Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

Article	Citations
Seeing god in this place: God concepts are associated with impressions of religious places.	73
Spirituality, quality of life and frailty in community-dwelling adults ≥ 50 years.	34
Supplemental Material for The Questionnaire God Representations for Clinical and Scientific Use in the Context of Mental Health Care (QGR-17)	33
Acknowledgment	33
The factor structure of the Duke University Religion Index: Continuing the conversation.	31
Spiritual transformation through pilgrimage: A grounded theory analysis of experiences in Taiwan, Japan, and Spain.	30
Supplemental Material for Between- and Within-Person Effects of Divine Forgiveness on Depression, Rumination, and Flourishing	30
Supplemental Material for Plastic Piety: A Mixed-Methods Study of the Connection Between Religiosity, Cosmetic Surgery, and Body Image	29
The impact of diagnosis and religious orientation on mental illness stigma.	29
Transcendent accountability amplifies the link between accountability to people and patience and courage in goal pursuit.	29
Investigating the relationship between spiritual transcendence, personal religiosity, and mental health in Roman Catholic clergy and nuns.	28
Divine forgiveness and interpersonal forgiveness: Which comes first?	26
Religiosity, spirituality, and obsessive-compulsive disorder-related symptoms in clinical and nonclinical samples.	26
Stressful events, stress level, and psychological distress: A moderated mediation model with secure attachment to god as moderator.	23
Superstition makes you less deontological: Explaining the moral function of superstition by compensatory control theory.	22
Religious coping with interpersonal hurts: Psychosocial correlates of the brief RCOPE in four non-Western countries.	20
Relationship between numinous constructs and values.	18
Supplemental Material for Transcendent Indebtedness to God: A New Construct in the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality	18
Supplemental Material for The Social Pain of Religious Deidentification: Religious Dones Conceal Their Identity and Feel Less Belonging in Religious Cultures	18
The relationship between religious practices and beliefs and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among transgender and gender diverse adults.	18
Acknowledgment	18
The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale.	16
Not as good as I would like to be: Moral self-discrepancy, religiosity, spirituality, and mental health.	16
Supplemental Material for Of Christians, Jews, and Muslims: When Gender Is Unspecified, the Default Is Men	16
Icons and paintings: Differences in psychological distance, empathy, and the feeling of personal communication.	16

Spiritual transcendence and helping behavior: Helping toward ingroups and outgroups.	15
Supplemental Material for Transcendent Accountability Amplifies the Link Between Accountability to People and Patience and Courage in Goal Pursuit	15
Pure in heart: Perceived virtue states uniquely predict prosocial processes, spirituality, and well-being.	15
Religious coping, resilience, and involuntary displacement: A mixed-methods analysis of the experience of Syrian and Palestinian refugees in Jordan.	14
A longitudinal investigation of religious prosociality: What predicts it and who benefits?	14
How is forgivingness linked to religiousness, pessimism, and social cynicism? A longitudinal investigation for directional relationships.	14
Supplemental Material for Religious/Spiritual Struggles and Life Satisfaction Among Sexual Minorities	14
Supplemental Material for Karma Rewards Me and Punishes You: Self–Other Divergences in Karma Beliefs	12
They are trying to harm me, but the world has a hidden plan for me: Cognitive correlates of conspirituality and its links to well-being indicators.	12
Religious/spiritual struggles and depression during COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in the global south: Evidence of moderation by positive religious coping and hope.	11
Supplemental Material for “Prayer Is Universal”: How Integrative Faith Practices Enable Indigenous Peoples’ Persistence and Resistance to Transcend Historical Oppression	11
Karma rewards me and punishes you: Self–other divergences in karma beliefs.	11
Supplemental Material for Reducing Hostility, Increasing Warmth: Varying Ways Religion Relates to Parenting	11
Daily spiritual experiences and purpose in life: The mediating role of loneliness and moderating role of satisfaction with social and intimate relationships.	10
Supplemental Material for Religious and Spiritual Struggles Around the 2016 and 2020 U.S. Presidential Elections	10
Supplemental Material for Is Grace Amazing or Old Wine in a New Bottle? Psychometric Development of the Perceptions and Experiences of Grace Scale (PEGS)	10
Atheism is not the absence of religion: Development of the monotheist and atheist belief scales and associations with death anxiety and analytic thinking.	10
Supplemental Material for Approach, Disengagement, Protest, and Suppression: Four Behaviors Toward God in the Context of Religious/Spiritual Struggle	10
Supplemental Material for The Experiences of Faith and Church Community Among Christian Adults With Mental Illness: A Qualitative Metasynthesis	10
Encompassing marvel of body and spirit: Daoist mysticism and interpretation.	10
Time-varying and gender differences in religious socialization and associations with Muslim American adolescents’ religious identity.	10
Supplemental Material for Perceptions of Divine Grace Among Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints	10
Supplemental Material for Children’s Beliefs About God’s Intervention in Everyday Life	10
Differentiating personified, supernatural, and abstract views of God across three cognitive domains.	9
Religious contingent self-worth in U.S. Christians: A latent profile analysis.	9
Zeal of the convert? Comparing religiousness between convert and nonconvert Muslims.	9
Body image and religion: Explicit and implicit attitudes among three denominations of Jewish women.	9
In the valley of the shadow of death: The existential benefits of imbuing life and death with meaning.	9
Religiosity, spirituality, and mental health in eight countries.	9
Individual-level trajectories of religiosity during adolescence and their implications for purpose.	8
Sanctification of diverse aspects of life and psychosocial functioning: A meta-analysis of studies from 1999 to 2019.	8
“Jesus was a White man too!”: The relationship between beliefs about Jesus’s race, racial attitudes, and ideologies that maintain racial hierarchies.	8
Fundamentalism as dogmatic belief, moral rigorism, and strong groupness across cultures: Dimensionality, underlying components, and related interreligious prejudice.	8
The role of karmic beliefs in immanent justice reasoning.	8
Recycling, relatedness, and reincarnation: Religious beliefs about nature and the afterlife as predictors of sustainability practices.	8
Children’s beliefs about God’s intervention in everyday life.	8
Religious stewardship and pro-environmental action: The mediating roles of environmental guilt and anger.	8
Spiritual struggles and suicidal ideation in veterans seeking outpatient treatment: The mediating role of perceived burdensomeness.	7
To hell with the devil:Lingering negative religious beliefs among religious dones.	7
Christian religious affiliation is associated with less posttraumatic stress symptoms through forgiveness but not search for meaning after hurricane Irma and Maria.	7
Supplemental Material for Religion-Justified Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Psychological Maladjustment	7
Supplemental Material for Fallout of Faith in Iran: How Religious Leaders’ Hypocrisy Undermines Beliefs While Parents’ Devotion Sustains It	7
Supplemental Material for Multidimensional Religious Identity Predicts Muslim American Adolescent Mental Health, Well-Being, and Purpose	7
Supplemental Material for Religious Identity and Intersectional Privilege: (A)Symmetric Biases in Christians and Atheists Are Unaffected by Prompts to Consider Religious and Racial Privilege	7
Religious/spiritual struggles and life satisfaction among sexual minorities.	7
Religion as an embodied practice: Documenting the various forms, meanings, and associated experience of Christian prayer postures.	7
Supplemental Material for Encompassing Marvel of Body and Spirit: Daoist Mysticism and Interpretation	7
The experience of sacred moments and mental health benefits over time.	7
Religiousness and homonegativity in congregations: The role of individual, congregational, and clergy characteristics.	7
Supplemental Material for Definitions of Meditation Among Lay People: A Mixed Method Examination Considering the Roles of Meditation Experience, Religion, and Spirituality	7

A camel through the eye of a needle: The influence of the prosperity gospel on financial risk-taking, optimistic bias, and positive emotion.	7
Spirituality and meaning-making across contexts: Structural topic modeling of the Fetzer spirituality study in the United States.	7
Is religiousness a unique predictor of self-esteem? An empirical investigation with a diverse Israeli sample.	6
Multidimensional religious identity predicts Muslim American adolescent mental health, well-being, and purpose.	6
Religious affiliation, self-stigma, and economic outcomes among the Quichua of Ecuador.	6
Religiosity predicts unreasonable coping with COVID-19.	6
Supplemental Material for Hostile and Prosocial Reactions to Christian Privilege in the United States: A Registered Report	6
Exploring conceptions of patience among a sample of Muslim, Buddhist, Christian, and nonreligious young adults.	6
The Questionnaire God Representations for clinical and scientific use in the context of mental health care (QGR-17).	6
The four horsemen of religious deidentification.	6
Self-identity orientation and religious identity: An application of the tetrapartite model of self.	6
Acknowledgment	6
Where are we, and where should we go? An introduction to Davis et al., “Sixty years of studying the sacred: Auditing and advancing the psychology of religion and spirituality”.	6
A person-centered approach to the dark triad traits and religiousness: Examining differences in intellectual humility, prosociality, and mental health in U.S. college students.	6
Supplemental Material for Prejudice Among the Religious Majority: A Person-Centered Approach to Prejudice Among Christians in the United States	5
The social pain of religious deidentification: Religious dones conceal their identity and feel less belonging in religious cultures.	5
Supplemental Material for Religion and Well-Being: What Is the Magnitude and the Practical Significance of the Relationship?	5
Supplemental Material for Are Agnostics Associated With Immorality to the Same Degree as Atheists?	5
Relationships between right-wing authoritarianism and spirituality in Japan.	5
Supplemental Material for The Varieties of Spiritual Ties to Place: A Latent Class Analysis	5
The language of religious and secular practices: A mixed method analysis.	5
Supplemental Material for The Language of Religious and Secular Practices: A Mixed Method Analysis	5
Plastic piety: A mixed-methods study of the connection between religiosity, cosmetic surgery, and body image.	5
An examination of the factor structure of the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity-Revised (PIOS-R) in atheist and Christian samples.	5
Conservation of resources theory and spirituality at work: When a resource is not always a resource.	5
Supplemental Material for The RSS-14: Development and Preliminary Validation of a 14-item Form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale	5
Meaning behind the movement: Attributing sacred meaning to fluid and nonfluid arm movements increases self-transcendent positive emotions and buffers the effects of nonfluidity on positive emotions.	4
Supplemental Material for Life Loses Some Meaning After Leaving Religion	4
Supernatural operating rules: How people envision and experience God, the devil, ghosts/spirits, fate/destiny, karma, and luck.	4
Supplemental Material for Differentiating Personified, Supernatural, and Abstract Views of God Across Three Cognitive Domains	4
Supplemental Material for Spirituality and Meaning-Making Across Contexts: Structural Topic Modeling of the Fetzer Spirituality Study in the United States	4
Do peers mediate the association between religiosity and the alcohol use of Indonesian Muslim adolescents?	4
“At its core, Islam is about standing with the oppressed”: Exploring transgender Muslims’ religious resilience.	4
Supplemental Material for Is Belief Priming Associated With Prosocial Intentions? Experimental Evidence From Turkey	4
Are agnostics associated with immorality to the same degree as atheists?	4
Supplemental Material for Perceptions of Psychedelic Use by Adults in the United States: Perceived Psychospiritual Benefits and Risks, Including Spiritual Struggles	4
Religiosity, spirituality, national narcissism, and prejudice toward refugees and sexual minorities in Poland.	4
Supplemental Material for The Temporal Relationship Between Religious Motivations and Purpose: A Cross-Lagged Panel Model Approach	4
Black–white biracial Christians, discrimination, and mental health: A moderated mediation model of church support and religious coping.	3
“Prayer is universal”: How integrative faith practices enable Indigenous peoples’ persistence and resistance to transcend historical oppression.	3
Supplemental Material for Torn at the Seams: Moral Struggles Surrounding Same-Sex Relationships in Christian-Raised Individuals Reporting Same-Sex Attraction	3
Psychological symptoms in Arab American women: Adverse childhood experiences, racism, and the role of religiosity.	3
Differential effects from aspects of religion on female genital mutilation/cutting.	3
Supplemental Material for When Catholic and Polish Identity Goals Meet: Goal Overlap via a Sense of Belonging	3
Self-transcendence through self-inhibition?: God primes reduce self-accessibility.	3
Supplemental Material for Attitudes Toward Aging and Happiness Among Chinese Older Adults: Spirituality as a Mediator	3
Supplemental Material for Religious Service Attendance and Common Mental Disorders and Well-Being: Causal Effects Based on a Longitudinal Marginal Structural Model Approach	3
Supplemental Material for Nuanced Associations of Maternal Religious Beliefs and Patriarchal Values With Children’s Academic Achievement	3
Lay theories of mating interest and mate retention strategies for atheists and theists in the Southern United States.	3
Apostasy and conversion: Attachment orientations and individual differences in the process of religious change.	3
Supplemental Material for Daily Spiritual Experiences and Purpose in Life: The Mediating Role of Loneliness and Moderating Role of Satisfaction With Social and Intimate Relationships	3
Religion-justified childhood maltreatment and adult psychological maladjustment.	3
Supplemental Material for The Feeling Is Not Mutual: Religious Belief Predicts Compatibility Between Science and Religion, but Scientific Belief Predicts Conflict	3
Divine forgiveness and psychological health: The role of divine intervention.	3
Examining the relationship between awe, spirituality, and religiosity.	3
Nuanced associations of maternal religious beliefs and patriarchal values with children’s academic achievement.	3
Exploring mindfulness, compassion, caring for bliss, gratitude, forgiveness, and generosity in relation to college students’ genuine happiness: A two-wave longitudinal study.	3
Worlds apart? Atheist, agnostic, and humanist worldviews in three European countries.	3
Supplemental Material for Meaning Making Enhances Gratitude to God: The Importance of Spiritual Appraisals	2
Sanctifying suffering and fostering self-forgiveness: Exploring pathways to well-being in chronic pain management.	2
How does psychedelic use relate to aspects of religiosity/spirituality? Preregistered report from a birth cohort study and a prospective longitudinal study.	2
The interrelationships between spiritual resources and work engagement.	2
Disagreeing well: The role of virtues among Christians in conflict in the United States.	2
Sixty years of studying the sacred: Auditing and advancing the psychology of religion and spirituality.	2
Towards a psychology of divine forgiveness.	2
Supplemental Material for Not as Good as I Would Like to Be: Moral Self-Discrepancy, Religiosity, Spirituality, and Mental Health	2
Supplemental Material for Dimensionality of Scrupulosity and Its Associations With Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology in a Nonclinical Sample: A Network Approach	2
The role of holistic religiosity on mental health and mental illness: A global study of Muslims.	2
A meta-analytic comparison of longitudinal changes in scores on the Religious Spiritual and Struggles Scale and mental health symptom measures.	2
Acknowledgment	2
The protective role of identity integration against internalized sexual prejudice for religious gay men.	2
Is belief priming associated with prosocial intentions? Experimental evidence from Turkey.	2
Fallout of faith in Iran: How religious leaders’ hypocrisy undermines beliefs while parents’ devotion sustains it.	2
Disclosure of afterdeath communication: A mixed-methods approach.	2
Struggles reported integrating intense spiritual experiences: Results from a survey using the Integration of Spiritually Transformative Experiences Inventory.	1
Supplemental Material for Attitudes Toward Genomic Health Care Among Christian Dones in the United States	1
The Self-Transcendence Experience Scale: Extracting core constructs.	1
The lived religion of grace: Exploring diverse Christian narratives.	1
Religiosity as a predictor of worry during stressful periods of uncertainty.	1
Theistic relational spirituality: Development, dynamics, health, and transformation.	1

Beyond beliefs: Multidimensional aspects of religion and spirituality in language.	1
Supplemental Material for Affordances of Costly Religious Practices for Mating	1
Perceived parental religiosity as a predictor of depression and substance use among LGBTQ+ individuals: The mediating role of perceived familial stigma.	1
Parents with greater religiosity lie less to their children.	1
Call and response: A six-wave study of bidirectional links between religiosity and spirituality among Pakistani Muslims during Ramadan.	1
The temporal relationship between religious motivations and purpose: A cross-lagged panel model approach.	1
Why do the devout remain devoted? Exploring religious expectations and relational compensators.	1
Effects of prayer frequency and orientations on distress and well-being: Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from Indonesian adults.	1
Daily measures of religious/spiritual struggles: Relations to depression, anxiety, satisfaction with life, and meaning.	1
Young, Black, Muslim American: An intersectional lens to understanding emerging adult religious experiences.	1
Supplemental Material for What Must I Do to Be Forgiven? U.S. Christian Adults’ Perceptions of the Necessary Preconditions for Divine Forgiveness	1
Religious head versus heart beliefs: Measurement development and validation.	1
Green as the gospel: The power of stewardship messages to improve climate change attitudes.	1
What are the core features and dimensions of “spirituality”? Applying a partial prototype analysis to understand how laypeople mentally represent spirituality as a concept.	1
Religiosity and mistreatment among Christian and Muslim Arab Americans.	1
Dimensionality of scrupulosity and its associations with obsessive-compulsive symptomatology in a nonclinical sample: A network approach.	1
Supplemental Material for Religious Contingent Self-Worth in U.S. Christians: A Latent Profile Analysis	1
Supplemental Material for In the Wake of Religious Conversions: Differences in Cognition and Emotion Across Three Religious Communities of an Indigenous Tribe in Malaysia	1
A mixed-methods study of communing with and complaining to the divine: Imagined conversations with god among undergraduates reporting religious and spiritual struggles.	1
What factors buffer the effects of parent–adolescent religious discrepancy to preserve parent–child connectedness?	1
Faith development as change in religious types: Results from three-wave longitudinal data with faith development interviews.	1
Attitudes toward genomic health care among Christian dones in the United States.	1
Supplemental Material for Icons and Paintings: Differences in Psychological Distance, Empathy, and the Feeling of Personal Communication	1
Psychological perspectives on divine forgiveness: 2. Does viewing God as intervening account for the association between God image and divine forgiveness?	1
Shades of Black: Gendered denominational variation in depression symptoms among Black Christians.	1
Parents’ spiritual struggles and stress: Associations with mental health and cognitive well-being following a neonatal intensive care unit experience.	1
Correction to “The effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on spiritual well-being and hope in patients with breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial” by Wang et al. (2024).	1
The power of presence: Well-being and biopsychosocial effects of virtual versus in-person religious services.	1
Revisiting feeling of threat and agency detection: A preregistered virtual reality study.	1
Approach, disengagement, protest, and suppression: Four behaviors toward God in the context of religious/spiritual struggle.	1
When catholic and polish identity goals meet: Goal overlap via a sense of belonging.	1
Parent religiosity as a protective and promotive factor in reducing future arrest in youth with antisocial and conventional peers.	1
You shall go forth with joy: Religion and aspirational judgments about emotion.	1
Between- and within-person effects of divine forgiveness on depression, rumination, and flourishing.	1
Supplemental Material for Meaning in Science as a Response to Existential Threat	1
Meaning in science as a response to existential threat.	1
Of Christians, Jews, and Muslims: When gender is unspecified, the default is men.	1
Transcendent indebtedness to God: A new construct in the psychology of religion and spirituality.	1