National Science Review

Article	Citations
Reconstructing human history from ancient genomes: an interview with Nobel laureate Svante Pääbo	383
Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on	319
An energy harvester for all seasons	307
From aspiration to implementation of the 30% solution	255
Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity	255
Taking a broader view of Three Gorges Dam	197
Specifying floodwater characteristics in understanding human-mobility response: a comment to Tang et al.	189
Soliton/like coherent structures: a key to opening the door to turbulence	185
Rapid and large-scale glycopeptide enrichment strategy based on chemical ligation	185
Exoplanets, extraterrestrial life and beyond: an interview with Douglas Lin	185
Canine EEG helps human: cross-species and cross-modality epileptic seizure detection via multi-space alignment	180
The raising and westward expansion of central Tibet	180
North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation controlled by Gulf Stream fronts	178
Artificial intelligence as a surrogate brain: Bridging neural dynamical models and data	178
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the domestication mechanism of black rice	172
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators	135
Silvery fullerene in Ag102 nanosaucer	132
p–d orbital hybridization induced by transition metal atom sites for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries	131
Innovative surface nanostructures to stabilize single metal site catalysts	126
U-Th and U-Pb geochronology of Quaternary carbonates	126
Oral nano-antioxidants improve sleep by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and preventing systemic inflammation	126
Reflections on DeepSeek's breakthrough	125
Intrinsic stabilization of vacancies in catalysts via high-entropy approach for lithium-sulfur batteries	122
Postcranial disparity of galeaspids and the evolution of swimming speeds in stem-gnathostomes	121
Full-parameter omnidirectional transformation optical devices	120

Ultra-sensitivity in reconstructed exceptional systems	119
Alternating current electroluminescent fibers for textile displays	118
Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules	117
Agricultural ditches and stream networks are overlooked hotspots of carbon emissions	115
Advancements in superconducting quantum computing	114
Phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections	114
Magnetic exchange interaction between unpaired π- and d-electrons in nanographene-metal coordination complexes	112
Advancing brain-inspired computing with hybrid neural networks	109
Ion channel-gated covalent organic framework membrane for sustainable lithium–sulfur batteries	104
Unimodal productivity–biodiversity relationship along the gradient of multidimensional resources across Chinese grasslands	102
Sulfur-containing sustainable polymers: synthetic pathways, degradation mechanisms, and multifunctional applications	102
Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator	99
Functional dissimilarity in mixed forests promotes stem radial growth by mitigating tree water deficit	99
Unusual metallic state in superconducting A15-type La4H23	98
Neuro-symbolic approaches in artificial intelligence	97
Deep learning can predict global earthquake-triggered landslides	95
AI enhances drug discovery and development	91
Deciphering failure paths in lithium metal anodes by electrochemical curve fingerprints	90
Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries	90
Aqueous iron-based redox flow batteries for large-scale energy storage	89
Stretchable polymer composites with ultrahigh piezoelectric performance	88
Monitoring the delicate operations of surgical robots via ultra-sensitive ionic electronic skin	88
Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation	86
Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton-conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures	86
Ultrasensitive optoelectronic biosensor arrays based on twisted bilayer graphene superlattice	85
Reconstructing interfacial manganese deposition for durable aqueous zinc–manganese batteries	83
NEATmap: a high-efficiency deep learning approach for whole mouse brain neuronal activity trace mapping	83
Genetic modification of Gγ subunit AT1 enhances salt-alkali tolerance in main graminaceous crops	83
Science battles viral diseases: a roundtable discussion with leading experts on COVID-19, hepatitis and AIDS	82
Global weirding at mass extinction horizons	80
Mode water going round	80
Elasticity meets topology	80
CMW-Net: an adaptive robust algorithm for sample selection and label correction	80
Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists	79
Two-dimensional ballistic transistors for advanced-node integrated circuits	79
Ternary superhydrides for high-temperature superconductivity at low pressures	78
Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors	77
Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics	77
Low-threshold anisotropic polychromatic emission from monodisperse quantum dots	77
Leaping plastic thermoelectrics through multi-heterojunction design	77
Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds	76
Inner-shell electrons enable both high power and energy densities	75
Tandem electro-thermocatalytic system: redefining CO2 utilization efficiency in methane dry reforming	75
Syntropic spin alignment at the interface between ferromagnetic and superconducting nitrides	75
The piRNA size matters	74
Investigating thermal properties of 2D non-layered material using a NEMS-based 2-DOF approach towards ultrahigh-performance bolometer	73
MicroRNA-triggered in situ programmed assembly of photosensitizers with controlled dimension and accelerated kinetics for precise cancer therapy	73
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo	72
High-throughput design of optoelectronic-ferroelectric heterostructure from materials to sensor–memory–computing devices	72
On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions	71

Partial offset of soil greenhouse gases emissions by enhanced vegetation carbon uptake upon thermokarst formation	71
Intelligent structural microbatteries for adaptive microrobots	70
Anomalous displacement reaction for synthesizing above-room-temperature and air-stable vdW ferromagnet PtTe2Ge1/3	68
Dual molecular bridges at perovskite heterointerfaces for efficient inverted solar cells	68
A heat transfer model for liquid film boiling on micro-structured surfaces	67
Synthesis of pyrimidines from dinitrogen and carbon	66
Spin-polarized d-orbital filling in cobalt catalysts boosts solution-mediated Li-O2 batteries	66
An octopamine-specific GRAB sensor reveals a monoamine relay circuitry that boosts aversive learning	66
Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35–32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics	63
Evidence of Mott insulator with thermally induced melting behavior in kagome compound Nb3Cl8	62
A single-domain protein catenane of dihydrofolate reductase	61
Global decline in microbial-derived carbon stocks with climate warming and its future projections	61
Regulating the properties of XQ-2d for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pancreatic cancers	61
Efficient glyceric acid electrosynthesis from waste glycerol on rare-earth-metal-alloyed mesoporous PtPb nanosheets	60
Time–frequency transfer over optical fiber	59
Biocompatible zinc battery with programmable electro-cross-linked electrolyte	59
Triplet bismuthinidenes featuring unprecedented giant and positive zero field splittings	58
Flexible multimaterial fibers in modern biomedical applications	58
Breaking Kasha's rule for photoswitchable reactive oxygen species generation in carbonylated carbon nitride	56
Asian continental isoscapes of tree-ring δ18O: implications for paleoclimate and paleoenvironment	56
Revisiting the mechanisms of mid-Tertiary uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau	55
Superscattering of water waves	55
Size controllable single-crystalline Ni-rich cathodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries	55
Machine learning for estimation and control of quantum systems	54
Patterns and change rates of glacial lake water levels across High Mountain Asia	54
Hydrogen-bonded organic framework for regulating pathogenic autoantigen and oxidative stress in psoriasis treatment	54
Conservation priorities for global marine biodiversity across multiple dimensions	54
Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions	53
Superconducting ternary hydrides: progress and challenges	53
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide	53
Atmospheric inversions for carbon dioxide and methane at a national scale	53
China's top 10 breakthroughs in science and technology in 2024	53
Layer-by-layer assembled 2D nanocomposites for extreme polarization optics	53
3D-architected acceptor affords efficient, stable and stretchable photovoltaics	52
First finding of coesite in the eclogitic continental crust of the Sesia Zone, Italian Western Alps	52
Collective effects in an incompressible electronic liquid	52
Graphene supremacy: the duo duo	52
A robotic AI-Chemist system for multi-modal AI-ready database	51
Beyond natural targets: chemical synthesis reprograms the target specificity of rapamycin	51
Non-linear frequency doubling up-conversion of geothermal radiation cannot provide sufficient light to support oxygenic photosynthesis at deep-sea hydrothermal vents	51
Aromatic chloroosmacyclopentatrienes	51
Sulfide mineral-driven photon upconversion sustains phototrophic cyanobacteria at deep-sea hydrothermal vents: a reply to Mullineaux and Duffy's chemolithoautotrophic hypothesis	51
Bayesian brain computing and the free-energy principle: an interview with Karl Friston	51
Brain developmental and cortical connectivity changes in transgenic monkeys carrying the human-specific duplicated gene SRGAP2C	50
The origin and fate of subslab partial melts at convergent margins	50
Experimental evidence for superionic Fe–C alloy revealed by shear softening in Earth’s inner core	50
Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1−xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films	50
Directional migration of Mg2+ in hexagonal Se cathode to unlock high-energy-density Mg metal batteries	50
Frontiers in zeolites: towards establishing a new discipline of condensed matter chemistry—an interview with Ruren Xu	49
Construction of nanocarriers based on nucleic acids and their applications in nanobiology delivery systems	48
Natural products are the treasure pool for antimalarial agents	48
Activatable red/near-infrared aqueous organic phosphorescence probes for improved time-resolved bioimaging	48
High-stability spherical lanthanide nanoclusters for magnetic resonance imaging	48
Nickle-cobalt alloy nanocrystals inhibit activation of inflammasomes	47
On the topological surface states of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn-Bi-Te family	47
Synchronizing sucrose effluxers with influxers in phloem loading for yield output and adaptation to environment	47
A Janus heteroatom-doped carbon electrocatalyst for hydrazine oxidation	47
Multichamber magnetic capsule robot for selective liquid sampling and drug delivery	46
Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting	46
Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction	46
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics	46
Massive abiotic methane production in eclogite during cold subduction	45
Metal–hydrogel chelation interfaces for ultrasoft and bidirectional bioelectronics	44
Scalable and straightforward synthesis of electrocatalysts for green hydrogen economy via high-current-density alkaline water splitting	44
Exploiting deep sulfur conversion by tandem catalysis for all-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries	44
Heavy melts, light residues: new research identifies the potential importance of Si isotope fractionation in subducting slabs	43
Bioprinting of inorganic-biomaterial/neural-stem-cell constructs for multiple tissue regeneration and functional recovery	43
Homoharringtonine is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2: a potential first-line defense in future coronavirus epidemics	43
Structural and electronic signatures of strain-tunable marginally twisted bilayer graphene	43
Anthropogenic monoterpenes aggravating ozone pollution	42
Exciton-plasmon coupling in tBLG-Au nanodisks for ultrasensitive miRNA sensing	42
The smallest in the deepest: the enigmatic role of viruses in the deep biosphere	42
Mantle plume trail beneath the ca. 1.1 Ga North American Midcontinent Rift revealed by magnetotelluric data	42
Global joint climate action is indispensable, but the time is running out	42
Water-Induced Mantle Overturn Explains High Archean Paleointensities	42
Dramatic biases in terrestrial nitrogen fixation in Earth System Models revealed by natural isotope signatures	42
A bio-inspired microwave wireless system for constituting passive and maintenance-free IoT networks	42
Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models	41
Kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs)	41
Combining cisplatin and a STING agonist into one molecule for metalloimmunotherapy of cancer	41

Intercoupled electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis via a looped Li-N2/H2 battery	41
Conceptual transition from molecular to atomic: unleashing a new era in hydrogen therapy for chronic disease	40
High-entropy-alloy nanoparticles with 21 ultra-mixed elements for efficient photothermal conversion	40
Smart metasurfaces enable wireless detection of hazardous liquids	40
In-situ constructed Cu/CuNC interfaces for low-overpotential reduction of CO2 to ethanol	40
Accelerated water harvesting from vapor via a bio-inspired hydrogel pattern	40
Data quantity governance for machine learning in materials science	40
Search of high-frequency variations of fundamental constants using spin-based quantum sensors	39
Semiconductor fibers for textile integrated electronic systems	39
Clouds buffer Arctic warming	38
Altaids: accretionary tectonics writ large	38
Achieving 500-GHz communication over 1.2 km using an astronomical telescope with a quantum-limited superconducting receiver	38
How can neuromorphic hardware attain brain-like functional capabilities?	38
Making chiral molecular knots and links stereospecifically	38
Commentary on ‘Physics-informed deep learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations’ by Zhu et al.	38
Extremely low lattice thermal conductivity in light-element solid materials	38
Extreme dry-hot in North America and Europe: the amplified role of warming-enhanced land-air coupling	38
An era of hyper-resolution land surface models: truth or dare?	38
A K+-sensitive AND-gate dual-mode probe for simultaneous tumor imaging and malignancy identification	38
The C: N: P stoichiometry in bryophytes: relationships with habitat, climate and growth form	37
Fluorine-doped argyrodite sulfide electrolyte enables commercial LiCoO2 use for 4.6 V high-voltage all-solid-state batteries	37
Deep brain–machine interfaces: sensing and modulating the human deep brain	37
3D micropattern force regulates stem cell function	37
Stability breakthrough accelerates commercialization of perovskite indoor photovoltaics	37
Towards rational design in electrochemical denitrification by analyzing pH dependence	37
Reversible biomass aerogels with flame retardancy and smart elasticity	37
An innovative paradigm of composition optimization for nickel-based single-crystal superalloys	37
Maximizing catalytic efficiency with bio-inspired hierarchical porous zeolites	36
The decline in tropical land carbon sink drove high atmospheric CO2 growth rate in 2023	36
Robotic mobile and mirror milling of large-scale complex structures	36
Oscillating paramagnetic Meissner effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ	36
Microbes in mass extinction: an accomplice or a savior?	36
Built-in buoyancy enables efficient water energy harvesting	36
Unveiling photophysical mechanisms of NIR-II AIE luminogens for multimodal imaging-navigated synergistic therapies	36
Identification and semisynthesis of (−)-anisomelic acid as oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 in mice	36
A >200 Wh kg−1 anode-free Na pouch battery at −40°C enabled by manipulating electrolyte equilibrium	36
Adhesion-guided CEI enables stable 4.6 V LiCoO2 at 45°C	35
Photovoltage enhancement of M-series acceptor-based polymer solar cells and minimodules through the modulation of charge-transfer states	35
Radiocatalytic ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and water	35
Black-hole-inspired thermal trapping with graded heat-conduction metadevices	35
Harnessing spin effects for heterogeneous single-atom spin catalysis	35
Physics-informed deep-learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations	35
Challenges and opportunities for modeling coupled human and natural systems	34
Simultaneous enhancement of efficiency, stability and stretchability in binary polymer solar cells with a three-dimensional aromatic-core tethered tetrameric acceptor	34
China Land Carbon Budget (CLCB1.0): a comprehensive estimate of the land carbon budget in China	34
Modularized viromimetic polymer nanoparticle vaccines (VPNVaxs) to elicit durable and effective humoral immune responses	34
Spin effect on redox acceleration and regioselectivity in Fe-catalyzed alkyne hydrosilylation	34
Nanosecond-scale single-molecule reaction dynamics for scalable synthesis on a chip	34
The greenhouse gas budget for China's terrestrial ecosystems	34
H5N1 virus invades the mammary glands of dairy cattle through ‘mouth-to-teat’ transmission	34
Bridging oxidase catalysis and oxygen reduction electrocatalysis by model single-atom catalysts	34
South Pole–Aitken massive impact 4.25 billion years ago revealed by Chang'e-6 samples	33
Uncover rock-climbing fish's secret of balancing tight adhesion and fast sliding for bioinspired robots	33
Cuprate-like electronic structures in infinite-layer nickelates with substantial hole dopings	33
Single-shot simultaneous intensity, phase and polarization imaging with metasurface	33
The second polar body contributes to the fate asymmetry in the mouse embryo	33
Wet-spinning of carbon nanotube fibers: dispersion, processing and properties	32
Correction to: Dual hydration of oceanic lithospher	32
Bipolarized intrinsic faradaic layer on a semiconductor surface under illumination	32
Fate and carbon sequestration potential of sunken macroalgae in coastal oceans from long-term microbial degradation perspective	32
A photon-controlled diode with a new signal-processing behavior	32
The preface: Interplay of topological and magnetic orders in the Mn-Bi-Te family	32
High-speed flexible near-infrared organic photodiode for optical communication	32
Mechanically robust bamboo node and its hierarchically fibrous structural design	32
Space telescope set to open a new chapter in China's solar research	32
Dual-loop upcycling of spent LiFePO4: defect inheritance enables durable and fast-charging sodium-ion batteries	32
Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing	32
Pushing the boundaries: an interview with Dae-Hyun Kim on terahertz devices	31
Earth's core–mantle boundary shaped by the crystallization of a hydrous terrestrial magma ocean	31
It is time to optimize forest management policy for both carbon sinks and wood harvest in China	31
Lightweight, highly tough and durable YBa2Cu3O7–x superconductor	31
Recyclable biomacromolecular hydrogel electrolytes for Zn-based aqueous batteries	31
SARS-CoV-2 keeps evolving, so must our research efforts	31
Ultrathin and capacity-tunable lithium metal wires for lithium-based fiber batteries	31
The circadian clock orchestrates spermatogonial differentiation and fertilization by regulating retinoic acid signaling in vertebrates	31
Wearable electronics	30
Hypermethylation in H3K9me3 regions characterizes the centenarian methylomes in healthy aging	30
Crystalline nanofiber photosensitizers with twisted dual-acceptors: high light harvesting and singlet oxygen quantum yield	30
The Greater Bay Area: A new science powerhouse	30
A scalable, hyperstable intelligent fibre velocimeter for dynamic digitisation of resistance training	30
Origin of sulfate in post-snowball-Earth oceans: river inputs vs. shelf-derived H2S	30
Ion-selective membranes by UV-induced cleavage of polymer chains	30
Emerging quantum critical phase in a cluster spin-glass	30
Integrated multi-omics characterization across clinically relevant subgroups of long COVID	30
Reliable perovskite indoor photovoltaics for self-powered devices	30
Uncovering key salt-tolerant regulators through a combined eQTL and GWAS analysis using the super pan-genome in rice	29
Constrained future brightening of solar radiation and its implication for China's solar power	29
Intelligent gold nanocluster for effective treatment of malignant tumor via tumor-specific photothermal–chemodynamic therapy with AIE guidance	29
Electron-injection-engineering induced dual-phase MoO2.8F0.2/MoO2.4F0.6 heterostructure for magnesium storage	29
Emerging analytical methods to characterize zeolite-based materials	29
Ferroelectric hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites and their structural and functional diversity	29
Lifecycle of dynamic covalent polar-olefin macrocycles via entropy-driven ring-opening polymerization and closed-loop chemical recycling	29
Bright, photostable and long-circulating NIR-II nanoparticles for whole-process monitoring and evaluation of renal transplantation	29
High-temperature superconductivity up to 223 K in the Al stabilized metastable hexagonal lanthanum superhydride	29
Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China	29