Follow Guidelines and What Were the Correlates With Well-Being and Weight-Related Behaviors?	4
Evidence on Resilient Initial Response to COVID-19 Pandemic Among Youth: Findings From the Prospective Study of Mental Health in Two European Countries	4
Closing Commentary, Opening Conversations: Liminal Reflections on Decent Work, Emerging Adulthood, and Social Justice	4
The Impact of COVID-19 Disruptions and Perceived Discrimination on Well-Being and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms: Testing the Moderating Role of Exercise Among African American and Asian Ameri	4
“Finding my Blackness, Finding my Rhythm”: Music and Identity Development in African, Caribbean, and Black Emerging Adults	3
Consistency and Specificity of Attachments to Parents, Friends, and Romantic Partners in Emerging Adulthood	3
“Being Sick Does Not Define You”: Communicated Narrative Sense-Making of Autoimmune Disease in Emerging Adult Women in the U.S.	3
“It Is Not the End of Parenting”: Extended Parenthood and Child Launching Experiences Among Middle-Aged Korean American Mothers	3
Examining the Relationships Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Student Generational Status, and Exam Performance in Emerging Adult Undergraduates	3
Using a Socio-Ecological Framework to Understand Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Among Emerging Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic	3
Social Isolation in a Population-Based Sample of Emerging Adults: Who Is on Their Own?	3
Doing Adulthood While Returning to School: When Emerging Adults Struggle With Institutional Frameworks	3
The Relationship Between Mindfulness and Perfectionism in University Students During Emerging Adulthood	3
The Stress of Motherhood and Intimate Partner Violence During Emerging Adulthood	3
‘I Felt Like Being Upgraded’: Emerging Adults’ Experiences of Socioeconomic Resources in Relation to Their Vocational Identity Development in Turkey	3
Transition-To-Adulthood Profiles and Well-Being: Similarities and Distinctions Among Urban and Remote Contexts	3
Overparenting, Loneliness, and Social Anxiety in Emerging Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation	3
Post-High School Military Enlistment and Long-Term Well-Being	3
Believing in Achieving: The Impact of Role Salience and Anticipated Work–Family Conflict on Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Emerging Adult Women	3
The Role of Financial Identity Processes in Financial Behaviors and Financial Well-Being	3
Empirically Derived Psychological Profiles of College Students: Differential Associations With COVID-19 Impact and Social Adjustment	3
‘Since Having a Child, I Finally Feel Like an Adult’: Exploring Intersections of Contemporary Transitions-To-Motherhood and Transitions-To-Adulthood	3
Beyond Cuddling Canines: Exploring Students’ Perceptions of the Importance of Touch in an On-Campus Canine-Assisted Intervention	3
Class and the Classroom: The Role of Individual- and School-Level Socioeconomic Factors in Predicting College Students’ Academic Behaviors	3
College Students’ Perceptions of Communication Technology Use and Parent–Child Relationships	3
Ethnic-Racial Life Scripts: Relations With Ethnic-Racial Identity and Psychological Health	3
Examination of ADHD Symptom Severity, Depression Symptoms, and Alcohol-Related Negative Consequences in College Students with ADHD	3
The Development and Validation of the Overparenting Scale – Short Form	3
Meaning-Making Profiles During Emerging Adulthood: A Person-Oriented Approach in the Context of Romantic and Working Conditions	3
Social Withdrawal, Solitude, and Existential Concerns in Emerging Adulthood	3
A Multilevel Qualitative Perspective to Gendered Life Course, Socialization, and STEM Trajectories Among Emerging Adults in Spain	2
Is the Way I was Raised Linked to How I Love? Perceived Parenting and Implicit Theories of Relationships	2
Black Emerging Adults’ Critical Consciousness and Perceived Neighborhood Quality	2
Hazardous Drinking Mediates the Relation Between Externalizing Personality and Reduced Adherence to COVID-19 Public Health Guidelines in University Students	2
Selection and Socialization Effects of Living On vs. Off Campus	2
Eating Expectancy as a Moderator of Sociocultural Influence on Bulimic Symptoms among High-Risk Female College Students	2
Income and Career Concerns Among Emerging Adults From Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom During COVID-19	2
The Career-Related Parental Involvement Scale: Development and Validation Among College Senior Emerging Adults in India and the U.S.	2
The Need for Social Support During Unintended Pregnancy Decision-Making: A Qualitative Analysis of In-Depth Interviews With Young People in California	2
Am I a Successful Adult? Exploring the Influence of Ethnic Diversity in Defining Success among Former Foster Youth	2
The Role of Friends and Romantic Partners in College-Attending Emerging Adults’ Engagement and GPA	2
De-Standardization of Trajectories to Adulthood in China: A Cross-Cohort Comparison	2
Novel Perspectives on Adversity Exposure, Stress Responding, and Academic Retention Among First- and Continuing-Generation Students	2
Expanding on Threat and Deprivation: Empirical Examination of Adversity Dimensions and Psychiatric Outcomes Among Emerging Adults	2
The Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Risk-Taking Behaviors in Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Resilience and Gender Difference	2
Accuracy and Bias in Perceptions of why Social Network Members Drink: A Truth and Bias Approach to Drinking Motive (mis)perception	2
Pandemic Onset, Individual Differences, and Dimensional Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Among Emerging Adults	2
The Longitudinal Link Between Personality and Relationship Quality in Emerging Adults: Mediation by Identity?	2
Resilience, Social Support, and Health in Emerging Adults With and Without Chronic Health Conditions	2
Associations Between Low-Household Income and First-Generation Status With College Student Belonging, Mental Health, and Well-Being	2
Effects of Receiving Genetic Ancestry Results on Emerging Adults’ Ethnic-Racial Identity Affirmation	2
Exploring Temporal Evaluations of Interpersonal Social Media Surveillance During the COVID-19 Lockdown	2
The Resilience of Emerging Adults in a Stressed Industrialised Environment in Eswatini	2
Learning to Love, Work, and Live Your Best Life: Mentoring in Emerging Adulthood Predicts Later Flourishing and Subjective Well-Being	2
Multiple Channels of Communication: Association Between Emerging Adults’ Communication Patterns, Well-Being, and Parenting	2
Asian Americans’ Emerging Racial Identities and Reactions to Racial Tension in the United States	2
A Normative Approach to Understanding How “Boomerang Kids” Communicatively Negotiate Moving Back Home	2
“If She’s Sad, I’m Sad Too” Emotional Closeness Between French Grandparents and Emerging Adult Grandchildren	2
The Role of Trait Impulsivity on Suicidality in the Emerging Adult in Kenya	2
The Labor of Emerging Adults in International Settings: A Call for Critical Praxis in a Time of Widening Economic Injustice	2
Associations Between Parental Psychological Control and COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Negative Emotions: The Role of Resilience and Emotion Regulation	2
Love Sick: Attachment Anxiety and COVID-Era Romantic Encounters Among College Students	2
Perfectionism, Academic Stress, Rumination and Worry: A Predictive Model for Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in University Students From Colombia	2
“I Definitely Wouldn’t Have Been Able to Make it Through College Without My Dad’s Money”: American College Students’ Reflections Regarding Caregiver Financial Support	2
The Role of Perceived Familial Expectations on Depressive Symptoms and Self-Esteem in Emerging Adulthood: A Cultural Analysis	2
Unequally Indebted: Debt by Education, Race, and Ethnicity and the, Accumulation of Inequality in Emerging Adulthood	2
Self-Management of Long-Term Physical Conditions During Emerging Adulthood: A Systematic Review	1
Helicopter Parenting Behaviors and Emerging Adult Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation	1
Why Do University Students From Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina Play Drinking Games? A Mixed-Method Cross-Country Study	1
What Does It Mean to be an Adult? Adulthood Markers in the Perspective of Emerging Adults	1
“Protecting my Positivity”: Emerging Adults as Social Media Actors, Agents, and Authors	1

Social Jetlag and Emerging Adults’ Performance in a Behavioral Weight Loss Trial	1
Navigating Identity Uncertainty: Identity Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic	1
Perks of the Pandemic?: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Socially Withdrawn Emerging Adults	1
Co-Rumination in Social Networks	1
Racial Discrimination Distress and Psychological Well-being: The Moderating Role of Ethnic-Racial Socialization in African American Emerging Adults	1
Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes Among Underrepresented College Students: The Role of Sense of Belonging at Predominantly White Institutions	1
Messaging and Action around Race and Inclusion at a Predominantly White Institution: Perceived Dissonance of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color Students	1
Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality, Ethnic Identity, and Romantic Attachment in Asian American Emerging Adults	1
Attributes and person types admired by Greek emerging adults: Relative prevalence, differences by gender and socio-economic status	1
Factor Structure Validation and Measurement Invariance Testing of the Five C’s Model of Positive Youth Development among Emerging Adults in Malaysia	1
Life Crafting and Self-Determination: An Intervention to Help Emerging Adults Create an Authentic and Meaningful Life	1
Living up to Parental Expectations, Psychological Separation, and Life Satisfaction	1
Inner Peace in a Global Crisis: A Case Study of Supported Spiritual Individuation in Acute Onset Phase of COVID-19	1
A Diary Study of the Within-Person Associations Between Daily Stressors and Negative Affect Among Post-Secondary Students With Recent Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Engagement	1
Childhood Peer Victimization, Identity Diffusion and Disordered Eating Behaviors in Emerging Adults	1
COVID-19 Vaccine Communications on Instagram and Vaccine Uptake in Young Adults: A Content Assessment and Public Engagement Analysis	1
Parental Financial Assistance and Psychological Well-Being Among Korean Emerging Adults: Pressure from and Fulfillment of Parental Career Expectations as Mediators	1
Civic Participation Profiles and Predictors Among French-Canadian Youths Transitioning Into Adulthood: A Person-Centered Study	1
Exploring the Utility of the Emerging Adulthood Theory Among Military Members and Veterans with Risky Substance Use	1
Dependent Stress Generation Mediates the Relation Between Poor Cognitive Control and Repetitive Negative Thinking in Emerging Adults	1
Trajectory of Depressive Symptoms in the Context of Romantic Relationship Breakup: Characterizing the “Natural Course” of Response and Recovery in Young Adults	1
Perceived Efficacy in Initiating Romantic Relationships and Single Emerging Adults’ Well-Being	1
Fear of Missing out on Financial Gains: Associations Between Fear of Missing Out, Problem Gambling, and Speculative Trading in College Students	1
Emerging Adults’ Exposure to and Postings About Substance Use on Social Media: An Observational Study	1
Satisfaction, Intimacy and Conflict in Canadian Couples: An Analysis of Change from Adolescence to Adulthood	1
Emerging Adults’ Experience of Mindful Parenting: Distinct Associations With Their Dispositional and Interpersonal Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, and Adjustment	1
Patterns of Adverse Childhood Experiences Predict Event-Related Distress in Young Adults Following the 2016 Presidential Election	1
Early School Leaving and Transition to Adulthood: A Case Study of a Spanish Mediterranean Region	1
Parental Autonomy Restricting Behaviors During Adolescence as Predictors of Dependency on Parents in Emerging Adulthood	1
The Importance of Critical Social Media Literacy in the Digital Era: Benefits for Social Support and Flourishing	1
Profiling Authentic Self-Development: Associations With Basic Need Satisfaction in Emerging Adulthood	1
Emerging Adults’ Attitudes Toward Romantic Relationships: The Effects of Parental Bonding and Personal Value Preferences	1
The Validity of Violence Risk Assessment in Young Adults: A Comparative Study of Juvenile and Adult Risk Assessment Tools	1
Drinking Motives Mediate the Relation between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Alcohol-Related Problems among College Students	1
How Early Socioeconomic Adversity Combines With BMI-Linked Genetics to Launch Adverse Developmental Processes Leading to Economic Hardship	1
Emerging Adulthood in Russia: Class and Educational Disparities	1
Exploring the Interaction Between Social Strain and Support and its Association with College Students’ Psychological Well-Being	1
Positive Youth Development Mediates the Relations Between Religiousness, Altruism, and Empathy Among Southeast Asian Emerging Adults	1
Health and Well-being at the Transition to Adulthood: Examining Unmet Social and Health Needs Among Young Women	1
Negotiating Emerging Adulthood at the Onset of COVID-19 in Singapore	1
In the Wake of COVID-19: The Developmental and Mental Health Fallout Amongst South African University Students	1
Before and After Prohibition: Parental Communication and Modeling Associated With Emerging Adult Recreational Marijuana Attitudes and Use	1
Young Adults’ Cohabitation and Dating Decisions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Exploration of Romantic and Developmental Context	1
Mental Health in Emerging Adults With ADHD and/or Specific Learning Disabilities: A Scoping Review	1
“If You are Going to Step on This Campus, You Have to Get Vaccinated”: A Qualitative Understanding of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Emerging Adults Returning to College Campuses	1
Resilience in the Kosovo Context: A Qualitative Study of Young Adults	1
Loneliness and Maladjustment in Young Adults: The Protective Effects of High Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Sleep Quality	1
A Qualitative Exploration of Information and Communication Technology Use among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer Emerging Adult Migrants Before and After Arrival in the United States	1
Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Outcomes of Embracing Your Life: An Online Self-Compassion Program for Emerging Adults	1
Daily Exercise and Alcohol Use Among Young Adult College Students	1
What Are College Students Talking About When They Say They’re “Just Talking?”	1
Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic for the Well-Being of Emerging Adult Populations: A Synthesis of Findings From the COVID-19 Eating and Activity Over Time (C-EAT) Study	1
Friendship Conflict, Drinking to Cope, and Alcohol-Related Problems: A Longitudinal Actor-Partner Interdependence Model	1
The Role of Racial Microaggressions and Ethnic Racial Identity Affirmation on Sense of Belonging Among Black and Latinx College Students	1
It’s Complicated: Everyday Discrimination Across the Transition Into Adulthood	1
Workplace Experiences of Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Social-Ecological Perspective	1
Understanding Poor Adjustment in Schizotypy: A Prospective Study of the Role of Self During Late Adolescence and Early Adulthood	1