National Science Review

Article	Citations
Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator	352
Agricultural ditches and stream networks are overlooked hotspots of carbon emissions	275
Reconstructing human history from ancient genomes: an interview with Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo	271
Deciphering failure paths in lithium metal anodes by electrochemical curve fingerprints	257
Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on	210
An energy harvester for all seasons	193
Magnetic exchange interaction between unpaired π- and d-electrons in nanographene-metal coordination complexes	191
Oral nano-antioxidants improve sleep by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and preventing systemic inflammation	178
Genetic modification of Gγ subunit AT1 enhances salt-alkali tolerance in main graminaceous crops	173
From aspiration to implementation of the 30% solution	173
North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts	171
AI enhances drug discovery and development	170
Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity	170
Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks	159
Taking a broader view of Three Gorges Dam	157
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes	149
NEATmap: a high-efficiency deep learning approach for whole mouse brain neuronal activity trace mapping	148
The phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections	137
Specifying floodwater characteristics in understanding human-mobility response: a comment to Tang et al.	135
Sulfation modification of dopamine in brain regulates aggregative behavior of animals	118
Monitoring the delicate operations of surgical robots via ultra-sensitive ionic electronic skin	117
Exoplanets, extraterrestrial life and beyond: an interview with Douglas Lin	116
Aqueous iron-based redox flow batteries for large-scale energy storage	112
Unimodal productivity–biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands	111
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators	111

Unusual metallic state in superconducting A15-type La4H23	108
Ultra-sensitivity in reconstructed exceptional systems	108
Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures	108
Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit	106
Reflections on DeepSeek's breakthrough	105
Advancements in superconducting quantum computing	105
Massive lithospheric delamination in southeastern Tibet facilitating continental extrusion	105
Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices	105
p–d orbital hybridization induced by transition metal atom sites for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries	103
Canine EEG helps human: cross-species and cross-modality epileptic seizure detection via multi-space alignment	102
Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries	96
Ultrasensitive opto-electronic biosensor arrays based on twisted bilayer graphene superlattice	94
Rapid and large-scale glycopeptide enrichment strategy based on chemical ligation	94
Deep learning can predict global earthquake-triggered landslides	94
Alternating current electroluminescent fibers for textile displays	92
Rollback, scissor-like closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and formation of an orocline: magmatic migration based on a large archive of age data	91
Silvery fullerene in Ag102 nanosaucer	88
U-Th and U-Pb geochronology of Quaternary carbonates	85
Neuro-symbolic approaches in artificial intelligence	85
The raising and westward expansion of central Tibet	85
Reconstructing interfacial manganese deposition for durable aqueous zinc–manganese batteries	85
Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules	84
Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation	82
Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium–sulfur batteries	81
Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance	79
Time–frequency transfer over optical fiber	77
Superconducting ternary hydrides: progress and challenges	77
Efficient glyceric acid electrosynthesis from waste glycerol on rare-earth-metal-alloyed mesoporous PtPb nanosheets	75
A single-domain protein catenane of dihydrofolate reductase	75
Hydrogen-bonded organic framework for regulating pathogenic autoantigen and oxidative stress in psoriasis treatment	74
An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning	73
Partial offset of soil greenhouse gases emissions by enhanced vegetation carbon uptake upon thermokarst formation	72
Machine learning for estimation and control of quantum systems	71
Leaping plastic thermoelectrics through multi-heterojunction design	71
Superscattering of water waves	71
Patterns and change rates of glacial lake water levels across High Mountain Asia	70
Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions	69
Triplet bismuthinidenes featuring unprecedented giant and positive zero field splittings	69
Syntropic spin alignment at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting nitrides	68
Flexible multimaterial fibers in modern biomedical applications	68
Spin-polarized d-orbital filling in cobalt catalysts boosts solution-mediated Li-O2 batteries	67
The piRNA size matters	65
A heat transfer model for liquid film boiling on micro-structured surfaces	65
Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures	65
On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions	63
Dual molecular bridges at perovskite heterointerfaces for efficient inverted solar cells	63
Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35–32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics	62
Investigating thermal properties of 2D non-layered material using a NEMS-based 2-DOF approach towards ultrahigh-performance bolometer	61
Science battles viral diseases: a roundtable discussion with leading experts on COVID-19, hepatitis and AIDS	61
Mode water going round	60

CMW-Net: an adaptive robust algorithm for sample selection and label correction	60
Inner-shell electrons enable both high power and energy densities	59
Elasticity meets topology	58
Global weirding at mass extinction horizons	58
Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon	58
Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists	57
Breaking Kasha's rule for photoswitchable reactive oxygen species generation in carbonylated carbon nitride	57
Two-dimensional ballistic transistors for advanced-node integrated circuits	57
Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics	56
Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds	55
Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors	55
Tandem electro-thermocatalytic system: redefining CO2 utilization efficiency in methane dry reforming	54
Real-time tracking of ER turnover during ERLAD by a rhenium complex via lifetime imaging	54
Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum dots	53
Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3	53
Regulating the properties of XQ-2d for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pancreatic cancers	52
Revisiting the mechanisms of mid-Tertiary uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau	52
Biocompatible zinc battery with programmable electro-cross-linked electrolyte	52
Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries	52
Massive abiotic methane production in eclogite during cold subduction	51
First finding of coesite in the eclogitic continental crust of the Sesia Zone, Italian Western Alps	51
Collective effects in an incompressible electronic liquid	51
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo	51
Graphene supremacy: the duo duo	51
Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections	51
3D-architected acceptor affords efficient, stable and stretchable photovoltaics	50
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide	50
Beyond natural targets: chemical synthesis reprograms the target specificity of rapamycin	50
A Janus heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation	49
Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction	48
Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions	48
Layer-by-layer assembled 2D nanocomposites for extreme polarization optics	48
China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2024	48
A bio-inspired microwave wireless system for constituting passive and maintenance-free IoT networks	48
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics	48
Atmospheric inversions for carbon dioxide and methane at a national scale	47
In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol	47
A robotic AI-Chemist system for multi-modal AI-ready database	46
Mantle plume trail beneath the ca. 1.1 Ga North American Midcontinent Rift revealed by magnetotelluric data	46
The smallest in the deepest: the enigmatic role of viruses in the deep biosphere	46
Aromatic chloroosmacyclopentatrienes	46
Brain developmental and cortical connectivity changes in transgenic monkeys carrying the human-specific duplicated gene SRGAP2C	46
Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes	45
Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston	45
Combining cisplatin and a STING agonist into one molecule for metalloimmunotherapy of cancer	45
Homo-harringtonine (HHT) is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2-A potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics	45
High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging	45
Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting	44
Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging	44
Frontiers in zeolites: towards establishing a new discipline of condensed matter chemistry—an interview with Ruren Xu	44
High-entropy-alloy nanoparticles with 21 ultra-mixed elements for efficient photothermal conversion	44
Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models	43
Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery	43
Natural products are the treasure pool for antimalarial agents	43
Anthropogenic monoterpenes aggravating ozone pollution	42
Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films	42
Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science	42
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family	42
Construction of nanocarriers based on nucleic acids and their applications in nanobiology delivery systems	42
Synchronizing sucrose effluxers with influxers in phloem loading for yield output and adaptation to environment	41
Non-linear frequency doubling up-conversion of geothermal radiation cannot provide sufficient light to support oxygenic photosynthesis at deep-sea hydrothermal vents	41
Sulfide mineral-driven photon upconversion sustains phototrophic cyanobacteria at deep-sea hydrothermal vents: a reply to Mullineaux and Duffy's chemolithoautotrophic hypothesis	41
Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)	41
The origin and fate of subslab partial melts at convergent margins	41
Smart Metasurfaces Enable Wireless Detection of Hazardous Liquids	40
Deep brain–machine interfaces: sensing and modulating the human deep brain	40
Robotic mobile and mirror milling of large-scale complex structures	40
Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ	40
Nanosecond-scale single-molecule reaction dynamics for scalable synthesis on a chip	39
Achieving 500-GHz communication over 1.2 km using an astronomical telescope with a quantum-limited superconducting receiver	38
The greenhouse gas budget for China's terrestrial ecosystems	38
Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large	38
Bipolarized intrinsic faradaic layer on a semiconductor surface under illumination	38
Dual-loop upcycling of spent LiFePO4: defect inheritance enables durable and fast-charging sodium-ion batteries	38
Unveiling photophysical mechanisms of NIR-II AIE luminogens for multimodal imaging-navigated synergistic therapies	38
Uncover rock-climbing fish's secret of balancing tight adhesion and fast sliding for bioinspired robots	37
Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices	37
Maximizing catalytic efficiency with bio-inspired hierarchical porous zeolites	37
Clouds buffer Arctic warming	37
Fluorine-doped argyrodite sulfide electrolyte enables commercial LiCoO2 use for 4.6 V high-voltage all-solid-state batteries	37

Single-shot simultaneous intensity, phase and polarization imaging with metasurface	37
Search of high-frequency variations of fundamental constants using spin-based quantum sensors	36
The C: N: P stoichiometry in bryophytes: relationships with habitat, climate and growth form	36
A photon-controlled diode with a new signal-processing behavior	36
Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically	36
How can neuromorphic hardware attain brain-like functional capabilities?	36
Identification and semisynthesis of (−)-anisomelic acid as oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in mice	36
Conceptual transition from molecular to atomic: unleashing a new era in hydrogen therapy for chronic disease	35
Photovoltage enhancement of M-series acceptor-based polymer solar cells and minimodules through the modulation of charge-transfer states	35
3D micropattern force regulates stem cell function	35
Commentary on ‘Physics-informed deep learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations’ by Zhu et al.	35
Semiconductor fibers for textile integrated electronic systems	34
Dynamic phenotypic heterogeneity and the evolution of multiple RNA subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma: the PLANET study	34
Accelerated water harvesting from vapor via a bio-inspired hydrogel pattern	34
Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence	34
A K+-sensitive AND-gate dual-mode probe for simultaneous tumor imaging and malignancy identification	33
An era of hyper-resolution land surface models: truth or dare?	33
The second polar body contributes to the fate asymmetry in the mouse embryo	33
Radiocatalytic ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water	33
Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation	33
Mechanically robust bamboo node and its hierarchically fibrous structural design	33
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China	33
Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems	33
Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans from long-term microbial degradation perspective	33
Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?	32
Bridging oxidase catalysis and oxygen reduction electrocatalysis by model single-atom catalysts	32
Reversible biomass aerogels with flame retardancy and smart elasticity	32
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through ‘mouth-to-teat’ transmission	31
South Pole–Aitken massive impact 4.25 billion years ago revealed by Chang'e-6 samples	31
High-speed flexible near-infrared organic photodiode for optical communication	31
Simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, stability and stretchability in binary polymer solar cells with a three-dimensional aromatic-core tethered tetrameric acceptor	31
Harnessing spin effects for heterogeneous single-atom spin catalysis	31
Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines (VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses	31
Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties	31
Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity in light-element solid materials	31
Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing	30
Cuprate-like electronic structures in infinite-layer nickelates with substantial hole dopings	30
Origin of sulfate in post-snowball-Earth oceans: river inputs vs. shelf-derived H2S	30
The decline in tropical land carbon sink drove high atmospheric CO2 growth rate in 2023	30
Physics-informed deep-learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations	30
Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices	30
The twin-beginnings of COVID-19 in Asia and Europe—one prevails quickly	30
A >200 Wh kg−1 anode-free Na pouch battery at −40°C enabled by manipulating electrolyte equilibrium	30
Earth's core–mantle boundary shaped by the crystallization of a hydrous terrestrial magma ocean	30
Role of self-assembled molecules in halide perovskite optoelectronics: an atomic-scale perspective	30
Electron-injection-engineering induced dual-phase MoO2.8F0.2/MoO2.4F0.6 heterostructure for magnesium storage	29
Lightweight, highly tough and durable YBa2Cu3O7–x superconductor	29
Space telescope set to open a new chapter in China's solar research	29
SARS-CoV-2 keeps evolving, so must our research efforts	29
Ultrathin and capacity-tunable lithium metal wires for lithium-based fiber batteries	29
Donor-acceptor engineering of a triplet-exciton-optimized MOF photocatalyst for efficient singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation	29
The preface: Interplay of topological and magnetic orders in the Mn-Bi-Te family	29
The circadian clock orchestrates spermatogonial differentiation and fertilization by regulating retinoic acid signaling in vertebrates	29
Correction to: Dual hydration of oceanic lithospher	29
It is time to optimize forest management policy for both carbon sinks and wood harvest in China	29
Hypermethylation in H3K9me3 regions characterizes the centenarian methylomes in healthy aging	29
Reliable perovskite indoor photovoltaics for self-powered devices	28
Constrained future brightening of solar radiation and its implication for China's solar power	28
High-temperature superconductivity up to 223 K in the Al stabilized metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride	28
Intelligent gold nanocluster for effective treatment of malignant tumor via tumor-specific photothermal–chemodynamic therapy with AIE guidance	28
Wearable electronics	28
Integrated multi-omics characterization across clinically relevant subgroups of long COVID	28
Ferroelectric hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites and their structural and functional diversity	28
Emerging analytical methods to characterize zeolite-based materials	27
Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China	27
Robust and dynamic underwater adhesives enabled by catechol-functionalized poly(disulfides) network	27
Scattered seeding of CAR T cells in solid tumors augments anticancer efficacy	27
AI-driven material discovery for energy, catalysis and sustainability	27
Uncovering key salt-tolerant regulators through a combined eQTL and GWAS analysis using the super pan-genome in rice	27
Bright, photostable and long-circulating NIR-II nanoparticles for whole-process monitoring and evaluation of renal transplantation	27
The temporal dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica and predominant serovars in China	27
Re-examining the strangest early vertebrate	26
Dynamic confinement of SAPO-17 cages on the selectivity control of syngas conversion	26
Leapfrogging Sycamore: harnessing 1432 GPUs for 7× faster quantum random circuit sampling	26
A skin-inspired durable de-icing surface with boosting interfacial cracks	26
Correction to: A 3D Braincase of the Early Jawed Vertebrate Palaeospondylus from Australia	26
Black soldier fly: a new model for bioremediation of antibiotic pollutants	26
Lithium-plasmon-based low-powered dynamic color display	26
DNA palette code for time-series archival data storage	25
Carbon emission reduction in cement production catalyzed by steel solid waste	25
Extended battery longevity with external lithium supply	25
Skyrmions-based logic gates in one single nanotrack completely reconstructed via chirality barrier	25
High-resolution mapping of CH4/N2O emissions from industrialization-related anthropogenic sources in China	25
Competition for gradient-free tuning of large language models: approaches, results, current challenges and future directions	25
Spin chemistry in living systems	25
Semisynthesis of homogeneous spike RBD glycoforms from SARS-CoV-2 for profiling the correlations between glycan composition and function	25
Methyl eugenol regulates mating behavior in oriental fruit flies by enhancing lek attractiveness	24
Engineering durable interphases for high-voltage Li-ion batteries under thermal stress	24
Lymph node-biomimetic scaffold boosts CAR-T therapy against solid tumor	24
The preface: Nickelates - a new playground for high-Tc superconductivity	24
Cutting-edge deep-learning based tools for metagenomic research	24
Dissipationless layertronics in axion insulator MnBi2Te4	24
Isotropic thermal insulating cuttlebone-inspired MXene aerogel	24
Layer Hall effect induced by hidden Berry curvature in antiferromagnetic insulators	24
Pressure-induced superconductivity at 32 K in MoB2	24