Building Simulation

Article	Citations
Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments	86
Predicting building ventilation performance in the era of an indoor air crisis	82
Developing modified k–ε turbulence models for neutral atmospheric boundary layer flow simulation using OpenFOAM	81
Impact of thermal stratification on airborne transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 in various indoor environments	62
Potential of contemporary earth-sheltered buildings to achieve Plus Energy status in various European climates during the heating season	55
Exposure-based smart ventilation and occupancy control for optimizing ventilation energy consumption and long-range airborne transmission of COVID-19 in school environments	55
Integrated parametric design of ventilation corridors and urban form for enhanced urban ventilation performance	49
Neural ordinary differential equations-based approach for enhanced building energy modeling on small datasets	46
Bayesian optimization + XGBoost based life cycle carbon emission prediction for residential buildings—An example from Chengdu, China	44
A reinforcement learning approach for thermostat setpoint preference learning	44
Occupant-oriented indoor environment: An approach to create high performance indoor environment for all scenarios	43
A comprehensive framework for building flexibility assessment: RC-Mapping modeling, flexibility quantification, and uncertainty analysis	42
Dust control performance of innovative arc device for metro system construction based on orthogonal experiment	41
A performance prediction method for on-site chillers based on dynamic graph convolutional network enhanced by association rules	41
Mitigating urban thermal effects by analyzing nonlinear and threshold influences of urban factors using interpretable spatial machine-learning	41
A review and prospect on research progress of adjustable transparent envelope	39
Energy performance analysis of multi-chiller cooling systems for data centers concerning progressive loading throughout the lifecycle under typical climates	38
Fine-scale estimation of building operation carbon emissions: A case study of the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration	36
Energy consumption dynamic prediction for HVAC systems based on feature clustering deconstruction and model training adaptation	36
Experimental study on summer operation regulation of PV walls based on multi-channel ventilation and composite phase change energy storage	36
Pedestrian wind flow prediction using spatial-frequency generative adversarial network	35
Coupling urban microclimate and building energy modelling: An open-source parametric workflow	34
AutoLFM: A multi-agent LLM framework for automated building load forecasting	34
A hierarchical multi-purpose roller shade controller to enhance indoor comfort and energy efficiency	34
Occupancy of rooms in urban residential buildings by users in cold areas of China	33

Enhancing building resilience: Maintaining energy efficiency and thermal comfort during power outages in cold climates	33
The role of privacy design in office environments: Implications for stress level, spatial perception, and work performance using Hybrid immersive Virtual Environment	33
Practical methods for constant temperature control in tunnel-shaped scientific facilities: Uniform vs. pressure-driven air supply with insights from SHINE	33
Tracking controller design for air handling units with uncertainties	32
Effectiveness of air cleaner on mitigating the transmission of respiratory disease in a dental clinic environment	31
Balancing geometric efficiency and meteorological optimality in rooftop photovoltaic layout planning	31
A novel MSTL-BART method for probabilistic power demand prediction for residential buildings	31
The mutual impacts of individual building design and local microclimate in high-density cities and the major influential parameters	30
The noise spectral characteristics and noise reduction schemes of screw air-source heat pump: A case study	30
Modeling and configuration optimization of the rooftop photovoltaic with electric-hydrogen-thermal hybrid storage system for zero-energy buildings: Consider a cumulative seasonal effect	30
Potential application of radiant floor cooling systems for residential buildings in different climate zones	30
Enhancing the efficiency of cabin heaters in emergency shelters after earthquakes through an optimized fuzzy controller	30
A nationwide assessment of energy flexibility from predictive-controlled heat pump and active thermal energy storage system for building electrification	29
Study on the impact of transient turbulence induced by head movements on the dynamic exposure to infectious respiratory particles	29
A lightweight adjoint method for gaseous pollution source term estimation in urban environments	29
Fast prediction of indoor airflow distribution inspired by synthetic image generation artificial intelligence	29
A review of current research on occupant-centric control for improving comfort and energy efficiency	28
Impact of indoor ventilation efficiency on acetone inhalation exposure concentration and tissue dose in respiratory tract	28
Physics-informed diffusion models for 3D reconstruction of indoor gaseous pollutant fields from sparse measurements	28
Multiscale simulation of the urban wind environment under typhoon weather conditions	28
Mismatch mechanisms and electrical performance of bifacial and monofacial photovoltaic modules under complex shading	28
Influence of breathing modes on respiratory pathogen transmission during cough exposure	27
Optimizing a thermoelectric window frame for heating and cooling: A cross-validated simulation study	26
Possible high COVID-19 airborne infection risk in deep and poorly ventilated 2D street canyons	26
A subspace based method for modelling building’s thermal dynamic in district heating system and parameter extrapolation verification	26
Reducing children’s exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in homes and kindergartens in China: Impact on lifetime cancer risks and burden of disease	25
Building geometry data from online maps for accurate thermal simulations of districts	25
Creating non-uniform thermal environment in large space buildings based on column attachment ventilation	25
Comparative study of development scenarios to decipher carbon emissions of new/old campuses in China with urban building energy model: A case study of Southeast University	25
Quantifying the contribution of activity patterns to PM2.5 exposure inequity between urban and rural residents by a novel method	25
Impacts of insulation retrofits and electrification on residential energy use across multiple housing types in the historic Japanese city of Kyoto	25
Fault impact analysis and prioritization for chilled water plants with chiller and water-side economizer	24
Performance evaluation of physical consistency approach for optimizing residential space heating system in cold snap conditions	23
The introduction of a probabilistic behavior model to minimize performance gap and improve affordability of ultra low energy housing	23
Simulation of transit-oriented development impacts on travel carbon and air pollutant emissions	22
Modeling urban scale human mobility through big data analysis and machine learning	22
Topology optimization design and performance analysis of the low resistance rectifier for uniform air supply	22
Assessing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures: The case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future	22
CFD simulation of pumping ventilation in a three-story isolated building with internal partitioning: Effects of partition widths, heights and locations	22
A multifaceted paradigm shift for next-generation building simulation	21
Chinese prototype building models for simulating the energy performance of the nationwide building stock	21
Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of a nearly zero-energy building heating system using a multi-source heat pump in severe cold region	21
Systematic review of the efficacy of data-driven urban building energy models during extreme heat in cities: Current trends and future outlook	21
A fast prediction framework for urban microscale wind environment based on precomputed CFD database	20
Efficient feature selection for enhanced chiller fault diagnosis: A multi-source ranking information-driven ensemble approach	20
Strategic deployment of urban trees to achieve thermal resilience in a Canadian community	20
Thermal performances and invisible thermal barrier formation mechanism of arc-shaped metal-fin-enhanced thermally activated building envelopes with directional heat charging feature	20
Developing an integrated prediction model for daylighting, thermal comfort, and energy consumption in residential buildings based on the stacking ensemble learning algorithm	20
Development and validation of a transient simulation model of a full-scale PCM embedded radiant chilled ceiling	20
The effect of classroom wall color on learning performance: A virtual reality experiment	20

Analysis of HVAC sensor characteristics for operation and maintenance of the indoor environment: A case research on public building HVAC	20
Numerical investigation of non-spherical particle deposition characteristics on filter media	20
A comprehensive benchmark dataset for the validation of building component heat, air, and moisture (HAM) models	19
Informing electrification strategies of residential neighborhoods with urban building energy modeling	19
Machine learning approach for estimating the human-related VOC emissions in a university classroom	19
Energy flexibility and resilience analysis of demand-side energy efficiency measures within existing residential houses during cold wave event	19
Fault diagnosis of HVAC system with imbalanced data using multi-scale convolution composite neural network	19
Assessing the spatial variation of soundscape perception in high-density urban mountain parks	19
Evaluation of transmission risk of respiratory particles under different ventilation strategies in an elevator	19
Factors evaluation of PM2.5 diffusion in street canyons in Dalian based on numerical simulation	19
Energy flexibility characteristics of centralized hot water system in university dormitories	19
Climate change induced heat stress impact on workplace productivity in a net zero-carbon timber building towards the end of the century	19
Effects of mask wearing duration and relative humidity on thermal perception in the summer outdoor built environment	19
Integration of a grey-box refrigerated case model in EnergyPlus via Python plugin	18
Comprehensive evaluations of the bioaerosol filtration performance of high- and medium-efficiency filters under different influencing factors	18
A method of determining typical meteorological year for evaluating overheating performance of passive buildings	18
Assessing stack-induced infiltration loads by predicting neutral pressure levels in high-rise buildings	18
Combined empirical model and Euclidean distance for estimating daily and hourly global solar radiation data	18
Integrated framework for space- and energy-efficient retrofitting in multifunctional buildings: A synergy of agent-based modeling and performance-based modeling	17
Deep learning to develop zero-equation based turbulence model for CFD simulations of the built environment	17
Exploring the renovation design space: A new iterative approach based on scenario distance metrics and resampling strategies	17
Characterization of time- and size-dependent particle emissions and decay from cooking oil fumes in residence: Impacts of various intervention measures	17
Scaling, optimisation, and application of vegetation canopy radiative transfer model at microclimate scale	17
Best Paper Award 2024	17
Evaluation of the thermal performance of radiant floor heating system with the influence of unevenly distributed solar radiation based on the theory of discretization	17
Impact of radiative cooling on the energy performance of courtyards in Mediterranean climate	17
Numerical study on the application of low-turbulence air curtain surrounding laminar airflow distribution in operating rooms	17
A new space utilization assessment paradigm from the perspective of post-occupancy evaluation based on Wi-Fi and Bluetooth positioning systems	16
Large language models for building energy applications: Opportunities and challenges	16
Design, fabrication and energy-saving evaluation of five-layer structure based transparent heat mirror coatings for windows application	16
Multi-objective optimization of mechanical ventilation with the aid of purifiers in two scenarios: Regular operation and mitigating the spread of respiratory infectious diseases	16
Optimal measurement timing for infrared thermography in building envelope assessment	16
A global typical meteorological year (TMY) database on ERA5 dataset	16
Interstitial condensation analysis and moisture control for office building walls in China	16
Performance of personalized ventilation in mitigating short-range airborne transmission under the influence of multiple factors	16
Building-MoE: A closed-loop routing sparse mixture-of-experts time-series foundation model for building short-term load forecasting	16
Can the ASHRAE Standard 169 zoning method be applied to country-level energy-efficient building design in China?	16
Embedding physical neurons in physics-informed neural networks (EP-PINNs) for enhancing chiller performance prediction	16
Building energy efficiency and COVID-19 infection risk: Lessons from office room management	16
Influence of airflow and the location of infected individuals on occupant exposure in classrooms without mechanical ventilation during the winter	16
The use of green infrastructure and irrigation in the mitigation of urban heat in a desert city	16
A cost-effectiveness assessment of the operational parameters of central HVAC systems during pandemics	16
Effects of various information scenarios on layer-wise relevance propagation-based interpretable convolutional neural networks for air handling unit fault diagnosis	15
Erratum to: Research on the influence of outdoor trees on natural ventilation performance of an academic building	15
Non-monotonic evolutionary patterns of aerosol transmission risk in dynamic density medical units	15
Ensemble machine learning framework for daylight modelling of various building layouts	15
The impact of urban morphology on multiple ecological effects: Coupling relationships and collaborative optimization strategies	15
Assessing impact of intermittent window opening strategies on pathogen-laden droplet dispersion in a coach bus	15
Indoor and outdoor airflow modeling in built and urban environments by water tank and channel experiments: A review	15
Graph convolutional networks-based method for uncertainty quantification of building design loads	15
Color perception-driven evaluation and optimization of inhomogeneous semitransparent photovoltaic windows	15
Effect of solar radiation on human thermal sensation and physiological parameters in a convection–radiation air conditioning environment	15
A degradation knowledge guided health indicator for chiller performance monitoring based on variational information bottleneck	15
Effectiveness of internal light shelves to improve daylighting	15
Numerical study of the influence of the atmospheric pressure on the thermal environment in the passenger cabin	15
Quantitative analysis of individual-scale occupancy: An occupant-centric method for indoor mobility pattern extraction	15
Infrared-transparent bubble wrap assisted high-intensity radiant cooling	15
Utilizing interpretable stacking ensemble learning and NSGA-III for the prediction and optimisation of building photo-thermal environment and energy consumption	15
Influencing factors of long-term thermal comfort in office buildings	15
Forced convection heat transfer on rooftop photovoltaic surfaces under different wind directions	14
Urban-scale radiative cooling potential and spatial heterogeneity: A study based on urban building energy modeling (UBEM)	14
Erratum to: Optimized design of a reinforced exhaust at low velocity (RELV) system for efficient viral aerosol removal in elevators	14
Comparison and evaluation of machine learning models for predicting indoor PM2.5 concentrations on a large spatiotemporal scale	14
Confidence-driven HVAC component recognition integrating LLMs and computer vision	14
Simulation of roof snow loads based on a multi-layer snowmelt model: Impact of building heat transfer	14
Optimal regulation of flexible loads in rural residential buildings considering mobile batteries: A case study in Shaanxi Province	14
Molecular dynamics insights into interfacial water accumulation for optimizing ceramic membrane-based air dehumidification	14
Numerical evaluation of the use of vegetation as a shelterbelt for enhancing the wind and thermal comfort in peripheral and lateral-type skygardens in highrise buildings	14
Economic analysis of rooftop photovoltaics system under different shadowing conditions for 20 cities in China	14
Multi-zone modeling of airflow in a free running building floor: Possible implications for disease transmission	14
Transient particle transport prediction based on lattice Boltzmann method-based large eddy simulation and Markov chain model	14
Quantitative evaluation of H2O2 disinfection efficiency in air duct: Effects of temperature, relative humidity and H2O2 concentration	14
Performance evaluation of an energy-efficient nonlinear model predictive controller for direct expansion systems	13
DeepRadiation: An intelligent augmented reality platform for predicting urban energy performance just through 360 panoramic streetscape images utilizing various deep learning models	13
Wind impacts on buildings in Hong Kong during super Typhoon Mangkhut	13
Effects of bergamot aromatherapy on sleep: A placebo-controlled trial	13
Day-ahead energy management of a smart building energy system aggregated with electrical vehicles based on distributionally robust optimization	13
A co-occupancy analytics method for quantifying multi-occupant spatiotemporal demand toward intermittent localized air conditioning	13
Modelling occupant behaviour for urban scale simulation: Review of available approaches and tools	13
CFD simulations of snow drifting on flat roof with a photovoltaic panel: Impact of photovoltaic panel on nearby snow redistributions	13

Investigation on occupant presence and appliance operation schedules for university campus in south China sub-tropical area	13
Modelling method of inter-building movement for campus-scale occupancy simulation: A case study	13
An identification and analysis method on the abnormal electricity usage behavior of urban/building energy systems based on statistical method and domain knowledge	13
Coordinative optimization for multi-stage regeneration temperatures combination in the desiccant wheel deep dehumidification systems via model predictive control strategies	13
Adaptive reuse strategies in urban centers: Experimental validation using neural networks and real building data	12
Thermo-hydraulic steam pipe models for district heating simulations: Simplifications to balance accuracy and simulation speed	12
Experimental validation of adsorption filter model under dynamic VOC concentrations: Prediction of long-term efficiency	12
AlphaMobileSensing: A virtual testbed for mobile environmental monitoring	12
An improved window opening behavior model involving the division of the dummy variable’s interval level: Case study of an office building in Xi’an during summer	12
Development of a short duration method to assess the envelope thermal performance of multi-family housings	12
Towards climate-resilient overheating standards for cold-climate residences in China: Insights from large-scale thermal comfort monitoring	12
Seasonal thermal energy storage using natural structures: GIS-based potential assessment for northern China	12
Precise quantification of microclimate heterogeneity and canopy group effects in actively heated solar greenhouses	12
Forced convection effects on desiccant evaporation and energy consumption assessment in liquid desiccant dehumidification systems	12
A causal lens for building data: What lies beyond the measured?	11
A human comfort prediction method for indoor personnel based on time-series analysis	11
An interpretable graph convolutional neural network based fault diagnosis method for building energy systems	11
Assessing the impact of heat mitigation measures on thermal performance and energy demand at the community level: A pathway toward designing net-zero energy communities	11
Enhancing heavy gas capture in confined spaces through ventilation control technology	11
A Fourier neural operator-based method for rapid prediction of 3D indoor airflow dynamics	11
Energy modeling and optimization of building condenser water systems with all-variable speed pumps and tower fans: A case study	11
Numerical modeling of all-day albedo variation for bifacial PV systems on rooftops and annual yield prediction in Beijing	11
A simplified model for unsteady airflow analysis in ultra-long tunnels based on the resistance compensation method	11
Simulation-aided development of a compact local ventilation unit with the use of CFD analysis	11
Exploring GPU acceleration framework for climate based daylight modeling	11
Efficiency enhancement of building multi-layer solar collector with SiO2–TiO2 hybrid nanofluids	11
Advancing and demonstrating the Impact Indices method to screen the sensitivity of building energy use to occupant behaviour	11
Simulation study of the purification system for indoor oil mist control in machining factories	11
Parameters matching of a large-scale solar heating system with pit thermal energy storage and heat pump	11
Semantic obstruction detection for improved solar energy potential modeling in urban areas	11
Hot spot temperature prediction and operating parameter estimation of racks in data center using machine learning algorithms based on simulation data	11
Experimental study on the CO2 concentration and age of air distribution inside tiny sleeping spaces	11
Physio-chemical modeling of the NOx-O3 photochemical cycle and the air pollutants’ reactive dispersion around an isolated building	11
Residential building performance analysis at near extreme weather conditions in Hong Kong through a thermal-comfort-based strategy	11
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to indoor dust in plateau households	11
Research on non-uniform heat transfer testing of prefabricated walls based on infrared images	11
A novel lightweight skeletal temporal model for real-time, computationally efficient recognition of occupant thermal adaptation behavior	11
Temporal-spatial risk assessment of COVID-19 under the influence of urban spatial environmental parameters: The case of Shenyang city	11
Assessing microclimatic responses of air conditioning system characteristics in coastal cities based on an improved WRF-MBEM model	10
Novel data assimilation-assisted calibrations on high-rise multizone airflow analysis by ensemble Kalman filter and Sobol sensitivity method	10
Simulation study on suppressing temperature fluctuation based on PCM for radiant supply cooling systems in thermodynamic measurement laboratory	10
Design and performance testing of a novel building integrated photovoltaic thermal roofing panel	10
Spatiotemporal evolution and regional heterogeneity of carbon emissions in municipal-level building sector in China	10
An improved transfer learning strategy for short-term cross-building energy prediction using data incremental	10
Urban wind field prediction using Fourier Neural Operators across different wind directions and cities	10
Model-based investigation on building thermal mass utilization and flexibility enhancement of air conditioning loads	10
Best Paper Award 2022	10
Predominance of inhalation route in short-range transmission of respiratory viruses: Investigation based on computational fluid dynamics	10
The recirculation flow after different cross-section shaped high-rise buildings with applications to ventilation assessment and drag parameterization	10
CFD modeling of dynamic airflow and particle transmission in an aircraft lavatory	10
Generic load regulation strategy for enhancing energy efficiency of chiller plants	10
Understanding the role of artificial intelligence in improving human well-being within the built environment	10
Developing surrogate models for the early-stage design of residential blocks using graph neural networks	10
Impact of ionizers on prevention of airborne infection in classroom	10
Evaluating different levels of information on the calibration of building energy simulation models	10
Fast flow simulation study of pulsating ventilation performance on air contaminant removal	10
Accelerating urban street canyon wind flow predictions with deep learning method	9
Timetabling optimization of classrooms and self-study rooms in university teaching buildings based on the building controls virtual test bed platform considering energy efficiency	9
Using urban building energy modeling to quantify the energy performance of residential buildings under climate change	9
Enhancing source domain availability through data and feature transfer learning for building power load forecasting	9
Investigation of ventilation performance in the multi-story building with various envelope features: Scaled outdoor experiments	9
Quantitative method and influencing factors analysis of demand response performance of air conditioning load with rebound effect	9
Reinforcement learning-driven natural ventilation optimization: Reducing respiratory infection risks through adaptive window control in hospital wards of LMICs	9
Exercise and resting periods: Thermal comfort dynamics in gym environments	9
Comparison of models to predict air infiltration rate of buildings with different surrounding environments	9
Developing a GNN-based large-time-step surrogate model towards real-time prediction of urban wind environment for air mobility	9
Hybrid forecasting and optimization framework for residential photovoltaic-battery systems: Integrating data-driven prediction with multi-strategy scenario analysis	9
An integrated framework utilizing machine learning to accelerate the optimization of energy-efficient urban block forms	9
Seasonal variation of the photovoltaic driven air conditioner with and without temperature range control	9
Comparative evaluation of data mining methods in predicting the water vapor permeability of cement-based materials	9
Bridging performance gap for existing buildings: The role of calibration and the cascading effect	9
Street–overpass morphology controls traffic-related particle exposure	9
Anti-condensation regulation strategy of the novel radiant cooling terminal based on moisture buffering effect	8
Diffusion characteristics of oxygenic–thermal coupled airflow in high-altitude sleeping environment	8
An unsupervised non-intrusive load monitoring method for HVAC systems of office buildings based on MSTL	8
Impact of interior material selection on the concentration levels of formaldehyde in vehicle cabin environment	8
The targeted removal effect and mechanism analysis of two-way active chilled beam induced purification on virus in wards	8
Risk assessment of exhaled infectious aerosols transmission driven by natural ventilation in four nursing homes	8
An unsupervised method of HVAC energy disaggregation and demand response potential estimation	8
Enhanced reinforcement learning-model predictive control for distributed energy systems: Overcoming local and global optimization limitations	8
Natural convection heat transfer coefficients for Chinese children and adolescents	8
A study on bidirectional coupling simulation methods for thermal comfort in cabin environments under solar radiation conditions	8
A new database of building-space-specific internal loads and load schedules for performance based code compliance modeling of commercial buildings	8
Adaptive method for dynamic collaborative allocation of heating load in heterogeneous building complex: An adaptive-weighted multi-objective reinforcement learning framework	8
Performance of an air source heat pump integrating fan-coil window and double-layer pipe-embedded wall for ultra-low-temperature heating	8
Prediction of the local and total thermal insulations of a bedding system based on the 3D virtual simulation technology	8
Example-based dynamic façade design using the facade daylighting performance improvement (FDPI) indicator	8
Centimeter-level mapping of urban near-surface air temperature reveals limited midday cooling by small greenspace in subtropical environments under clear and calm weather	8
Building and urban simulation under future climate: A novel statistical downscaling method for future hourly weather data generation	8
Characteristics of outdoor pollutants intrusion and ventilation control in sentry buildings with normal openings	8
BuildingGym: An open-source toolbox for AI-based building energy management using reinforcement learning	8
Model free optimization of building cooling water systems with refined action space	8
On-site solar PV generation and use: Self-consumption and self-sufficiency	7
Occupant behavior-driven optimization of PCM parameters for enhancing energy performance in lightweight buildings across different climates	7
On the two-way interactions of urban thermal environment and air pollution: A review of synergies for identifying climate-resilient mitigation strategies	7