National Science Review

Article	Citations
Reconstructing human history from ancient genomes: an interview with Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo	660
Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on	334
An energy harvester for all seasons	308
From aspiration to implementation of the 30% solution	257
Specifying floodwater characteristics in understanding human-mobility response: a comment to Tang et al.	250
Innovative surface nanostructures to stabilize single metal site catalysts	241
Artificial intelligence as a surrogate brain: bridging neural dynamical models and data	238
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes	219
U-Th and U-Pb geochronology of Quaternary carbonates	205
Quantized soliton pumping governed by high-dimensional Chern invariants	199
North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts	198
No pervasive relationship between phyllosphere nitrifier abundance and canopy nitrification in European forests	196
Dynamic evolution in stage-evolving Pd catalysis: unlocking efficient and selective hydrogenation of lignin-derived aldehydes	175
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators	174
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the domestication mechanism of black rice	171
Unimodal productivity–biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands	169
Magnetic exchange interaction between unpaired π- and d-electrons in nanographene-metal coordination complexes	161
Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton-conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures	154
Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries	148
Functionally adaptive smart metasurface window with Weber beams for obstacle-avoiding communications in vehicle cabin	146
Phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections	145
Post-Moore two-dimensional integrated electronics for angstrom-nodes	143
Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity	141
Ultralow-dose X-ray imaging enabled by vertically homogeneous perovskite films	139
AI enhances drug discovery and development	135

Programmable calculus operations in electromagnetic space using space-time-coding metasurface	132
Reflections on DeepSeek's breakthrough	129
Reconstructing interfacial manganese deposition for durable aqueous zinc–manganese batteries	128
Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium–sulfur batteries	127
Monitoring the delicate operations of surgical robots via ultra-sensitive ionic electronic skin	126
Intrinsic stabilization of vacancies in catalysts via high-entropy approach for lithium-sulfur batteries	124
Deep learning can predict global earthquake-triggered landslides	119
Silvery fullerene in Ag102 nanosaucer	117
Ultra-sensitivity in reconstructed exceptional systems	115
Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit	111
Critical transition of urban ozone formation regime in the North China Plain	110
Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules	109
Magnetic-field-guided catalytic effect mitigates Li2S passivation of lithium–sulfur batteries	108
Deciphering failure paths in lithium metal anodes by electrochemical curve fingerprints	106
NEATmap: a high-efficiency deep learning approach for whole mouse brain neuronal activity trace mapping	105
Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks	103
Minerals and atmosphere coevolve in the Earth’s history	102
Advancements in superconducting quantum computing	101
Soliton-like coherent structures: a key to opening the door to turbulence	100
Agricultural ditches and stream networks are overlooked hotspots of carbon emissions	100
Electrothermal catalysis: paradigm shift from monolithic Joule heating to interparticle electrical promotion	99
Basin uplift and related climate dynamics drive far-field submarine landslides	98
Unusual metallic state in superconducting A15-type La4H23	95
Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices	94
Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance	93
Rapid and large-scale glycopeptide enrichment strategy based on chemical ligation	93
Reversible N2 binding and photoreduction at dinuclear sites in dynamic metal-organic frameworks	93
Quantifying cooperative FA+/MA+ ion migration in mixed perovskites via nano-infrared imaging	93
Canine EEG helps human: cross-species and cross-modality epileptic seizure detection via multi-space alignment	89
Aqueous iron-based redox flow batteries for large-scale energy storage	89
Sulfur-containing sustainable polymers: synthetic pathways, degradation mechanisms, and multifunctional applications	87
The raising and westward expansion of central Tibet	86
Genetic modification of Gγ subunit AT1 enhances salt-alkali tolerance in main graminaceous crops	85
A system capable of verifiably and privately screening global DNA synthesis	83
Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator	83
Ultrasensitive optoelectronic biosensor arrays based on twisted bilayer graphene superlattice	82
Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation	82
p–d orbital hybridization induced by transition metal atom sites for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries	80
Oral nano-antioxidants improve sleep by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and preventing systemic inflammation	79
Science battles viral diseases: a roundtable discussion with leading experts on COVID-19, hepatitis and AIDS	78
Elasticity meets topology	78
Mode water going round	78
Global weirding at mass extinction horizons	77
Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists	77
Two-dimensional ballistic transistors for advanced-node integrated circuits	76
An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning	76
Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3	75
Leaping plastic thermoelectrics through multi-heterojunction design	75
CMW-Net: an adaptive robust algorithm for sample selection and label correction	74
High-throughput design of optoelectronic–ferroelectric heterostructure from materials to sensor–memory–computing devices	74

On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions	74
Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors	73
Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds	72
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo	71
Globally doubled methane emissions from nutrient-enriched rivers	70
Partial offset of soil greenhouse gases emissions by enhanced vegetation carbon uptake upon thermokarst formation	70
Revisiting the mechanisms of mid-Tertiary uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau	70
Superscattering of water waves	69
Soft electroceutical immunomodulation	68
The piRNA size matters	68
Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics	67
Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections	67
Ionomer-Directed Reaction Pathway for CO2 Electroreduction	67
Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures	67
Investigating thermal properties of 2D non-layered material using a NEMS-based 2-DOF approach towards ultrahigh-performance bolometer	67
Tandem electro-thermocatalytic system: redefining CO2 utilization efficiency in methane dry reforming	67
Unraveling intertwined orders in the strongly correlated kagome metal CsCr3Sb5	66
Triplet bismuthinidenes featuring unprecedented giant and positive zero field splittings	66
Spin-polarized d-orbital filling in cobalt catalysts boosts solution-mediated Li-O2 batteries	65
Regulating the properties of XQ-2d for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pancreatic cancers	65
Superconducting ternary hydrides: progress and challenges	65
A heat transfer model for liquid film boiling on micro-structured surfaces	65
Asian continental isoscapes of tree-ring δ18O: implications for paleoclimate and paleoenvironment	65
Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon	65
Hydrogen-bonded organic framework for regulating pathogenic autoantigen and oxidative stress in psoriasis treatment	65
Activating oxygen on nickel (oxy)hydroxide to promote electrochemical oxidative dehydrogenation of organic molecules	64
Breaking Kasha's rule for photoswitchable reactive oxygen species generation in carbonylated carbon nitride	64
NIR-II fluorescence projection technology for augmented-reality surgical navigation	63
Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35–32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics	63
Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries	63
Intelligent structural microbatteries for adaptive microrobots	63
Efficient glyceric acid electrosynthesis from waste glycerol on rare-earth-metal-alloyed mesoporous PtPb nanosheets	62
Optically locked low-noise photonic microwave oscillator	62
Evidence of Mott insulator with thermally induced melting behavior in kagome compound Nb3Cl8	62
Patterns and change rates of glacial lake water levels across High Mountain Asia	62
Biocompatible zinc battery with programmable electro-cross-linked electrolyte	61
Superior interfacial thermal conductance between β -Ga2O3 and diamond realized through metal-assisted epitaxial strategy	61
Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum dots	60
MicroRNA-triggered in situ programmed assembly of photosensitizers with controlled dimension and accelerated kinetics for precise cancer therapy	60
Time–frequency transfer over optical fiber	60
Machine learning for estimation and control of quantum systems	59
Inner-shell electrons enable both high power and energy densities	59
Syntropic spin alignment at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting nitrides	58
Flexible multimaterial fibers in modern biomedical applications	58
Dual molecular bridges at perovskite heterointerfaces for efficient inverted solar cells	57
A single-domain protein catenane of dihydrofolate reductase	57
Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions	57
Layer-by-layer assembled 2D nanocomposites for extreme polarization optics	56
China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2024	55
Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions	55
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide	54
Mantle plume trail beneath the ca. 1.1 Ga North American Midcontinent Rift revealed by magnetotelluric data	53
High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging	53
3D-architected acceptor affords efficient, stable and stretchable photovoltaics	53
Atmospheric inversions for carbon dioxide and methane at a national scale	53
First finding of coesite in the eclogitic continental crust of the Sesia Zone, Italian Western Alps	53
Collective effects in an incompressible electronic liquid	53
Electronic softening of degraded LiCoO2 enables direct regeneration via ligand-mediated interface modulation	53
Non-linear frequency doubling up-conversion of geothermal radiation cannot provide sufficient light to support oxygenic photosynthesis at deep-sea hydrothermal vents	53
Graphene supremacy: the duo duo	53
Water-induced mantle overturn explains high Archean paleointensities	52
Giant enhancement of optoelectronic properties in compressed boron-rich semiconductors	51
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics	51
Homoharringtonine is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2: a potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics	51
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family	51
Heavy melts, light residues: new research identifies the potential importance of Si isotope fractionation in subducting slabs	51
Exciton-plasmon coupling in tBLG-Au nanodisks for ultrasensitive miRNA sensing	51
Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting	51
Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction	51
Dramatic biases in terrestrial nitrogen fixation in Earth System Models revealed by natural isotope signatures	51
Stacked-overlapped graphdiyne nano-iontronics enabling enhanced monovalent/divalent cation selectivity for single-cell pH detection	50
Ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase engineering for 2D layered ultra-high- κ dielectrics	50
Aromatic chloroosmacyclopentatrienes	50
Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films	50
Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston	50
A Janus heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation	50
Brain developmental and cortical connectivity changes in transgenic monkeys carrying the human-specific duplicated gene SRGAP2C	50
Structural and electronic signatures of strain-tunable marginally twisted bilayer graphene	49
Global joint climate action is indispensable, but the time is running out	49
Carbon nanotube superplastic with long-awaited performance	49

In situ gradient nanoprecipitation enables alloys with record-high as-cast strength−ductility synergy	49
Hydrodynamic cavitation for prebiotic ribose formation from H2O and CO2	49
A bio-inspired microwave wireless system for constituting passive and maintenance-free IoT networks	48
Experimental evidence for superionic Fe–C alloy revealed by shear softening in Earth’s inner core	48
Twisting graphene into correlation and topology	48
Synchronizing sucrose effluxers with influxers in phloem loading for yield output and adaptation to environment	48
Directional migration of Mg2+ in hexagonal Se cathode to unlock high-energy-density Mg metal batteries	48
Hearing higher-order Weyl exceptional rings in lossy metamaterials	48
Multiple hetero-redox centers in a phenazine-ketone scaffold for high-energy-density aqueous flow batteries toward durable energy storage	48
Thermal runaway-free Na-ion batteries	48
Intercoupled electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis via a looped Li–N2/H2 battery	48
Exploiting deep sulfur conversion by tandem catalysis for all-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries	48
The origin and fate of subslab partial melts at convergent margins	48
In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol	47
Metal–hydrogel chelation interfaces for ultrasoft and bidirectional bioelectronics	47
A robotic AI-Chemist system for multi-modal AI-ready database	47
Predicting the evolutionary and functional landscapes of viruses with a unified nucleotide-protein language model: LucaVirus	47
Lipid-capped transistors bring cardiac testing closer to the bedside	47
Rapid and high-quality formation of dodecagonal quasicrystals and their approximants using a purely mechanical approach	46
Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging	46
The smallest in the deepest: the enigmatic role of viruses in the deep biosphere	46
Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery	46
Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes	46
Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science	46
Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)	45
Combining cisplatin and a STING agonist into one molecule for metalloimmunotherapy of cancer	45
Multichamber magnetic capsule robot for selective liquid sampling and drug delivery	45
Sulfide mineral-driven photon upconversion sustains phototrophic cyanobacteria at deep-sea hydrothermal vents: a reply to Mullineaux and Duffy's chemolithoautotrophic hypothesis	45
Scalable and straightforward synthesis of electrocatalysts for green hydrogen economy via high-current-density alkaline water splitting	45
Massive abiotic methane production in eclogite during cold subduction	45
An innovative paradigm of composition optimization for nickel-based single-crystal superalloys	44
Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models	44
Clouds buffer Arctic warming	43
An era of hyper-resolution land surface models: truth or dare?	43
Conceptual transition from molecular to atomic: unleashing a new era in hydrogen therapy for chronic disease	43
Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large	43
Built-in buoyancy enables efficient water energy harvesting	43
How can neuromorphic hardware attain brain-like functional capabilities?	42
Hybrid Pickering emulsifiers (HYPIEs) via synergistic water/oil interfacial interactions: enhanced properties and applications	42
Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically	42
Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?	42
Reversible biomass aerogels with flame retardancy and smart elasticity	42
A scalable molten-salt epitaxy of analog-compatible correlated perovskites at micrometer-scale thickness	42
Accelerated water harvesting from vapor via a bio-inspired hydrogel pattern	41
Adhesion-guided CEI enables stable 4.6 V LiCoO2 at 45°C	41
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China	41
Nanosecond-scale single-molecule reaction dynamics for scalable synthesis on a chip	41
Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity in light-element solid materials	41
Connecting minds and machines: an interview with Miguel Nicolelis on brain–machine interfaces	41
The C: N: P stoichiometry in bryophytes: relationships with habitat, climate and growth form	41
Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices	41
The greenhouse gas budget for China's terrestrial ecosystems	41
Radiocatalytic ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water	40
In situ generation of dendritic cell vaccines in 3D printing scaffolds for cancer post-surgical therapy	40
Identification and semisynthesis of (−)-anisomelic acid as oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in mice	40
Stability breakthrough accelerates commercialization of perovskite indoor photovoltaics	40
Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ	40
Reimagining ion-transport pathways for all-solid-state lithium batteries	40
Uncover rock-climbing fish's secret of balancing tight adhesion and fast sliding for bioinspired robots	40
3D micropattern force regulates stem cell function	40
Robotic mobile and mirror milling of large-scale complex structures	39
Harnessing spin effects for heterogeneous single-atom spin catalysis	39
Deep brain–machine interfaces: sensing and modulating the human deep brain	39
Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation	39
Stabilizing active N species on support for enhancing ammonia synthesis	39
Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans from long-term microbial degradation perspective	38
Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines (VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses	38
Efficient synthesis of a snowflake-shaped folded assembly, an 818 knot, and a closed three-link chain via coordination angle modulation	38
Achieving 500-GHz communication over 1.2 km using an astronomical telescope with a quantum-limited superconducting receiver	38
Oxygen-mediated tandem polyethylene upcycling for selective aromatic synthesis	38
Semiconductor fibers for textile integrated electronic systems	37
Cuprate-like electronic structures in infinite-layer nickelates with substantial hole dopings	37
MRI-compatible soft fiber bioelectronics for multimodal assessment of electrical neural stimulation on whole-brain activation	37
Simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, stability and stretchability in binary polymer solar cells with a three-dimensional aromatic-core tethered tetrameric acceptor	37
Search of high-frequency variations of fundamental constants using spin-based quantum sensors	37
Direct ink writing of tantalum: tailorable hierarchical porous scaffold for osteogenesis	37
Environmental effectiveness of the National Action Plan to Contain Antimicrobial Resistance: evidence from Chinese soil	37
Smart metasurfaces enable wireless detection of hazardous liquids	36
The decline in tropical land carbon sink drove high atmospheric CO2 growth rate in 2023	36
Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties	36
Fluorine-doped argyrodite sulfide electrolyte enables commercial LiCoO2 use for 4.6 V high-voltage all-solid-state batteries	36
High-speed flexible near-infrared organic photodiode for optical communication	36
Bipolarized intrinsic faradaic layer on a semiconductor surface under illumination	36
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through ‘mouth-to-teat’ transmission	35
A >200 Wh kg−1 anode-free Na pouch battery at −40°C enabled by manipulating electrolyte equilibrium	35
Dual-loop upcycling of spent LiFePO4: defect inheritance enables durable and fast-charging sodium-ion batteries	35
South Pole–Aitken massive impact 4.25 billion years ago revealed by Chang'e-6 samples	35
Extreme dry-hot in North America and Europe: the amplified role of warming-enhanced land-air coupling	35
Maximizing catalytic efficiency with bio-inspired hierarchical porous zeolites	35
Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems	35
Single-shot simultaneous intensity, phase and polarization imaging with metasurface	34
Mechanically robust bamboo node and its hierarchically fibrous structural design	34
Photovoltage enhancement of M-series acceptor-based polymer solar cells and minimodules through the modulation of charge-transfer states	34
Unveiling photophysical mechanisms of NIR-II AIE luminogens for multimodal imaging-navigated synergistic therapies	34
Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence	34