National Science Review

Article	Citations
Reconstructing human history from ancient genomes: an interview with Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo	534
Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on	501
An energy harvester for all seasons	393
From aspiration to implementation of the 30% solution	303
Specifying floodwater characteristics in understanding human-mobility response: a comment to Tang et al.	274
Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator	238
Innovative surface nanostructures to stabilize single metal site catalysts	228
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the domestication mechanism of black rice	223
Alternating current electroluminescent fibers for textile displays	222
Magnetic-field-guided catalytic effect mitigates Li2S passivation of lithium–sulfur batteries	203
Functionally adaptive smart metasurface window with Weber beams for obstacle-avoiding communications in vehicle cabin	191
Quantifying cooperative FA+/MA+ ion migration in mixed perovskites via nano-infrared imaging	188
Post-Moore two-dimensional integrated electronics for angstrom-nodes	188
Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit	183
Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices	178
Advancements in superconducting quantum computing	159
Electrothermal catalysis: paradigm shift from monolithic Joule heating to interparticle electrical promotion	159
Intrinsic stabilization of vacancies in catalysts via high-entropy approach for lithium-sulfur batteries	159
The raising and westward expansion of central Tibet	156
North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts	140
Agricultural ditches and stream networks are overlooked hotspots of carbon emissions	140
Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks	136
Artificial intelligence as a surrogate brain: bridging neural dynamical models and data	135
Ultra-sensitivity in reconstructed exceptional systems	130
Programmable calculus operations in electromagnetic space using space-time-coding metasurface	129

Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton-conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures	129
Reversible N2 binding and photoreduction at dinuclear sites in dynamic metal-organic frameworks	126
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes	125
Magnetic exchange interaction between unpaired π- and d-electrons in nanographene-metal coordination complexes	123
U-Th and U-Pb geochronology of Quaternary carbonates	123
Critical transition of urban ozone formation regime in the North China Plain	123
Quantized soliton pumping governed by high-dimensional Chern invariants	122
Rapid and large-scale glycopeptide enrichment strategy based on chemical ligation	120
Genetic modification of Gγ subunit AT1 enhances salt-alkali tolerance in main graminaceous crops	119
Soliton-like coherent structures: a key to opening the door to turbulence	119
p–d orbital hybridization induced by transition metal atom sites for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries	117
Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules	113
Sulfur-containing sustainable polymers: synthetic pathways, degradation mechanisms, and multifunctional applications	110
Unimodal productivity–biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands	107
A system capable of verifiably and privately screening global DNA synthesis	101
Oral nano-antioxidants improve sleep by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and preventing systemic inflammation	101
Canine EEG helps human: cross-species and cross-modality epileptic seizure detection via multi-space alignment	100
Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium–sulfur batteries	99
Phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections	98
Unusual metallic state in superconducting A15-type La4H23	98
Reflections on DeepSeek's breakthrough	96
AI enhances drug discovery and development	95
Reconstructing interfacial manganese deposition for durable aqueous zinc–manganese batteries	94
Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance	94
Monitoring the delicate operations of surgical robots via ultra-sensitive ionic electronic skin	93
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators	92
NEATmap: a high-efficiency deep learning approach for whole mouse brain neuronal activity trace mapping	90
Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries	88
Silvery fullerene in Ag102 nanosaucer	88
Ultrasensitive optoelectronic biosensor arrays based on twisted bilayer graphene superlattice	88
Deep learning can predict global earthquake-triggered landslides	88
No pervasive relationship between phyllosphere nitrifier abundance and canopy nitrification in European forests	86
Aqueous iron-based redox flow batteries for large-scale energy storage	85
Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity	83
Deciphering failure paths in lithium metal anodes by electrochemical curve fingerprints	81
Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation	79
Science battles viral diseases: a roundtable discussion with leading experts on COVID-19, hepatitis and AIDS	79
Mode water going round	77
Elasticity meets topology	76
Global weirding at mass extinction horizons	76
Two-dimensional ballistic transistors for advanced-node integrated circuits	75
Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists	75
Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures	74
A single-domain protein catenane of dihydrofolate reductase	72
Soft electroceutical immunomodulation	72
Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum dots	71
An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning	71
Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics	71
Spin-polarized d-orbital filling in cobalt catalysts boosts solution-mediated Li-O2 batteries	70
Investigating thermal properties of 2D non-layered material using a NEMS-based 2-DOF approach towards ultrahigh-performance bolometer	69

A heat transfer model for liquid film boiling on micro-structured surfaces	69
Evidence of Mott insulator with thermally induced melting behavior in kagome compound Nb3Cl8	69
Dual molecular bridges at perovskite heterointerfaces for efficient inverted solar cells	68
Leaping plastic thermoelectrics through multi-heterojunction design	67
CMW-Net: an adaptive robust algorithm for sample selection and label correction	66
Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3	66
Intelligent structural microbatteries for adaptive microrobots	65
Inner-shell electrons enable both high power and energy densities	65
Flexible multimaterial fibers in modern biomedical applications	65
On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions	65
Unraveling intertwined orders in the strongly correlated kagome metal CsCr3Sb5	65
Time–frequency transfer over optical fiber	64
Hydrogen-bonded organic framework for regulating pathogenic autoantigen and oxidative stress in psoriasis treatment	63
Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections	63
Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors	63
High-throughput design of optoelectronic–ferroelectric heterostructure from materials to sensor–memory–computing devices	63
MicroRNA-triggered in situ programmed assembly of photosensitizers with controlled dimension and accelerated kinetics for precise cancer therapy	63
Syntropic spin alignment at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting nitrides	62
Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds	62
Tandem electro-thermocatalytic system: redefining CO2 utilization efficiency in methane dry reforming	62
Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon	61
Patterns and change rates of glacial lake water levels across High Mountain Asia	61
Triplet bismuthinidenes featuring unprecedented giant and positive zero field splittings	61
Biocompatible zinc battery with programmable electro-cross-linked electrolyte	61
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo	61
Machine learning for estimation and control of quantum systems	60
Regulating the properties of XQ-2d for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pancreatic cancers	60
NIR-II fluorescence projection technology for augmented-reality surgical navigation	60
Asian continental isoscapes of tree-ring δ18O: implications for paleoclimate and paleoenvironment	60
Partial offset of soil greenhouse gases emissions by enhanced vegetation carbon uptake upon thermokarst formation	59
Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35–32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics	59
Optically locked low-noise photonic microwave oscillator	59
Superscattering of water waves	58
The piRNA size matters	58
Globally doubled methane emissions from nutrient-enriched rivers	58
Realizing superior interfacial thermal conductance between β -Ga2O3 and diamond through metal-assisted epitaxial strategy	57
Breaking Kasha's rule for photoswitchable reactive oxygen species generation in carbonylated carbon nitride	57
Revisiting the mechanisms of mid-Tertiary uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau	56
Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries	56
Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions	55
Atmospheric inversions for carbon dioxide and methane at a national scale	55
Layer-by-layer assembled 2D nanocomposites for extreme polarization optics	55
Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions	55
Superconducting ternary hydrides: progress and challenges	55
Efficient glyceric acid electrosynthesis from waste glycerol on rare-earth-metal-alloyed mesoporous PtPb nanosheets	55
Collective effects in an incompressible electronic liquid	54
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide	54
Graphene supremacy: the duo duo	54
China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2024	54
First finding of coesite in the eclogitic continental crust of the Sesia Zone, Italian Western Alps	54
Non-linear frequency doubling up-conversion of geothermal radiation cannot provide sufficient light to support oxygenic photosynthesis at deep-sea hydrothermal vents	53
3D-architected acceptor affords efficient, stable and stretchable photovoltaics	53
Sulfide mineral-driven photon upconversion sustains phototrophic cyanobacteria at deep-sea hydrothermal vents: a reply to Mullineaux and Duffy's chemolithoautotrophic hypothesis	52
Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction	51
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics	51
The origin and fate of subslab partial melts at convergent margins	50
Directional migration of Mg2+ in hexagonal Se cathode to unlock high-energy-density Mg metal batteries	50
Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes	50
Homoharringtonine is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2: a potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics	49
Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting	49
Brain developmental and cortical connectivity changes in transgenic monkeys carrying the human-specific duplicated gene SRGAP2C	49
Dramatic biases in terrestrial nitrogen fixation in Earth System Models revealed by natural isotope signatures	48
Exciton-plasmon coupling in tBLG-Au nanodisks for ultrasensitive miRNA sensing	48
The smallest in the deepest: the enigmatic role of viruses in the deep biosphere	48
Heavy melts, light residues: new research identifies the potential importance of Si isotope fractionation in subducting slabs	48
Stacked-overlapped graphdiyne nano-iontronics enabling enhanced monovalent/divalent cation selectivity for single-cell pH detection	47
Carbon nanotube superplastic with long-awaited performance	47
Aromatic chloroosmacyclopentatrienes	47
Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films	47
Multichamber magnetic capsule robot for selective liquid sampling and drug delivery	47
A Janus heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation	47
Natural products are the treasure pool for antimalarial agents	47
Combining cisplatin and a STING agonist into one molecule for metalloimmunotherapy of cancer	46
Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models	46
Structural and electronic signatures of strain-tunable marginally twisted bilayer graphene	46
Global joint climate action is indispensable, but the time is running out	46
Massive abiotic methane production in eclogite during cold subduction	46
Hydrodynamic cavitation for prebiotic ribose formation from H2O and CO2	45
Water-induced mantle overturn explains high Archean paleointensities	45
Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston	45

Rapid and high-quality formation of dodecagonal quasicrystals and their approximants using a purely mechanical approach	45
High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging	45
Giant enhancement of optoelectronic properties in compressed boron-rich semiconductors	45
Synchronizing sucrose effluxers with influxers in phloem loading for yield output and adaptation to environment	45
Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science	45
Intercoupled electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis via a looped Li–N2/H2 battery	44
Metal–hydrogel chelation interfaces for ultrasoft and bidirectional bioelectronics	44
Thermal runaway-free Na-ion batteries	44
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family	44
Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery	44
Experimental evidence for superionic Fe–C alloy revealed by shear softening in Earth’s inner core	44
In situ gradient nanoprecipitation enables alloys with record-high as-cast strength−ductility synergy	44
Ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase engineering for 2D layered ultra-high- κ dielectrics	44
In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol	44
Exploiting deep sulfur conversion by tandem catalysis for all-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries	44
Mantle plume trail beneath the ca. 1.1 Ga North American Midcontinent Rift revealed by magnetotelluric data	44
A bio-inspired microwave wireless system for constituting passive and maintenance-free IoT networks	43
Hearing higher-order Weyl exceptional ring in lossy metamaterials	43
Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging	43
A robotic AI-Chemist system for multi-modal AI-ready database	43
Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence	42
Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)	42
Scalable and straightforward synthesis of electrocatalysts for green hydrogen economy via high-current-density alkaline water splitting	42
An innovative paradigm of composition optimization for nickel-based single-crystal superalloys	42
Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large	41
Maximizing catalytic efficiency with bio-inspired hierarchical porous zeolites	41
Clouds buffer Arctic warming	41
Built-in buoyancy enables efficient water energy harvesting	41
An era of hyper-resolution land surface models: truth or dare?	41
Conceptual transition from molecular to atomic: unleashing a new era in hydrogen therapy for chronic disease	41
How can neuromorphic hardware attain brain-like functional capabilities?	40
Achieving 500-GHz communication over 1.2 km using an astronomical telescope with a quantum-limited superconducting receiver	40
Oxygen-mediated tandem polyethylene upcycling for selective aromatic synthesis	40
Adhesion-guided CEI enables stable 4.6 V LiCoO2 at 45°C	40
Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?	40
Reversible biomass aerogels with flame retardancy and smart elasticity	40
Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically	40
Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans from long-term microbial degradation perspective	40
Nanosecond-scale single-molecule reaction dynamics for scalable synthesis on a chip	39
Accelerated water harvesting from vapor via a bio-inspired hydrogel pattern	39
Bipolarized intrinsic faradaic layer on a semiconductor surface under illumination	39
The C: N: P stoichiometry in bryophytes: relationships with habitat, climate and growth form	39
Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity in light-element solid materials	39
Smart metasurfaces enable wireless detection of hazardous liquids	39
A scalable molten-salt epitaxy of analog-compatible correlated-perovskites at μm-thick	39
Semiconductor fibers for textile integrated electronic systems	39
Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices	39
Reimagining ion-transport pathways for all-solid-state lithium batteries	38
Deep brain–machine interfaces: sensing and modulating the human deep brain	38
In situ generation of dendritic cell vaccines in 3D printing scaffolds for cancer post-surgical therapy	38
Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems	38
Radiocatalytic ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water	37
Harnessing spin effects for heterogeneous single-atom spin catalysis	37
Robotic mobile and mirror milling of large-scale complex structures	37
Stability breakthrough accelerates commercialization of perovskite indoor photovoltaics	37
Connecting minds and machines: an interview with Miguel Nicolelis on brain-machine interfaces	37
Uncover rock-climbing fish's secret of balancing tight adhesion and fast sliding for bioinspired robots	37
Search of high-frequency variations of fundamental constants using spin-based quantum sensors	37
Single-shot simultaneous intensity, phase and polarization imaging with metasurface	37
Simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, stability and stretchability in binary polymer solar cells with a three-dimensional aromatic-core tethered tetrameric acceptor	37
Mechanically robust bamboo node and its hierarchically fibrous structural design	37
Unveiling photophysical mechanisms of NIR-II AIE luminogens for multimodal imaging-navigated synergistic therapies	37
3D micropattern force regulates stem cell function	36
Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ	36
Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation	36
Photovoltage enhancement of M-series acceptor-based polymer solar cells and minimodules through the modulation of charge-transfer states	36
Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines (VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses	36
The decline in tropical land carbon sink drove high atmospheric CO2 growth rate in 2023	36
The greenhouse gas budget for China's terrestrial ecosystems	35
Stabilizing active N species on support for enhancing ammonia synthesis	35
Dual-loop upcycling of spent LiFePO4: defect inheritance enables durable and fast-charging sodium-ion batteries	35
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through ‘mouth-to-teat’ transmission	35
Fluorine-doped argyrodite sulfide electrolyte enables commercial LiCoO2 use for 4.6 V high-voltage all-solid-state batteries	34
High-speed flexible near-infrared organic photodiode for optical communication	34
Direct ink writing of tantalum: tailorable hierarchical porous scaffold for osteogenesis	34
Identification and semisynthesis of (−)-anisomelic acid as oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in mice	34
MRI-compatible soft fiber bioelectronics for multimodal assessment of electrical neural stimulation on whole-brain activation	34
Cuprate-like electronic structures in infinite-layer nickelates with substantial hole dopings	34
A >200 Wh kg−1 anode-free Na pouch battery at −40°C enabled by manipulating electrolyte equilibrium	34
Extreme dry-hot in North America and Europe: the amplified role of warming-enhanced land-air coupling	34
South Pole–Aitken massive impact 4.25 billion years ago revealed by Chang'e-6 samples	33
Correction to: Dual hydration of oceanic lithospher	33
Space telescope set to open a new chapter in China's solar research	33
Hybrid Pickering emulsifiers (HYPIEs) via synergistic water/oil interfacial interactions: enhanced properties and applications	33
Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing	33
The preface: Interplay of topological and magnetic orders in the Mn-Bi-Te family	33
Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties	33
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China	33
Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices	33
Origin of sulfate in post-snowball-Earth oceans: river inputs vs. shelf-derived H2S	32
Simulating the Hubbard model with moiré semiconductors	32
Ion-selective membranes by UV-induced cleavage of polymer chains	32
Hypermethylation in H3K9me3 regions characterizes the centenarian methylomes in healthy aging	32
China’s top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2025	31
Electron-injection-engineering induced dual-phase MoO2.8F0.2/MoO2.4F0.6 heterostructure for magnesium storage	31