Nature Energy

Article	Citations
Non-fullerene acceptors with branched side chains and improved molecular packing to exceed 18% efficiency in organic solar cells	1445
Current status and future directions of multivalent metal-ion batteries	907
Boron-doped nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride-based Z-scheme heterostructures for photocatalytic overall water splitting	855
Electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia via direct eight-electron transfer using a copper–molecular solid catalyst	838
Realizing high zinc reversibility in rechargeable batteries	725
Post-lithium-ion battery cell production and its compatibility with lithium-ion cell production infrastructure	707
Structural transformation of highly active metal–organic framework electrocatalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction	696
New roads and challenges for fuel cells in heavy-duty transportation	548
All-perovskite tandem solar cells with 24.2% certified efficiency and area over 1 cm2 using surface-anchoring zwitterionic antioxidant	536
The role of adsorbed hydroxide in hydrogen evolution reaction kinetics on modified platinum	456
Highly selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol by metallic clusters dynamically formed from atomically dispersed copper	443
Tailoring electrolyte solvation for Li metal batteries cycled at ultra-low temperature	434
Formulating energy density for designing practical lithium–sulfur batteries	427
Rational solvent molecule tuning for high-performance lithium metal battery electrolytes	411
Molecular engineering of dispersed nickel phthalocyanines on carbon nanotubes for selective CO2 reduction	397
Intact 2D/3D halide junction perovskite solar cells via solid-phase in-plane growth	394
Ultra-high-voltage Ni-rich layered cathodes in practical Li metal batteries enabled by a sulfonamide-based electrolyte	373
Two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper layered perovskite solar cells based on phase-pure thin films	370
Processing thin but robust electrolytes for solid-state batteries	367
Hydrothermal deposition of antimony selenosulfide thin films enables solar cells with 10% efficiency	357
Nickel ferrocyanide as a high-performance urea oxidation electrocatalyst	353
Challenges in speeding up solid-state battery development	346
Diagnosing and correcting anode-free cell failure via electrolyte and morphological analysis	332
Atomically dispersed iron sites with a nitrogen–carbon coating as highly active and durable oxygen reduction catalysts for fuel cells	328
Balancing interfacial reactions to achieve long cycle life in high-energy lithium metal batteries	323

Rejuvenating dead lithium supply in lithium metal anodes by iodine redox	319
Heuristic solution for achieving long-term cycle stability for Ni-rich layered cathodes at full depth of discharge	310
High areal capacity, long cycle life 4 V ceramic all-solid-state Li-ion batteries enabled by chloride solid electrolytes	307
Pt/Fe2O3 with Pt–Fe pair sites as a catalyst for oxygen reduction with ultralow Pt loading	306
First-cycle voltage hysteresis in Li-rich 3d cathodes associated with molecular O2 trapped in the bulk	306
Reactive boride infusion stabilizes Ni-rich cathodes for lithium-ion batteries	306
Bridging the gap between highly active oxygen reduction reaction catalysts and effective catalyst layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells	295
A holistic approach to interface stabilization for efficient perovskite solar modules with over 2,000-hour operational stability	294
Gas diffusion electrodes, reactor designs and key metrics of low-temperature CO2 electrolysers	294
Understanding Co roles towards developing Co-free Ni-rich cathodes for rechargeable batteries	286
Thermally modulated lithium iron phosphate batteries for mass-market electric vehicles	275
Moving beyond 99.9% Coulombic efficiency for lithium anodes in liquid electrolytes	272
Life-cycle assessment of an industrial direct air capture process based on temperature–vacuum swing adsorption	270
The design space for long-duration energy storage in decarbonized power systems	266
A unified description of non-radiative voltage losses in organic solar cells	264
A guest-assisted molecular-organization approach for >17% efficiency organic solar cells using environmentally friendly solvents	261
High-performing commercial Fe–N–C cathode electrocatalyst for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells	260
Design rules for high-efficiency both-sides-contacted silicon solar cells with balanced charge carrier transport and recombination losses	258
Pressure-tailored lithium deposition and dissolution in lithium metal batteries	245
Greenhouse-inspired supra-photothermal CO2 catalysis	244
Defect compensation in formamidinium–caesium perovskites for highly efficient solar mini-modules with improved photostability	242
Assessment methods and performance metrics for redox flow batteries	240
Designing anion exchange membranes for CO2 electrolysers	238
Free-standing ultrathin lithium metal–graphene oxide host foils with controllable thickness for lithium batteries	229
High-power Mg batteries enabled by heterogeneous enolization redox chemistry and weakly coordinating electrolytes	228
Impact of declining renewable energy costs on electrification in low-emission scenarios	224
The role of exciton lifetime for charge generation in organic solar cells at negligible energy-level offsets	223
Tailored catalyst microenvironments for CO2 electroreduction to multicarbon products on copper using bilayer ionomer coatings	221
Research and development priorities for silicon photovoltaic module recycling to support a circular economy	207
Flexible all-perovskite tandem solar cells approaching 25% efficiency with molecule-bridged hole-selective contact	206
Impacts of climate change on energy systems in global and regional scenarios	204
Simplified interconnection structure based on C60/SnO2-x for all-perovskite tandem solar cells	201
A high-energy-density and long-life initial-anode-free lithium battery enabled by a Li2O sacrificial agent	201
Generation of long-lived charges in organic semiconductor heterojunction nanoparticles for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution	200
Expert elicitation survey predicts 37% to 49% declines in wind energy costs by 2050	196
Operando cathode activation with alkali metal cations for high current density operation of water-fed zero-gap carbon dioxide electrolysers	194
Evolution of defects during the degradation of metal halide perovskite solar cells under reverse bias and illumination	191
Ultralight and fire-extinguishing current collectors for high-energy and high-safety lithium-ion batteries	191
Interplay between temperature and bandgap energies on the outdoor performance of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells	190
The role of O2 in O-redox cathodes for Li-ion batteries	190
National growth dynamics of wind and solar power compared to the growth required for global climate targets	189
Progress and prospects for ultrathin solar cells	188
An alcohol-dispersed conducting polymer complex for fully printable organic solar cells with improved stability	187
Lithiated metallic molybdenum disulfide nanosheets for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries	186
Regulating electrodeposition morphology in high-capacity aluminium and zinc battery anodes using interfacial metal–substrate bonding	186
Low-solvation electrolytes for high-voltage sodium-ion batteries	184
Size effects and active state formation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles during the oxygen evolution reaction	181
Low-bandgap mixed tin–lead iodide perovskites with reduced methylammonium for simultaneous enhancement of solar cell efficiency and stability	181
Additive engineering for robust interphases to stabilize high-Ni layered structures at ultra-high voltage of 4.8 V	178
Interfacial engineering to achieve an energy density of over 200 Wh kg−1 in sodium batteries	177

Stabilization of formamidinium lead triiodide α-phase with isopropylammonium chloride for perovskite solar cells	177
Efficient bifacial monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells via bandgap engineering	177
Ampere-hour-scale zinc–air pouch cells	176
Double-atom catalysts as a molecular platform for heterogeneous oxygen evolution electrocatalysis	175
Suppressed recombination loss in organic photovoltaics adopting a planar–mixed heterojunction architecture	169
Organic solar cells using oligomer acceptors for improved stability and efficiency	168
The critical role of composition-dependent intragrain planar defects in the performance of MA1–xFAxPbI3 perovskite solar cells	167
Fuel cells with an operational range of –20 °C to 200 °C enabled by phosphoric acid-doped intrinsically ultramicroporous membranes	166
Monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with 23.6% efficiency enabled by reduced voltage losses and optimized interconnecting layer	165
Molecularly engineered photocatalyst sheet for scalable solar formate production from carbon dioxide and water	165
Operando decoding of chemical and thermal events in commercial Na(Li)-ion cells via optical sensors	165
An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles	160
Calendar aging of silicon-containing batteries	160
Continuous transition from double-layer to Faradaic charge storage in confined electrolytes	159
Homogeneous and mechanically stable solid–electrolyte interphase enabled by trioxane-modulated electrolytes for lithium metal batteries	156
Strategies to improve light utilization in solar fuel synthesis	155
It’s time to focus on organic solar cell stability	151
Probabilistic feasibility space of scaling up green hydrogen supply	151
Five thermal energy grand challenges for decarbonization	149
Aqueous electrolyte design for super-stable 2.5 V LiMn2O4 || Li4Ti5O12 pouch cells	147
Carrier control in Sn–Pb perovskites via 2D cation engineering for all-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved efficiency and stability	146
Corrosion of lithium metal anodes during calendar ageing and its microscopic origins	146
Silicon heterojunction solar cells with up to 26.81% efficiency achieved by electrically optimized nanocrystalline-silicon hole contact layers	146
Electrochemical upgrade of CO2 from amine capture solution	144
H2O2 generation from O2 and H2O on a near-infrared absorbing porphyrin supramolecular photocatalyst	141
Introducing high-valence elements into cobalt-free layered cathodes for practical lithium-ion batteries	140
A bilayer conducting polymer structure for planar perovskite solar cells with over 1,400 hours operational stability at elevated temperatures	140
Practical assessment of the performance of aluminium battery technologies	140
A systematic review of the costs and impacts of integrating variable renewables into power grids	137
Elemental de-mixing-induced epitaxial kesterite/CdS interface enabling 13%-efficiency kesterite solar cells	134
Trapping lead in perovskite solar modules with abundant and low-cost cation-exchange resins	134
Silicon anodes	134
The role of high-socioeconomic-status people in locking in or rapidly reducing energy-driven greenhouse gas emissions	133
Subnano-sized silicon anode via crystal growth inhibition mechanism and its application in a prototype battery pack	130
Electrochemical synthesis of continuous metal–organic framework membranes for separation of hydrocarbons	130
Efficient electrosynthesis of n-propanol from carbon monoxide using a Ag–Ru–Cu catalyst	129
Offshore wind competitiveness in mature markets without subsidy	127
A universal close-space annealing strategy towards high-quality perovskite absorbers enabling efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells	124
Monitoring oxygen production on mass-selected iridium–tantalum oxide electrocatalysts	124
Sociodemographic disparities in energy insecurity among low-income households before and during the COVID-19 pandemic	123
Improving Pd–N–C fuel cell electrocatalysts through fluorination-driven rearrangements of local coordination environment	122
The impact of surface composition on the interfacial energetics and photoelectrochemical properties of BiVO4	120
Persistent and partially mobile oxygen vacancies in Li-rich layered oxides	117
Burden of the global energy price crisis on households	117
Degradation mechanisms of perovskite solar cells under vacuum and one atmosphere of nitrogen	116
Modulating crystal growth of formamidinium–caesium perovskites for over 200 cm2 photovoltaic sub-modules	116
From laboratory innovations to materials manufacturing for lithium-based batteries	116
Ta–TiOx nanoparticles as radical scavengers to improve the durability of Fe–N–C oxygen reduction catalysts	115
Advances and challenges in understanding the microscopic structure–property–performance relationship in perovskite solar cells	115
Rate capability and Ragone plots for phase change thermal energy storage	115
Li-ion battery electrolytes	113
Polysulfide-based redox flow batteries with long life and low levelized cost enabled by charge-reinforced ion-selective membranes	112
2D/3D heterojunction engineering at the buried interface towards high-performance inverted methylammonium-free perovskite solar cells	111
Differences in carbon emissions reduction between countries pursuing renewable electricity versus nuclear power	110
Selective CO2 electrocatalysis at the pseudocapacitive nanoparticle/ordered-ligand interlayer	110
Reframing incentives for climate policy action	110
A cascade electrocaloric cooling device for large temperature lift	109
Surface in situ reconstruction of inorganic perovskite films enabling long carrier lifetimes and solar cells with 21% efficiency	108
Reversible hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formic acid using a Mn-pincer complex in the presence of lysine	107
Bifunctional ionomers for efficient co-electrolysis of CO2 and pure water towards ethylene production at industrial-scale current densities	106
Breaking the hard-to-abate bottleneck in China’s path to carbon neutrality with clean hydrogen	105
Urgent need for post-growth climate mitigation scenarios	105
Control of the phase evolution of kesterite by tuning of the selenium partial pressure for solar cells with 13.8% certified efficiency	104
Understanding environmental trade-offs and resource demand of direct air capture technologies through comparative life-cycle assessment	100
Investigation and mitigation of degradation mechanisms in Cu2O photoelectrodes for CO2 reduction to ethylene	99
Hydrogen production via microwave-induced water splitting at low temperature	96
Electrode potential influences the reversibility of lithium-metal anodes	95
Inorganic wide-bandgap perovskite subcells with dipole bridge for all-perovskite tandems	93
A silicon carbide-based highly transparent passivating contact for crystalline silicon solar cells approaching efficiencies of 24%	92
LiMn2O4 spinel and substituted cathodes	91
The expansion of natural gas infrastructure puts energy transitions at risk	90
Author Correction: Implications of intercontinental renewable electricity trade for energy systems and emissions	90
Polymer inhibitors enable >900 cm2 dynamic windows based on reversible metal electrodeposition with high solar modulation	89
Ti1–graphene single-atom material for improved energy level alignment in perovskite solar cells	87
Opportunities for moderate-range electric vehicles using sustainable sodium-ion batteries	87
Symmetry-breaking design of an organic iron complex catholyte for a long cyclability aqueous organic redox flow battery	86
Heteropoly acid negolytes for high-power-density aqueous redox flow batteries at low temperatures	86
Integration of two-dimensional materials-based perovskite solar panels into a stand-alone solar farm	82
Layered lithium cobalt oxide cathodes	82
A combined ionic Lewis acid descriptor and machine-learning approach to prediction of efficient oxygen reduction electrodes for ceramic fuel cells	81

Continuous CO2 electrolysis using a CO2 exsolution-induced flow cell	81
Transportation emissions scenarios for New York City under different carbon intensities of electricity and electric vehicle adoption rates	81
Stalling oxygen evolution in high-voltage cathodes by lanthurization	81
Co-deposition of hole-selective contact and absorber for improving the processability of perovskite solar cells	80
Semi-solid alkali metal electrodes enabling high critical current densities in solid electrolyte batteries	80
Bifunctional hole-shuttle molecule for improved interfacial energy level alignment and defect passivation in perovskite solar cells	79
High-speed sequential deposition of photoactive layers for organic solar cell manufacturing	78
Ambient-pressure and low-temperature upgrading of lignin bio-oil to hydrocarbons using a hydrogen buffer catalytic system	78
The impact of policies and business models on income equity in rooftop solar adoption	78
Elastocaloric heat pump with specific cooling power of 20.9 W g–1 exploiting snap-through instability and strain-induced crystallization	77
Growing single-crystalline seeds on lithiophobic substrates to enable fast-charging lithium-metal batteries	77
Protonated phosphonic acid electrodes for high power heavy-duty vehicle fuel cells	76
Charging infrastructure access and operation to reduce the grid impacts of deep electric vehicle adoption	76
Li4Ti5O12 spinel anodes	76
A multi-country meta-analysis on the role of behavioural change in reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions in residential buildings	75
In situ growth of graphene on both sides of a Cu–Ni alloy electrode for perovskite solar cells with improved stability	75
Scalable two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar modules with a 19.1% efficiency	75
Magnetic-field-oriented mixed-valence-stabilized ferrocenium anion-exchange membranes for fuel cells	75
Layered Li–Ni–Mn–Co oxide cathodes	75
Non-topotactic reactions enable high rate capability in Li-rich cathode materials	74
Fire-extinguishing, recyclable liquefied gas electrolytes for temperature-resilient lithium-metal batteries	73
Internal quantum efficiency higher than 100% achieved by combining doping and quantum effects for photocatalytic overall water splitting	72
High power and energy density dynamic phase change materials using pressure-enhanced close contact melting	71
Ethanol-based green-solution processing of α-formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite layers	71
Reduction of bulk and surface defects in inverted methylammonium- and bromide-free formamidinium perovskite solar cells	71
A systemic approach to mapping participation with low-carbon energy transitions	70
Heavy-duty truck electrification and the impacts of depot charging on electricity distribution systems	70
Toxic potency-adjusted control of air pollution for solid fuel combustion	70
Unveiling microscopic carrier loss mechanisms in 12% efficient Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cells	70
Designing an asymmetric ether-like lithium salt to enable fast-cycling high-energy lithium metal batteries	69
High-entropy electrolytes for practical lithium metal batteries	68
Hard-carbon-stabilized Li–Si anodes for high-performance all-solid-state Li-ion batteries	66
Extending energy system modelling to include extreme weather risks and application to hurricane events in Puerto Rico	66
Heating up the global heat pump market	66
Techno-economic analysis of renewable fuels for ships carrying bulk cargo in Europe	65
A global assessment of extreme wind speeds for wind energy applications	65
Origin and regulation of oxygen redox instability in high-voltage battery cathodes	65
Redox-neutral electrochemical conversion of CO2 to dimethyl carbonate	65
A donor–acceptor-type hole-selective contact reducing non-radiative recombination losses in both subcells towards efficient all-perovskite tandems	65
Direct seawater electrolysis by adjusting the local reaction environment of a catalyst	64
Role of the social factors in success of solar photovoltaic reuse and recycle programmes	64
Hydrogel protection strategy to stabilize water-splitting photoelectrodes	63
Energy demand reduction options for meeting national zero-emission targets in the United Kingdom	63
A machine-learning approach to predicting Africa’s electricity mix based on planned power plants and their chances of success	63
Inequitable access to distributed energy resources due to grid infrastructure limits in California	63
Stabilization of 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures via inhibition of ion diffusion by cross-linked polymers for solar cells with improved performance	62
The cost of debt of renewable and non-renewable energy firms	62
Understanding discontinuance among California’s electric vehicle owners	62
Assessing the feasibility of carbon dioxide mitigation options in terms of energy usage	62
Efficient monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar modules with small cell-to-module derate	61
Energy- and carbon-efficient CO2/CO electrolysis to multicarbon products via asymmetric ion migration–adsorption	61
Light-induced activation of boron doping in hydrogenated amorphous silicon for over 25% efficiency silicon solar cells	58
The interaction of descriptive and injunctive social norms in promoting energy conservation	58
Collective wind farm operation based on a predictive model increases utility-scale energy production	58
Energy consumption of current and future production of lithium-ion and post lithium-ion battery cells	57
Identification of embedded nanotwins at c-Si/a-Si:H interface limiting the performance of high-efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	57
Linking solar and wind power in eastern Africa with operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam	57
Engineering relaxors by entropy for high energy storage performance	57
Formation of hierarchically ordered structures in conductive polymers to enhance the performances of lithium-ion batteries	56
Critical interphase overpotential as a lithium dendrite-suppression criterion for all-solid-state lithium battery design	56
Integration of prosumer peer-to-peer trading decisions into energy community modelling	56
A salt-philic, solvent-phobic interfacial coating design for lithium metal electrodes	56
Machine learning model to project the impact of COVID-19 on US motor gasoline demand	56
Climate mitigation scenarios with persistent COVID-19-related energy demand changes	53
Highly transparent silanized cellulose aerogels for boosting energy efficiency of glazing in buildings	52
Economic, environmental and grid-resilience benefits of converting diesel trains to battery-electric	51
Quantification of reversible and irreversible lithium in practical lithium-metal batteries	51
A blockchain consensus mechanism that uses Proof of Solution to optimize energy dispatch and trading	50
Grooved electrodes for high-power-density fuel cells	49
Fast-charging capability of graphite-based lithium-ion batteries enabled by Li3P-based crystalline solid–electrolyte interphase	49
Long-life lithium-ion batteries realized by low-Ni, Co-free cathode chemistry	48
Unlocking cell chemistry evolution with operando fibre optic infrared spectroscopy in commercial Na(Li)-ion batteries	47
Roll-to-roll prelithiation of lithium-ion battery anodes by transfer printing	46
Perovskite phase heterojunction solar cells	46
Marking the decarbonization revolutions	46
A global analysis of the progress and failure of electric utilities to adapt their portfolios of power-generation assets to the energy transition	46
Integration of theory and experiment in the modelling of heterogeneous electrocatalysis	46
Fabrication of perovskite solar cells in ambient air by blocking perovskite hydration with guanabenz acetate salt	46