OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Drug Testing and Analysis is 5. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-06-01 to 2026-06-01.)

Article	Citations
Dr. Alan Malcolm Duffield	108
Electrophoretic detection of black market myostatin propeptide	76
Cover Picture	53
Issue Information	49
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Assay validation for vilanterol and its metabolites in human urine with application for doping control analysis	32
UHPLC–MS/MS method for the quantification of ultra‐traces of irinotecan and its metabolites in red blood cells and plasma to detect caregivers' contamination	27
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Hair EtG Testing in Combination With Measurements of PEth and EtG in Blood to Improve the Assessment of Alcohol Consumption	26
Origin and Interpretation of Low Methamphetamine Levels Found in Amphetamine‐Positive Urine Samples: Support for Methylation of Amphetamine as a Minor Metabolic Pathway	26
Biosynthesis and Identification of Clenbuterol Metabolites in Urine and In Vitro Microsome Incubation Samples Using UHPLC‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry: A Comparison Between Human and Bovine M	25
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Issue Information	25
Simulation of the Metabolism of New Psychoactive Substances Using Electrochemistry‐Mass Spectrometry: Introducing an Innovative Software Tool for Rapid Data Evaluation	24
Identification of Hexahydrocannabiphorol Metabolites in Human Urine	24
Presence of β₂‐agonist growth promoters in human urine samples: GC‐MS/MS evaluation of the excretion profiles of ractopamine administered in microdoses	24
Carfentanil structural analogs found in street drugs by paper spray mass spectrometry and their characterization by high‐resolution mass spectrometry	22
False‐Positive EtG Immunoassay Screening After Exposure to Aliphatic Alcohols. LC‐HRAM‐Orbitrap‐MS Detection of C1–C6 EtG Homologs in Urine, Chest, and Pubic Hair Samples	22
Does a hair test allow discriminating a tail end of a doping regimen from a contamination in case of challenging an anti‐doping rule violation? II. Case report involving chlortalidone	22
In vitro metabolite identification of acetylbenzylfentanyl, benzoylbenzylfentanyl, 3‐fluoro‐methoxyacetylfentanyl, and 3‐phenylpropanoylfentanyl using LC‐QTOF‐HRMS together with synthesized references	22
Cost Minimized Immunoaffinity Purification of EPO and Its Analogs in Doping Control—A Step‐by‐Step Protocol for Human Urine and Blood	21
Emerging Human Medications in Racing Animals: Analytical and Regulatory Challenges	20
Annual Banned‐Substance Review 17th Edition—Analytical Approaches in Human Sports Drug Testing 2023/2024	20
Infant exposure to drugs of abuse investigated by hair analysis	19
Phase I Metabolism of Novel Phencyclidine Derivative 3‐Cl‐PCP: In Vitro Studies With Pooled Human Liver Microsomes and Investigation of a Post‐Mortem Cas	19

Indirect biomarkers of blood doping: A systematic review	18
Interest of Hair Tests to Discriminate a Tail End of a Voluntary Doping Regimen From the Use of a Contaminated Medicine in Case of Challenging an Antidoping Rule Violation. VI. Case Example With Trime	18
Analytical Methods for the Quantification of Drugs and Their Metabolites in Human Hair: A Systematic Review From 2010 to 2025	18
Issue Information	17
Issue Information	17
New Transcriptomic Biomarkers for Detection of the Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (rHuEPO) MirCERA in Horses	17
The athletic characteristics of Olympic sports to assist anti‐doping strategies	16
Absence of new psychoactive substances in wastewater from South Wales, UK, revealed by optimised liquid chromatography‐time‐of‐flight analysis	16
Metabolic Characterization of Vamorolone in Human Liver Microsomes: Implications for Anti‐Doping	16
Minor red blood cell antigen phenotyping of athletes sampled in international competitions	16
Detection of a Single Microdose of Testosterone and Recombinant EPO in Healthy Volunteers	15
Quantitative analysis of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in dried blood spot from mountain ultra‐trail runners. Contribution of pharmacokinetic models for the interpretation of the results	15
Effects of new anti‐doping measures on sports performance in elite female athletes	15
Identification and Investigation of the Intrinsic Receptor Activation Potential and Metabolization of the New Oxo‐Pyridyl Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist CH‐FUBBMPDORA	15
Elimination Profile of Deflazacort and Metabolites in Urine and Plasma Following Oral Administration: Relevance to Sports Drug Testing	15
HS‐FET‐GC/MS‐Method Development and Validation for Analysis of 45 Terpenes—Creating a Complementary Tool for Comprehensive Profiling of Cannabis Flowers in Forensics	15
Myostatin inhibitory peptides in sports drug testing	14
A direct analysis method using sheath flow probe electrospray ionisation‐mass spectrometry (sfPESI‐MS) to detect drug residues from fingerprint forensic gel lifts	14
Detection of extracellular hemoglobin from Arenicola marina in doping control serum samples by means of liquid chromatography and high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry	14
Step‐By‐Step Procedure to Identify Previously Unknown Compounds by LC‐QTOF‐MS Exemplified by an Intoxication With the Methaqualone Analog SL‐164	14
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Characterization of the lysergic acid diethylamide analog, 1‐(thiophene‐2‐carbonyl)‐N,N‐diethyllysergamide (1T‐LSD) from a blotter product	14
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Screening of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids in Illicit Dietary Supplements and Counterfeit Drugs Using LC–MS/MS and LC–QTOF/MS	14
Self‐Reported Use of Thyroid Hormones by Athletes at the Olympic Games	14
A simple approach to analysing trace metals in aerosols produced by e‐cigarettes	13
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Urine or Oral Fluid for Random Testing? A Review of Real World Data	13
Administration study of recombinant erythropoietin on the carriers of variant c.577del in EPO gene	13
Detection of methandienone and its metabolites in equine urine, plasma and hair following a multidose oral administration	13
Mercaptans in malodorants break disulfide bridges in human serum albumin and form adducts suitable as biomarkers of exposure in vitro	13
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Issue Information	13
A fully automated method to quantitate total carbon dioxide in equine plasma by headspace GCMS	12
Detection of Transdermal Application of Testosterone to Racehorses by Analysis of Urine and Plasma	12
Phosphonylated tyrosine and lysine residues as biomarkers of local exposure of human hair to the organophosphorus nerve agents sarin and VX	12
Characterization of Novel Metabolites of the HIF Stabilizer JNJ‐42041935 in Rats Using LC‐HRMS for Doping Control Purposes: A Pilot Study	12
The 23rd International Conference of Racing Analysts and Veterinarians	12
Toward a Cannabis Terroir: Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling of Authentic Samples Using Gas Chromatography–High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry (GC‐HRMS) and Liquid Chromatography–High‐Resolution Tandem M	12
Identification of thermolabile positional isomers of N‐(2‐hydroxybenzyl)‐2‐(dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamines (NBOH series) using chromatography and mass spectrometry methods	12
Identification of Tetrahydrocannabidiol Metabolites in Human Urine	12
Discrepancies between the stated contents and analytical findings for electronic cigarette liquid products: Identification of the new cannabinoid, Δ⁹‐tetrahydrocannabihexol acetate	12
Supra‐physiological doses of anabolic androgenic steroids impact erythropoietin and blood parameters	12
The detection of ACTH and insulin in equine plasma by solid‐phase extraction and micro‐flow LC/MSMS	11
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Isomer Composition Assessment of Synthetic Phosphatidylethanol by Collision‐Induced and Ozone‐Induced Dissociation Mass Spectrometry	11
Influence of Different Washing Hair Procedures in the Quantitative Determination of THC and THCCOOH	11
New gamma‐hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) biomarkers: Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of GHB amino acid, carnitine, and fatty acid	11
Identification of Metabolites of the Dietary Supplement Ingredient 5α‐Hydroxy‐Laxogenin	11
Chiral separation and quantitation of methylphenidate, ethylphenidate, and ritalinic acid in blood using supercritical fluid chromatography	11

Issue Information	11
Simple visualization method for the c.577del of erythropoietin variant: CRISPR/dCas9‐based single nucleotide polymorphism diagnosis	11
Doping Control Analysis of Perfluorocarbons in Equine Plasma by Headspace Gas Chromatography‐Tandem Mass Spectrometry	11
In‐depth metabolic study of nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulator GSK2881078 in thoroughbred horses and horse liver microsomes for doping control	10
Enhanced analysis of equine plasma for the presence of recombinant human erythropoietin — Implementation of an improved workflow	10
Gel Electrophoretic Detection of Black Market ACE‐031	10
Issue Information	10
Doping control analysis of myo‐inositol trispyrophosphate and 10 bisphosphonates in equine plasma by ion chromatography–mass spectrometry and its application to clodronic acid horse administrat	10
Issue Information	10
Drug analysis: Comparison between dried plasma spots and liquid plasma samples of trauma patients from Cameroon—A feasibility study	10
An Indonesian slimming drug with undeclared ingredients causing harm	10
Detection of thyroid hormones in urine by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry	10
Surveillance of Anabolic Agent Residues in US Meat Supply by Liquid Chromatography With High‐Resolution Tandem Mass Spectrometry	10
Geographical classification of opium samples from Myanmar and Afghanistan by NMR profiling and chemometrics	10
Rapid detection of 10 benzodiazepines and metabolites in blood and urine using DART‐MS/MS	10
Chemical Analysis and Alkaloid Intake for Kratom Products Available in the United States	10
Intelligence‐based anti‐doping via an Intelligence and Drug Testing Management (IDTM) system	10
Assessing EPO stability in urine and comparing recombinant EPO detectability in matched urine, venous serum, and capillary serum following a controlled epoetin alfa administration	10
Towards a robust test to detect gene doping for anabolic enhancement in human athletes	10
Detectability of oxandrolone, metandienone, clostebol and dehydrochloromethyltestosterone in urine after transdermal application	10
Pharmacokinetics of freebase nicotine and nicotine salts following subcutaneous administration in male rats	9
Annual Banned‐Substance Review 18th Edition—Analytical Approaches in Human Sports Drug Testing 2024/2025	9
The duration of ketamine detection in hair after treatment cessation: Case study and review of the literature in forensic and clinical casework	9
Curiosity and intentions to use myblu e‐cigarettes and an examination of the ‘gateway’ theory: Data from cross‐sectional nationally representative surveys	9
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Examination of the impact of myblu electronic nicotine delivery system e‐liquid nicotine strength on self‐reported measures of dependence	9
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Effect of Reaction Time and Temperature on the Impurity Profile of Amphetamine in the Leuckart Method	9
A Survey of Melatonin in Dietary Supplement Products Sold in the United States	9
Influence of ZnO morphology on the capability of portable paper‐based electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to determine therapeutic drugs in complex matrices	9
Risk of unintentional antidoping rule violations by consumption of hemp products	9
Identification of Metabolites for the Novel 5α‐Reductase Inhibitor Epristeride In Vitro and Its Potential Impact on Doping Testing	9
Performance‐enhancing substances in sport: A scientometric review of 75 years of research	9
Issue Information	9
EPO and the athlete biological passport: Hematological results from a placebo‐controlled, boosting and microdose EPO administration in male recreational athletes	9
Metabolism of Six Novel Nitazenes in Human Liver Microsomes Based on Ultra‐High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry	9
Trends in exposure to drugs and prohibited substances among sports: A nationwide analysis of 2008–2022 inquiry records	9
In memoriam	9
Cover Picture	9
Interest of nail clipping tests to discriminate a tail end of a doping regimen from a contamination in case of challenging an adverse analytical finding: Case reports involving ostarine	9
Clenbuterol, but not Inhaled Formoterol, Upregulates the Sarcomere Stabilizer KLHL41 to a Similar Extent as Resistance Training in Human Skeletal Muscle	9
Doping Control of Ranitidine in Horses	8
Identification of erythropoietin mimetic peptide 1 linear form in a sealed vial and its administration study in horses for doping control purpose	8
Identification of human in vitro metabolites of the haemoglobin S polymerization inhibitor voxelotor for doping control purposes	8
Comparison of Microcapillary Blood Sampling Devices for Use in Anti‐Doping	8
Characterization of 17 unknown ketamine manufacturing by‐product impurities by UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS	8
Bioactivation and Metabolism of Amino Acid MDMA Prodrugs in Zebrafish Embryos, Human Liver S9, Whole Blood, and Microdosed Human Urine	8
Issue Information	8
Be aware of (R)‐methamphetamine: Negative immunoassay versus positive confirmation analysis	8
Frequency of new psychoactive substances in hair and urine samples of individuals subject to drug testing in driving license regranting—A toxicological perspective	8
Metabolism study of 3‐chloromethcathinone (3‐CMC) by dried blood spot (DBS) sampling after controlled administration using a murine model	8
Optimization of Parallel Artificial Liquid Membrane Extraction for the Determination of Over 50 Psychoactive Substances in Oral Fluid Through UHPLC–MS/MS	8
Analytical toxicology of yew constituents in human blood and urine by liquid chromatography‐high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry	8
Issue Information	8
Detection of Δ⁹‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in oral fluid using two point‐of‐collection testing devices following oral administration of a THC and cannabidiol containing oil	8
Effectiveness of blood steroidal passport markers for detecting testosterone abuse in Asians	8
Cover Picture	8
Supercritical fluid chromatography	8
Detection of anabolic agents including selective androgen receptor modulators in samples outside of sport	8
Detection of a Distinct Erythropoietin (EPO) Profile After Isoelectric Focusing in Patients With Familial Erythrocytosis	8
Evaluation of Bladder Wash as an Alternative Specimen for Postmortem Toxicology: Comparison to Screening Results of Urine and Kidney Tissue	8
Response to Letter to Editor From Brown et al.	8
Pitfalls in assessing the exogenous origin of GHB in hair	8
A Novel Workflow for Fast Elucidation of Drug Metabolites for Screening—Combining In Silico Metabolite Prediction With Trapped Ion Mobility QTOF‐MS	8
Doping Control Analysis of Total Carbon Dioxide (TCO₂) in Equine Plasma by Headspace Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (HS‐GC/MS)	8
Investigation of buprenorphine‐related deaths using urinary metabolite concentrations	8
Fentanyl and Propofol Misuse: Hair Analysis Provides Significant Evidence in the Death of a Young Doctor	7
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Statistical Discrimination of Urinary Steroid Biomarkers in the Athlete Biological Passport: A Novel Approach to an Abnormal Steroid Profile Score (ASPS)	7
Issue Information	7
Rapid desorption and analysis for illicit drugs and chemical profiling of fingerprints by SICRIT ion source	7
An LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of drugs of abuse included THC‐COOH, EtG, and NPS, using a single hair extraction sample	7
Detection of Oral Testosterone Undecanoate Administration in UGT2B17 del/del and del/ins Individuals. Part II: Urinary Endogenous Steroid Sulfate Markers	7
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Estimating human pharmacokinetic parameters for electronic nicotine delivery system products from chemical analyses of their aerosols	7
Acute atrazine intoxication in heifers: Case report and toxicological studies	7
Analytical and behavioral characterization of 1‐hexanoyl‐LSD (1H‐LSD)	7
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Rapid screening of 2‐benzylbenzimidazole nitazene analogs in suspect counterfeit tablets using Raman, SERS, DART‐TD‐MS, and FT‐IR	7
Analysis of dried blood spots is a feasible alternative for detecting ephedrine in doping control	7
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Gene Editing and the Future of Thoroughbred Breeding and Racing	7
Analytical advances in horseracing medication and doping control from 2018 to 2023	7
Drug‐impaired driving and traffic collisions: Study on a cross section of the Italian population	7
Metabolite markers for three synthetic tryptamines N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine, 4‐hydroxy‐N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine, and 5‐methoxy‐N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine	7
Ambient ionisation mass spectrometry for drug and toxin analysis: A review of the recent literature	7
Chemical Straightening as a Source of Analytical Variability in Hair Testing: A Dual‐Analyte Case Report	6
Determination of urinary deanol‐N‐oxide excretion profiles after ingestion of nutritional supplements containing deanol	6
Behavioral intentions assessment of a disposable e‐cigarette among adult current, former, and non‐smokers in the United States	6
Changing trends in novel benzodiazepine use within Scottish prisons: detection, quantitation, prevalence, and modes of use	6
Issue Information	6
Development and validation of general plasma screening method for performance enhancing drugs in racehorses utilizing liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS)	6
A Generic Detection Method for the Doping Control Analysis of Fc‐Fusion Proteins and Monoclonal Antibodies in Equine Plasma	6
Anti‐Doping Testing at FIFA World Cup 2022	6
Issue Information	6
Quantitative analysis of tetrahydrocannabinol isomers and other toxicologically relevant drugs in blood	6
Comparison of analytical approaches for the detection of oral testosterone undecanoate administration in men	6
Identification of three unexpected new psychoactive substances at an Australian drug checking service	6
The 41^st Manfred Donike workshop on doping analysis	6
Rapid and Accurate Identification of Fentanyl and Buprenorphine in Transdermal Patches Using QuickProbe GC–MS	6
Hematological ABP: Interest of New Generation Sequencing Methods (NGS) to Study Suspicious Fluctuations in Erythropoiesis	6
Prevalence of AAS‐Positive Samples at Drug Abuse Laboratory Sweden Between 2014 and 2023 and Sub‐Study of Dual Use of AAS and Narcotics	6
External hair contamination from cannabis and “light cannabis” delivered by smoking and vaping: An in vitro study	6
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Evaluation of alternative gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric behaviour of trimethylsilyl‐derivatives of non‐hydrolysed sulfated anabolic steroids	6
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Automated enzymatic hydrolysis of urine samples for improved systematic toxicological analysis of drug‐facilitated sexual assault cases	6
A strategy for the detection of benzodiazepine drugs using low‐resolution paper‐spray mass spectrometry for harm reduction drug checking	6
Mapping of the Pharmacological Effect of Prohibited Substances and Methods to Athletic Physiological Characteristics	6
Impact of Repeated Glucocorticoid Oral Administration on the Urinary Steroid Profile	6
Detection and Longitudinal Monitoring of Cyclosporine in Horse Plasma and Urine After Ocular Implant Administration	6
Issue Information	6
Driving license regranting: Hair EtG, serum CDT, and the role of sociodemographic and medicolegal variables	6
Demonstration of an End‐To‐End Workflow Using Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe–Mass Spectrometry (ASAP‐MS) With Real‐Time Sample Recognition Software for the Identification of Falsified and Substanda	6
Bayesian Individual Limits for IGF‐1 Monitoring in Equine Plasma: Implementation in the Equine Biological Passport	6
Determination of amphetamine enantiomers in urine by conductive vial electromembrane extraction and ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry	6
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Application to several suspected poisoning cases of a validated analytical method for the determination of muscarine in human biological matrices using liquid chromatography with high‐resolution mass	5
Analysis of Testosterone Esters in Serum and DBS Samples—Results From an Interlaboratory Study	5
Detection of activin receptor type IIA and IIB‐Fc fusion proteins by automated capillary immunoassay	5
mRNA Biomarkers in Dried Blood Spots May Improve Detection of Autologous Blood Micro‐Transfusions Using an Individualized Approach	5
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Issue Information	5
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Evaluation of spectroscopic techniques for on‐site drug testing of festival seizures	5
Retrospective Evaluation of Novel Synthetic Opioids and Xylazine Chronic Intake by Post‐Mortem Hair Testing	5
Biology and Management of Male‐Bodied Athletes in Elite Female Sports	5
Methylation of phase II metabolites of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids to improve analytical performance	5
Segmental Hair Analysis of Diphenhydramine and Cyclizine Following a Single Dose	5
Endogenous Nature of Hydrocortisone Acetate in Horse	5
Ecdysterone: Possible sources of origin in urine	5
Confidence in nicotine for tobacco harm reduction—Bridging the policy–practice gap	5
Metabolism of highly potent synthetic opioid nitazene analogs: N‐ethyl‐N‐(1‐glucuronyloxyethyl) metabolite formation and degradation to N‐desethyl metabolites during enzymatic hyd	5
Issue Information	5
Carbon Isotope Ratio Analysis of Urinary Steroids Following Extensive Cleanup and Formylation	5
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Transcriptomic Biomarkers in Blood Indicative of the Administration of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin to Thoroughbred Horses	5
The Society of Hair Testing consensus on general recommendations for hair testing and drugs of abuse testing in hair	5
Key challenges for in vitro testing of tobacco products for regulatory applications: Recommendations for dosimetry	5
Quantitative determination of R/S‐methadone in human serum using ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry: A method for routine use	5
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Log D_7.4 and plasma protein binding of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and a comparison of experimental and predicted lipophilicity	5
Investigations Into the Metabolism and Elimination of Flmodafinil and Fladrafinil for Sports Drug Testing Purposes	5
Ketoprofen in horses: Metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and effects on inflammatory biomarkers	5
Determination of Hormonal Growth Promotants in Beef Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry	5
Characterization of Samples From a Seized Synthetic Drug Laboratory by Suspect and Nontarget Screening With LC‐HRMS—Identification of Markers Indicating Changes in the Clandestine Manufacturing Proces	5
Improved separation of fentanyl isomers using metal cation adducts and high‐resolution ion mobility‐mass spectrometry	5
Determination of higenamine in common natural spices by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry	5
Issue Information	5
Yearly intrasubject variability of hematological biomarkers in elite athletes for the Athlete Biological Passport	5
Issue Information	5
The importance of harmful and potentially harmful constituents in the implementation of the 2009 US Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act	5
In vitro metabolism study of ADB‐P‐5Br‐INACA and ADB‐4en‐P‐5Br‐INACA using human hepatocytes, liver microsomes, and in‐house synthesized references	5
Prolonged Detection of GHB Intake in Urine: Are We Finally There?	5
Optimization and implementation of four duplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays for gene doping control in horseracing	5
Examining Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) Formation Rates Within and Between Subjects in Ex Vivo Whole Blood	5
Screening and Quantification of the Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist 5F‐MDMB‐PINACA From Seized Prison Paper Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Approaches	5
Do dried blood spots have the potential to support result management processes in routine sports drug testing?—Part 3: LC–MS/MS‐based peptide analysis for dried blood spot sampling time point estimati	5
SFC‐MS/MS for orthogonal separation of hydroxylated 17α‐methyltestosterone isomers	5
Comment on the upper cutoff level for the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) for the assessment of alcohol consumption in forensic practice	5
Detection in seized samples, analytical characterization, and in vitro metabolism of the newly emerged 5‐bromo‐indazole‐3‐carboxamide synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists	5
Distinguishing Between Oral and Transdermal Administration Routes of Methyltestosterone Through Human Urine and Dried Blood Spot Analyses for Doping Control Purposes	5
PEth Cut‐Off Thresholds for Hazardous Alcohol Consumption Based on a Drinking Study	5
“Do It Yourself” Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist Precursors as a Ban‐Evading Strategy: Comparison of the Pharmacological Characteristics of Precursors and Their Final Products	5