Biology of Sex Differences

Article	Citations
Sex-based differences in cardiovascular proteomic profiles and their associations with adverse outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure	124
Sexual dimorphism in colorectal cancer: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies	61
Sex differences in cognition, anxiety-phenotype and therapeutic effect of metformin in the aged apoE-TR mice	61
MicroRNA-21 modulates brown adipose tissue adipogenesis and thermogenesis in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome	53
Estrogen receptors in pain modulation: cellular signaling	53
Hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis: a functional meta-analysis of sex-based differences in transcriptomic studies	52
Sex-specific differences in intestinal microbiota associated with cardiovascular diseases	44
Sex differences in cardiac remodeling post myocardial infarction with acute cigarette smoking	41
Serum metabolomics profiling by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals sexual dimorphism and masculinization of intermediate metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)	37
Steady-state estradiol triggers a unique innate immune response to allergen resulting in increased airway resistance	35
Sex differences in the social motivation of rats: Insights from social operant conditioning, behavioural economics, and video tracking	34
Fetal sex impacts birth to placental weight ratio and umbilical cord oxygen values with implications for regulatory mechanisms	33
Sex-specific cardiac remodeling in aged rats after adolescent chronic stress: associations with endocrine and metabolic factors	33
Aromatase, testosterone, TMPRSS2: determinants of COVID-19 severity	33
XX sex chromosome complement modulates immune responses to heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae immunization in a microbiome-dependent manner	29
Sex hormones influence survival of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma undergoing immune checkpoint therapy	29
In search of sex-related mediators of affective illness	29
Loss of microRNA-30a and sex-specific effects on the neonatal hyperoxic lung injury	27
Aerobic exercise improves executive functions in females, but not males, without the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism	27
Integrated analysis of robust sex-biased gene signatures in human brain	27
Neurogenesis in the neonatal rat hippocampus is regulated by sexually dimorphic epigenetic modifiers	25
Sex-dependent expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in aortic stenosis	25
TrkB-mediated neuroprotection in female hippocampal neurons is autonomous, estrogen receptor alpha-dependent, and eliminated by testosterone: a proposed model for sex differences in neonatal hippocamp	24
Sex-specific role of high-fat diet and stress on behavior, energy metabolism, and the ventromedial hypothalamus	23
Considerations and challenges for sex-aware drug repurposing	22

Sex- and age-related differences in renal and cardiac injury and senescence in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats	22
Maternal adverse childhood experiences impact fetal adrenal volume in a sex-specific manner	20
Exercise training worsens cardiac performance in males but does not change ejection fraction and improves hypertrophy in females in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome	19
Exclusion of women from COVID-19 studies harms women's health and slows our response to pandemics	18
TrkB-mediated sustained neuroprotection is sex-specific and $$\text{ER}\alpha$$-dependent in adult mice following neonatal hypoxia ischemia	18
Prognostic value of immune-related genes and comparative analysis of immune cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma: sex differences	17
Sex-specific association of hair cortisol concentration with stress-related psychological factors in healthy young adults	16
The impact of sex on gene expression in the brain of schizophrenic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies	16
Menopause causes metabolic and cognitive impairments in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia	16
The role of microRNAs in understanding sex-based differences in Alzheimer’s disease	15
Sex differences and sex-specific regulation of motivated behavior by Melanin-concentrating hormone: a short review	15
Genetic hypogonadal mouse model reveals niche-specific influence of reproductive axis and sex on intestinal microbial communities	15
Zebrafish gonad mutant models reveal neuroendocrine mechanisms of brain sexual dimorphism and male mating behaviors of different brain regions	15
High pulse pressure is associated with an increased risk of diabetes in females but not in males: a retrospective cohort study	14
Sex-divergent effects on the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin signaling across the olfactory–entorhinal–amygdaloid axis in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases	14
Sex-dependent effects of prenatal food and protein restriction on offspring physiology in rats and mice: systematic review and meta-analyses	13
A cross-cohort analysis of autosomal DNA methylation sex differences in the term placenta	13
A retrospective study on sex difference in patients with urolithiasis: who is more vulnerable to chronic kidney disease?	13
Sex differences in the association between cardiovascular diseases and dementia subtypes: a prospective analysis of 464,616 UK Biobank participants	13
Sex-specific differences in zebrafish brains	13
Sex-related differences in left ventricular remodeling and outcome after alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: insights from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging	13
Ischemic preconditioning protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury in chronic kidney disease in both males and females	13
Mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in white adipose tissue in a rat model of PCOS: effect of SGLT2 inhibition	13
The maternal reduced uteroplacental perfusion model of preeclampsia induces sexually dimorphic metabolic responses in rat offspring	13
Integrated chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation analysis to reveal the critical epigenetic modification and regulatory mechanism in gonadal differentiation of the sequentially hermaphroditic fi	12
Correction to: Consideration of sex and gender differences in addiction medication response	12
Sex differences in binge alcohol drinking and the behavioral consequences of protracted abstinence in C57BL/6J mice	12
Sex-biased and parental allele-specific gene regulation by KDM6A	12
The impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia on enzymatic activity in memory-associated brain regions of male and female rats	12
Sexual dimorphism in the effects of maternal adipose tissue growth hormone receptor deficiency on offspring metabolic health	12
Higher testosterone is associated with open-angle glaucoma in women: a genetic predisposition?	12
Nrf2 activation rescues stress-induced depression-like behaviour and inflammatory responses in male but not female rats	12
Sex-specific molecular signature of mouse podocytes in homeostasis and in response to pharmacological challenge with rapamycin	12
Sex-based disparities in DNA methylation and gene expression in late-gestation mouse placentas	12
Breast may not always be best: moderation of effects of postnatal depression by breastfeeding and infant sex	11
Sex disparities revealed by single-cell and bulk sequencing and their impacts on the efficacy of immunotherapy in esophageal cancer	11
Integration of long-read sequencing, DNA methylation and gene expression reveals heterogeneity in Y chromosome segment lengths in phenotypic males with 46,XX testicular disorder/difference of sex deve	11
Nk3R blockade has sex-divergent effects on memory in mice	11
Remembering the null hypothesis when searching for brain sex differences	10
Advances in sex disparities for cancer immunotherapy: unveiling the dilemma of Yin and Yang	10
Obesogenic and diabetic effects of CD44 in mice are sexually dimorphic and dependent on genetic background	10
Integrative multi-omics characterization reveals sex differences in glioblastoma	10
Estrogen administration enhances the adverse effects of cigarette smoking on the heart in cycling female mice	10
Sex hormones and the risk of myocardial infarction in women and men: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank	9
RAGE displays sex-specific differences in obesity-induced adipose tissue insulin resistance	9
Sex differences in the percentage of IRF5 positive B cells are associated with higher production of TNF-α in women in response to TLR9 in humans	9
Sex and gender correlates of sexually polymorphic cognition	9
Testosterone deficiency promotes arterial stiffening independent of sex chromosome complement	9
Increased basal insulin sensitivity in late pregnancy in women carrying a male fetus: a cohort study	9
Sex modifies the association between urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and diabetes among adults in the United States (NHANES 2011–2018)	9

Fetal sex differences in placental LCPUFA ether and plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine contents in pregnancies complicated by obesity	9
Sexual differences in neuronal and synaptic properties across subregions of the mouse insular cortex	8
Cocaine-induced sensitization and glutamate plasticity in the nucleus accumbens core: effects of sex	8
Sex, age, and ethnic dependency of lipoprotein variants as the risk factors of ischemic heart disease: a detailed study on the different age-classes and genders in Tehran Cardiometabolic Genetic Study	8
Whole-genome de novo sequencing reveals genomic variants associated with differences of sex development in SRY negative pigs	8
Sex-specific phenotypical, functional and metabolic profiles of human term placenta macrophages	8
Sex-specific associations of matrix metalloproteinases in Alzheimer’s disease	8
Regulatory mechanism of LncRNAs in gonadal differentiation of hermaphroditic fish, Monopterus albus	8
Spatial transcriptomics reveal basal sex differences in supraoptic nucleus gene expression of adult rats related to cell signaling and ribosomal pathways	8
Appetite ratings and ghrelin concentrations in young adults after administration of a balanced meal. Does sex matter?	8
Systematic characterization of a non-transgenic Aβ1–42 amyloidosis model: synaptic plasticity and memory deficits in female and male mice	8
Sex differences in metabolic phenotype and hypothalamic inflammation in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease	7
Sex differences in the association between diabetes and hypertension and the risk of stroke: cohort of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study	7
Neurobehavioral sex-related differences in Nf1+/− mice: female show a “camouflaging”-type behavior	7
Sex-specific modulation of early life vocalization and cognition by Fmr1 gene dosage in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome	7
Coronary artery calcification and aortic valve calcification in patients with kidney failure: a sex-disaggregated study	7
Sex-dependent effects of chronic jet lag on circadian rhythm and metabolism in mice	7
Correction: MetaFun: unveiling sex-based differences in multiple transcriptomic studies through comprehensive functional meta-analysis	7
Chronic periadolescent leuprolide exposure affects the development of reproductive physiology and behavior of female and male rats differently, but both mature after treatment termination	7
Sex differences in noise-induced hearing loss: a cross-sectional study in China	7
Dyskerin and telomerase RNA component are sex-differentially associated with outcomes and Sunitinib response in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma	6
Sex differences in the rapid detection of neutral faces associated with emotional value	6
Reconsidering tools for measuring gender dimensions in biomedical research	6
Sex differences in renal cell carcinoma: a single-cell analysis reveals exhausted CD8+ T-cells highly infiltrated in males	6
Correction: Sexual dimorphism of leptin and adiposity in children between 0 and 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis	6
The roles of sex and gender in women’s eye health disparities in the United States	6
Sex-dependent effect of sublethal copper concentrations on de novo cholesterol synthesis in astrocytes and their possible links to variations in cholesterol and amyloid precursor protein levels in neu	6
Sex differences in sucrose reinforcement in Long-Evans rats	6
Sex differences in the medial prefrontal cortical glutamate system	6
Sexual dimorphism of leptin and adiposity in children between 0 and 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis	6
Monkeys do not show sex differences in toy preferences through their individual choices	6
Sex-differences in proteasome-dependent K48-polyubiquitin signaling in the amygdala are developmentally regulated in rats	6
The diagnostic potential of oxidative stress biomarkers for preeclampsia: systematic review and meta-analysis	6
CGRP as a potential mediator for the sexually dimorphic responses to traumatic brain injury	6
Sex and gender considerations in reporting guidelines for health research: a systematic review	5
Thyroid hormone: sex-dependent role in nervous system regulation and disease	5
Chronic ethanol vapor exposure potentiates cardiovascular responses to acute stress in male but not in female rats	5
Sex differences in fetal Doppler parameters during gestation	5
Myocytic androgen receptor overexpression does not affect sex differences in adaptation to chronic endurance exercise	5
Spatiotemporal AMPKα2 deletion in mice induces cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis and cardiolipin remodeling associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in males only	5
Fatty Liver Index (FLI) is the best score to predict MASLD with 50% lower cut-off value in women than in men	5
Comparing the antidepressant-like effects of electroconvulsive seizures in adolescent and adult female rats: an intensity dose–response study	5
Sex and statin-related genetic associations at the PCSK9 gene locus: results of genome-wide association meta-analysis	5
Sexual dimorphism of monocyte transcriptome in individuals with chronic low-grade inflammation	5
Female-bias in systemic lupus erythematosus: How much is the X chromosome to blame?	5
Menarche, pubertal timing and the brain: female-specific patterns of brain maturation beyond age-related development	5
Sex differences in learning and performing the Go/NoGo tasks	5
The influence of sex on neuroimmune communication, pain, and physiology	5
Sex specific analysis of patients with and without reported statin intolerance referred to a specialized outpatient lipid clinic	5
Attenuated sex-related DNA methylation differences in cancer highlight the magnitude bias mediating existing disparities	5
Sex differences in prelimbic cortex calcium dynamics during stress and fear learning	5
Histological observations and transcriptome analyses reveal the dynamic changes in the gonads of the blotched snakehead (Channa maculata) during sex differentiation and gametogenesis	5
Sex differences in contextual pattern separation, neurogenesis, and functional connectivity within the limbic system	5
Are we moving the dial? Canadian health research funding trends for women’s health, 2S/LGBTQ + health, sex, or gender considerations	5
Sex differences in the transcriptome of extracellular vesicles secreted by fetal neural stem cells and effects of chronic alcohol exposure	5
Shedding light on biological sex differences and microbiota–gut–brain axis: a comprehensive review of its roles in neuropsychiatric disorders	4
Sex differences in symptoms following the administration of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in children below 5 years of age in Germany (CoVacU5): a retrospective cohort study	4
Sex differences in the human brain: a roadmap for more careful analysis and interpretation of a biological reality	4
Sex differences of post-Covid patients undergoing outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation	4
Sex differences in the effects of repeated ketamine infusions on bone markers in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression	4
Early adversity causes sex-specific deficits in perforant pathway connectivity and contextual memory in adolescent mice	4
Sex and age interaction in fundamental circulatory volumetric variables at peak working capacity	4
Sex differences in clinical cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies: a Chinese multicenter study	4
Impact of sex in the prevalence and progression of glioblastomas: the role of gonadal steroid hormones	4
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor agonistic autoantibody blockade improves postpartum hypertension and cardiac mitochondrial function in rat model of preeclampsia	4
Sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in Chinese patients with subthreshold depression	4
The Four Core Genotypes mouse model: evaluating the impact of a recently discovered translocation	4
Univariate and multivariate sex differences and similarities in gray matter volume within essential language-processing areas	4
Lower variability in female students than male students at multiple timescales supports the use of sex as a biological variable in human studies	4
The effect of reproductive hormones on women’s daily smoking across the menstrual cycle	4
Why the estrous cycle matters for neuroscience	4
Plasma TIMP-1 as a sex-specific biomarker for acute lung injury	4
Genetic regulation and variation of expression of miRNA and mRNA transcripts in fetal muscle tissue in the context of sex, dam and variable fetal weight	4
Investigation of autism-related transcription factors underlying sex differences in the effects of bisphenol A on transcriptome profiles and synaptogenesis in the offspring hippocampus	4
Embracing sex-specific differences in engineered kidney models for enhanced biological understanding of kidney function	4
Investigating the sex-dependent effects of prefrontal cortex stimulation on response execution and inhibition	4
Sex-specific differences in the mechanisms for enhanced thromboxane A2-mediated vasoconstriction in adult offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia	4
Testosterone and depressive symptoms during the late menopause transition	4
Female mice exhibit less overall variance, with a higher proportion of structured variance, than males at multiple timescales of continuous body temperature and locomotive activity records	4
Treatment of male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats with TNF-α inhibitor etanercept increases markers of renal injury independent of an effect on blood pressure	3

Dihydrotestosterone induces arterial stiffening in female mice	3
Sex and gender specific health topics in medical student learners: pulse check eight years later	3
Tendinopathy: sex bias starts from the preclinical development of tendon treatments. A systematic review	3
Sex-dependent variation in cartilage adaptation: from degeneration to regeneration	3
Activation of G protein-coupled estradiol receptor 1 in the dorsolateral striatum enhances motivation for cocaine and drug-induced reinstatement in female but not male rats	3
Sex-dependent circadian alterations of both central and peripheral clock genes expression and gut–microbiota composition during activity-based anorexia in mice	3
Treating sex and gender differences as a continuous variable can improve precision cancer treatments	3
Sex bias in celiac disease: XWAS and monocyte eQTLs in women identify TMEM187 as a functional candidate gene	3
Increased proliferation and neuronal fate in prairie vole brain progenitor cells cultured in vitro: effects by social exposure and sexual dimorphism	3
Sexually dimorphic patterns in maternal circulating microRNAs in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction	3
Sex-based differences in remote monitoring of biometric, psychometric and biomarker indices in stable ischemic heart disease	3
Menstrual hormone-induced cyclic thumb CMC instability and degeneration in women: a systematic review	3
Sex influences the effects of social status on socioemotional behavior and serotonin neurochemistry in rhesus monkeys	3
Sex differences in pre- and post-synaptic glutamate signaling in the nucleus accumbens core	3
Modeling brain sex in the limbic system as phenotype for female-prevalent mental disorders	3
Gender differences in cardiometabolic health and disease in a cross-sectional observational obesity study	3
Sex and gender differences in adverse events following influenza and COVID-19 vaccination	3
Sex differences in recovery of motor function in a rhesus monkey model of cortical injury	3
Sex differences in the effects of high fat diet on underlying neuropathology in a mouse model of VCID	3