OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Steel Research International is 3. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-05-01 to 2025-05-01.)

Article	Citations
Masthead	48
Contents: steel research int. 3/2022	45
Hot Deformation Behavior of DT4 Pure Iron in the Austenite Single‐Phase Region: Experiment and Finite Element Simulation	39
Effect of Coiling Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of a Ti–Nb Microalloyed High‐Speed Guardrail Steel	37
Formation of Corrosion‐Resistant Nitride Coatings Based on Ti–Al–Cr–Fe–Ni High‐Entropy Alloy	36
Precision Forging Approach for Metal Iron Seat of Railway Track Based on Reversed Bending in Preforming Design	33
State of the Art in Control of Inclusions and Microalloying Elements in Tire Cord Steel and Saw Wire Steel	32
Effect of Permanent Magnet Stirring on Solidification of High‐Sulfur Micro‐Alloyed Steel under Different Magnetic Flux Densities	27
Tellurium Treatment for the Modification of Sulfide Inclusions and Corresponding Industrial Applications in Special Steels: A Review	24
Analysis of Transition Zone on a Hot‐Stamped Part with Tailored Tool Tempering Approach by Numerical and Physical Simulation	24
Enhanced Thermal Stability of the Low‐Carbon Ultrafine Grain Steel with Nanoprecipitates	23
Effect of Cerium on the Interaction between a Si–Mn‐Killed Steel and a MgO‐Based Refractory	22
Comparison Study of the Effect of MgO, MgO‐CaO, MgO‐Al₂O₃‐C, and MgO‐C Refractories on Cleanliness of a SiMn‐Killed Steel	21
Numerical Analysis of the Damage Evolution of DP600 Steel Using Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman Model	21
Effects of the Cooling Rate and Recovery Temperature on the Growth of AlN Precipitates in Gear Steel	21
Numerical Study on Characteristic Positions and Transition of Flow Patterns in a Slab Continuous Casting Mold	20
A New Approach to Predict the Mechanical Properties of Hot‐Rolled Strip Based on Multi‐Dimensional Feature Weighted Similarity and Integrated Just‐In‐Time Learning	20
Study on Splashing Mechanism in Basic Oxygen Furnace Based on Slag Foaming Modeling	20
Effect of Ladle Shroud Blockage on Flow Dynamics and Cleanliness of Steel in Coupled Ladle–Shroud–Tundish System	20
Nitrogen‐Enhanced Temperature Dependence of Grain Refinement Strengthening in Austenitic Stainless Steel	19
New Insights on the Corrosion Behavior of a Cr–W–V–Mo‐Rich Stainless Steel Containing Cr₇C₃–Cr₂₃C₆ Core–Shell Carbides: A Comparative Study	19
Numerical Investigation of the Inner Profiles in Ironmaking Blast Furnace: Effect of the Ratio of Belly Diameter to Effective Height	18
Experimental Analysis of T23–T91 Dissimilar Steel Joining in Supercritical Boiler by a Cost‐Effective Fusion Welding Route	18
Optimization of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process Parameters for Low‐Carbon Steel and Properties Prediction by Support Vector Regression Model	18
The Laboratory Study of Metallurgical Slags and the Reality	18

The 5th International High Manganese Steel Conference	18
Characterization and Assessment of Mold Flux for Continuous Casting of Liquid Steel Using an Inverse Mold Simulator	18
Distribution of Large‐Size Inclusions in Transition Slabs for Automotive Exposed Panel Steel	18
Crack Initiation Mechanism of AISI 4340 Steel for High‐Cycle Torsional Fatigue Loading	17
Falling Angle of Fe‐C‐Based Alloy Droplet on Coke and Graphite	17
Numerical Simulation of Carbon Redistribution during Steel Composite Production	17
Evolution Behavior and Fracture Criterion of Carbides in D2 Cold‐Work Die Steel During Hot Working Process	17
Modeling of the Nonuniform Microstructure and Microsegregation Formation of the Shell in Round Billet Continuous Casting	16
Experimental Study on the Mechanism of Pinching in Cold‐Rolling Processes	16
Effect of Lance Design on Jet Characteristics in 250 t Converter	16
Numerical Investigation of the Combined Effect of Reactive Cleaning and Active Filtration on Inclusion Removal in an Induction Crucible Furnace	16
Kinetic Analysis for Steel Desulfurization during Ruhrstahl–Heraeus Process	16
Enhancing the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Fe‐36Ni Invar Alloy via Introducing Mg	15
Kinetics of Dephosphorization at Different Slag Basicities in the Double Slag Converter Steelmaking Process	15
Phase Evolution Behavior during the Reduction Process of Medium‐Silica Fluxed Pellets	15
Effect of Ca Addition on Inclusions, Microstructures, and Impact Toughness of Coarse‐Grained Heat‐Affected Zone After High‐Heat Input Welding in Mg‐Deoxidized Shipbuilding Steel Plates	15
Effects of Cu Coating Addition on Mechanical Properties of Vacuum Brazed Joints	15
Evolution of Crystallographic Texture and Its Impact on Magnetic Losses of Non‐oriented Electrical Steel	15
An Improved YOLOX Model for Detecting Strip Surface Defects	14
Effectiveness of Using Low‐Strength‐Grade Filler Wires for 800 MPa Grade Ultra‐High‐Strength Steels Laser Beam Welds	14
A Carbon‐Stabilized Austenitic Steel with Lower Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility	14
The Substructure of Quenched High‐Carbon Pearlite in Fe–C Alloys	14
The Melting Mechanism of Hydrogen Direct Reduced Iron in Liquid Slag	14
Water Modeling on Circulating Flow and Mixing Time in a Ruhrstahl–Heraeus Vacuum Degasser	14
A Simplified Bubble Size Relation Compatible with the Energy Minimization Multiscale Drag Model for Studying Hydrodynamics in a 2D Gas–Solid Tapered Fluidized Bed	14
Microstructure Evolution and Cryogenic Impact Toughness Changes in Ce‐Containing Novel Cryogenic High‐Mn Austenitic Steel Weld Metals under Different Heat Inputs	14
Numerical Modeling of Melt Flow and Mixing in an Inductively Stirred Ladle and Comparison with Gas and Mechanical Stirring	14
Effects of Cu Content on Mechanical and Magnetic Properties of High‐Strength Nonoriented Silicon Steel	14
Temperature‐Dependent Deformation Behavior of 316 Stainless Steel with Heterogeneous Microstructure	13
Competition and Precipitation Mechanism of Inclusions in the Al–Ti–Mg Complex Deoxidized Steel	13
Effects of Rolling Force on Strip Shape during Tandem Cold Rolling Using a Novel Multistand Finite Element Model	13
	13
Effects of Alloying Elements and Microstructure on Stainless Steel Corrosion: A Review	13
Contents: steel research int. 5/2023	13
Design of Heterogeneous Lamella Microstructure of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel and Effect of Aging on Its Mechanical Behavior and Corrosion Properties	13
Effect of Pressure on the Linear Friction Welding of a Tool Steel and a Low‐Alloy Carbon Steel	13
A Review on the Modeling of Direct Reduction of Iron Oxides in Gas‐Based Shaft Furnaces	12
Investigation of Multistage Oxidation Behavior of Al₄SiC₄ Powders with Aid of Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network	12
Interphase Precipitation in Cold‐Rolled Dual‐Phase Steel Strip: Design and Challenges	12
Nucleation, Growth, Sintering, and Densification of Sulfide in 1215MS Free‐Cutting Steel Billet	12
Continuous Casting Tundish Dead Volume Study by Physical Modeling and Computational Investigation	12
Effect of Gas Distribution Mode on Bath Stirring and Mixing in a Bottom‐Blown Converter	12
Characterizing the Fatigue Damage in a Martensitic Spring Steel	12
Influence of Austempering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High‐Silicon Carbide‐Free Bainitic Steel	12
A Promising Pressurized Duplex Manufacturing Route of High Nitrogen Stainless Steel	12
Designing Non‐Newtonian Mold Powders and Optimization of Process for Continuous Casting of Billet	12
Recent Progress of Corrosion Prevention Method of Magnesium Alloy	11
Development and Testing of Operator Vision Assistance System for Foundry Applications	11
Masthead	11
Computational Fluid Dynamics‐Discrete Element Method Study of Microstructure and Mechanical Characteristics of the Blast Furnace Raceway with Polyhedral Particles	11

Cooling Performance Experiment and Simulation Investigation of Flow Boiling Heat Transfer for Wire Rods during Quenching in Molten Salt Mixtures	11
Study on Transformation of Glassy and Crystalline Inclusions in Cord Steel during Heat Treatment at 1100 °C	11
Hot Deformation Behavior of 301L Stainless Steel and Dissolution Behavior of δ‐Ferrite During Heat Treatment	11
Modulating Mechanical Properties of Fe–0.35C–3.2Al–5Mn Hot‐Rolled Steel by Combining Twinning‐Induced Plasticity plus Transformation‐Induced Plasticity Effect	11
Study on High‐Temperature Reactions of MgO Refractory with Ti‐Bearing Al‐Killed Steel	11
Simulation of the Solidification and Microstructural Evolution in Steel Casting Processes Using the InterDendritic Solidification Tool	11
Titanium‐Dependent Kinetics of Ferrite Single‐Phase Recrystallization in Cold‐Rolled Ultra‐High‐Strength Low‐Alloy Steels During Annealing	11
Cover Picture	11
Suppression and Control of Vortex Formation Caused by Boundary Disturbance during Ladle Teeming Process	11
Melting and Crystallization Behaviors of Mold Flux with the Addition of Waste Electrolyte	11
Bonding Behavior and Mechanism of Composite Interface Between Carbon Steel/Stainless Steel Laminates at Different Temperatures and Strain Rates	11
Comparison of Metastable Pitting Behavior of Austenitic and Duplex Stainless Steels under U‐Bending Deformation	10
Processing Fundamentals and Performance Investigation of Selective Laser Melting of High‐Speed Steel in Reactive N₂ Atmosphere	10
Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Ti‐Bearing Al‐Killed Steel during Heat Treatment at 1200 °C	10
Reaction Behavior of High‐Manganese High‐Aluminum Steel with Glazed MgO Refractory	10
Evolution of Eutectic Carbide during M₇C₃/M₂₃C₆ in situ Transformation in Martensitic Stainless Steel	10
A Critical Review on Medium‐Mn Steels: Mechanical Properties Governed by Microstructural Morphology	10
Advancement in Laser‐Based Directed Energy Deposition of Stainless Steel on Microstructural Changes in Mechanical and Wear Properties	10
Nucleation, Growth, Sintering, and Densification of Sulfide in 1215MS Free‐Cutting Steel Billet	10
The Investigation of Phase Transition and Solute Transport for Bloom Continuous Casting with Steel Strip‐Feeding Process and Mold Electromagnetic Stirring: A Comparative Study	10
Influence of Nonuniform Microstructure on High‐Cycle Fatigue Properties of the Electron‐Beam‐Welded Joint of High‐Strength Steel	10
Microstructural Refinement and Strain Hardening Behavior in Low‐Density Ultrafine Pearlite Steel	10
Effect of Cr on Isothermal Structure Transformation of Iron Oxide Scale	10
Dephosphorization Kinetics of Hot Metal at Low Slag Basicity and Low Temperature under the Different Fe₂O₃ Addition Amounts	10
Direct Laser Metal Deposition of AISI H13 Cladding on Copper–Beryllium Alloy Substrate Through a Stainless‐Steel Buffer Layer Strategy	10
Short‐Term Heat Treatment of the High‐Alloy Cold‐Work Tool Steel X153CrMoV12: Calculation of Metastable Microstructural States	10
Convolutional Neural Network‐Based Method for Predicting Oxygen Content at the End Point of Converter	10
Influence of Preheating Temperature on Microstructure Evolution and Hardness of High‐Speed Steel AISI M50 Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion	10
The Formability and Mechanical Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Fabricated by Pulsed Arc Swing Additive Manufacturing	10
Softening Behavior of a Cold Work Tool Steel and High‐Boron Tool Steel Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition	10
Low Cycle Fatigue and Damage Evaluation on 16MnCr5 Alloy Steel	9
Aggregation Behavior of Inclusions on the Surface of Liquid‐Oriented Silicon Steel: An In Situ Observation	9
Effect of Ferrite Second Phase on Shape Memory Effect of Corrosion‐Resistant Fe–Mn–Si Shape Memory Alloy	9
Optimize the Operation Parameters in Surging Auxiliary Slag Skimming Process Based on Large Eddy Simulation –Volume of Fluid –Discrete Phase Model Coupled Model	9
Effect of Electroslag Remelting on the Microstructure and Ballistic Penetration Characteristics of an Austenite‐Based Lightweight Steel	9
Microstructure Stabilities of Newly Developed Hot‐Working Die Steel and H13 Steel at Elevated Temperature	9
Optimization of Port Angle for Narrow‐Width Mold Flow Field under High Casting Speed Based on Large Eddy Simulation and High‐Temperature Measurement of Velocity	9
Formation Mechanism and Main Control Methods of Bright‐Band Defects in Strip Casting Based on Numerical Simulation	9
Segregation Control and Dendritic Structure Improvement of Steel Plate Hot Rolled Commercial Steel by Electromagnetic Swirling Flow	9
The Formation of the {112}<111> Shear Texture in Hot‐Rolled Sheets of Electrical Steels	9
	9
Effects of Calcium Addition on Nonmetallic Inclusions in High‐Al Steel	9
Selective Laser Melting of 304L and 316L Stainless Steels: A Comparative Study of Microstructures and Mechanical Properties	9
Analysis of Erosion Mechanism of Wear‐Resistant Layer in Large Blast Furnace Tuyere	9
Physical Modeling and Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Steel Desulfurization by Reagent Injection through the Bottom of the Ladle	9
	9
Cost and Life Cycle Analysis for Deep CO₂ Emissions Reduction for Steel Making: Direct Reduced Iron Technologies	9
In Situ X‐Ray Diffraction Analysis of Microstructure Evolution during Deep Cryogenic Treatment and Tempering of Tool Steels	9
Precipitation and Assembling Behavior of Alloying Elements of Piercing‐Plug Steel under High‐Temperature C₂H₅OH–H₂O Atmosphere	9
Influences of Weld Nugget Shape and Material Gradient on the Shear Strength of Resistance Spot‐Welded Joints	9
Contents: steel research int. 4/2025	9
Effect of Magnesium Modification on Inclusions and Carbide in As‐Cast 21‐4N Valve Steel	9
Effect of Coal and Coke Ash on Blast Furnace Slag Properties: A Comparison Between Pulverized Coal, Charcoal, Fossil‐Based Coke, and Biocoke	8
Role of Activating Flux in Weld Bead Symmetricity during Dissimilar Metal Joining	8
Influence of Cooling Parameters on the Microstructure and Primary Carbide Precipitation in GCr15 Steel	8
Development of Higher‐Order Interaction Parameter Formalisms for a Ternary Solution in a Thermodynamically Consistent Manner	8
In Situ Observation of Phase Transformations of Pearlite Heat‐Resistant Steel during Solidification	8
Oxidation Mechanism of Ti‐Doped Fe₃O₄ (111): A Combined DFT and AIMD Study with an Experimental Verification	8
Thermal Simulation of MnS Evolution in Solidification of a Low‐Carbon Alloy Steel Bloom	8
Effect of Trace Element B on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 8Cr4Mo4V Bearing Steel	8
Transformation Mechanism and Precipitation Behavior of Nanoscale Cementite in Carbon Steels during Ultrafast Cooling	8
The Effect of Zr on the High‐Temperature Oxidation Resistance of 12Cr Ferritic/Martensitic Steels	8
Inclination Effect on Mixing Time in a Gas–Stirred Side–Blown Converter	8
Effect of Tensile Loading and Temperature on the Hydrogen Solubility of Steels at High Gas Pressure	8
The Influence of Particle Swarm Optimization‐Back Propagation Neural Network Hyperparameter Selection on the Prediction Accuracy of Converter Endpoint Temperature	8
The Coupling Effect of Hierarchical Structures and MN‐Type Precipitates on the Creep Resistance for the High N Heat‐Resistant Martensitic Steel	8
Effect of the Timing Addition of Ferrosilicon with Al and Ca Impurities on Inclusion Formation in Al‐Killed Automobile Gear Steel SCr420H	8
Lateral Capillary Interaction Between Hexagonal or Triangular‐Shaped TiN Inclusions at the Gas/Steel Interface	8
Mechanical Testing and Microstructural Characterization of Bimetallic Structure of Austenitic Steel Fabricated via Wire plus Arc Additive Manufacturing	8
Desulfurization Behavior of Magnetite Pellets Reduced by Isothermal Pure Hydrogen	8
Thermodynamic Evaluation of Enhanced CO₂ Conversion in Innovative Slag Splashing Processes in Converters	8
On the Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Fe‐Based/B₄C Composite Coating Processed by Vacuum Cladding	8
Influence of Partial Replacement of Co with Cu on Isothermal Transformation Kinetics in Ferritic/Martensitic Heat‐Resistant Steel	8
Effect of Ti Treatment on MnS Inclusion and Mechanical Property of a High‐Strength Sulfur‐Containing Steel	8
Directional Sulfur Removal from Ladle Furnace Slag by Electric Field Strengthening Treatment	8
Numerical Investigation on Motion and Removal of Inclusions in Continuous Casting Tundish with Multiorifice Filter	8
Evolution Mechanism of MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–CaO Inclusions During Continuous Casting of Si‐Killed Spring Steel	8
Influence of Time and Temperature of Plasma Nitriding on the Wear Resistance of Ni–Cr–Mo‐Based Films Deposited by AISI 904L Cathodic Cage on SAE 6160 Steel	8
	8
Coarse‐Grain Heat‐Affected Zone Microstructure Evolution and Crack Propagation of Ca‐Treated Q550 Thick‐Steel Plate by High‐Heat Input Welding	8

Analysis of Flow Pattern and Bubble Behavior in Slab Continuous Casting with Mold Electromagnetic Stirring	8
Analysis of Surface Behavior and Cavity Oscillations in a Liquid Metal Model Experiment of the Basic Oxygen Furnace Process	8
A Comparative Study on Hot Deformation Behaviors of Niobium Microalloyed Low‐Carbon and Medium‐Carbon Steels by Physical Constitutive Analysis	8
Effect of Annealing Time on Texture Evolution of Fe–3.4 wt% Si Nonoriented Electrical Steel	8
Vacuum Brazing of 18MAR300 Nickel Maraging Steel Joints Based on Additively Manufactured and Conventional Material Grades	7
Optimization of Mold Slag for Continuous Casting of Peritectic Steel	7
Effect of Cooling Conditions on the Size and Morphology Evolution of MgAl₂O₄ Inclusions in Al‐Deoxidized Steel Coupling with Mg Treatment	7
Method to Investigate Mechanical Behavior of Steel Casting near Solidus Temperature	7
Effect of Austenite Reversion Treatment and Partitioning on the Phase Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Martensitic–Austenitic CrMnNi‐Cast Steel	7
Correlation Between Microstructure and Micromechanism of Quasi‐Cleavage Fracture of 33Mn2V Dual‐Phase Steel	7
Regulating Oxides Enhances the Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Martensitic Stainless Steel	7
Applications and Progress of Machine Learning Techniques in the Ladle Furnace Refining Process: A Review	7
Carbide Precipitation Behavior of High‐Alloy Steel During Solidification and Cooling Process	7
Extraction of Vanadium from CaO–SiO₂–MgO–Al₂O₃ Slags Based on Vaporization of Vanadium Pentoxide	7
Toward the Decarbonization of the Steel Sector: Development of an Artificial Intelligence Model Based on Hyperspectral Imaging at Fully Automated Scrap Characterization for Material Upgrading Operatio	7
Damage Mechanism of Copper Cooling Plate on Large Blast Furnace	7
Effect of Austenite Reversion and Its Stability on the Tensile and Impact Transition Behavior of High‐Strength Naval Steel	7
Hybrid Model Integrating Locally Linear Embedding and LightGBM for Predicting Sulfur Content in Electroslag Remelting	7
The Effect of TiO₂ in the Ladle Slag on Inclusion in Ti‐Bearing Steel	7
Influences of Manufacturing‐Related Microstructural Variations on Fatigue in Carbide‐Rich Tool Steels	7
Microstructure and Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Thermomechanically Rolled 3Mn–Al and 5Mn–Al Sheet Steels	7
Application of the Phase Transformation Model for the Design of the Cooling Conditions in Stelmor Process to Obtain a Favorable Multiphase Microstructure of Wire Rod for Cold Heading Applications	7
Composition and Morphological Analysis of MnO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃ Inclusions during Solidification of Steel	7
Effect of Rolling on Microstructure Evolution and Plastic Deformation Behavior of A473M Martensitic Stainless Steel	7
Tailoring Low‐Alloyed Cryogenic Steel Strong and Tough Introduces Fine‐Grained Equiaxed Ferrite by Intercritical Subquenching	7
End‐Point Dynamic Control Model for 260 Tons BOF Steelmaking Based on PWWTSVR and LWOA	7
Quantifying the CaO and CaF₂ Content of Industrial Ladle Furnace Slag with Optical Emissions Measured through the Casting Spout	7
Exploiting the Molten Slag to Decarbonize Iron and Steel Industry: Feasibility Analysis of Centrifugal Granulation‐Assisted Thermal Energy Recovery System beyond Pilot Scale	7
Contents: steel research int. 12/2023	7
Influence of Electron Beam Welding with Multiple Beams on Stress Corrosion Properties of AF1410 Steel	7
Optimization of Process Conditions for Ultralightweight Steel with More Than 13 wt% of Al and 5 wt% of Cr	7
Variation in Multiphase Flow Characteristics by Nozzle‐Twisted Lance Blowing in Converter Steelmaking Process	7
Mechanism and Application of Reverse Austenitic Transformation in Medium Mn Steels: A Systematic Review	7
Observation of Initial Interfacial Reaction between High Aluminum Molten Steel and CaO–Al₂O₃ Inclusion at 1873 K Using Laser Confocal Scanning Microscopy and Micro‐Computerized T	7
Cooling Capacity Evolution of Steel Strip during Oscillatory Feeding Process in Slab Continuous Casting	7
Control of the Molten Steel Level in the Top Side‐Pouring Twin‐Roll Casting Process Based on Fuzzy Rules Optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm	7
Evolution Mechanism of MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–CaO Inclusions During Continuous Casting of Si‐Killed Spring Steel	7
Study on the Occurrence State of Lanthanum in Rust Layer and Mechanism of Its Influence on Invasion State of Corrosion Atoms	7
Development and Application of On‐Line Solution Annealing Process for 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel	7
Potential Significance of Low Tempering Treatment in Improving the Mechanical Properties of a Cold‐Rolled and Intercritical Annealed Medium Mn Steel	7
Optimization of Eutectic Carbide Inhomogeneity in M42 High‐Speed Steel through Machine Learning and Finite‐Element Modeling	7
An Insight in the Viscosity–Temperature Property of CaO‐SiO₂‐Al₂O₃‐Based Slag Systems from Melt Structure	7
Analysis of the Gaseous Reduction of Porous Wustite Pellets by Response Surface Methodology	7
The Prediction of Ferrite Ratio in HAZ of EH36 Steel Electro‐Gas Welding Joints Based on Leblond Equation	7
Friction Stir Welding‐Induced Microstructural Changes in Low‐Alloy Steel Post‐Tempforming	7
A Computational Fluid Dynamics‐Thermodynamics Coupled Approach to Simulate Desulfurization in Ladle Furnace Based on Interface Equilibrium Assumption	7
Investigation of the Erosion Mechanism of the Mold Flux Containing Rare Earth Oxide on the Submerged Entry Nozzle Affected by an External Electric Field	7
Role of Cerium on the Intricacies of Deformed State and Softening Mechanisms of Low‐Carbon Steels	7
Catalysts and Batteries Recycling to Produce Ferroalloys and High‐Speed Steel	7
Numerical Simulation Study on the Influence of Tundish Filter on Molten Steel Flow and Inclusions Removal	7
Effect of B₂O₃ on the Melt Structure and Viscosity of CaO–SiO₂ System	6
Effect of Vanadium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of M2 High‐Speed Steel Prepared by Laser Metal Direct Deposition Forming	6
Effect of Casting Parameters on the Flow Pattern in a Steel Continuous Casting Slab Mold: Numerical Simulation and Industrial Trials	6
Steel–Steel Laminates Manufactured via Accumulative Roll Bonding	6
Profilometry‐Based Indentation Plastometry and Uniaxial Testing of Pipelines: Detection of In‐Plane Anisotropy and Potential for Simplification of Test Procedures	6
Essential Parameters for Optimizing Conical Journal‐Bearing Performance	6
Oxidation Kinetics and Oxide Scale Characteristics of Ni‐Containing Steel at High Temperature under Air	6
Evolution Pathway of Competitive Precipitation of Inclusions in Al–Ti‐Deoxidized Steel	6
The Role of Mold Electromagnetic Stirring in the Dissipation of Superheat during the Continuous Casting of Billets	6
Flux‐Mediated Wetting of Alumina by Liquid Fe–Ti–C_sat	6
Functionally Gradient H13 Tool Steel/Oxygen‐Free High Thermal Conductivity Cu Composites Manufactured by Laser‐Directed Energy Deposition	6
Tribological Behavior of SINTER30 Steel Subjected to Duplex Treatment	6
Phosphorus Partition Between Liquid Crude Steel and High‐Basicity Basic Oxygen Furnace Slags	6
	6
Numerical Simulation of the Flow Field and Inclusion Entrapment in Ultrawide Slab Continuous Casting Mold Combined with High‐Temperature Velocity Quantitative Measurement	6
Heat Transfer Characteristics of Hot Slag Modification in a Mechanically Agitated Slag Pot	6
Efficient Simulation Methods for Thermal‐Mechanical Coupled Analysis and Rapid Residual Distortion Prediction of Laser Melting Deposition Process	6
Study on Microstructure and Properties of Cold Metal Transfer and Pulse Hybrid Welded Super Duplex Stainless Steel	6
Surface Defect Identification of Strip Steel Using ViT‐RepVGG	6
YOLOv5s‐GC‐Based Surface Defect Detection Method of Strip Steel	6
Factors Affecting Microscopic Basicity of Silicate Glasses from the Perspective of O1s Binding Energy	6
Physical and Mathematical Simulation of the Influence of Ruhrstahl–Heraeus Process Parameters on Mixing Effect	6
Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Behavior of Co‐Based Stellite 6 Multilayer Overlays Deposited on ASTM A36 Steel by Gas Metal Arc Welding Process	6
Microstructure and Properties of a Novel Carbon‐Martensitic Hot Work Tool Steel Processed by Laser Additive Manufacturing without Preheating	6
Microstructure Evolution and Cooling Characteristics at C−Si−Mn−Cr Steel during Different Quenching Processes	6
Use of Bentonite and Organic Binders in the Briquetting of Particulate Residues from the Midrex Process for Improving the Thermal Stability and Reducibility of the Briquettes	6
Bonding Experiments at Elevated Temperatures: The Effect of the Sample Storage Time on the Bond Strength of Metals	6
Effect of Annealing Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Stamping Formability of Cold‐Rolled Medium‐Manganese Automobile Steel	6
Creep Fracture Life Prediction of 9%Cr Heat‐Resistant Steel Based on the Back‐Propagation Artificial Neural Network Considering Microstructure Characteristics	6
Reduction of Iron‐Ore Pellets Using Different Gas Mixtures and Temperatures	6
Deformation‐Inhibited Cementite Precipitation Effect and Its Influence on Residual Stress	6
Kinetic Mechanism Development for the Direct Reduction of Single Hematite Pellets in H₂/CO Atmospheres	6
Study on Transverse Surface Cracks in the Continuous Casting Slab of a Microalloyed Steel	6
Liquid Metal Embrittlement Susceptibility of the Transformation‐Induced Plasticity Steel/Lead–Bismuth Eutectic System	6
A Study on the Potential of Carbon Dioxide Utilization Through its Co‐Injection with Hydrogen into the Blast Furnace Tuyeres	6
Physical Metallurgy Guided Machine Learning for Strain‐Induced Precipitation of Nb (C, N) Based on the Orthogonalized Small Data	6
Contents: steel research int. 12/2024	6
Observation on Reaction Mechanism of Lime Powder as Desulfurization Agent for Molten Cast Iron	6
Evolution of Interface Characteristic between Quicklime and CaO–SiO₂–Fe_tO–MgO Melt during Slag‐Forming Procedure in Converter under Different Times	6
Effect of Intercritical Annealing Time on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dual‐Phase Steel Processed by Large‐Strain Asymmetric Cold‐Rolling	6
Influence of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Microstructural Evolution and Transformation Kinetics Simulation by Finite Element Method of Low‐Carbon High‐Alloy Martensitic‐Bearing Steel	6
Center Segregation Evolution in Slab Continuous Casting with Mechanical Reduction: A 3D Simulation	6
Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Heterogeneous Nano/Ultrafine‐Grained Austenitic Stainless Steel Prepared by Low‐Temperature Rolling and Annealing	6
Emission Impacts of Direct Reduced Iron‐Ore Processing Systems: A Systems Thinking Approach in Case Studies of Canada and Peru	6
Effect of Quenching and Tempering Temperatures on Microstructure and Properties of Ultrahigh Strength Cast Steel	6