OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Virtual and Physical Prototyping is 15. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2022-01-01 to 2026-01-01.)

Article	Citations
Laser powder bed fusion processing of Cu-Invar continuous gradient alloys with controllable thermal-mechanical properties	276
Post-heat treatment of laser powder bed fusion Al-Mn-Sc alloy: synergetic enhancement of mechanical property and corrosion resistance	139
Lightweight porous support structure design for additive manufacturing via knowledge-based bio-inspired volume generation and lattice configuration	135
Smart-substrate: a novel structural design to avert residual stress accretion in directed energy deposition additive manufacturing	107
4D printed shape memory alloy binary bits for unconventional information processing	95
A part-level simulation method considering thermal-mechanical contact between multiple filaments for material extrusion processes	81
Ionic substitution through bredigite doping for microstructure and performance adjustment in DLP 3D-printed TPMS porous HA bone scaffolds	80
Laser-based directed energy deposition of Monel K-500 and Stellite 6 multi-materials	74
Regulating mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion manufactured CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy using oversaturated boron doping	72
Flexible bio-composites with continuous natural fibre and bamboo charcoal: enhanced flame retardancy, mechanical resilience, energy-absorbing & printability performance	70
Additive manufacturing of high-performance aluminium nitride ceramics using high solid loading and low viscosity slurry	69
Recent advances in 3D bioprinting of tissues and organs for transplantation and drug screening	68
Machine learning enabled 3D printing parameter settings for desired mechanical properties	67
Wire-arc directed energy deposition of metal using a tendon-driven soft robotic gun: prototyping and conceptual validation	65
Autonomous intelligent additive manufacturing of continuous fiber-reinforced composites: data-enhanced knowledgebase and multi-sensor fusion	61
A spiral laser scanning routine for powder bed fusion inspired by natural predator-prey behaviour	60
Sc/Zr microalloying on strength-corrosion performance synergy of wire-arc directed energy deposited Al-Mg	59
Exploration on mechanical response mechanism of laser melting deposited TiB _W /Ti–6Al–4V via in situ characterisation technology	58
Study on the fabrication and mechanical properties of SiC _p /SiC gradient lattice structure based on selective laser sintering technology	58
Non-professional phagocytosis of senescent cancer cells revealed in a 3D-bioprinted model of an irradiated lung tumour	54
0-to-270° wide pattern reconfigurable antenna using 3D-Printed single quasi-yagi antenna with shape memory hinge	53
Healing cracks in additively manufactured NiTi shape memory alloys	51
Mass transport and porous structure evolution during solvent debinding of additively manufactured stainless steel	51
Microstructure homogenization and strength-ductility synergy improvement of the hybrid additive manufactured dual-phase titanium alloy by sub-critical annealing	49
Auto-support: traction force constrained support structures optimization for bottom-up vat photopolymerization	49

Direct wire writing technique benefitting the flexible electronics	48
Prediction of low-cycle fatigue properties of additive manufactured IN718 by crystal plasticity modelling incorporating effects from crystallographic orientations and defects	47
Interlayer laser cladding SiC regulates microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V arc-directed energy deposited components	46
From semisolid metal processing to thixotropic 3D printing of metallic alloys	45
Additively manufactured metamaterials for acoustic absorption: a review	45
Multifunctional and multimaterial contact lenses: tailored solutions for tunable color filtering and tear pH sensing	44
4D printing of shape-programmable polymer-derived ceramics via two-stage folding-assisted pyrolysis strategy	44
Study on powder particle behavior in powder spreading with discrete element method and its critical implications for binder jetting additive manufacturing processes	43
Improved strength-ductility synergy of directed energy deposited AZ31 magnesium alloy with cryogenic cooling mode	43
Sustainable product design by large format additive manufacturing of cork composites	43
Microstructure and mechanical properties of S217 nickel aluminum bronze alloy fabricated by wire arc additive manufacturing	43
Vat photopolymerisation 3D printing of graphene-based materials	43
Advancements and applications of multiple wire processes in additive manufacturing: a comprehensive systematic review	43
Mechanical properties characterisation of metallic components produced by additive manufacturing using miniaturised specimens	42
3D-printed multiscale hierarchical thermoplastic polyurethane/aramid nanofiber structures with enhanced energy absorption via in-Situ foaming technology	41
Concurrent multiscale topology optimisation towards design and additive manufacturing of bio-mimicking porous structures	40
Microstructure and properties of Ni–Ti–Cu alloy fabricated in situ by treble-wire arc additive manufacturing	39
Laser powder bed fusion for AI assisted digital metal components	38
Leveraging clay formwork 3D printing for reinforced concrete construction	36
Magnetically-assisted digital light processing 4D printing of flexible anisotropic soft-Magnetic composites	36
UV cross-linkable hybrid resins for additive manufacturing to achieve high performance and body-temperature programmable shape memory effect	36
Defects, monitoring, and AI-enabled control in soft material additive manufacturing: a review	36
The enhanced mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion Al-Mn-Sc alloy via non-isothermal aging	36
Microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of TiC/ Ti6Al4 V composites fabricated by selective laser melting during isothermal deformation	34
Hybrid additive manufacturing of ultra-fine high-resolution shell–core structured conductive mesh-based flexible transparent electrodes for flexible displays	34
Understanding laser-metal interaction in selective laser melting additive manufacturing through numerical modelling and simulation: a review	33
Effects of build positions on the thermal history, crystallization, and mechanical properties of polyamide 12 parts printed by Multi Jet Fusion	33
Reducing solidification cracks and enhancing mechanical performance in additively manufactured Cu-Ti alloys via chemical fluctuation manipulation	33
Inverse design of face-like 3D surfaces via bi-material 4D printing and shape morphing	32
Robotics-assisted modular assembly of bioactive soft materials for enhanced organ fabrication	31
Mechanism and performance of thermal radiation recycling for in-space 3D printed continuous carbon fibre-reinforced PEEK composites	31
Heat transfer performance of CuCrZr/AlSi7Mg multi-material heat sinks with triply periodic minimal surface manufactured by laser powder bed fusion	31
Achieving high-strength, hierarchically porous SiC ceramics with micron-scale periodic architecture via vat photopolymerization	31
Processability improvement and strength enhancement in laser powder bed fusion of AlMgZr and AlMgZr-Ti alloys	31
Investigation on synergism between additive and subtractive manufacturing for curved thin-walled structure	31
In-process filament repair in 3D concrete printing with instance segmentation	30
Correction	30
Deformation mechanism of dislocation slip and kinking behaviour in dynamic compression response of TiZrHfNb alloy fabricated by laser directed energy deposition	29
Amorphous/crystalline Zn ₆₀ Zr ₄₀ alloys lattice structures with improved mechanical properties fabricated by mechanical alloying	29
A dragonfly-inspired metamaterial device with tunable stiffness and damage-sensitive dynamic response	29
Conformal laser printing and laser sintering of Ag nanoparticle inks: a digital approach for the additive manufacturing of micro-conductive patterns on patterned ﬂexible substrates	29
Spider web-inspired continuous fibre floating 3D printing for large lightweight mesh structures	29
Hybrid 3D microfluidic bioprinting for the engineering of cancer models and tissue substitutes	28
Fabrication of bimetallic interpenetrating structures with enhanced impact resistance via 3D-printing of high-entropy alloy lattices and vacuum melt infiltration of Al-based alloys	28
Dimensional effect and mechanical performance of node-strengthened hybrid lattice structure fabricated by laser powder bed fusion	27
High-strength light-weight aramid fibre/polyamide 12 composites printed by Multi Jet Fusion	27
Differentiation of materials and laser powder bed fusion processing regimes from airborne acoustic emission combined with machine learning	27
Steel grid-reinforced aluminum matrix composite prepared via wire-based friction stir additive manufacturing	27
Elastically isotropic auxetic and zero-Poisson’s ratio TPMS-based metamaterials	27
Microstructure tuning enables synergistic improvements in strength and ductility of wire-arc additive manufactured commercial Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys	26

Mechanical property enhancement in additively manufactured NiTi double-asymmetric honeycombs with bioinspired graded design	26
Vat photopolymerization three-dimensional printing of PEGDA/LiClO ₄ solid polymer electrolytes with optimised accuracy and electrochemical-mechanical performance	26
Magnetic alignment and electron beam post-curing of NdFeB materials via lithography-based composite manufacturing	26
Inhomogeneity and anisotropy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing: microstructure, mechanical properties, stress corrosion cracking susceptibility	26
Ultra sonic spray coating of silica nanocomposites for smoothening 3D-printed fused silica glass and metal casted injection molding tools	26
Inconel 718-W7Ni3Fe bimetallic structures using directed energy deposition-based additive manufacturing	25
High-pressure in situ interlayer strengthening process for polyetheretherketone material extrusion	25
Achieving high strength and ductility in chemically complex intermetallic alloys manufactured by laser powder bed fusion	25
4D printed NiTi variable-geometry inlet for aero engines	24
Enhanced cracking resistance and deposition of alloy 36 via accelerated cooling and TiC addition during wire arc additive manufacturing	24
Numerical and constitutive modeling of quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behavior in graded additively manufactured lattice structures	24
Investigation of microstructures and strengthening mechanisms in an N-doped Co-Cr-Mo alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion	24
Virtual rapid prototyping of materials with deep learning: spatiotemporal stress fields prediction in ceramics employing convolutional neural networks and transfer learning	24
Revealing the effect of layer-varying deposition strategy on laser-directed energy deposition bionic gradient NiTi alloy	24
Process-structure multi-objective inverse optimisation for additive manufacturing of lattice structures using a physics-enhanced data-driven method	24
A bio-inspired design strategy for easy powder removal in powder-bed based additive manufactured lattice structure	24
Effect of Fe addition on the microstructure, transformation behaviour and superelasticity of NiTi alloys fabricated by laser powder bed fusion	24
Additively manufactured 3D-architected alveolar bone reconstruction scaffolds derived from extracted natural teeth: computational modelling and feasibility evaluation	24
Monitoring of functionally graded material during laser directed energy deposition by acoustic emission and optical emission spectroscopy using artificial intelligence	24
Advancements in surface finish for additive manufacturing of metal parts: a comprehensive review of plasma electrolytic polishing (PEP)	24
A novel design strategy to enhance buckling resistance of thin-walled single-cell lattice structures via topology optimisation	24
Multi-objective optimisation of process parameters for laser-based directed energy deposition of a mixture of H13 and M2 steel powders on 4Cr5Mo2SiV1 steel	23
A bioinspired design approach for biomechanically matched tracheal stents	23
Bio-inspired tubular hierarchical porous materials with selective liquids absorption	23
Near-infrared light-driven programmable shape memory polymer for self-shaping 3D printing methods	22
Laser powder bed fusion of 316L stainless steel and K220 copper multi-material	22
Design of new 18Ni- x Ti maraging steel harnessing intrinsic heat treatment effect of additive manufacturing	22
The formation mechanism of metal-ceramic interlayer interface during laser powder bed fusion	22
Fracture characterisation of vertically build functionally graded 316L stainless steel with Inconel 718 deposited by directed energy deposition process	22
Manufacture dependent differential biodegradation of 3D printed shape memory polymers	22
Quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties of additively manufactured Al₂O₃ ceramic lattice structures: effects of structural configuration	21
Colourful 3D anti-counterfeiting label using nanoscale additive manufacturing	21
Wire-arc additive manufacturing of TiB/Ti6Al4V composites using Ti-TiB ₂ cored wire: processing, microstructure and mechanical properties	21
Boron-induced microstructural manipulation of titanium and titanium alloys in additive manufacturing	21
Material extrusion additive manufacturing of high particle loaded suspensions: a review of materials, processes and challenges	21
A comprehensive transformation-thermomechanical model on deformation history in directed energy deposition of high-speed steel	21
Comparative analysis of structural build-up in one-component stiff and two-component shotcrete-accelerated set-on-demand mixtures for 3D concrete printing	21
Performance and failure modes of continuous fibre-reinforced energy absorption tubes by cylindrical layered 3D printing	21
Enhancing mechanical and tribological properties of laser-based directed energy deposited IN718 alloy via synchronised high repetition laser shock peening	21
Screw material extrusion of super soft thermoplastic elastomer for additive manufacturing of inflatables	21
Recent progress in 4D printed energy-absorbing metamaterials and structures	21
Quantitative investigation of thermal evolution and graphitisation of diamond abrasives in powder bed fusion-laser beam of metal-matrix diamond composites	21
Development of a universal multimodal prediction method to optimise process parameters for improving densification during laser powder bed fusion	20
The microstructure and mechanical properties of nitinol manufactured by LPBF: differences between Ni-rich and Ti-rich compositions	20
Cracking behaviour, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of GH4169/K477 by laser directed energy deposition	20
Effect of toolpath in large-format additive manufacturing with bio-derived composites	20
Influence of design parameters on the flexural properties of a bio-inspired suture structure	20
Data-Driven autonomous printing process optimization and real-time abnormality identification in aerosol jet-deposited droplet morphology	20
Bighorn sheep horn-based metamaterial lattice structures for targeted energy absorption applications	20
Occlusion-based model weighting for volumetric additive manufacturing around inserts	20
Digital light processing 3D printing of large-scale and crack-free ceramics with perforated internal honeycomb structures	19
Manufacturing-oriented review on 3D printed lithium-ion batteries fabricated using material extrusion	19
Effect of heat treatment and electroless Ni-P coating on mechanical property and corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion	19
In-situ fabrication of martensitic stainless steel via heterogeneous double-wire arc-directed energy deposition	19
The effects of processing parameters on mechanical properties of 3D-printed polyhydroxyalkanoates parts	19
Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of laser direct energy deposited AlMo _0.25 FeCoCrNi _2.1 high-entrop	19
Insight into the limitation of the Beer–Lambert law in stereolithography ceramic 3D printing: a study on irradiance parameters and slurry curing	19
Modeling and application of droplet oscillation momentum for elucidating the development of surface roughness in wire-arc additive manufacturing	19
Achieving superior strength-ductility combination in the heterogeneous microstructured Ti64 alloy via multi-eutectoid elements alloying with CoCrFeNiMn during laser powder bed fusion	18
Hetero-hierarchical tessellated architected materials towards high mechanical performances and high manufacturability	18
Advancing the additive manufacturing of PLA-ZnO nanocomposites by fused filament fabrication	18
Binder jetting printed in situ mullite strengthened alumina ceramics with excellent mechanical and thermal properties through multi-phase infiltration	18
Influence of volumetric energy density on the tribological behaviors of pure nickel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion	18
Microstructure modulation and property enhancement via an underwater induction heating treatment strategy for underwater laser-directed energy deposition of Ti-6Al-4V	18
Effect of hot isostatic pressing on porosity of wire-arc directed energy deposited TZM/NbZr1 bimetallic structure	18
Towards supportless laser powder bed fusion: fundamental understanding of the formation of 1 ^st layer overhang through parameter optimisation and in-situ high-speed	18
Architecture of Ti–6Al–4V thin-walled microthrusters fabricated via laser powder bed fusion	18
Development and experimental evaluation of surface enhancement methods for laser powder directed energy deposition microchannels	18
Grain refinement of NiTi alloys during ultrasound-assisted wire-arc directed energy deposition	18
Achieving high strength and ductility in Inconel 718: tailoring grain structure through micron-sized carbide additives in PBF-LB/M additive manufacturing	18
Design and manufacture of low-frequency acoustic absorption metamaterials with enhanced coupling characteristic	17
Valorisation of vegetable food waste utilising three-dimensional food printing	17
Effect of Fe content on tensile properties of TA15 alloy with equiaxed microstructure produced by laser directed energy deposition	17
Mechanical performance, fatigue behaviour, and biointegration of additively manufactured architected lattices	17
Optimum specimen geometries for representation of bulk behaviour of additive manufactured polymeric lattice structures	16
Stabilising mechanism of cathode jet and droplet transfer in hybrid-laser–GMAW-based directed energy deposition of titanium alloy	16
Electron beam powder bed fusion enables crack-free, high-strength and sufficiently ductile chemically complex intermetallic alloys	16
A novel interlayer cleaning methods for improving internal quality in wire-arc directed energy deposition: processing, characterisation and performance demonstration	16
A critical review of additive manufacturing technology in rehabilitation medicine via the use of visual knowledge graph	16
Fundamental investigation into mass transfer process and microstructural transformation pathways in Ti-6Al-4V via underwater wire-laser directed energy deposition	16

Rice husk 4D printing in architecture: hygromorphic bi-directional self-shaping building skin	16
Advancements and challenges in overhang structure fabrication during laser powder bed fusion: a comprehensive review	16
Prototyping a novel compact 3-DOF hydraulic robotic actuator via metallic additive manufacturing	16
Design of an additively manufactured hydraulic directional spool valve: an industrial case study	16
In-process thermal monitoring of the extrusion additive manufacturing process with high temperature polymers	16
Synergy of tensile strength and ductility in a novel additively manufactured Al-Mg-Mn-Er-Zr alloy with a trilevel equiaxed heterogeneous structure	15
Advances in interlayer bonding in fused deposition modelling: a comprehensive review	15
Additively manufactured biodegradable Zn metamaterials with tunable Poisson’s ratio and enhanced mechanical properties	15
Precipitation evolution, aging strengthening and thermal stability in Al–Fe-Mg-Zr eutectic alloy via laser powder bed fusion	15
3D Printing of chewable oral tablets using drug nanosuspension inks: an experimental and machine learning study	15
Accelerating lPBF process optimisation for NiTi shape memory alloys with enhanced and controllable properties through machine learning and multi-objective methods	15
Selective laser melting fabrication of body-temperature shape memory NiTi alloy for 4D-printed orthopedic implants	15
4D printed thermally tunable metasurface with continuous carbon fibre	15
Achieving sustainability by additive manufacturing: a state-of-the-art review and perspectives	15
Interactive infill topology optimisation guided by user drawn patterns	15
Porosity in cored-wire-arc directed energy deposition of TiC/Al composite: formation mechanism and inhibition strategy	15
Frequency- and bandwidth-controllable electromagnetic absorber using 3D-printed shape memory meta-wires	15
Architected lightweight, sound-absorbing, and mechanically efficient microlattice metamaterials by digital light processing 3D printing	15
Vat photopolymerisation 3D printing of ceramic core with regulation on rheological and curing behaviour based on spherical powders	15
A topology optimisation-based design method for 3D Voronoi porous structures and its application for medical pillows	15
Compositionally gradient Al ₂ O ₃ –B ₄ C/Al composites with interpenetrating structure and tail	15
The theoretical model and verification of electric-field-driven jet 3D printing for large-height and conformal micro/nano-scale parts	15
Analytical modelling for prediction and prevention of overflow occurrence in wire-based additive manufacturing	15
Integrated control mechanism of ultrasound and ZrO ₂ particles on differential microstructures for the wire arc additive manufacturing	15