IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies

Article	Citations
Cover 2	114
The Impact of Embedding Interactive Tasks in Augmented Reality Storybooks on Children's Reading Engagement and Reading Comprehension	56
Polarity in the Classroom: A Case Study Leveraging Peer Sentiment Toward Scalable Assessment	42
Learning to Reuse Distractors to Support Multiple-Choice Question Generation in Education	41
T-VLC: A Trust Model for Virtual Learning Communities	41
Automatic Learning Path Creation Using OER: A Systematic Literature Mapping	39
Educational Process Mining for Discovering Students' Problem-Solving Ability in Computer Programming Education	38
Using Augmented Reality to Improve Learning Efficacy in a Mechanical Assembly Course	36
Exploring the Use of Multiagent Systems in Educational Robotics Activities	31
Student Action Recognition for Improving Teacher Feedback During Tele-Education	27
Collaborative Programming for Work-Relevant Learning: Comparing Programming Practice With Example-Based Reflection for Student Learning and Transfer Task Performance	26
Capturing Movement: A Tablet App, Geometry Touch, for Recording Onscreen Finger-Based Gesture Data	25
iSnap: Evolution and Evaluation of a Data-Driven Hint System for Block-Based Programming	25
Investigating the Use of Deep Learning and Implicit Feedback in K12 Educational Recommender Systems	24
Cover 2	24
A Clustering-Based Computational Model to Group Students With Similar Programming Skills From Automatic Source Code Analysis Using Novel Features	24
Design of an Intelligent Agent to Measure Collaboration and Verbal-Communication Skills of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Collaborative Puzzle Games	23
Scaling and Adopting a Multimodal Learning Analytics Application in an Institution-Wide Setting	23
Front Cover	23
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies Publication Information	23
Serious Game Design in Health Education: A Systematic Review	22
Storytelling With Learner Data: Guiding Student Reflection on Multimodal Team Data	22
Collaborative Game-Based Environment and Assessment Tool for Learning Computational Thinking in Primary School: A Case Study	21
Development of Design Principles for AR Authoring Tools for Education Based on Teacher's Perspectives	21
Cosmic Sounds: A Game to Support Phonological Awareness Skills for Children With Dyslexia	21

Cover 2	20
Learning an Alternative Car-Following Technique to Avoid Congestion With an Instructional Driving Simulator	20
Educational Effects on the Transparency of Peer Participation Levels in Asynchronous Online Discussion Activities	20
Are you interested in Immersive Learning?	19
Toward Automatic Interpretation of Narrative Feedback in Competency-Based Portfolios	18
Block-Based Object-Oriented Programming	17
Assessing the Quality of Student-Generated Content at Scale: A Comparative Analysis of Peer-Review Models	16
Cover 2	16
The Game Effect: Comparison of Game and Nongame Learning Environments Using the Example of “Arctic Economy”	16
Smart Geometry Learning in Authentic Contexts with Personalization, Contextualization, and Socialization	15
Can Students With Dyslexia Learn Independently? A Seven-Week Study of Chinese Character Learning in an Informal Learning Environment	15
Literature Review on Co-Located Collaboration Modeling Using Multimodal Learning Analytics—Can We Go the Whole Nine Yards?	15
Table of Contents	15
Metaverse for Education: Technical Framework and Design Criteria	14
Exploring the Effectiveness of a SPOC Learning Analytics System Based on Attribution Theory: Evaluation Framework and Educational Experiment	14
Decoding Contextual Factors Differentiating Adolescents’ High, Average, and Low Digital Reading Performance Through Machine-Learning Methods	14
Modeling of Learning Processes Using Continuous-Time Markov Chain for Virtual-Reality-Based Surgical Training in Laparoscopic Surgery	14
Mining Sequential Learning Trajectories With Hidden Markov Models For Early Prediction of At-Risk Students in E-Learning Environments	14
How Learning Analytics Can Help Orchestration of Formative Assessment? Data-Driven Recommendations for Technology- Enhanced Learning	14
The Descriptive Features and Quantitative Aspects of Students’ Observed Online Learning: How Are They Related to Self-Reported Perceptions and Learning Outcomes?	14
The Three-Stage Hierarchical Logistic Model Controlling Personalized Playback of Audio Information for Intelligent Tutoring Systems	13
Sequential Behavior Analysis of Interdisciplinary Activities in Computational Thinking and EFL Learning With Game-Based Learning	13
How Well Can Tutoring Audio Be Autoclassified and Machine Explained With XAI: A Comparison of Three Types of Methods	13
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Accommodations Given to Students With Learning Impairments: Ordinal and Interpretable Machine-Learning-Based Methodology	13
3D-Printing Virtual Simulation Lab	13
Exploring ChatGPT's Ability to Classify the Structure of Literature Reviews in Engineering Research Articles	12
Enhancing Medical Training Through Learning From Mistakes by Interacting With an Ill-Trained Reinforcement Learning Agent	12
The Impact of Artificial General Intelligence-Assisted Project-Based Learning on Students’ Higher Order Thinking and Self-Efficacy	12
A Gamified Platform to Support Educational Activities About Fake News in Social Media	12
ChatGPT for Educational Purposes: Investigating the Impact of Knowledge Management Factors on Student Satisfaction and Continuous Usage	12
New Scenarios and Trends in Nontraditional Laboratories From 2000 to 2020	12
Embedding Test Questions in Educational Mobile Virtual Reality: A Study on Hospital Hygiene Procedures	12
Balancing Performance and Explainability in Academic Dropout Prediction	12
Impact of Gamified Learning Experience on Online Learning Effectiveness	12
A Diffusion-Based Cognitive Diagnosis Framework for Robust Learner Assessment	12
Assessing the Impact of Engagement and Real-Time Feedback in a Mobile Behavior Change Intervention for Supporting Critical Thinking in Engineering Research Projects	11
Attention Level Evaluation in Children With Autism: Leveraging Head Pose and Gaze Parameters From Videos for Educational Intervention	11
Goal Ontology for Personalized Learning and Its Implementation in Child's Health Self-Management Support	11
Comparing the Effects of Instructor Manual Feedback and ChatGPT Intelligent Feedback on Collaborative Programming in China's Higher Education	11
Early Prediction of Students’ Final Grades in a Gamified Course	10
Students' Online Laboratory Work Assessment Based on Learning Task Lists and Behavior Data	10
A Systematic Literature Review of Game-Based Assessment Studies: Trends and Challenges	10
Second Language Learning Through an Emergent Narrative in a Narrative-Rich Customizable Metaverse Platform	10
Extracting the Relationships Among Students Based on Accessing Pattern of Digital Learning Attributes	10
Pedagogical Interventions in SPOCs: Learning Behavior Dashboards and Knowledge Tracing Support Exercise Recommendation	10
Hybrid Models for Knowledge Tracing: A Systematic Literature Review	10
Leveraging Class Balancing Techniques to Alleviate Algorithmic Bias for Predictive Tasks in Education	10
Adaptive Immediate Feedback for Block-Based Programming: Design and Evaluation	10
Using ChatGPT for Science Learning: A Study on Pre-service Teachers' Lesson Planning	10
Adopting Coding in Early Childhood Education: Teachers’ Perspectives	10

Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality Content Using 360-Degree Videos in Undergraduate Education	9
Collaborative Virtual Reality in Higher Education: Students' Perceptions on Presence, Challenges, Affordances, and Potential	9
A Tutorial-Generating Method for Autonomous Online Learning	9
A Collaborative Virtual Reality Flight Simulator: Efficacy, Challenges and Potential	9
Tools Designed to Support Self-Regulated Learning in Online Learning Environments: A Systematic Review	9
Early Prediction of Students at Risk of Failing a Face-to-Face Course in Power Electronic Systems	9
Investigating Culture and Resource-Sensitive Technology-Enabled Learning	9
An Approach to Group Formation in Collaborative Learning Using Learning Paths in Learning Management Systems	9
On Using Conversational Frameworks to Support Natural Language Interaction in Intelligent Tutoring Systems	9
Homogeneous Group Formation in Collaborative Learning Scenarios: An Approach Based on Personality Traits and Genetic Algorithms	9
AestheNet: Revolutionizing Aesthetic Perception Diagnosis in Education With Hybrid Deep Nets	9
LearnEval Peer Assessment Platform: Iterative Development Process and Evaluation	9
Front Cover	8
AI-Based Diagnostic Assessment System: Integrated With Knowledge Map in MOOCs	8
Vocational Training With Microlearning—How Low-Immersive 360-Degree Learning Environments Support Work-Process-Integrated Learning	8
Predicting Students’ Difficulties From a Piece of Code	8
A Petri-Net-Based Approach for Enhancing Clinical Reasoning in Medical Education	8
A Novel Tangible Interaction Authoring Tool for Creating Educational Activities: Analysis of Its Acceptance by Educators	8
Using Process Mining to Analyze Time Distribution of Self-Assessment and Formative Assessment Exercises on an Online Learning Tool	8
Architecting Analytics Across Multiple E-Learning Systems to Enhance Learning Design	7
A Virtual Reality Training System for Automotive Engines Assembly and Disassembly	7
IEEE EDUCATION SOCIETY	7
Fostering Balanced Contributions Among Children Through Dialogue Visualization	7
Front Cover	7
Front Cover	7
Table of Contents	7
IEEE EDUCATION SOCIETY	7
Immersive Learning Frameworks: A Systematic Literature Review	7
Video-Based Learning Recommender Systems: A Systematic Literature Review	7
Front Cover	7
Automating the Evaluation of Education Apps With App Store Data	6
Serious Video Games for Agricultural Learning: Scoping Review	6
Student Perceptions of ChatGPT Use in a College Essay Assignment: Implications for Learning, Grading, and Trust in Artificial Intelligence	6
Addressing Student Fatigue in Computer Architecture Courses	6
An Infrastructure to Deliver Synchronous Remote Programming Labs	6
IEEE Education Society Information	6
Engaging Students in Distance Learning of Science With Remote Labs 2.0	6
The Extent of AI Applications in EFL Learning and Teaching	6
Cover 2	6
Xiao-Shih: A Self-Enriched Question Answering Bot With Machine Learning on Chinese-Based MOOCs	6
Exploring Intergenerational Interactions Through an Online Storytelling Experience	6
Characteristic Behaviors of Elementary Students in a Low Attention State During Online Learning Identified Using Electroencephalography	6
MOCA: A Motivational Online Conversational Agent for Improving Student Engagement in Collaborative Learning	6
Multisource Soft Labeling and Hard Negative Sampling for Retrieval Distractor Ranking	6
Automatically Difficulty Grading Method for English Reading Corpus With Multifeature Embedding Based on a Pretrained Language Model	6
Past, Present, and Future of TLT's Journey in Publishing	6
The Impact of Integrating an Intelligent Personal Assistant (IPA) on Secondary School Physics Students’ Scientific Inquiry Skills	6
Personalization in Graphically Rich E-Learning Environments for K-6 Mathematics	6
HSVRS: A Virtual Reality System of the Hide-and-Seek Game to Enhance Gaze Fixation Ability for Autistic Children	5
Are You Still There? An Exploratory Case Study on Estimating Students’ LMS Online Time by Combining Log Files and Screen Recordings	5
Toward Human–AI Collaboration: A Recommender System to Support CS1 Instructors to Select Problems for Assignments and Exams	5
A General Purpose Anomaly-Based Method for Detecting Cheaters in Online Courses	5
Should Learning Analytics Models Include Sensitive Attributes? Explaining the Why	5
Gamification Intensity in Web-Based Virtual Training Environments and Its Effect on Learning	5
Portable Joint Attention Skill Training Platform for Children With Autism	5
Ardosia: Simulating Circuits and Robotic Systems in a Single Learning Platform	5
A Competition-Oriented Student Team Building Method	5
Learning Style Identification Using Semisupervised Self-Taught Labeling	5
Metaverse in Education: Contributors, Cooperations, and Research Themes	5
Engaging Online Learners in Blended Synchronous Learning: A Systematic Literature Review	5
Development of an Intelligent Tutoring System That Assesses Internal Visualization Skills in Engineering Using Multimodal Triangulation	5
Data-Driven Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Comprehensive Review	5
Generation of Multiple-Choice Questions From Textbook Contents of School-Level Subjects	5
A Tool to Support Students-to-Teacher Feedback in Asynchronous Online Contexts	5
Corrections to “A Tutorial-Generating Method for Autonomous Online Learning”	5
A Web-Based Educational System for Teaching Compilers	5
Robobo SmartCity: An Autonomous Driving Model for Computational Intelligence Learning Through Educational Robotics	5
Can Underprivileged Children Learn Effectively at Home? A Six-Month Study of Game-Based Traditional Chinese Learning During the Pandemic Lockdown	5
Knowledge-Graph-Driven Mind Mapping for Immersive Collaborative Learning: A Pilot Study in Edu-Metaverse	5
Introducing Algorithmic Thinking and Sequencing Using Tangible Robots	5
Experimenting With Soft Robotics in Education: A Systematic Literature Review From 2006 to 2022	5
Exploring the Answering Capability of Large Language Models in Addressing Complex Knowledge in Entrepreneurship Education	5
A Literature Review of Physiological-Based Mobile Educational Systems	5
Design and Evaluation of a Set of Methodological Strategies for Learning a Second Language in Students With Down Syndrome Using Computer-Based Instruction	5
Developing and Usability Testing of an Augmented Reality Tool for Online Engineering Education	5
Effects of Using Immersive Virtual Reality for Science Education on Learning Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study	4
Automated Essay Scoring and Revising Based on Open-Source Large Language Models	4
Exploring Manifestations of Learners’ Self-Regulated Tactics and Strategies Across Blended Learning Courses	4
Measuring Cognitive Load in Virtual Reality Training via Pupillometry	4
A Modular Serious Game Development Framework for Virtual Laboratory Courses	4

Effectiveness of Customized Exergames to Improve Postural Control in High School Physical Education	4
Adaptive Learning Support System Based on Automatic Recommendation of Personalized Review Materials	4
Kung Fu Metaverse: A Movement Guidance Training System	4
Designing Hybrid Human–AI Orchestration Tools for Individual and Collaborative Activities: A Technology Probe Study	4
Table of Contents	4
Reimagining STEM Learning: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Service Learning Approaches for Social Entrepreneurship	4
Measuring the Effectiveness of Learning Economic Principles in a Sustainable Entrepreneurship Game-Based Setting: A Bootstrapping Approach	4
Exploring EFL Learners’ Integration and Perceptions of ChatGPT's Text Revisions: A Three-Stage Writing Task Study	4
WebART: Web-Based Augmented Reality Learning Resources Authoring Tool and Its User Experience Study Among Teachers	4
Editorial Preface: New Leadership New Era	4
How Can Self-Evaluation and Self-Efficacy Skills of Young Learners be Scaffolded in a Web Application?	4
The Effects of the Badminton Teaching-Assisted System Using Electromyography and Gyroscope on Learners' Badminton Skills	4
Development of a Computer-Aided Education System Inspired by Face-to-Face Learning by Incorporating EEG-Based Neurofeedback Into Online Video Lectures	4
Forecasting Gender in Open Education Competencies: A Machine Learning Approach	4
Embedding Educational Narrative Scripts in a Social Media Environment	4
Intelligent Retrieval and Comprehension of Entrepreneurship Education Resources Based on Semantic Summarization of Knowledge Graphs	4
IEEE Education Society Information	4
Assessing Learner Facilitation in MOOC Forums: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Study	4
Blended Laboratory Design Using Raspberry Pi Pico for Digital Circuits and Systems	4
Optimizing Automatic Text Classification Approach in Adaptive Online Collaborative Discussion–A Perspective of Attention Mechanism-Based Bi-LSTM	4
Multivariate Knowledge Tracking Based on Graph Neural Network in ASSISTments	4
Front Cover	3
Computational Learning Analytics to Estimate Location-Based Self-Regulation Process of Real-World Experiences	3
Seamless Crime Scene Reconstruction in Mixed Reality for Investigation Training: A Design and Evaluation Study	3
FERN: Fair Team Formation for Mutually Beneficial Collaborative Learning	3
Design and Implementation of the Reliable Learning Style Recognition Mechanism Based on Fusion Labels and Ensemble Classification	3
Improving Ray Tracing Understanding With Immersive Environments	3
Using a Chatbot to Provide Formative Feedback: A Longitudinal Study of Intrinsic Motivation, Cognitive Load, and Learning Performance	3
Reputation Systems Impact on Help Seeking in MOOC Discussion Forums	3
Table of Contents	3
IEEE Education Society Information	3
An Innovative Strategy to Anticipate Students’ Cheating: The Development of Automatic Essay Assessment on the “MoLearn” Learning Management System	3
Robotics in the Context of Primary and Preschool Education: A Scoping Review	3
Toward Embedding Robotics in Learning Environments With Support to Teachers: The IDEE Experience	3
EQGG: Automatic Question Group Generation	3
Automatic Short-Answer Grading via BERT-Based Deep Neural Networks	3
Applying Smart Glasses in Situated Exploration for Learning English in a National Science Museum	3
Probeware for the Modern Era: IoT Dataflow System Design for Secondary Classrooms	3
Modeling Student Performance Using Feature Crosses Information for Knowledge Tracing	3
Effects of an Ambient Learning Display on Noise Levels and Perceived Learning in a Secondary School	3
IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies	3
A High-Quality Generation Approach for Educational Programming Projects Using LLM	3
Front Cover	3
Open Remote Web Lab for Learning Robotics and ROS With Physical and Simulated Robots in an Authentic Developer Environment	3
Embeddings for Automatic Short Answer Grading: A Scoping Review	3
AssignmentWatch: An Automated Detection and Alert Tool for Reducing Academic Misconduct Associated With File-Sharing Websites	3
A Journey to Identify Users' Classification Strategies to Customize Game-Based and Gamified Learning Environments	3
Multisensory Interaction and Analytics to Enhance Smart Learning Environments: A Systematic Literature Review	3
Audio Augmented Reality in Smart Learning Environments	3
Controller Effect in Online Laboratories—An Overview	3
Improving Learning Environments: Avoiding Stupidity Perspective	3
A Framework for Designing Student-Facing Learning Analytics to Support Self-Regulated Learning	3
Stable Knowledge Tracing Using Causal Inference	3
Leveraging Semantic Facets for Automatic Assessment of Short Free Text Answers	3
Analysis and Prediction of Students' Performance in a Computer-Based Course Through Real-Time Events	3
Hybrid Maximum Clique Algorithm Using Parallel Integer Programming for Uniform Test Assembly	3
Audio Instructional Design Best Practices for an Enhanced Learning Experience. A Mixed Holistic-Systematic Mapping Study	3
Can Edu-Metaverse Reshape Virtual Teaching Community (VTC) to Promote Educational Equity? An Exploratory Study	3
Framing Professional Learning Analytics as Reframing Oneself	3
Analytic Study for Predictor Development on Student Participation in Generic Competence Development Activities Based on Academic Performance	3
A Data-Driven Approach for the Identification of Features for Automated Feedback on Academic Essays	3
Preserving Both Privacy and Utility in Learning Analytics	3
Assessment of Kinematic and Kinetic Attributes of Graphic Execution of Children With Autism and Typically Developing Children Using a Digitized Platform	3
Automated Educative Nudges to Reduce Missed Assignments in College	2
Perception Engineering Learning With Virtual Reality	2
An AI-based Approach for Grading Students’ Collaboration	2
Designing Social Robot for Adults Using Self-Determination Theory and AI Technologies	2
Educational Escape Rooms Are Effective Learning Activities Across Educational Levels and Contexts: A Meta-Analysis	2
From the Acting Editor-in-Chief	2
Table of Contents	2
Modeling of Online Learners’ Sentiments About Multigranularity Knowledge	2
Integration of Prediction Scores From Various Automated Essay Scoring Models Using Item Response Theory	2
HGCR: A Heterogeneous Graph-Enhanced Interactive Course Recommendation Scheme for Online Learning	2
Educational Sequence Mining for Dropout Prediction in MOOCs: Model Building, Evaluation, and Benchmarking	2
Introducing Massive Open Metaverse Course and Its Enabling Technology	2
Promoting Computational Thinking Skills in Non-Computer-Science Students: Gamifying Computational Notebooks to Increase Student Engagement	2
edCrumble, a Data-Enriched Visual Authoring Design Tool for Blended Learning	2
Theory-Driven Design in Metaverse Virtual Reality Learning Environments: Two Illustrative Cases	2
Designing and Evaluating an Interactive Learning Technology to Foster Privacy Literacy	2
IEEE EDUCATION SOCIETY	2
Learning Automated Essay Scoring Models Using Item-Response-Theory-Based Scores to Decrease Effects of Rater Biases	2
An Immersive Virtual Field Experience Structuring Method for Geoscience Education	2
Predicting Student Engagement Using Sequential Ensemble Model	2
PQSCT: Pseudo-Siamese BERT for Concept Tagging With Both Questions and Solutions	2
Developing “Learningverse”—A 3-D Metaverse Platform to Support Teaching, Social, and Cognitive Presences	2
The Impact of Game Elements on Learner Motivation: Influence of Initial Motivation and Player Profile	2
Bring the Intelligent Tutoring Robots to Education: A Systematic Literature Review	2
Developing an E-Learning Platform Capable of Being Aware of Self-Regulated Learning Behaviors of Role Models	2
Leveraging Extended Reality for Autistic Individuals: A Scoping Review of Technical Features and Technology Affordances	2
Guest Editorial The Metaverse and the Future of Education	2
Table of Contents	2
Extended Reality as a Training Approach for Visual Real-Time Feedback in Golf	2
XR Vest: A Novel System for Demonstration-Based Learning of Safety Skills	2
Fifteen Years of Metaverse in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review	2
Leveraging Multicriteria Integer Programming Optimization for Effective Team Formation	2