Hydrology and Earth System Sciences

Article	Citations
Evaluation of 18 satellite- and model-based soil moisture products using in situ measurements from 826 sensors	165
The International Soil Moisture Network: serving Earth system science for over a decade	144
Groundwater level forecasting with artificial neural networks: a comparison of long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and non-linear autoregressive networks with exoge	133
Nonstationary weather and water extremes: a review of methods for their detection, attribution, and management	129
Rainfall–runoff prediction at multiple timescales with a single Long Short-Term Memory network	127
Deep learning methods for flood mapping: a review of existing applications and future research directions	108
Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of current models and future challenges	105
A standardized index for assessing sub-monthly compound dry and hot conditions with application in China	98
Benchmarking data-driven rainfall–runoff models in Great Britain: a comparison of long short-term memory (LSTM)-based models with four lumped conceptual models	87
Deep learning rainfall–runoff predictions of extreme events	82
Progressive water deficits during multiyear droughts in basins with long hydrological memory in Chile	76
Flood forecasting with machine learning models in an operational framework	73
Rapid reduction in ecosystem productivity caused by flash droughts based on decade-long FLUXNET observations	70
Uncertainty of simulated groundwater recharge at different global warming levels: a global-scale multi-model ensemble study	70
Machine-learning methods for stream water temperature prediction	69
Hydrologically informed machine learning for rainfall–runoff modelling: towards distributed modelling	68
The 2018 northern European hydrological drought and its drivers in a historical perspective	67
A history of TOPMODEL	61
Suitability of 17 gridded rainfall and temperature datasets for large-scale hydrological modelling in West Africa	57
Quantifying the impacts of compound extremes on agriculture	57
Technical Note: Improved partial wavelet coherency for understanding scale-specific and localized bivariate relationships in geosciences	57
Evaporation, infiltration and storage of soil water in different vegetation zones in the Qilian Mountains: a stable isotope perspective	56
Flash drought onset over the contiguous United States: sensitivity of inventories and trends to quantitative definitions	55
Comparison of statistical downscaling methods for climate change impact analysis on precipitation-driven drought	54
Comparative analysis of kernel-based versus ANN and deep learning methods in monthly reference evapotranspiration estimation	54

Global cotton production under climate change – Implications for yield and water consumption	53
Two-stage variational mode decomposition and support vector regression for streamflow forecasting	51
In situ measurements of soil and plant water isotopes: a review of approaches, practical considerations and a vision for the future	51
Lake thermal structure drives interannual variability in summer anoxia dynamics in a eutrophic lake over 37 years	51
Compound flood potential from storm surge and heavy precipitation in coastal China: dependence, drivers, and impacts	50
Uncertainty estimation with deep learning for rainfall–runoff modeling	50
Sentinel-3 radar altimetry for river monitoring – a catchment-scale evaluation of satellite water surface elevation from Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B	50
Continuous streamflow prediction in ungauged basins: long short-term memory neural networks clearly outperform traditional hydrological models	49
Using a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to boost river streamflow forecasts over the western United States	49
Evaluation of random forests for short-term daily streamflow forecasting in rainfall- and snowmelt-driven watersheds	48
Do small and large floods have the same drivers of change? A regional attribution analysis in Europe	48
Towards hybrid modeling of the global hydrological cycle	48
Quantifying the effects of land use and model scale on water partitioning and water ages using tracer-aided ecohydrological models	46
Ensemble streamflow forecasting over a cascade reservoir catchment with integrated hydrometeorological modeling and machine learning	46
A note on leveraging synergy in multiple meteorological data sets with deep learning for rainfall–runoff modeling	46
Climate elasticity of evapotranspiration shifts the water balance of Mediterranean climates during multi-year droughts	44
Hydrological concept formation inside long short-term memory (LSTM) networks	44
Easy-to-use spatial random-forest-based downscaling-calibration method for producing precipitation data with high resolution and high accuracy	42
Effects of urbanization on the water cycle in the Shiyang River basin: based on a stable isotope method	37
The Great Lakes Runoff Intercomparison Project Phase 4: the Great Lakes (GRIP-GL)	37
Trends and variability in snowmelt in China under climate change	37
Uncertainty of gridded precipitation and temperature reference datasets in climate change impact studies	37
Canopy temperature and heat stress are increased by compound high air temperature and water stress and reduced by irrigation – a modeling analysis	36
Hybrid forecasting: blending climate predictions with AI models	36
A retrospective on hydrological catchment modelling based on half a century with the HBV model	35
Sequential data assimilation for real-time probabilistic flood inundation mapping	35
Evapotranspiration in the Amazon: spatial patterns, seasonality, and recent trends in observations, reanalysis, and climate models	35
Which rainfall score is more informative about the performance in river discharge simulation? A comprehensive assessment on 1318 basins over Europe	34
Development and validation of a new MODIS snow-cover-extent product over China	33
Deep learning for automated river-level monitoring through river-camera images: an approach based on water segmentation and transfer learning	32
Quantifying the effects of urban green space on water partitioning and ages using an isotope-based ecohydrological model	32
River runoff in Switzerland in a changing climate – runoff regime changes and their time of emergence	32
A systematic assessment of uncertainties in large-scale soil loss estimation from different representations of USLE input factors – a case study for Kenya and Uganda	32
How well are we able to close the water budget at the global scale?	32
Preprocessing approaches in machine-learning-based groundwater potential mapping: an application to the Koulikoro and Bamako regions, Mali	31
Assessing the dependence structure between oceanographic, fluvial, and pluvial flooding drivers along the United States coastline	31
Socio-hydrologic modeling of the dynamics of cooperation in the transboundary Lancang–Mekong River	31
Machine-learning- and deep-learning-based streamflow prediction in a hilly catchment for future scenarios using CMIP6 GCM data	31
Variability in epilimnion depth estimations in lakes	30
Global distribution of hydrologic controls on forest growth	30
Streamflow drought: implication of drought definitions and its application for drought forecasting	30
A 10 km North American precipitation and land-surface reanalysis based on the GEM atmospheric model	30
Evaluation of historic and operational satellite radar altimetry missions for constructing consistent long-term lake water level records	29
Last-decade progress in understanding and modeling the land surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau	29
Triple oxygen isotope systematics of evaporation and mixing processes in a dynamic desert lake system	29
Technical note: On uncertainties in plant water isotopic composition following extraction by cryogenic vacuum distillation	29
Global component analysis of errors in three satellite-only global precipitation estimates	29
Uncertainties and their interaction in flood hazard assessment with climate change	29
Identifying the optimal spatial distribution of tracers for optical sensing of stream surface flow	29
Understanding the mass, momentum, and energy transfer in the frozen soil with three levels of model complexities	29

Drought onset and propagation into soil moisture and grassland vegetation responses during the 2012–2019 major drought in Southern California	29
A two-step merging strategy for incorporating multi-source precipitation products and gauge observations using machine learning classification and regression over China	28
Statistical modelling and climate variability of compound surge and precipitation events in a managed water system: a case study in the Netherlands	28
Anatomy of the 2018 agricultural drought in the Netherlands using in situ soil moisture and satellite vegetation indices	28
Global ecosystem-scale plant hydraulic traits retrieved using model–data fusion	28
Contrasting seasonal changes in total and intense precipitation in the European Alps from 1903 to 2010	28
The pulse of a montane ecosystem: coupling between daily cycles in solar flux, snowmelt, transpiration, groundwater, and streamflow at Sagehen Creek and Independence Creek, Sierra Nevada, USA	28
A universal Standardized Precipitation Index candidate distribution function for observations and simulations	28
Estimation of hydrological drought recovery based on precipitation and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) water storage deficit	27
A graph neural network (GNN) approach to basin-scale river network learning: the role of physics-based connectivity and data fusion	27
Land use and climate change effects on water yield from East African forested water towers	27
Analysis of high streamflow extremes in climate change studies: how do we calibrate hydrological models?	27
Performance of automated methods for flash flood inundation mapping: a comparison of a digital terrain model (DTM) filling and two hydrodynamic methods	27
Technical note: Precipitation-phase partitioning at landscape scales to regional scales	27
A novel causal structure-based framework for comparing a basin-wide water–energy–food–ecology nexus applied to the data-limited Amu Darya and Syr Darya river basins	27
A two-stage blending approach for merging multiple satellite precipitation estimates and rain gauge observations: an experiment in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau	27
Impact of the quality of hydrological forecasts on the management and revenue of hydroelectric reservoirs – a conceptual approach	27
Dynamic mechanism of an extremely severe saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang estuary in February 2014	27
Simultaneously determining global sensitivities of model parameters and model structure	27
Water resources management and dynamic changes in water politics in the transboundary river basins of Central Asia	27
From skill to value: isolating the influence of end user behavior on seasonal forecast assessment	27
Characteristics of droughts in Argentina's core crop region	26
Improved representation of agricultural land use and crop management for large-scale hydrological impact simulation in Africa using SWAT+	26
A hydrography upscaling method for scale-invariant parametrization of distributed hydrological models	26
Isotopic offsets between bulk plant water and its sources are larger in cool and wet environments	26
Long-term relative decline in evapotranspiration with increasing runoff on fractional land surfaces	26
Behind the scenes of streamflow model performance	26
Asymmetric impact of groundwater use on groundwater droughts	26
Benchmarking an operational hydrological model for providing seasonal forecasts in Sweden	26
Estimating propagation probability from meteorological to ecological droughts using a hybrid machine learning copula method	26
Exploring the possible role of satellite-based rainfall data in estimating inter- and intra-annual global rainfall erosivity	26
Comprehensive evaluation of satellite-based and reanalysis soil moisture products using in situ observations over China	26
Assessing the degree of detail of temperature-based snow routines for runoff modelling in mountainous areas in central Europe	25
Satellite rainfall products outperform ground observations for landslide prediction in India	25
High-resolution satellite products improve hydrological modeling in northern Italy	25
Signatures of human intervention – or not? Downstream intensification of hydrological drought along a large Central Asian river: the individual roles of climate variability and land use change	25
A comparison of catchment travel times and storage deduced from deuterium and tritium tracers using StorAge Selection functions	25
Using multiple methods to investigate the effects of land-use changes on groundwater recharge in a semi-arid area	25
Accelerated hydrological cycle over the Sanjiangyuan region induces more streamflow extremes at different global warming levels	25
Irrigation, damming, and streamflow fluctuations of the Yellow River	25
Diverging hydrological drought traits over Europe with global warming	25
Estimating the probability of compound floods in estuarine regions	25
Improving soil moisture prediction of a high-resolution land surface model by parameterising pedotransfer functions through assimilation of SMAP satellite data	25
Regionalization of hydrological model parameters using gradient boosting machine	24
A hydrologist's guide to open science	24
High-resolution drought simulations and comparison to soil moisture observations in Germany	24
Hydrological response to warm and dry weather: do glaciers compensate?	24
The 63-year changes in annual streamflow volumes across Europe with a focus on the Mediterranean basin	24
The value of ASCAT soil moisture and MODIS snow cover data for calibrating a conceptual hydrologic model	24
Future changes in annual, seasonal and monthly runoff signatures in contrasting Alpine catchments in Austria	23
Improving hydrologic models for predictions and process understanding using neural ODEs	23
Evaporation enhancement drives the European water-budget deficit during multi-year droughts	23
Karst spring discharge modeling based on deep learning using spatially distributed input data	23
The use of personal weather station observations to improve precipitation estimation and interpolation	23
Untangling irrigation effects on maize water and heat stress alleviation using satellite data	23
CABra: a novel large-sample dataset for Brazilian catchments	23
Ecohydrological travel times derived from in situ stable water isotope measurements in trees during a semi-controlled pot experiment	23
Forward and inverse modeling of water flow in unsaturated soils with discontinuous hydraulic conductivities using physics-informed neural networks with domain decomposition	23
Insights into the isotopic mismatch between bulk soil water and <i>Salix matsudana</i> Koidz trunk water from root water stable isotope measurements	23
Field-scale soil moisture bridges the spatial-scale gap between drought monitoring and agricultural yields	23
GRAINet: mapping grain size distributions in river beds from UAV images with convolutional neural networks	22
Assessing global water mass transfers from continents to oceans over the period 1948–2016	22
Reduction of vegetation-accessible water storage capacity after deforestation affects catchment travel time distributions and increases young water fractions in a headwater catchment	22
Summary and synthesis of Changing Cold Regions Network (CCRN) research in the interior of western Canada – Part 2: Future change in cryosphere, vegetation, and hydrology	22
Estimation of subsurface soil moisture from surface soil moisture in cold mountainous areas	22
Advances in soil moisture retrieval from multispectral remote sensing using unoccupied aircraft systems and machine learning techniques	22
Low hydrological connectivity after summer drought inhibits DOC export in a forested headwater catchment	22
Future water temperature of rivers in Switzerland under climate change investigated with physics-based models	22
Calibration of a lumped karst system model and application to the Qachqouch karst spring (Lebanon) under climate change conditions	22
Assimilation of probabilistic flood maps from SAR data into a coupled hydrologic–hydraulic forecasting model: a proof of concept	22
Microphysical features of typhoon and non-typhoon rainfall observed in Taiwan, an island in the northwestern Pacific	22
Hydrology and water resources management in ancient India	22
Importance of the informative content in the study area when regionalising rainfall-runoff model parameters: the role of nested catchments and gauging station density	21
Hydrologic regimes drive nitrate export behavior in human-impacted watersheds	21
The value of citizen science for flood risk reduction: cost–benefit analysis of a citizen observatory in the Brenta-Bacchiglione catchment	21
Improved understanding of regional groundwater drought development through time series modelling: the 2018–2019 drought in the Netherlands	21
Learning about precipitation lapse rates from snow course data improves water balance modeling	21
Interaction of soil water and groundwater during the freezing–thawing cycle: field observations and numerical modeling	21
Modeling and interpreting hydrological responses of sustainable urban drainage systems with explainable machine learning methods	21
Projected changes in Rhine River flood seasonality under global warming	21

Frozen soil hydrological modeling for a mountainous catchment northeast of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau	21
Rivers in the sky, flooding on the ground: the role of atmospheric rivers in inland flooding in central Europe	21
Data assimilation for continuous global assessment of severe conditions over terrestrial surfaces	21
New flood frequency estimates for the largest river in Norway based on the combination of short and long time series	21
Learning from satellite observations: increased understanding of catchment processes through stepwise model improvement	21
Rainfall interception and redistribution by a common North American understory and pasture forb, <i>Eupatorium capillifolium</i> (Lam. dogfennel)	21
A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco's phosphate industry in the Khouribga region	21
Evaluating different machine learning methods to simulate runoff from extensive green roofs	21
Theoretical and empirical evidence against the Budyko catchment trajectory conjecture	21
Satellite observations reveal 13 years of reservoir filling strategies, operating rules, and hydrological alterations in the Upper Mekong River basin	20
Technical note: Hydrology modelling R packages – a unified analysis of models and practicalities from a user perspective	20
Intensification characteristics of hydroclimatic extremes in the Asian monsoon region under 1.5 and 2.0 °C of global warming	20
Ecosystem adaptation to climate change: the sensitivity of hydrological predictions to time-dynamic model parameters	20
Using soil water isotopes to infer the influence of contrasting urban green space on ecohydrological partitioning	20
Vegetation greening weakened the capacity of water supply to China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project	20
Watershed zonation through hillslope clustering for tractably quantifying above- and below-ground watershed heterogeneity and functions	20
Accretion, retreat and transgression of coastal wetlands experiencing sea-level rise	20
Extreme floods in Europe: going beyond observations using reforecast ensemble pooling	20
Resampling and ensemble techniques for improving ANN-based high-flow forecast accuracy	19
Snow water equivalents exclusively from snow depths and their temporal changes: the Δsnow model	19
Three hypotheses on changing river flood hazards	19
New measures of deep soil water recharge during the vegetation restoration process in semi-arid regions of northern China	19
Dynamics of hydrological and geomorphological processes in evaporite karst at the eastern Dead Sea – a multidisciplinary study	19
The suitability of differentiable, physics-informed machine learning hydrologic models for ungauged regions and climate change impact assessment	19
A comparative study of plant water extraction methods for isotopic analyses: Scholander-type pressure chamber vs. cryogenic vacuum distillation	19
Remotely sensed reservoir water storage dynamics (1984–2015) and the influence of climate variability and management at a global scale	19
Impact of detention dams on the probability distribution of floods	19
Mapping groundwater abstractions from irrigated agriculture: big data, inverse modeling, and a satellite–model fusion approach	19
AI-based techniques for multi-step streamflow forecasts: application for multi-objective reservoir operation optimization and performance assessment	19
Enhanced flood hazard assessment beyond decadal climate cycles based on centennial historical data (Duero basin, Spain)	18
A signal-processing-based interpretation of the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency	18
River flooding mechanisms and their changes in Europe revealed by explainable machine learning	18
An uncertainty partition approach for inferring interactive hydrologic risks	18
On the selection of precipitation products for the regionalisation of hydrological model parameters	18
How catchment characteristics influence hydrological pathways and travel times in a boreal landscape	18
The value of water isotope data on improving process understanding in a glacierized catchment on the Tibetan Plateau	18
Modelling the artificial forest (<i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L.) root–soil water interactions in the Loess Plateau, China	18
Advancing measurements and representations of subsurface heterogeneity and dynamic processes: towards 4D hydrogeology	18
Regional, multi-decadal analysis on the Loire River basin reveals that stream temperature increases faster than air temperature	18
Estimation of groundwater recharge from groundwater levels using nonlinear transfer function noise models and comparison to lysimeter data	18
Xylem water in riparian willow trees (<i>Salix alba</i>) reveals shallow sources of root water uptake by in situ monitoring of stable water isotopes	18
From mythology to science: the development of scientific hydrological concepts in Greek antiquity and its relevance to modern hydrology	17
Evaluating a land surface model at a water-limited site: implications for land surface contributions to droughts and heatwaves	17
Drought impact links to meteorological drought indicators and predictability in Spain	17
Daily ensemble river discharge reforecasts and real-time forecasts from the operational Global Flood Awareness System	17
Sources and pathways of biocides and their transformation products in urban storm water infrastructure of a 2 ha urban district	17
Explaining changes in rainfall–runoff relationships during and after Australia's Millennium Drought: a community perspective	17
Flood spatial coherence, triggers, and performance in hydrological simulations: large-sample evaluation of four streamflow-calibrated models	17
Coastal and orographic effects on extreme precipitation revealed by weather radar observations	17
Applicability of Landsat 8 thermal infrared sensor for identifying submarine groundwater discharge springs in the Mediterranean Sea basin	17
Machine learning deciphers CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration and subsurface flowpaths from stream chemistry	17
Hydrodynamic and environmental characteristics of a tributary bay influenced by backwater jacking and intrusions from a main reservoir	17
Future upstream water consumption and its impact on downstream water availability in the transboundary Indus Basin	17
A time-varying parameter estimation approach using split-sample calibration based on dynamic programming	17
Investigating ANN architectures and training to estimate snow water equivalent from snow depth	17
Snowpack dynamics in the Lebanese mountains from quasi-dynamically downscaled ERA5 reanalysis updated by assimilating remotely sensed fractional snow-covered area	17
Bathymetry and latitude modify lake warming under ice	17
Reservoir evaporation in a Mediterranean climate: comparing direct methods in Alqueva Reservoir, Portugal	17
Comparison of root water uptake models in simulating CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O fluxes and growth of wheat	17
Contrasting changes in hydrological processes of the Volta River basin under global warming	17
From hydraulic root architecture models to macroscopic representations of root hydraulics in soil water flow and land surface models	17
Flexible vector-based spatial configurations in land models	17
The role and value of distributed precipitation data in hydrological models	17
Assessing the dynamics of soil salinity with time-lapse inversion of electromagnetic data guided by hydrological modelling	17
Evaluation and interpretation of convolutional long short-term memory networks for regional hydrological modelling	17
Estimating leaf moisture content at global scale from passive microwave satellite observations of vegetation optical depth	16
A comparison of tools and techniques for stabilising unmanned aerial system (UAS) imagery for surface flow observations	16
Modeling the response of soil moisture to climate variability in the Mediterranean region	16
Drastic decline of flood pulse in the Cambodian floodplains (Mekong River and Tonle Sap system)	16
Long-term climate-influenced land cover change in discontinuous permafrost peatland complexes	16
The era of infiltration	16
Technical note: Using long short-term memory models to fill data gaps in hydrological monitoring networks	16
Space–time variability in soil moisture droughts in the Himalayan region	16
Event and seasonal hydrologic connectivity patterns in an agricultural headwater catchment	16
Challenges and benefits of quantifying irrigation through the assimilation of Sentinel-1 backscatter observations into Noah-MP	16
Impacts of climate change on groundwater flooding and ecohydrology in lowland karst	16
News media coverage of conflict and cooperation dynamics of water events in the Lancang–Mekong River basin	16
Drivers of drought-induced shifts in the water balance through a Budyko approach	16
Projection of irrigation water demand based on the simulation of synthetic crop coefficients and climate change	16
Effects of climate anomalies on warm-season low flows in Switzerland	15
Can the two-parameter recursive digital filter baseflow separation method really be calibrated by the conductivity mass balance method?	15
Assessing the value of seasonal hydrological forecasts for improving water resource management: insights from a pilot application in the UK	15
Technical note: Disentangling the groundwater response to Earth and atmospheric tides to improve subsurface characterisation	15
Preferential pathways for fluid and solutes in heterogeneous groundwater systems: self-organization, entropy, work	15
Predicting probabilities of streamflow intermittency across a temperate mesoscale catchment	15
River runoff in Switzerland in a changing climate – changes in moderate extremes and their seasonality	15
Analysis of flash droughts in China using machine learning	15
Hydraulic shortcuts increase the connectivity of arable land areas to surface waters	15
The role of morphology in the spatial distribution of short-duration rainfall extremes in Italy	15
A system dynamic model to quantify the impacts of water resources allocation on water–energy–food–society (WEFS) nexus	15
Dynamical forcings in heavy precipitation events over Italy: lessons from the HyMeX SOP1 campaign	15
A new large-scale suspended sediment model and its application over the United States	15
A simple cloud-filling approach for remote sensing water cover assessments	15
Simulation of long-term spatiotemporal variations in regional-scale groundwater recharge: contributions of a water budget approach in cold and humid climates	15
Development of a national 7-day ensemble streamflow forecasting service for Australia	15