Nature Reviews Microbiology

Article	Citations
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19	3319
SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape	2718
Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease	2190
Coronavirus biology and replication: implications for SARS-CoV-2	2088
Plant–microbiome interactions: from community assembly to plant health	1516
Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations	1423
The gut microbiota–brain axis in behaviour and brain disorders	971
Antibiotic resistance in the environment	971
Nanomaterial-based therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections	707
Infectious disease in an era of global change	632
Gut microbial metabolites as multi-kingdom intermediates	611
Considerations for diagnostic COVID-19 tests	565
Transmissibility and transmission of respiratory viruses	475
SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis	474
The biofilm life cycle: expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation	405
Tolerance and resistance of microbial biofilms	384
Tackling the emerging threat of antifungal resistance to human health	382
Life and death in the soil microbiome: how ecological processes influence biogeochemistry	356
The evolution of SARS-CoV-2	355
An evolving view on biogeochemical cycling of iron	353
Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance revisited	315
Prevotella diversity, niches and interactions with the human host	303
The population genetics of pathogenic Escherichia coli	302
The human virome: assembly, composition and host interactions	299
Unique and common traits in mycorrhizal symbioses	293

Mechano-bactericidal actions of nanostructured surfaces	291
Structural biology of SARS-CoV-2 and implications for therapeutic development	287
Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host	276
Innovations to culturing the uncultured microbial majority	271
Horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution in bacteria	268
Electromicrobiology: the ecophysiology of phylogenetically diverse electroactive microorganisms	266
The role of vaccines in combatting antimicrobial resistance	254
Microbial volatile organic compounds in intra-kingdom and inter-kingdom interactions	252
Interactions between bacterial and phage communities in natural environments	244
Pseudomonas aeruginosa adaptation and evolution in patients with cystic fibrosis	241
Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation and social interactions	230
Beyond horizontal gene transfer: the role of plasmids in bacterial evolution	222
SARS-CoV-2 variant biology: immune escape, transmission and fitness	222
Soil microbiomes and one health	220
The stringent response and physiological roles of (pp)pGpp in bacteria	217
Priority effects in microbiome assembly	215
Bile acids and the gut microbiota: metabolic interactions and impacts on disease	212
Influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis and host responses in the respiratory tract	208
Skeletal infections: microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management	206
Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin–antitoxin systems	204
Bacterial motility: machinery and mechanisms	199
The biofilm matrix: multitasking in a shared space	195
Microbiome-based therapeutics	192
Microbial diversity in extreme environments	188
Climate change impacts on plant pathogens, food security and paths forward	188
The structural basis of herpesvirus entry	186
Infections at the maternal–fetal interface: an overview of pathogenesis and defence	185
Nutritional immunity: the battle for nutrient metals at the host–pathogen interface	182
Crop microbiome and sustainable agriculture	181
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in microbiome investigations	181
Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in the gut microbiome	178
Immune evasion and provocation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis	172
Reconstructing organisms in silico: genome-scale models and their emerging applications	172
The rumen microbiome: balancing food security and environmental impacts	172
Anti-tuberculosis treatment strategies and drug development: challenges and priorities	171
The microbiome-shaping roles of bacteriocins	169
Evasion of plant immunity by microbial pathogens	161
Treatment strategies for cryptococcal infection: challenges, advances and future outlook	157
Examining horizontal gene transfer in microbial communities	156
Epstein–Barr virus and multiple sclerosis	155
SARS-CoV-2 variant evasion of monoclonal antibodies based on in vitro studies	154
Human papillomaviruses: diversity, infection and host interactions	152
Proximate and ultimate causes of the bactericidal action of antibiotics	152
Microbial evolution and transitions along the parasite–mutualist continuum	151
Microbial production of advanced biofuels	146
Staphylococcus aureus host interactions and adaptation	144
The dynamic lung microbiome in health and disease	144
Antibiofilm activity of host defence peptides: complexity provides opportunities	134
Physical properties of the bacterial outer membrane	132
The host-associated archaeome	129

Salmonella Typhimurium and inflammation: a pathogen-centric affair	128
Learning from the past: development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines	124
Interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi and ticks	120
When anaerobes encounter oxygen: mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, tolerance and defence	119
Ecology and impacts of white-nose syndrome on bats	119
Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats	118
Trichoderma: a multipurpose, plant-beneficial microorganism for eco-sustainable agriculture	117
Toxoplasma gondii infection and its implications within the central nervous system	115
Composition and functions of bacterial membrane vesicles	113
Formation and function of bacterial organelles	113
Nanomaterials arising amid antibiotic resistance	112
The WHO fungal priority pathogens list as a game-changer	112
Architecture of bacterial respiratory chains	109
The marine nitrogen cycle: new developments and global change	107
Microbially mediated metal corrosion	104
Gradients and consequences of heterogeneity in biofilms	100
Antigenic evolution will lead to new SARS-CoV-2 variants with unpredictable severity	94
The ecological roles of bacterial chemotaxis	94
The highly diverse antiphage defence systems of bacteria	91
Multimodal interactions of drugs, natural compounds and pollutants with the gut microbiota	91
Host specificity of the gut microbiome	91
Influenza lineage extinction during the COVID-19 pandemic?	90
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community respiratory virus activity	90
Structural biology of CRISPR–Cas immunity and genome editing enzymes	89
Revisiting the rules of life for viruses of microorganisms	89
Diversity and evolution of the animal virome	88
Monkeypox virus: a neglected zoonotic pathogen spreads globally	88
Cells within cells: Rickettsiales and the obligate intracellular bacterial lifestyle	88
Towards SARS-CoV-2 serotypes?	85
A lasting symbiosis: how the Hawaiian bobtail squid finds and keeps its bioluminescent bacterial partner	81
Architecture of the dynamic fungal cell wall	80
Staphylococcus epidermidis and its dual lifestyle in skin health and infection	79
Clostridioides difficile toxins: mechanisms of action and antitoxin therapeutics	79
Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave	79
Structural insights into RNA polymerases of negative-sense RNA viruses	78
Diverse and unified mechanisms of transcription initiation in bacteria	78
The LUCA and its complex virome	77
The gut–liver axis and gut microbiota in health and liver disease	77
Marine biofilms: diversity, interactions and biofouling	75
A lasting symbiosis: how Vibrio fischeri finds a squid partner and persists within its natural host	74
Viral and host heterogeneity and their effects on the viral life cycle	72
Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection	71
Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation	69
Anti-trypanosomatid drug discovery: progress and challenges	65
Physiological limitations and opportunities in microbial metabolic engineering	65
The physiology and genetics of bacterial responses to antibiotic combinations	64
Bacterial defences: mechanisms, evolution and antimicrobial resistance	64
SARS-CoV-2 viral load and shedding kinetics	63
Mutualistic interplay between bacteriophages and bacteria in the human gut	63
Genomic and fossil windows into the secret lives of the most ancient fungi	62
Optimizing antimicrobial use: challenges, advances and opportunities	59
Author Correction: Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations	59
Population bottlenecks and founder effects: implications for mosquito-borne arboviral emergence	59
Structure and function of retroviral integrase	57
Giant virus biology and diversity in the era of genome-resolved metagenomics	57
The interplay between microbial communities and soil properties	56
Soil viral diversity, ecology and climate change	52
Interspecific hybridization as a driver of fungal evolution and adaptation	52
Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus	52
Alternative functions of CRISPR–Cas systems in the evolutionary arms race	51
Innate immune evasion strategies of SARS-CoV-2	50
Forest microbiome and global change	49
From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance	49
Microbial oxidation of atmospheric trace gases	48
Type VII secretion systems: structure, functions and transport models	46
Lipid biomarkers: molecular tools for illuminating the history of microbial life	46
Lassa fever — the road ahead	44
Author Correction: Plant–microbiome interactions: from community assembly to plant health	43
Respiratory syncytial virus infection and novel interventions	42
Prospects for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines in Africa	42
Antibiotic perturbations to the gut microbiome	41
Shaping bacterial gene expression by physiological and proteome allocation constraints	40
The rapid emergence of antifungal-resistant human-pathogenic fungi	38
Impact of enteric bacterial infections at and beyond the epithelial barrier	37
The oral microbiome: diversity, biogeography and human health	36
The gut microbiota and its biogeography	36
RNA-targeting CRISPR–Cas systems	36
The biogeography of infection revisited	34
Genomics and epidemiological surveillance	33
Plasmids, a molecular cornerstone of antimicrobial resistance in the One Health era	32

Surveying membrane landscapes: a new look at the bacterial cell surface	30
Bacterial DNA excision repair pathways	29
Disinfectants and antiseptics: mechanisms of action and resistance	28
Prevention, treatment and cure of HIV infection	28
The importance of molecular diagnostics for infectious diseases in low-resource settings	27
The cellular lives of Wolbachia	23
Structural and functional diversity of type IV secretion systems	22
Drug delivery strategies for antibiofilm therapy	22
The soil plastisphere	22
Types and functions of heterogeneity in mycobacteria	22