IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies

Article	Citations
Generative AI in Curriculum Design: Empirical Insights Into Model Performance and Educational Constraints	232
IEEE Education Society Publication Information	198
Enhancing Medical Training Through Learning From Mistakes by Interacting With an Ill-Trained Reinforcement Learning Agent	162
Capturing Movement: A Tablet App, Geometry Touch, for Recording Onscreen Finger-Based Gesture Data	143
AestheNet: Revolutionizing Aesthetic Perception Diagnosis in Education With Hybrid Deep Nets	118
Investigating the Use of Deep Learning and Implicit Feedback in K12 Educational Recommender Systems	116
Impact of Gamified Learning Experience on Online Learning Effectiveness	115
A Tutorial-Generating Method for Autonomous Online Learning	115
IEEE Education Society Information	112
Measuring the Effectiveness of Learning Economic Principles in a Sustainable Entrepreneurship Game-Based Setting: A Bootstrapping Approach	111
Embedding Educational Narrative Scripts in a Social Media Environment	108
Exploring Intergenerational Interactions Through an Online Storytelling Experience	79
Motivating Students With Different Needs to Learn Chinese in a Mixed-Background Classroom by Robot-Assisted Learning	76
From Discovery to Design and Implementation: A Guide on Integrating Immersive Technologies in Public Safety Training	74
The Integration of Interactive Psychoeducation and Agent Embodiment in Virtual Reality Training: An Evaluation on Breathing Techniques	67
Developing and Usability Testing of an Augmented Reality Tool for Online Engineering Education	67
Data-Driven Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Comprehensive Review	62
IEEE Education Society Information	57
Enhancing IV Needle Insertion Training With a Bimanual Haptic VR Simulator: Development, Usability, and Learning Impact	57
Audio Augmented Reality in Smart Learning Environments	52
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies	50
Effectiveness of Customized Exergames to Improve Postural Control in High School Physical Education	48
Audio Instructional Design Best Practices for an Enhanced Learning Experience. A Mixed Holistic-Systematic Mapping Study	45
Annotation Guideline-Based Knowledge Augmentation: Toward Enhancing Large Language Models for Educational Text Classification	45
Seamless Crime Scene Reconstruction in Mixed Reality for Investigation Training: A Design and Evaluation Study	44

Process Mining Insights From a Student-Generated Questions Tool: Lower Workload and Higher Perceived Usefulness Improve the Learning Process	43
A Data-Driven Approach for the Identification of Features for Automated Feedback on Academic Essays	42
Multimodal Conversational Emotion Recognition in Education with Uncertain Missing Modalities: A Graph Fusion Network Approach	42
Computational Learning Analytics to Estimate Location-Based Self-Regulation Process of Real-World Experiences	42
AssignmentWatch: An Automated Detection and Alert Tool for Reducing Academic Misconduct Associated With File-Sharing Websites	41
Designing Social Robot for Adults Using Self-Determination Theory and AI Technologies	41
Automatic Short-Answer Grading via BERT-Based Deep Neural Networks	39
A Job-Seeking Assistance System by Integrating Interview Training With Job Recommendation	39
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies Publication Information	37
Predicting Student Performance in a Programming Tutoring System Using AI and Filtering Techniques	36
Empowering Instructors: Augmented Reality Authoring Toolkit for Aviation Weather Education	35
MathScrub: Single-Pipeline Strikeout Removal and LaTeX Generation for Handwritten Calculus Expressions	35
Building Compliant Pocket Labs With IEEE STD 1876-2019: A Step Forward	35
Revolutionizing Word Clouds for Teaching and Learning With Generative Artificial Intelligence: Cases From China and Singapore	35
PQSCT: Pseudo-Siamese BERT for Concept Tagging With Both Questions and Solutions	34
Automatic Generation of Multimedia Teaching Materials Based on Generative AI: Taking Tang Poetry as an Example	33
Using RoblockLLy in the Classroom: Bridging the Gap in Computer Science Education Through Robotics Simulation	33
ADPS—A Prescreening Tool for Students With Dyslexia in Learning Traditional Chinese	33
Developing an E-Learning Platform Capable of Being Aware of Self-Regulated Learning Behaviors of Role Models	32
Is ChatGPT a Competent Teacher? Systematic Evaluation of Large Language Models on the Competency Model	31
Supporting Teachers’ Professional Development With Generative AI: The Effects on Higher Order Thinking and Self-Efficacy	31
Exploring the Possibilities of Edu-Metaverse: A New 3-D Ecosystem Model for Innovative Learning	30
Toward an AI Knowledge Assistant for Context-Aware Learning Experiences in Software Capstone Project Development	30
Facilitating Online Self-Regulated Learning and Social Presence Using Chatbots: Evidence-Based Design Principles	30
A Real-Time Predictive Model for Identifying Course Dropout in Online Higher Education	29
LEMON: A Knowledge-Enhanced, Type-Constrained, and Grammar-Guided Model for Question Generation Over Knowledge Graphs	29
Guest Editorial: Designing Technologies to Support Professional and Workplace Learning for Situated Practice	28
Evaluating the Impact of Lightboard Videos on College Students' Performance in a Mathematical Optimization Course	28
A Script for Conversational Reflection Guidance: A Field Study on Developing Reflection Competence With Apprentices	27
Digital Twins of Pet Robots to Prolong Interdependent Relationships and Effects on Student Learning Performance	26
A Systematic Review of Research on Immersive Technology-Enhanced Writing Education: The Current State and a Research Agenda	26
Predicting Presentation Skill of a Speaker Using Automatic Speaker and Audience Measurement	26
Exploring the Potential of Tangible and Multitouch Interfaces to Promote Learning Among Preschool Children	25
An Interpretable Closed-Loop Intelligent Tutoring System for Multimodal Affective Feedback in Asynchronous Presentation Training	25
Improvement of the Quality of Question Papers for Online Examinations Toward Simultaneous Enhancement of Students’ Learning	25
Sequential Behavior Analysis of Interdisciplinary Activities in Computational Thinking and EFL Language Learning With Game-Based Learning	25
Contrastive Personalized Exercise Recommendation With Reinforcement Learning	25
Preparing Student Teachers for Professional Development: Mentoring Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Learners in Mathematical Problem Solving	25
Front Cover	25
Improving Knowledge Tracing via Considering Two Types of Actual Differences From Exercises and Prior Knowledge	25
Boundary Conditions of Generalizing Predictive Models for Academic Performance: Within Cohort Versus Within Course	24
AI-Powered University Admission Counseling: A Use Case of Large Language Models in Student Guidance	24
Embedding Spatial Augmented Reality in Culinary Training: A Comparative Evaluation of sAR Kitchen and Video Tutorials	24
Write-Curate-Verify: A Case Study of Leveraging Generative AI for Scenario Writing in Scenario-Based Learning	24
Design and Evaluation of Trustworthy Knowledge Tracing Model for Intelligent Tutoring System	24
Unleashing ChatGPT's Power: A Case Study on Optimizing Information Retrieval in Flipped Classrooms via Prompt Engineering	23
Exploring Augmented Reality's Influence on Cognitive Load and Emotional Dynamics Within AAV Training Environments	23
Transforming Education With Generative AI (GAI): Key Insights and Future Prospects	23
Goal Ontology for Personalized Learning and Its Implementation in Child's Health Self-Management Support	22
Table of Contents	22

Balancing Performance and Explainability in Academic Dropout Prediction	22
Assessing the Quality of Student-Generated Content at Scale: A Comparative Analysis of Peer-Review Models	22
Exploring the Use of Multiagent Systems in Educational Robotics Activities	22
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies Publication Information	22
Front Cover	21
Student Action Recognition for Improving Teacher Feedback During Tele-Education	21
How Learning Analytics Can Help Orchestration of Formative Assessment? Data-Driven Recommendations for Technology- Enhanced Learning	21
T-VLC: A Trust Model for Virtual Learning Communities	21
Decoding Contextual Factors Differentiating Adolescents’ High, Average, and Low Digital Reading Performance Through Machine-Learning Methods	21
Learning an Alternative Car-Following Technique to Avoid Congestion With an Instructional Driving Simulator	20
Pedagogical Interventions in SPOCs: Learning Behavior Dashboards and Knowledge Tracing Support Exercise Recommendation	20
The Three-Stage Hierarchical Logistic Model Controlling Personalized Playback of Audio Information for Intelligent Tutoring Systems	20
Tools Designed to Support Self-Regulated Learning in Online Learning Environments: A Systematic Review	20
An Intelligent Tutoring System to Support Code Maintainability Skill Development	20
A Scenario-Driven AI+VR Language Practice Platform: A Technical Feasibility and Formative Usability Study	19
CHEST: An Application to Support Teachers in the Use of Linked Open Data for Ubiquitous Learning	19
TeenChat: A Human-Calibrated Mental Health LLM With Intention-Aware Dialogue and Contrastive Counseling Regularization	19
Corrections to “A Tutorial-Generating Method for Autonomous Online Learning”	19
ChatGPT for Educational Purposes: Investigating the Impact of Knowledge Management Factors on Student Satisfaction and Continuous Usage	19
Exploring the Answering Capability of Large Language Models in Addressing Complex Knowledge in Entrepreneurship Education	18
LearnEval Peer Assessment Platform: Iterative Development Process and Evaluation	18
Will Virtual Reality Transform Online Synchronous Learning? Evidence From a Quality of Experience Subjective Assessment	18
Ardosia: Simulating Circuits and Robotic Systems in a Single Learning Platform	17
RCKTE: Toward Global Optimal Causal Explanations for Deep Knowledge Tracing	17
Measuring Cognitive Load in Virtual Reality Training via Pupillometry	17
Personalization in Graphically Rich E-Learning Environments for K-6 Mathematics	17
A Web-Based Educational System for Teaching Compilers	17
Forecasting Gender in Open Education Competencies: A Machine Learning Approach	17
HSVRS: A Virtual Reality System of the Hide-and-Seek Game to Enhance Gaze Fixation Ability for Autistic Children	17
Quantum Algorithm Design and Its Implementation for Solving Test Sheet Composition Optimization Using a Quantum Annealing Approach	17
AI-Based Diagnostic Assessment System: Integrated With Knowledge Map in MOOCs	17
Generative Agents for Learning Behavioral Simulation: An Interview-Driven and Multi-Expert Reflection Framework	17
The Design of Guiding and Adaptive Prompts for Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Its Effect on Students’ Mathematics Learning	16
Leveraging Semantic Facets for Automatic Assessment of Short Free Text Answers	16
FERN: Fair Team Formation for Mutually Beneficial Collaborative Learning	16
How Can Self-Evaluation and Self-Efficacy Skills of Young Learners be Scaffolded in a Web Application?	16
EQGG: Automatic Question Group Generation	16
An Innovative Strategy to Anticipate Students’ Cheating: The Development of Automatic Essay Assessment on the “MoLearn” Learning Management System	16
Framing Professional Learning Analytics as Reframing Oneself	16
Front Cover	16
ARISE: Enhanced Capability and Privacy for Interdisciplinary Course Performance Prediction in Higher Education	16
A Journey to Identify Users' Classification Strategies to Customize Game-Based and Gamified Learning Environments	16
Assessment of Kinematic and Kinetic Attributes of Graphic Execution of Children With Autism and Typically Developing Children Using a Digitized Platform	16
A Modular Serious Game Development Framework for Virtual Laboratory Courses	15
Cybersecurity Matters for Primary School Students: A Scoping Review of the Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities	15
Using GenAI to Assess Design Patterns in Student-Written Code	15
Toward Embedding Robotics in Learning Environments With Support to Teachers: The IDEE Experience	15
Co-creating a Community-focused Educational Knowledge Graph for Trustworthy Language Knowledge: A Case Study on Yanyuwa	14
Empowering Instructors With AI: Evaluating the Impact of an AI-Driven Feedback Tool in Learning Analytics	14
A Mixed-Methods Comparative Study of Remote and Traditional SDR Laboratories via Bloom’s Taxonomy, Surveys, and Focus Group	14
SocioMathLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model Framework for Generating Authentic Mathematical Word Problems Driving Socialization	14
Promoting Computational Thinking Skills in Non-Computer-Science Students: Gamifying Computational Notebooks to Increase Student Engagement	14
OrientaTree: A Mobile Tool for Geolocated Educational Orienteering	14
Multisensory Interaction and Analytics to Enhance Smart Learning Environments: A Systematic Literature Review	14
Blended Laboratory Design Using Raspberry Pi Pico for Digital Circuits and Systems	14
HGCR: A Heterogeneous Graph-Enhanced Interactive Course Recommendation Scheme for Online Learning	14
Building Trust in AI Through Dialogues With Eastern Ethics: Toward Ethical Partnerships in Education	14
Reinforcement Learning-Driven Optimization of Picture Book Paths for Aesthetic Perception Enhancement	13
IEEE Education Society Information	13
Editorial Technologies for Data-Driven Interventions in Smart Learning Environments	13
How to Design Immersive Virtual Learning Environments Based on Real-World Processes for the Edu-Metaverse—A Design Process Framework	13
Dynamic Cognitive Diagnosis: An Educational Priors-Enhanced Deep Knowledge Tracing Perspective	13
Can Autograding of Student-Generated Questions Quality by ChatGPT Match Human Experts?	13
Investigating the Efficacy of ChatGPT-3.5 for Tutoring in Chinese Elementary Education Settings	13
Extended Reality as a Training Approach for Visual Real-Time Feedback in Golf	13
Reconceptualizing Self-Directed Learning in the Era of Generative AI: An Exploratory Analysis of Language Learning	13
Theory-Driven Design in Metaverse Virtual Reality Learning Environments: Two Illustrative Cases	13
MOOC-BERT: Automatically Identifying Learner Cognitive Presence From MOOC Discussion Data	12
ProgTutor: A Robotic-Based Framework to Support Teaching and Learning of Programming Fundamentals	12
Multimodality of AI for Education: Toward Artificial General Intelligence	12
Facilitating the Learning Engineering Process for Educational Conversational Modules Using Transformer-Based Language Models	12
Exploring the Impact of the Metaverse on Promoting Students’ Access to Quality Education: A Meta-Analysis	12
On the Supervision of Peer Assessment Tasks: An Efficient Instructor Guidance Technique	12
CoSKT: A Collaborative Self-Supervised Learning Method for Knowledge Tracing	12
Online Self-Service Learning Platform for Application-Inspired Cloud Development and Operations (DevOps) Curriculum	12
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies	12
The Impact of Mobile-Assisted Social Language Learning Activities on Speaking Skills and Self-Efficacy Development	12
Pilot Study Using Decision Trees to Diagnose the Efficacy of Virtual Offshore Egress Training	12
Automated Program Repair for Introductory Programming Assignments	12
SimuNEX: A 3-D Simulation Framework for Teaching Control Systems	12

A Digital Learning Ecosystem to Scaffold Teachers’ Learning	11
Peer Grading Eliciting Truthfulness Based on Autograder	11
Navigating the Textual Maze: Enhancing Textual Analytical Skills Through an Innovative GAI Prompt Framework	11
Embedding Test Questions in Educational Mobile Virtual Reality: A Study on Hospital Hygiene Procedures	11
A Dual-Mode Grade Prediction Architecture for Identifying At-Risk Students	11
Modeling Cognitive Processes of Learners Based on BiGRU-Attention: A Dual-Phase Framework	11
An Explicit-Thinking LLM-Based Cognitive Apprenticeship Approach to Promote Students' Metacognition, Higher-Order Thinking Skills, and Learning Performance	11
Digital Game-Based Technology for English Language Learning in Preschools and Primary Schools: A Systematic Analysis	11
Robots in Inclusive Education of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder	11
Microlearning in Immersive Virtual Reality: A User-Centered Analysis of Learning Interfaces	11
KnowSTU: Diagnosing Students’ Problem Behaviors Using Fine-Tuned LLM and RAG	11
ChatPRCS: A Personalized Support System for English Reading Comprehension Based on ChatGPT	11
Co-Design and Field Testing of a Platform to Support the Screening of Learning Difficulties	11
Cosmic Sounds: A Game to Support Phonological Awareness Skills for Children With Dyslexia	10
The Impact of Artificial General Intelligence-Assisted Project-Based Learning on Students’ Higher Order Thinking and Self-Efficacy	10
A Collaborative Virtual Reality Flight Simulator: Efficacy, Challenges, and Potential	10
New Scenarios and Trends in Nontraditional Laboratories From 2000 to 2020	10
Characteristic Behaviors of Elementary Students in a Low Attention State During Online Learning Identified Using Electroencephalography	10
Design and Evaluation of a Set of Methodological Strategies for Learning a Second Language in Students With Down Syndrome Using Computer-Based Instruction	10
Attention Level Evaluation in Children With Autism: Leveraging Head Pose and Gaze Parameters From Videos for Educational Intervention	10
ConfuciusLM: Exploring Confucian Personalized Instruction for Primary Learners With Large Language Models	10
A Gamified Platform to Support Educational Activities About Fake News in Social Media	10
A Systematic Literature Review of Game-Based Assessment Studies: Trends and Challenges	10
Exploring Manifestations of Learners’ Self-Regulated Tactics and Strategies Across Blended Learning Courses	10
Virtual Robots in E-Learning: A Pathway to Enhanced Academic Self-Esteem, Math Performance, and Engagement in Children	10
Hybrid Models for Knowledge Tracing: A Systematic Literature Review	10
Exploring ChatGPT's Ability to Classify the Structure of Literature Reviews in Engineering Research Articles	10
Front Cover	10
Fostering Balanced Contributions Among Children Through Dialogue Visualization	10
Applying Smart Glasses in Situated Exploration for Learning English in a National Science Museum	9
Engaging Online Learners in Blended Synchronous Learning: A Systematic Literature Review	9
Leveraging Generative AI Agent to Promote Teaching Reflection in a K–12 AI Course: Effects on Teachers’ Reflection Self-Efficacy, Instructional Design, and Reflective Thinking	9
The Effects of the Badminton Teaching-Assisted System Using Electromyography and Gyroscope on Learners' Badminton Skills	9
Embeddings for Automatic Short Answer Grading: A Scoping Review	9
Design and Evaluation of an AI-Based Conversational Agent for Adaptive Feedback in Educational Robotics	9
Development of a Computer-Aided Education System Inspired by Face-to-Face Learning by Incorporating EEG-Based Neurofeedback Into Online Video Lectures	9
A Framework for Designing Student-Facing Learning Analytics to Support Self-Regulated Learning	9
Front Cover	9
The Impact of Integrating an Intelligent Personal Assistant (IPA) on Secondary School Physics Students’ Scientific Inquiry Skills	9
Serious Video Games for Agricultural Learning: Scoping Review	9
Future Changes in Teachers’ Professional Roles Under the Impact of Artificial Intelligence: A Study in English as a Foreign Language Education	9
Can Edu-Metaverse Reshape Virtual Teaching Community (VTC) to Promote Educational Equity? An Exploratory Study	8
Toward Fair and Efficient Intelligent Learning: A Generative Cognitive Diagnosis Approach	8
XR Vest: A Novel System for Demonstration-Based Learning of Safety Skills	8
A Comprehensive Survey on Large-Language-Model-Based Agents for Education	8
Robotics in the Context of Primary and Preschool Education: A Scoping Review	8
Design and Evaluation of a Choreography-Based Virtual Reality Authoring Tool for Experiential Learning in Industrial Training	8
Design and Implementation Framework of Game Activity Generators for Declarative Knowledge Training	8
Collaborative Human–AI Research Practices: Identifying Critical Touchpoints for Human Intervention in Educational Research	8
Introducing Massive Open Metaverse Course and Its Enabling Technology	8
Benchmarking In-Context Learning Strategies of Large Language Models for Math Reasoning Tasks	8
Guest Editorial: Special Issue Intelligence Augmentation and the Future of Education: Transforming Learning Landscapes Across Modalities and Lifecycles	8
Knowledge Graph Augmented Generation for Examination Questions	8
A Dynamic Eye-Movement Alignment Method for Assessing Context-Based Mathematical Problem-Solving	7
Interpretable Cognitive State Prediction via Temporal Fuzzy Cognitive Map	7
A Framework for Constructing a Technology -Enhanced Education Metaverse: Learner Engagement With Human–Machine Collaboration	7
A Study on the Adoption of Virtual Reality in Industrial Design Education	7
Front Cover	7
A Feasible Study of a Deep Learning Model Supporting Human–Machine Collaborative Learning of Object-Oriented Programming	7
GAI Versus Teacher Scoring: Which is Better for Assessing Student Performance?	7
Predicting Student Performance in Future Exams via Neutrosophic Cognitive Diagnosis in Personalized E-Learning Environment	7
The Transition From Centralized Machine Learning to Federated Learning for Mental Health in Education: A Survey of Current Methods and Future Directions	7
Understanding Depth of Reflective Writing in Workplace Learning Assessments Using Machine Learning Classification	7
Automatic Evaluation of Instructional Videos Based on Video Features and Student Watching Experience	7
Front Cover	7
An Immersive Virtual Field Experience Structuring Method for Geoscience Education	7
A Qualitative Case Study on the Validation of Automatically Generated Multiple-Choice Questions From Science Textbooks	7
Implementing Artificial Intelligence in Physiotherapy Education: A Case Study on the Use of Large Language Models (LLM) to Enhance Feedback	7
Profiling Preschool Teachers' Readiness for AI-Enhanced Professional Development: A Diagnostic Framework Based on Digital Literacy	7
Integrating Blended Learning Behaviors via Multimodal Fusion for Student Performance Prediction	7
Editorial An Update and A Reflection on TLT's Year of 2023	7