PLoS ONE

Article	Citations
Persistent fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and independent of severity of initial infection	648
Psychological impacts from COVID-19 among university students: Risk factors across seven states in the United States	497
Loneliness in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional results from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study	490
COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy: A longitudinal study	435
Prognostic factors for severity and mortality in patients infected with COVID-19: A systematic review	413
Post-COVID-19 syndrome among symptomatic COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort study in a tertiary care center of Bangladesh	407
Population risk factors for severe disease and mortality in COVID-19: A global systematic review and meta-analysis	398
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education: Medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding electronic learning	395
False-negative results of initial RT-PCR assays for COVID-19: A systematic review	393
The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on mental health of undergraduate students in New Jersey, cross-sectional study	380
Influence of COVID-19 confinement on students’ performance in higher education	374
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health: An international study	357
Partisanship, health behavior, and policy attitudes in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic	351
Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens: A systematic review and meta-analysis	347
Why the COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic stressor	319
COVID-19 vaccine rumors and conspiracy theories: The need for cognitive inoculation against misinformation to improve vaccine adherence	318
An empirical survey of data augmentation for time series classification with neural networks	315
Who is wearing a mask? Gender-, age-, and location-related differences during the COVID-19 pandemic	310
The Covid-19 pandemic and mental health of first-year college students: Examining the effect of Covid-19 stressors using longitudinal data	308
Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis	307
Acceptance and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional study from Jordan	304
Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid turnaround global survey	295
SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels	292
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health of Asians: A study of seven middle-income countries in Asia	290
Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data	285

Sequencing DNA with nanopores: Troubles and biases	273
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh: An online-based cross-sectional study	270
Effects of temperature and humidity on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic review	269
Barriers and facilitators of adherence to social distancing recommendations during COVID-19 among a large international sample of adults	269
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance: Correlates in a nationally representative longitudinal survey of the Australian population	264
Factors associated with psychological distress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the predominantly general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis	258
Clinical and analytical validation of FoundationOne Liquid CDx, a novel 324-Gene cfDNA-based comprehensive genomic profiling assay for cancers of solid tumor origin	255
Proportion of asymptomatic infection among COVID-19 positive persons and their transmission potential: A systematic review and meta-analysis	249
SRplot: A free online platform for data visualization and graphing	247
Anxiety, depression, stress, fear and social support during COVID-19 pandemic among Jordanian healthcare workers	246
Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review	242
Determinants of burnout and other aspects of psychological well-being in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional study	242
Psychological distress, anxiety, family violence, suicidality, and wellbeing in New Zealand during the COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study	238
Persistence of symptoms and quality of life at 35 days after hospitalization for COVID-19 infection	232
Data quality in online human-subjects research: Comparisons between MTurk, Prolific, CloudResearch, Qualtrics, and SONA	228
Job loss and mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown: Evidence from South Africa	223
Is older age associated with COVID-19 mortality in the absence of other risk factors? General population cohort study of 470,034 participants	212
Red seaweed (Asparagopsis taxiformis) supplementation reduces enteric methane by over 80 percent in beef steers	210
The anti-vaccination infodemic on social media: A behavioral analysis	207
The experiences, challenges, and acceptance of e-learning as a tool for teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic among university medical staff	207
Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study	206
A performance comparison of supervised machine learning models for Covid-19 tweets sentiment analysis	206
Application of local fully Convolutional Neural Network combined with YOLO v5 algorithm in small target detection of remote sensing image	205
The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on public transit demand in the United States	205
Vitamin D sufficiency, a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at least 30 ng/mL reduced risk for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection	203
Gender differences in perceived stress and coping among college students	202
Public discourse and sentiment during the COVID 19 pandemic: Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation for topic modeling on Twitter	197
Burden of post-COVID-19 syndrome and implications for healthcare service planning: A population-based cohort study	196
COVID-19 cognitive deficits after respiratory assistance in the subacute phase: A COVID-rehabilitation unit experience	191
The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey in the UK	191
Spreading of COVID-19: Density matters	190
Global seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: A systematic review and meta-analysis	187
COVID-19 and mental health deterioration by ethnicity and gender in the UK	187
Predictors of in-hospital COVID-19 mortality: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis exploring differences by age, sex and health conditions	183
Prevalence of underlying diseases in died cases of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	181
The importance of urban natural areas and urban ecosystem services during the COVID-19 pandemic	179
Interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness during COVID-19 physical distancing measures: A rapid systematic review	176
Reproductive number of coronavirus: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on global level evidence	175
Negative attitudes about facemasks during the COVID-19 pandemic: The dual importance of perceived ineffectiveness and psychological reactance	174
Mask usage, social distancing, racial, and gender correlates of COVID-19 vaccine intentions among adults in the US	174
Face masks reduce emotion-recognition accuracy and perceived closeness	172
Twitter reveals human mobility dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic	171
Willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among Bangladeshi adults: Understanding the strategies to optimize vaccination coverage	170
First and second waves of coronavirus disease-19: A comparative study in hospitalized patients in Reus, Spain	169
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mobility in ten countries and associated perceived risk for all transport modes	167
Sex differences in susceptibility, severity, and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019: Cross-sectional analysis from a diverse US metropolitan area	166
Prevalence and predictors of death and severe disease in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 77 studies and 38,000 patients	165
Association of poor housing conditions with COVID-19 incidence and mortality across US counties	165
A cross-national study of factors associated with women’s perinatal mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic	164
Relationship quality and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown	164

Pneumonia detection in chest X-ray images using an ensemble of deep learning models	164
What do we know about SARS-CoV-2 transmission? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the secondary attack rate and associated risk factors	163
Framing COVID-19: How we conceptualize and discuss the pandemic on Twitter	163
COVID-SCORE: A global survey to assess public perceptions of government responses to COVID-19 (COVID-SCORE-10)	161
Gender differences in unpaid care work and psychological distress in the UK Covid-19 lockdown	160
Nationwide incidence of sarcomas and connective tissue tumors of intermediate malignancy over four years using an expert pathology review network	159
PTSD symptoms among health workers and public service providers during the COVID-19 outbreak	158
Validation of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS)	158
Association of body mass index with health care expenditures in the United States by age and sex	157
Disentangling primer interactions improves SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing by multiplex tiling PCR	157
Disadvantages in preparing and publishing scientific papers caused by the dominance of the English language in science: The case of Colombian researchers in biological sciences	157
Trust predicts COVID-19 prescribed and discretionary behavioral intentions in 23 countries	155
Psychological factors and consumer behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic	153
Impact of Covid-19 on health-related quality of life of patients: A structured review	153
Business disruptions from social distancing	153
COVID-19 ICU and mechanical ventilation patient characteristics and outcomes—A systematic review and meta-analysis	152
Achieving the 95 95 95 targets for all: A pathway to ending AIDS	150
Does the COVID-19 pandemic impact parents’ and adolescents’ well-being? An EMA-study on daily affect and parenting	147
An observational study of engineering online education during the COVID-19 pandemic	147
The incidence, characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women hospitalized with symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK from March to September 2020: A national cohort study using	145
Characteristics and impact of Long Covid: Findings from an online survey	144
Study on the effect of digital economy on high-quality economic development in China	144
Psychological impacts of “screen time” and “green time” for children and adolescents: A systematic scoping review	144
Tracking R of COVID-19: A new real-time estimation using the Kalman filter	143
Clinical and analytical validation of FoundationOne®CDx, a comprehensive genomic profiling assay for solid tumors	143
College students’ stress and health in the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of academic workload, separation from school, and fears of contagion	142
Magnitude of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases throughout the course of infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis	142
Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on tourist travel risk and management perceptions	139
Male gender is a predictor of higher mortality in hospitalized adults with COVID-19	137
Residual clinical damage after COVID-19: A retrospective and prospective observational cohort study	134
‘Intelligent’ lockdown, intelligent effects? Results from a survey on gender (in)equality in paid work, the division of childcare and household work, and quality of life among parents in the Netherlan	133
Human IgG and IgA responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines	131
Excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic among Californians 18–65 years of age, by occupational sector and occupation: March through November 2020	131
Gender gap in journal submissions and peer review during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A study on 2329 Elsevier journals	130
Population density and basic reproductive number of COVID-19 across United States counties	130
Review of machine learning methods in soft robotics	129
Knowledge, attitudes, and fear of COVID-19 during the Rapid Rise Period in Bangladesh	129
Serum-IgG responses to SARS-CoV-2 after mild and severe COVID-19 infection and analysis of IgG non-responders	129
Dexamethasone vs methylprednisolone high dose for Covid-19 pneumonia	128
Clinical determinants of the severity of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	127
Transmissibility of COVID-19 depends on the viral load around onset in adult and symptomatic patients	126
Resting state EEG biomarkers of cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment	126
Non-COVID-19 patients in times of pandemic: Emergency department visits, hospitalizations and cause-specific mortality in Northern Italy	126
A growing plastic smog, now estimated to be over 170 trillion plastic particles afloat in the world’s oceans—Urgent solutions required	126
Factors affecting mental health of health care workers during coronavirus disease outbreaks (SARS, MERS & COVID-19): A rapid systematic review	125
Altered smell and taste: Anosmia, parosmia and the impact of long Covid-19	125
The nexus between environmental tax and carbon emissions with the roles of environmental technology and financial development	124
D-dimer as a biomarker for assessment of COVID-19 prognosis: D-dimer levels on admission and its role in predicting disease outcome in hospitalized patients with COVID-19	123
Factors associated with disease severity and mortality among patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	122
Cognitive and mental health changes and their vulnerability factors related to COVID-19 lockdown in Italy	121
Psychological responses during the COVID-19 outbreak among university students in Bangladesh	121
Development of ACE2 autoantibodies after SARS-CoV-2 infection	121
The impact of COVID-19 on hospital admissions and emergency department visits: A population-based study	120
COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Beliefs among Black and Hispanic Americans	120
Detection and characterization of fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum) causing wheat blast disease on rain-fed grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Zambia	119
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs and cats of humans diagnosed with COVID-19 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	119
Impact of COVID-19 on mental health and quality of life: Is there any effect? A cross-sectional study of the MENA region	119
Risk factors and protective factors of depression in older people 65+. A systematic review	118
Sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors among older Chinese population: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study	117
COVID-19 mortality risk assessment: An international multi-center study	116
Characteristics of gut microbiota in people with obesity	116
Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats	116
Individual determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy	116
Social anxiety in young people: A prevalence study in seven countries	114
Student’s experiences with online teaching following COVID-19 lockdown: A mixed methods explorative study	113
Oxygen saturation as a predictor of mortality in hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 in a public hospital in Lima, Peru	110
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientific research in the life sciences	110
The effects of PEGylation on LNP based mRNA delivery to the eye	109
Potential factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy: A systematic review	109
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in a non-hospitalized cohort: Results from the Arizona CoVHORT	108
Depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in Brazilian university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Predictors and association with life satisfaction, psychological well-being and coping strategies	108
Minority stress, distress, and suicide attempts in three cohorts of sexual minority adults: A U.S. probability sample	108
COVID-19 and human-nature relationships: Vermonters’ activities in nature and associated nonmaterial values during the pandemic	108
Biomarkers of cytokine storm as red flags for severe and fatal COVID-19 cases: A living systematic review and meta-analysis	108
T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review	107
Fracture incidence in adults in relation to age and gender: A study of 27,169 fractures in the Swedish Fracture Register in a well-defined catchment area	106
Ocular surface manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis	106
Subjective caregiver burden and anxiety in informal caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis	105
The human microbiome and COVID-19: A systematic review	105
Using social media influencers to increase knowledge and positive attitudes toward the flu vaccine	105

Analyzing changes in respiratory rate to predict the risk of COVID-19 infection	104
High throughput detection and genetic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 using COVIDSeq next-generation sequencing	104
Examining the effect of information channel on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance	104
Using AlphaFold to predict the impact of single mutations on protein stability and function	104
Predictors of mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic in the US: Role of economic concerns, health worries and social distancing	104
Mitigating infodemics: The relationship between news exposure and trust and belief in COVID-19 fake news and social media spreading	103
Why do people spread false information online? The effects of message and viewer characteristics on self-reported likelihood of sharing social media disinformation	103
Socio-ecological predictors of mental health outcomes among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States	102
eDNA metabarcoding as a biomonitoring tool for marine protected areas	102
C-Reactive protein as a prognostic indicator in hospitalized patients with COVID-19	101
The worldwide burden of HIV in transgender individuals: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis	101
Congenital Zika syndrome: A systematic review	101
Anxiety and depression symptoms, the recovery from symptoms, and loneliness before and after the COVID-19 outbreak among the general population: Findings from a Dutch population-based longitudinal stu	101
Social determinants of COVID-19 incidence and outcomes: A rapid review	101
Human mobility trends during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States	100
The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents: A systematic review	99
In science we (should) trust: Expectations and compliance across nine countries during the COVID-19 pandemic	99
Healthcare worker stress, anxiety and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore: A 6-month multi-centre prospective study	99
Ecological momentary interventions for mental health: A scoping review	98
Establishment of a well-characterized SARS-CoV-2 lentiviral pseudovirus neutralization assay using 293T cells with stable expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2	98
The propagation of economic impacts through supply chains: The case of a mega-city lockdown to prevent the spread of COVID-19	98
Mask adherence and rate of COVID-19 across the United States	98
Urban-rural differences in COVID-19 exposures and outcomes in the South: A preliminary analysis of South Carolina	98
Financial stress and depression in adults: A systematic review	97
Social distancing in response to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United States	97
Racial and ethnic differentials in COVID-19-related job exposures by occupational standing in the US	97
Government responses and COVID-19 deaths: Global evidence across multiple pandemic waves	97
The Japanese version of the Fear of COVID-19 scale: Reliability, validity, and relation to coping behavior	97
Reduction in hospitalised COPD exacerbations during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis	96
Social media exposure, risk perception, preventive behaviors and attitudes during the COVID-19 epidemic in La Paz, Bolivia: A cross sectional study	96
Deep learning via LSTM models for COVID-19 infection forecasting in India	96
In-hospital mortality from severe COVID-19 in a tertiary care center in Mexico City; causes of death, risk factors and the impact of hospital saturation	96
Regional responsibility and coordination of appropriate inpatient care capacities for patients with COVID-19 – the German DISPENSE model	96
Access to gender-affirming hormones during adolescence and mental health outcomes among transgender adults	96
The differential impact of pediatric COVID-19 between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of fatality and ICU admission in children worldwide	96
Gamification as an approach to improve resilience and reduce attrition in mobile mental health interventions: A randomized controlled trial	95
Knowledge, acceptance and perception on COVID-19 vaccine among Malaysians: A web-based survey	95
Fragile heroes. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-care workers in Italy	95
Public parks and the pandemic: How park usage has been affected by COVID-19 policies	95
ICU outcomes and survival in patients with severe COVID-19 in the largest health care system in central Florida	95
Prevalence of questionable research practices, research misconduct and their potential explanatory factors: A survey among academic researchers in The Netherlands	95
Potential bioactive glycosylated flavonoids as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors: A molecular docking and simulation studies	95
University students’ strategies of coping with stress during the coronavirus pandemic: Data from Poland	94
Assessing concerns for the economic consequence of the COVID-19 response and mental health problems associated with economic vulnerability and negative economic shock in Italy, Spain, and the United K	94
Public perceptions of conflicting information surrounding COVID-19: Results from a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults	94
Multi-strain probiotics (Hexbio) containing MCP BCMC strains improved constipation and gut motility in Parkinson’s disease: A randomised controlled trial	93
Detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 by droplet digital PCR in real-time PCR negative nasopharyngeal swabs from suspected COVID-19 patients	93
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult population in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis	93
Diagnostic accuracy of two commercial SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid tests at the point of care in community-based testing centers	93
Crop yield prediction integrating genotype and weather variables using deep learning	93
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles elicited agro-morphological and physicochemical modifications in wheat plants to control Bipolaris sorokiniana	92
Trust and transparency in times of crisis: Results from an online survey during the first wave (April 2020) of the COVID-19 epidemic in the UK	92
COVID-19 vaccines and mental distress	92
Children’s emotion inferences from masked faces: Implications for social interactions during COVID-19	92
Behavioral measures to fight COVID-19: An 8-country study of perceived usefulness, adherence and their predictors	91
Predicting student satisfaction of emergency remote learning in higher education during COVID-19 using machine learning techniques	91
CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutagenesis of OsERA1 confers enhanced responses to abscisic acid and drought stress and increased primary root growth under nonstressed conditions in rice	91
Wearing a face mask against Covid-19 results in a reduction of social distancing	91
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 among university students in Japan and associated factors: An online cross-sectional survey	91
Attitudes on voluntary and mandatory vaccination against COVID-19: Evidence from Germany	90
The unequal impact of the coronavirus pandemic: Evidence from seventeen developing countries	90
Differences in risk perception, knowledge and protective behaviour regarding COVID-19 by education level among women and men in Germany. Results from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) study	90
The False positive problem of automatic bot detection in social science research	90
Academic student satisfaction and perceived performance in the e-learning environment during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence across ten countries	89
Promoting youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study	89
Global economic impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures stand out in high-frequency shipping data	89
Accuracy of online symptom checkers and the potential impact on service utilisation	88
The Global Health Security Index is not predictive of coronavirus pandemic responses among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries	88
Don’t put all social network sites in one basket: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, and their relations with well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic	87
Human-animal relationships and interactions during the Covid-19 lockdown phase in the UK: Investigating links with mental health and loneliness	87
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle, mental health, and quality of life of adults in South Korea	87
COVID-19 misinformation: Mere harmless delusions or much more? A knowledge and attitude cross-sectional study among the general public residing in Jordan	86
Directions in abusive language training data, a systematic review: Garbage in, garbage out	86
An efficient mixture of deep and machine learning models for COVID-19 diagnosis in chest X-ray images	86
Biochemical screening for SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors	86
A systematic review and meta-analysis of victimisation and mental health prevalence among LGBTQ+ young people with experiences of self-harm and suicide	85
Domestic laundry and microfiber pollution: Exploring fiber shedding from consumer apparel textiles	85
Medical education in times of COVID-19: German students’ expectations – A cross-sectional study	85
How medical education survives and evolves during COVID-19: Our experience and future direction	85
Wastewater treatment alters microbial colonization of microplastics	85
Stay-at-home orders associate with subsequent decreases in COVID-19 cases and fatalities in the United States	85
Healthchain: A novel framework on privacy preservation of electronic health records using blockchain technology	85
Medical disinformation and the unviable nature of COVID-19 conspiracy theories	85
Prevalence of loneliness amongst older people in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis	84
Rapid assessment of psychological and epidemiological correlates of COVID-19 concern, financial strain, and health-related behavior change in a large online sample	84
COVID-19 sentiment analysis via deep learning during the rise of novel cases	84
A daily diary study on adolescents’ mood, empathy, and prosocial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic	84
How does age affect personal and social reactions to COVID-19: Results from the national Understanding America Study	84
Proteins associated with neutrophil degranulation are upregulated in nasopharyngeal swabs from SARS-CoV-2 patients	83
Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perceived risk about COVID-19 vaccine and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Bangladesh	83
The h-index is no longer an effective correlate of scientific reputation	83
The adoption of cryptocurrency as a disruptive force: Deep learning-based dual stage structural equation modelling and artificial neural network analysis	83
An unbiased template of the Drosophila brain and ventral nerve cord	83
City size and the spreading of COVID-19 in Brazil	83
Deep-learning based detection of COVID-19 using lung ultrasound imagery	83