National Science Review

Article	Citations
Advancements in superconducting quantum computing	364
Unusual metallic state in superconducting A15-type La4H23	285
Neuro-symbolic approaches in artificial intelligence	282
Intrinsic stabilization of vacancies in catalysts via high-entropy approach for lithium-sulfur batteries	273
Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton-conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures	222
Phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections	210
Ultra-sensitivity in reconstructed exceptional systems	204
Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator	182
Reconstructing human history from ancient genomes: an interview with Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo	176
Agricultural ditches and stream networks are overlooked hotspots of carbon emissions	176
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators	175
Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on	171
An energy harvester for all seasons	165
Magnetic exchange interaction between unpaired π- and d-electrons in nanographene-metal coordination complexes	163
From aspiration to implementation of the 30% solution	158
North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts	150
Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity	149
Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks	121
Taking a broader view of Three Gorges Dam	118
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes	118
Specifying floodwater characteristics in understanding human-mobility response: a comment to Tang et al.	116
NEATmap: a high-efficiency deep learning approach for whole mouse brain neuronal activity trace mapping	116
Monitoring the delicate operations of surgical robots via ultra-sensitive ionic electronic skin	115
Aqueous iron-based redox flow batteries for large-scale energy storage	112
Exoplanets, extraterrestrial life and beyond: an interview with Douglas Lin	112

Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance	111
Silvery fullerene in Ag102 nanosaucer	110
AI enhances drug discovery and development	109
Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium–sulfur batteries	109
Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices	108
Deep learning can predict global earthquake-triggered landslides	106
The raising and westward expansion of central Tibet	103
Unimodal productivity–biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands	101
Rollback, scissor-like closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and formation of an orocline: magmatic migration based on a large archive of age data	98
Oral nano-antioxidants improve sleep by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and preventing systemic inflammation	95
Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit	93
p–d orbital hybridization induced by transition metal atom sites for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries	90
Genetic modification of Gγ subunit AT1 enhances salt-alkali tolerance in main graminaceous crops	89
U-Th and U-Pb geochronology of Quaternary carbonates	89
Ultrasensitive opto-electronic biosensor arrays based on twisted bilayer graphene superlattice	88
Rapid and large-scale glycopeptide enrichment strategy based on chemical ligation	85
Reflections on DeepSeek's breakthrough	85
Canine EEG helps human: cross-species and cross-modality epileptic seizure detection via multi-space alignment	85
Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation	83
Alternating current electroluminescent fibers for textile displays	82
Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules	81
Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries	79
Reconstructing interfacial manganese deposition for durable aqueous zinc–manganese batteries	78
Deciphering failure paths in lithium metal anodes by electrochemical curve fingerprints	77
Dual molecular bridges at perovskite heterointerfaces for efficient inverted solar cells	76
On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions	76
Science battles viral diseases: a roundtable discussion with leading experts on COVID-19, hepatitis and AIDS	76
Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35–32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics	76
Mode water going round	73
Elasticity meets topology	72
Inner-shell electrons enable both high power and energy densities	72
CMW-Net: an adaptive robust algorithm for sample selection and label correction	72
Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists	71
Global weirding at mass extinction horizons	71
Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon	71
Breaking Kasha's rule for photoswitchable reactive oxygen species generation in carbonylated carbon nitride	70
Two-dimensional ballistic transistors for advanced-node integrated circuits	70
Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures	69
Spin-polarized d-orbital filling in cobalt catalysts boosts solution-mediated Li-O2 batteries	68
A heat transfer model for liquid film boiling on micro-structured surfaces	68
Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions	66
Biocompatible zinc battery with programmable electro-cross-linked electrolyte	66
Partial offset of soil greenhouse gases emissions by enhanced vegetation carbon uptake upon thermokarst formation	65
Hydrogen-bonded organic framework for regulating pathogenic autoantigen and oxidative stress in psoriasis treatment	65
Regulating the properties of XQ-2d for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pancreatic cancers	64
Superconducting ternary hydrides: progress and challenges	63
Time–frequency transfer over optical fiber	63
A single-domain protein catenane of dihydrofolate reductase	62
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo	62
Flexible multimaterial fibers in modern biomedical applications	60

Patterns and change rates of glacial lake water levels across High Mountain Asia	60
Revisiting the mechanisms of mid-Tertiary uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau	59
Investigating thermal properties of 2D non-layered material using a NEMS-based 2-DOF approach towards ultrahigh-performance bolometer	58
Syntropic spin alignment at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting nitrides	58
Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections	58
Leaping plastic thermoelectrics through multi-heterojunction design	58
Real-time tracking of ER turnover during ERLAD by a rhenium complex via lifetime imaging	57
Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries	57
Triplet bismuthinidenes featuring unprecedented giant and positive zero field splittings	55
MicroRNA-triggered in situ programmed assembly of photosensitizers with controlled dimension and accelerated kinetics for precise cancer therapy	55
Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3	55
An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning	55
Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors	54
Tandem electro-thermocatalytic system: redefining CO2 utilization efficiency in methane dry reforming	54
Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds	54
Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum dots	54
Superscattering of water waves	53
Efficient glyceric acid electrosynthesis from waste glycerol on rare-earth-metal-alloyed mesoporous PtPb nanosheets	53
Machine learning for estimation and control of quantum systems	53
The piRNA size matters	53
Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics	52
A bio-inspired microwave wireless system for constituting passive and maintenance-free IoT networks	51
Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions	51
Layer-by-layer assembled 2D nanocomposites for extreme polarization optics	51
Atmospheric inversions for carbon dioxide and methane at a national scale	51
Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction	51
China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2024	50
First finding of coesite in the eclogitic continental crust of the Sesia Zone, Italian Western Alps	50
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics	50
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide	50
Graphene supremacy: the duo duo	49
Massive abiotic methane production in eclogite during cold subduction	49
High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging	48
Collective effects in an incompressible electronic liquid	48
Beyond natural targets: chemical synthesis reprograms the target specificity of rapamycin	48
A robotic AI-Chemist system for multi-modal AI-ready database	48
3D-architected acceptor affords efficient, stable and stretchable photovoltaics	48
Sulfide mineral-driven photon upconversion sustains phototrophic cyanobacteria at deep-sea hydrothermal vents: a reply to Mullineaux and Duffy's chemolithoautotrophic hypothesis	47
Multichamber magnetic capsule robot for selective liquid sampling and drug delivery	47
Non-linear frequency doubling up-conversion of geothermal radiation cannot provide sufficient light to support oxygenic photosynthesis at deep-sea hydrothermal vents	47
Synchronizing sucrose effluxers with influxers in phloem loading for yield output and adaptation to environment	46
Mantle plume trail beneath the ca. 1.1 Ga North American Midcontinent Rift revealed by magnetotelluric data	46
The origin and fate of subslab partial melts at convergent margins	46
Homo-harringtonine (HHT) is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2-A potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics	46
Construction of nanocarriers based on nucleic acids and their applications in nanobiology delivery systems	46
Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston	46
Natural products are the treasure pool for antimalarial agents	45
Frontiers in zeolites: towards establishing a new discipline of condensed matter chemistry—an interview with Ruren Xu	45
Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models	45
Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting	45
The smallest in the deepest: the enigmatic role of viruses in the deep biosphere	44
Combining cisplatin and a STING agonist into one molecule for metalloimmunotherapy of cancer	44
Aromatic chloroosmacyclopentatrienes	44
Experimental Evidence for Superionic Fe-C Alloy Revealed by Shear Softening in Earth’s Inner Core	43
Metal-hydrogel chelation interfaces for ultrasoft and bidirectional bioelectronics	43
Anthropogenic monoterpenes aggravating ozone pollution	43
Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging	43
Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)	42
Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery	42
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family	42
Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science	42
Brain developmental and cortical connectivity changes in transgenic monkeys carrying the human-specific duplicated gene SRGAP2C	42
Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films	42
A Janus heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation	41
High-entropy-alloy nanoparticles with 21 ultra-mixed elements for efficient photothermal conversion	41
In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol	41
Scalable and straightforward synthesis of electrocatalysts for green hydrogen economy via high-current-density alkaline water splitting	41
Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes	40
Unveiling photophysical mechanisms of NIR-II AIE luminogens for multimodal imaging-navigated synergistic therapies	40
Dual-loop upcycling of spent LiFePO4: defect inheritance enables durable and fast-charging sodium-ion batteries	39
Smart metasurfaces enable wireless detection of hazardous liquids	39
A K+-sensitive AND-gate dual-mode probe for simultaneous tumor imaging and malignancy identification	39
Uncover rock-climbing fish's secret of balancing tight adhesion and fast sliding for bioinspired robots	39
Radiocatalytic ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water	39
The greenhouse gas budget for China's terrestrial ecosystems	39
Accelerated water harvesting from vapor via a bio-inspired hydrogel pattern	38
Semiconductor fibers for textile integrated electronic systems	38
Conceptual transition from molecular to atomic: unleashing a new era in hydrogen therapy for chronic disease	38
Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence	38
Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation	38

Nanosecond-scale single-molecule reaction dynamics for scalable synthesis on a chip	38
Search of high-frequency variations of fundamental constants using spin-based quantum sensors	37
Commentary on ‘Physics-informed deep learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations’ by Zhu et al.	37
Photovoltage enhancement of M-series acceptor-based polymer solar cells and minimodules through the modulation of charge-transfer states	37
Fluorine-doped argyrodite sulfide electrolyte enables commercial LiCoO2 use for 4.6 V high-voltage all-solid-state batteries	36
Single-shot simultaneous intensity, phase and polarization imaging with metasurface	36
A photon-controlled diode with a new signal-processing behavior	36
How can neuromorphic hardware attain brain-like functional capabilities?	36
Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems	36
Clouds buffer Arctic warming	36
Identification and semisynthesis of (−)-anisomelic acid as oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in mice	36
A >200 Wh kg−1 anode-free Na pouch battery at −40°C enabled by manipulating electrolyte equilibrium	36
Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices	35
Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?	35
Mechanically robust bamboo node and its hierarchically fibrous structural design	35
Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large	34
Robotic mobile and mirror milling of large-scale complex structures	34
Maximizing catalytic efficiency with bio-inspired hierarchical porous zeolites	34
Bipolarized intrinsic faradaic layer on a semiconductor surface under illumination	34
Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity in light-element solid materials	33
Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically	33
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China	33
Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ	33
Simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, stability and stretchability in binary polymer solar cells with a three-dimensional aromatic-core tethered tetrameric acceptor	33
An era of hyper-resolution land surface models: truth or dare?	33
Achieving 500-GHz communication over 1.2 km using an astronomical telescope with a quantum-limited superconducting receiver	32
South Pole–Aitken massive impact 4.25 billion years ago revealed by Chang'e-6 samples	32
Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties	32
The second polar body contributes to the fate asymmetry in the mouse embryo	32
Deep brain–machine interfaces: sensing and modulating the human deep brain	32
Dynamic phenotypic heterogeneity and the evolution of multiple RNA subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma: the PLANET study	32
Bridging oxidase catalysis and oxygen reduction electrocatalysis by model single-atom catalysts	32
The decline in tropical land carbon sink drove high atmospheric CO2 growth rate in 2023	32
Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans from long-term microbial degradation perspective	32
The C: N: P stoichiometry in bryophytes: relationships with habitat, climate and growth form	32
The preface: Interplay of topological and magnetic orders in the Mn-Bi-Te family	31
3D micropattern force regulates stem cell function	31
Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines (VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses	31
Harnessing spin effects for heterogeneous single-atom spin catalysis	31
Space telescope set to open a new chapter in China's solar research	31
SARS-CoV-2 keeps evolving, so must our research efforts	31
High-speed flexible near-infrared organic photodiode for optical communication	31
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through ‘mouth-to-teat’ transmission	31
Physics-informed deep-learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations	31
Correction to: Dual hydration of oceanic lithospher	31
Cuprate-like electronic structures in infinite-layer nickelates with substantial hole dopings	31
The circadian clock orchestrates spermatogonial differentiation and fertilization by regulating retinoic acid signaling in vertebrates	31
Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing	31
Reversible biomass aerogels with flame retardancy and smart elasticity	31
Role of self-assembled molecules in halide perovskite optoelectronics: an atomic-scale perspective	31
Lightweight, highly tough and durable YBa2Cu3O7–x superconductor	30
Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices	30
Electron-injection-engineering induced dual-phase MoO2.8F0.2/MoO2.4F0.6 heterostructure for magnesium storage	30
Origin of sulfate in post-snowball-Earth oceans: river inputs vs. shelf-derived H2S	30
Ultrathin and capacity-tunable lithium metal wires for lithium-based fiber batteries	30
Emerging analytical methods to characterize zeolite-based materials	29
Constrained future brightening of solar radiation and its implication for China's solar power	29
The twin-beginnings of COVID-19 in Asia and Europe—one prevails quickly	29
Reliable perovskite indoor photovoltaics for self-powered devices	29
AI-driven material discovery for energy, catalysis and sustainability	29
High-temperature superconductivity up to 223 K in the Al stabilized metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride	29
Robust and dynamic underwater adhesives enabled by catechol-functionalized poly(disulfides) network	29
Hypermethylation in H3K9me3 regions characterizes the centenarian methylomes in healthy aging	29
Bright, photostable and long-circulating NIR-II nanoparticles for whole-process monitoring and evaluation of renal transplantation	28
Donor-acceptor engineering of a triplet-exciton-optimized MOF photocatalyst for efficient singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation	28
Earth's core–mantle boundary shaped by the crystallization of a hydrous terrestrial magma ocean	28
Recyclable biomacromolecular hydrogel electrolytes for Zn-based aqueous batteries	28
Wearable electronics	28
It is time to optimize forest management policy for both carbon sinks and wood harvest in China	28
Integrated multi-omics characterization across clinically relevant subgroups of long COVID	27
Ferroelectric hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites and their structural and functional diversity	27
The temporal dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica and predominant serovars in China	27
Uncovering key salt-tolerant regulators through a combined eQTL and GWAS analysis using the super pan-genome in rice	27
Intelligent gold nanocluster for effective treatment of malignant tumor via tumor-specific photothermal–chemodynamic therapy with AIE guidance	27
Integrative single-cell multiomics analyses dissect molecular signatures of intratumoral heterogeneities and differentiation states of human gastric cancer	27
Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China	27
Spin chemistry in living systems	26
DNA palette code for time-series archival data storage	26
Dissipationless layertronics in axion insulator MnBi2Te4	26
Engineering durable interphases for high-voltage Li-ion batteries under thermal stress	26
Direct conversion of CO2 to CH4 on Pd/graphdiyne single-crystalline	26
Leapfrogging Sycamore: harnessing 1432 GPUs for 7× faster quantum random circuit sampling	26
Cutting-edge deep-learning based tools for metagenomic research	26
Competition for gradient-free tuning of large language models: approaches, results, current challenges and future directions	25
Pressure-induced superconductivity at 32 K in MoB2	25
Methyl eugenol regulates mating behavior in oriental fruit flies by enhancing lek attractiveness	25
3D aerogels from hybrid 2D materials: ultralight and flexible superinsulators	25
Anthropogenic emission is the main contributor to the rise of atmospheric methane during 1993–2017	25
High-resolution mapping of CH4/N2O emissions from industrialization-related anthropogenic sources in China	25
Non-hygroscopic ionogel-based humidity-insensitive iontronic sensor arrays for intra-articular pressure sensing	25
Layer Hall effect induced by hidden Berry curvature in antiferromagnetic insulators	24
Lymph node-biomimetic scaffold boosts CAR-T therapy against solid tumor	24
Isotropic thermal insulating cuttlebone-inspired MXene aerogel	24
Correction to: A 3D Braincase of the Early Jawed Vertebrate Palaeospondylus from Australia	24
Extended battery longevity with external lithium supply	24