Nature Reviews Microbiology

Article	Citations
SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape	2815
Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations	1728
Antibiotic resistance in the environment	1127
Infectious disease in an era of global change	758
SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis	551
Transmissibility and transmission of respiratory viruses	513
The biofilm life cycle: expanding the conceptual model of biofilm formation	502
The evolution of SARS-CoV-2	476
Tackling the emerging threat of antifungal resistance to human health	472
Tolerance and resistance of microbial biofilms	460
Life and death in the soil microbiome: how ecological processes influence biogeochemistry	416
Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance revisited	400
An evolving view on biogeochemical cycling of iron	393
Prevotella diversity, niches and interactions with the human host	337
The human virome: assembly, composition and host interactions	323
Horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution in bacteria	319
Structural biology of SARS-CoV-2 and implications for therapeutic development	315
Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host	304
Electromicrobiology: the ecophysiology of phylogenetically diverse electroactive microorganisms	299
Interactions between bacterial and phage communities in natural environments	286
Climate change impacts on plant pathogens, food security and paths forward	285
Bile acids and the gut microbiota: metabolic interactions and impacts on disease	284
Soil microbiomes and one health	279
The role of vaccines in combatting antimicrobial resistance	278
Microbial volatile organic compounds in intra-kingdom and inter-kingdom interactions	273

The biofilm matrix: multitasking in a shared space	264
SARS-CoV-2 variant biology: immune escape, transmission and fitness	263
Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation and social interactions	263
Pseudomonas aeruginosa adaptation and evolution in patients with cystic fibrosis	262
Beyond horizontal gene transfer: the role of plasmids in bacterial evolution	253
Priority effects in microbiome assembly	245
Skeletal infections: microbial pathogenesis, immunity and clinical management	242
The stringent response and physiological roles of (pp)pGpp in bacteria	235
Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin–antitoxin systems	229
Influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis and host responses in the respiratory tract	222
Nutritional immunity: the battle for nutrient metals at the host–pathogen interface	221
Microbial diversity in extreme environments	219
Bacterial motility: machinery and mechanisms	218
Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in the gut microbiome	216
Microbiome-based therapeutics	212
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in microbiome investigations	211
Anti-tuberculosis treatment strategies and drug development: challenges and priorities	205
Infections at the maternal–fetal interface: an overview of pathogenesis and defence	202
Staphylococcus aureus host interactions and adaptation	200
The microbiome-shaping roles of bacteriocins	197
The rumen microbiome: balancing food security and environmental impacts	196
Immune evasion and provocation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis	191
Epstein–Barr virus and multiple sclerosis	181
Evasion of plant immunity by microbial pathogens	181
Examining horizontal gene transfer in microbial communities	179
The dynamic lung microbiome in health and disease	175
Microbial evolution and transitions along the parasite–mutualist continuum	173
Treatment strategies for cryptococcal infection: challenges, advances and future outlook	173
SARS-CoV-2 variant evasion of monoclonal antibodies based on in vitro studies	172
Human papillomaviruses: diversity, infection and host interactions	170
Microbial production of advanced biofuels	162
Physical properties of the bacterial outer membrane	154
Antibiofilm activity of host defence peptides: complexity provides opportunities	151
Composition and functions of bacterial membrane vesicles	148
Trichoderma: a multipurpose, plant-beneficial microorganism for eco-sustainable agriculture	144
The WHO fungal priority pathogens list as a game-changer	141
Salmonella Typhimurium and inflammation: a pathogen-centric affair	141
When anaerobes encounter oxygen: mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, tolerance and defence	136
Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats	129
Ecology and impacts of white-nose syndrome on bats	129
Architecture of bacterial respiratory chains	128
The highly diverse antiphage defence systems of bacteria	127
The marine nitrogen cycle: new developments and global change	127
Toxoplasma gondii infection and its implications within the central nervous system	125
Microbially mediated metal corrosion	125
The interplay between microbial communities and soil properties	123
The ecological roles of bacterial chemotaxis	119
Gradients and consequences of heterogeneity in biofilms	116
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on community respiratory virus activity	113
Influenza lineage extinction during the COVID-19 pandemic?	104

Architecture of the dynamic fungal cell wall	103
Host specificity of the gut microbiome	103
The gut–liver axis and gut microbiota in health and liver disease	102
Revisiting the rules of life for viruses of microorganisms	102
Diversity and evolution of the animal virome	101
Multimodal interactions of drugs, natural compounds and pollutants with the gut microbiota	101
Antigenic evolution will lead to new SARS-CoV-2 variants with unpredictable severity	99
Structural biology of CRISPR–Cas immunity and genome editing enzymes	98
Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave	96
Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation	95
Marine biofilms: diversity, interactions and biofouling	94
Staphylococcus epidermidis and its dual lifestyle in skin health and infection	94
Cells within cells: Rickettsiales and the obligate intracellular bacterial lifestyle	92
Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection	92
Towards SARS-CoV-2 serotypes?	90
Monkeypox virus: a neglected zoonotic pathogen spreads globally	89
A lasting symbiosis: how the Hawaiian bobtail squid finds and keeps its bioluminescent bacterial partner	87
Structural insights into RNA polymerases of negative-sense RNA viruses	87
Bacterial defences: mechanisms, evolution and antimicrobial resistance	87
Clostridioides difficile toxins: mechanisms of action and antitoxin therapeutics	86
A lasting symbiosis: how Vibrio fischeri finds a squid partner and persists within its natural host	79
Antibiotic perturbations to the gut microbiome	79
Anti-trypanosomatid drug discovery: progress and challenges	77
The physiology and genetics of bacterial responses to antibiotic combinations	76
Giant virus biology and diversity in the era of genome-resolved metagenomics	75
Mutualistic interplay between bacteriophages and bacteria in the human gut	75
Author Correction: Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations	74
SARS-CoV-2 viral load and shedding kinetics	73
Physiological limitations and opportunities in microbial metabolic engineering	71
Soil viral diversity, ecology and climate change	68
Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus	65
Optimizing antimicrobial use: challenges, advances and opportunities	63
Structure and function of retroviral integrase	63
Forest microbiome and global change	63
Population bottlenecks and founder effects: implications for mosquito-borne arboviral emergence	62
Innate immune evasion strategies of SARS-CoV-2	61
The oral microbiome: diversity, biogeography and human health	59
Plasmids, a molecular cornerstone of antimicrobial resistance in the One Health era	59
The rapid emergence of antifungal-resistant human-pathogenic fungi	57
Lassa fever — the road ahead	56
From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance	55
Microbial oxidation of atmospheric trace gases	54
Interspecific hybridization as a driver of fungal evolution and adaptation	54
Alternative functions of CRISPR–Cas systems in the evolutionary arms race	53
Lipid biomarkers: molecular tools for illuminating the history of microbial life	51
Type VII secretion systems: structure, functions and transport models	51
The gut microbiota and its biogeography	50
Respiratory syncytial virus infection and novel interventions	50
Shaping bacterial gene expression by physiological and proteome allocation constraints	48
RNA-targeting CRISPR–Cas systems	47
Author Correction: Plant–microbiome interactions: from community assembly to plant health	47
Prevention, treatment and cure of HIV infection	43
Disinfectants and antiseptics: mechanisms of action and resistance	43
Impact of enteric bacterial infections at and beyond the epithelial barrier	43
The soil plastisphere	42
Machine learning for microbiologists	40
The biogeography of infection revisited	38
Drug delivery strategies for antibiofilm therapy	37
Surveying membrane landscapes: a new look at the bacterial cell surface	34
Bacterial DNA excision repair pathways	34
Insights into the assembly and regulation of the bacterial divisome	32
The importance of molecular diagnostics for infectious diseases in low-resource settings	29
Structural and functional diversity of type IV secretion systems	28
SARS-CoV-2 biology and host interactions	26
Types and functions of heterogeneity in mycobacteria	25
The cellular lives of Wolbachia	25
Translating eco-evolutionary biology into therapy to tackle antibiotic resistance	24
Effects of climate change and human activities on vector-borne diseases	24
Microbiota in disease-transmitting vectors	24
Antibiotic-induced collateral damage to the microbiota and associated infections	24
Intracellular lifestyle of Chlamydia trachomatis and host–pathogen interactions	23
Cell entry and release of quasi-enveloped human hepatitis viruses	23
Burkholderia pseudomallei and melioidosis	23
The honeybee microbiota and its impact on health and disease	22
Roles of the gut microbiome in weight management	22
Sewage surveillance of antibiotic resistance holds both opportunities and challenges	21
The wound microbiota: microbial mechanisms of impaired wound healing and infection	21
A molecular understanding of alphavirus entry and antibody protection	21
Co-evolution of immunity and seasonal influenza viruses	20
The microbial landscape of colorectal cancer	20

Utilization of the microbiome in personalized medicine	20
Author Correction: Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19	20
Alternative therapeutic strategies to treat antibiotic-resistant pathogens	19
Emergence, transmission dynamics and mechanisms of artemisinin partial resistance in malaria parasites in Africa	18
Towards an integrative view of virus phenotypes	18
Beneficial applications of biofilms	18
ESKAPE pathogens: antimicrobial resistance, epidemiology, clinical impact and therapeutics	17
Clinical course and management of COVID-19 in the era of widespread population immunity	15
Intrahost evolution of the gut microbiota	15
ICSP response to ‘Science depends on nomenclature, but nomenclature is not science’	15
Algal blooms in the ocean: hot spots for chemically mediated microbial interactions	14
The microbial carbon pump and climate change	14
African microbiomes matter	14
Science depends on nomenclature, but nomenclature is not science	14
Bacteriocin diversity, function, discovery and application as antimicrobials	13
Simulations of the spike: molecular dynamics and SARS-CoV-2	12
Candida parapsilosis complex in the clinical setting	12
The human-infection potential of emerging tick-borne viruses is a global public health concern	12
Metagenomics for surveillance of respiratory pathogens	10
The coral microbiome in sickness, in health and in a changing world	9
Antimicrobial-resistant Shigella: where do we go next?	9
An uneven race: genome editing for parasitic worms	8
Emerging infections and the integrative environment-health sciences: the road ahead	8
Viruses and autophagy: bend, but don’t break	8
The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease	8
Antimicrobial treatment and resistance in sexually transmitted bacterial infections	8
The cost of resistance	8
Coronavirus research: knowledge gaps and research priorities	7
Microorganisms, climate change, and the Sustainable Development Goals: progress and challenges	7
Extracellular niche establishment by plant pathogens	7
Gut microbiota and depression	7
Extreme dimensions — how big (or small) can tailed phages be?	7
COVID-19 drug discovery and treatment options	7
Small proteins: overcoming size restrictions	6
Case series of monkeypox infections	6
Drug-resistant tuberculosis: a persistent global health concern	6
SARS-CoV-2 genomics as a springboard for future disease mitigation in LMICs	6
Author Correction: Ecology, evolution and spillover of coronaviruses from bats	6
Immune targeting of HIV-1 reservoir cells: a path to elimination strategies and cure	5
POCT for drug-resistant gonorrhoea	5
Harnessing the power of host–microbe symbioses to address grand challenges	5
The HIV epidemic 40 years on	5
Bacterial longevity	5
Protein antibiotics: mind your language	5
SARS-CoV-2 variants offer a second chance to fix vaccine inequities	5
The gut–airway microbiome axis in health and respiratory diseases	5
Skin microbiota heals a wound	5
Author Correction: Priority effects in microbiome assembly	5
Author Correction: Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection	4
The pathobiology of human fungal infections	4
Synthetic microbiology in sustainability applications	4
Schistosomes go single cell	4
The human microbiome, global health and the Sustainable Development Goals: opportunities and challenges	4
Microplastics impair seabird gut microbiomes	4
Microbial food spoilage: impact, causative agents and control strategies	4
Through the gut, down the drain	4
Commensal bacteria fight colorectal cancer	4
Plastic communities	4
Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus outbreak in cattle: the knowns and unknowns	4
Unexpected fishy microbiomes	4
A toolkit for microbial community editing	4
Conservation and similarity of bacterial and eukaryotic innate immunity	4
EBV linked to multiple sclerosis	3
Dose-dependent COVID-19 symptoms	3
Animal model of long COVID?	3
Overcoming hurdles in cancer immunotherapy	3
A probiotic for seaweed	3
Tick symbiont promotes blood feeding	3
Infectious diseases and the Sustainable Development Goals: progress, challenges and future directions	3
Publisher Correction: The marine nitrogen cycle: new developments and global change	3
Salmonella Enteritidis: chicken or egg?	3
Targeting viral liquid–liquid phase separation	3
Digging deeper in the biofilm	3
Decisions, decisions…	3
New keys to unlock the treasure trove of microbial natural products	3
Author Correction: Crop microbiome and sustainable agriculture	3
A new general mechanism of AMR	3
Reviving colistin	3
Enterococcus faecium: evolution, adaptation, pathogenesis and emerging therapeutics	3
Diversity of microbial defence systems	3
Publisher Correction: The ecological roles of bacterial chemotaxis	3
A metabolic trigger for Salmonella	3
Publisher Correction: Structural insights into RNA polymerases of negative-sense RNA viruses	3
Make it personal to beat vaccine hesitancy	2
Sewer biofilms and SARS-CoV-2	2
Bacterial architects build the biofilm structures	2
Searching for relatives of SARS-CoV-2 in bats	2
A function for retrons	2
A small RNA for a long-lasting relationship	2
Author Correction: Anti-trypanosomatid drug discovery: progress and challenges	2
Overcoming supply issues	2
Author Correction: Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance revisited	2
Mobilizing resistance genes in the human gut	2
Gut–brain axis in ageing	2
Taking metagenomics under the wings	2