OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Autoimmunity Reviews is 7. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-03-01 to 2024-03-01.)

Article	Citations
The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease	1234
Tocilizumab for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with hyperinflammatory syndrome and acute respiratory failure: A single center study of 100 patients in Brescia, Italy	570
Should we stimulate or suppress immune responses in COVID-19? Cytokine and anti-cytokine interventions	494
Covid-19 and autoimmunity	394
Convalescent plasma in Covid-19: Possible mechanisms of action	364
The SARS-CoV-2 as an instrumental trigger of autoimmunity	333
COVID-19 infection and rheumatoid arthritis: Faraway, so close!	310
Standardisation of nailfold capillaroscopy for the assessment of patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis	216
Could Sars-coronavirus-2 trigger autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory mechanisms in genetically predisposed subjects?	211
COVID-19 gone bad: A new character in the spectrum of the hyperferritinemic syndrome?	203
Hashimoto's thyroiditis: An update on pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic protocols, therapeutic strategies, and potential malignant transformation	187
Rheumatoid arthritis: Extra-articular manifestations and comorbidities	165
Corona (COVID-19) time musings: Our involvement in COVID-19 pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and vaccine planning	163
Immunomodulatory therapy for the management of severe COVID-19. Beyond the anti-viral therapy: A comprehensive review	149
The role of TH17 cells in multiple sclerosis: Therapeutic implications	140
SARS-CoV-2, the autoimmune virus	137
Post-COVID syndrome. A case series and comprehensive review	133
Interleukin 1α: a comprehensive review on the role of IL-1α in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases	130
Beyond the joints, the extra-articular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis	128
SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with systemic autoimmune diseases	123
Response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis	121
Tocilizumab for cytokine storm syndrome in COVID-19 pneumonia: an increased risk for candidemia?	116
CCR6-CCL20 axis as a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases	93
The influence of cytokines on the complex pathology of ulcerative colitis	91
A Unifying Hypothesis of the Pathophysiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): Recognitions from the finding of autoantibodies against ß2-adrenergic receptors	91

Clinical outcome measures in multiple sclerosis: A review	89
Molecular mimicry may explain multi-organ damage in COVID-19	88
Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory pacemaker neurons	85
B cell activating factor (BAFF): Structure, functions, autoimmunity and clinical implications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)	83
An Overview of the NF-kB mechanism of pathophysiology in rheumatoid arthritis, investigation of the NF-kB ligand RANKL and related nutritional interventions	82
The IL-1 family cytokines and receptors in autoimmune diseases	82
Transcriptional landscape of SARS-CoV-2 infection dismantles pathogenic pathways activated by the virus, proposes unique sex-specific differences and predicts tailored therapeutic strategies	81
An updated advance of autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases	80
ACE2 at the centre of COVID-19 from paucisymptomatic infections to severe pneumonia	79
2020 international consensus on ANCA testing beyond systemic vasculitis	76
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced myositis, the earliest and most lethal complication among rheumatic and musculoskeletal toxicities	76
Worldwide trends in all-cause mortality of auto-immune systemic diseases between 2001 and 2014	74
Novel insights into macrophage diversity in rheumatoid arthritis synovium	73
Rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly: Characteristics and treatment considerations	73
The autonomic aspects of the post-COVID19 syndrome	73
The effect of hydroxychloroquine on thrombosis prevention and antiphospholipid antibody levels in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: A pilot open label randomized prospective study	72
Dysfunctional mitochondria as critical players in the inflammation of autoimmune diseases: Potential role in Sjögren’s syndrome	70
Rheumatological complications of Covid 19	69
Cytokine storm syndrome in severe COVID-19	67
Continuous hydroxychloroquine or colchicine therapy does not prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2: Insights from a large healthcare database analysis	66
Autoantibodies and SARS-CoV2 infection: The spectrum from association to clinical implication: Report of the 15th Dresden Symposium on Autoantibodies	58
Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome: A systematic review	56
Role of interleukin-6 in bone destruction and bone repair in rheumatoid arthritis	56
Exosomes: Effectual players in rheumatoid arthritis	54
The pre-clinical phase of rheumatoid arthritis: From risk factors to prevention of arthritis	53
Post-rituximab immunoglobulin M (IgM) hypogammaglobulinemia	53
Gender-related differences in systemic sclerosis	52
The cytokine network in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder. Close to translation?	51
A review and meta-analysis of anti-ribosomal P autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus	50
The role of T cells in pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid	50
Update on IgG4-mediated autoimmune diseases: New insights and new family members	50
Pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment strategy for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease	49
IRAK family in inflammatory autoimmune diseases	47
Autoantibodies in COVID-19: frequency and function	47
Clinical associations of renal involvement in ANCA-associated vasculitis	46
Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), a key molecule of innate and adaptive immunity, and its potential involvement in COVID-19-related thrombotic and vascular mechanisms	46
Neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: A review	46
Efficacy and safety of abatacept in interstitial lung disease of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review	45
Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global data	45
Rheumatic immune-related adverse events associated with cancer immunotherapy: A nationwide multi-center cohort	44
Risk of scleroderma according to the type of immune checkpoint inhibitors	41
Glaucoma is an autoimmune disease	40
Low-dose Interleukin-2: Biology and therapeutic prospects in rheumatoid arthritis	40
Direct oral anticoagulants in antiphospholipid syndrome: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	40
Disease modifying therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis	39
Immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis: the identification of new therapeutic targets	39
The growing role of precision medicine for the treatment of autoimmune diseases; results of a systematic review of literature and Experts’ Consensus	37
Relationship between disease activity, organ damage and health-related quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systemic review and meta-analysis	37
Calcinosis Biomarkers in Adult and Juvenile Dermatomyositis	37
The roles of adenosine deaminase in autoimmune diseases	37

Rituximab in adult minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - What is known and what is still unknown?	37
Autoimmunity roots of the thrombotic events after COVID-19 vaccination	36
Pentraxin 3: A promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases	36
Mucous membrane pemphigoid	36
Giant cell arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica after influenza vaccination: A study of 12 patients and a literature review	36
Estrogen, estrogen-like molecules and autoimmune diseases	35
Immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced autoimmunity: The impact of gender	35
“Non-criteria” antiphospholipid syndrome: A nomenclature proposal	35
Phoenix from the flames: Rediscovering the role of the CD40–CD40L pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis	34
Update in immunosuppressive therapy of myasthenia gravis	34
Interplay of immune and kidney resident cells in the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures in lupus nephritis	34
Eculizumab use in catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS): Descriptive analysis from the “CAPS Registry”	33
Precision medicine in the care of rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on prediction and prevention of future clinically-apparent disease	33
Autoimmune thyroid disorders and rheumatoid arthritis: A bidirectional interplay	33
Understanding the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by animal studies using gene modulation: A comprehensive review	33
Working and safety profiles of JAK/STAT signaling inhibitors. Are these small molecules also smart?	33
Immune checkpoint inhibitors therapies in patients with cancer and preexisting autoimmune diseases: A meta-analysis of observational studies	32
Minor salivary gland biopsy: Its role in the classification and prognosis of Sjögren's syndrome	32
Combination therapy in inflammatory bowel disease – from traditional immunosuppressors towards the new paradigm of dual targeted therapy	32
Rheumatic heart disease: A review of the current status of global research activity	32
IgA vasculitis in adult patient following vaccination by ChadOx1 nCoV-19	32
Mucosal vitamin D signaling in inflammatory bowel disease	32
Immunological consequences of “immune reconstitution therapy” in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review	32
Muscle involvement in myasthenia gravis: Expanding the clinical spectrum of Myasthenia-Myositis association from a large cohort of patients	32
Systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular risk in rheumatological disease: Symptomatic and non-symptomatic events in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus	31
Environmental risk factors associated with ANCA associated vasculitis: A systematic mapping review	31
Monocytes and macrophages in ANCA-associated vasculitis	31
How to handle patients with autoimmune rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases in the COVID-19 era: An expert opinion	31
Autoimmunity in dry eye disease – An updated review of evidence on effector and memory Th17 cells in disease pathogenicity	30
Rituximab treatment for IgA vasculitis: A systematic review	30
The value of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) testing for the diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, a systematic review and meta-analysis	30
Rhupus: a systematic literature review	29
Seven recommendations to rescue the patients and reduce the mortality from COVID-19 infection: An immunological point of view	29
Long-term remission, relapses and maintenance therapy in adult primary central nervous system vasculitis: A single-center 35-year experience	29
Pregnancy outcome predictors in antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis	29
Drug-induced IgA vasculitis in children and adults: Revisiting drug causality using a dual pharmacovigilance-based approach	29
Severe infections in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides receiving rituximab: A meta-analysis	29
Interaction between food antigens and the immune system: Association with autoimmune disorders	28
Endometriosis and autoimmunity: Can autoantibodies be used as a non-invasive early diagnostic tool?	28
Mesenchymal stromal cells for systemic sclerosis treatment	27
The biology, pathogenetic role, clinical implications, and open issues of serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies	27
Parkinson's disease is an autoimmune disease: A reappraisal	27
Circadian clock genes as promising therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases	27
The pathophysiology of polymyalgia rheumatica, small pieces of a big puzzle	26
Fatal COVID-19 infections: Is NK cell dysfunction a link with autoimmune HLH?	26
Seronegative autoimmune diseases: A challenging diagnosis	26
The immunologic etiology of psychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: A narrative review on the role of the blood brain barrier, antibodies, cytokines and chemokines	26
Regulatory T cell heterogeneity and therapy in autoimmune diseases	25
Engineered antigen-specific regulatory T cells for autoimmune skin conditions	25
Microorganisms associated to thyroid autoimmunity	25
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A review	25
Autoantibodies to stratify systemic sclerosis patients into clinically actionable subsets	25
The COVID-19 pandemic and ANCA-associated vasculitis – reports from the EUVAS meeting and EUVAS education forum	25
Autoimmunity in vitiligo: Therapeutic implications and opportunities	25
Antibody glycosylation in autoimmune diseases	25
Overview of IgG4-related aortitis and periaortitis. A decade since their first description	24
Hygiene hypothesis and autoimmune diseases: A narrative review of clinical evidences and mechanisms	24
A proposed role of neutrophil extracellular traps and their interplay with fibroblasts in ANCA-associated vasculitis lung fibrosis	24
Antiphospholipid antibodies and thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in medicine ward	24
Anti-rods/rings autoantibody and IMPDH filaments: an update after fifteen years of discovery	24
Rituximab for the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A systematic literature review	24
Digital health, big data and smart technologies for the care of patients with systemic autoimmune diseases: Where do we stand?	23
Autoimmune pre-disease	23
Follow-up of COVID-19 patients: LA is transient but other aPLs are persistent	23
What can we learn from rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease related to anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis in the management of COVID-19?	23
New insight into the role of exosomes in vitiligo	23
JAK inhibitors and psoriatic arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis	23
Comprehensive meta-analysis reveals an association of the HLA-DRB1*1602 allele with autoimmune diseases mediated predominantly by autoantibodies	23
Autoimmunity and COVID-19 – The microbiotal connection	23
The prevalence and incidence rate of pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis	22
JAK inhibitors and autoimmune rheumatic diseases	22
JAK inhibitors and systemic sclerosis: A systematic review of the literature	22
T cell abnormalities in systemic sclerosis	22
Polymorphism of toll-like receptor genes and autoimmune endocrine diseases	22
Microbiota and metabolites in rheumatic diseases	22
Precision health: A pragmatic approach to understanding and addressing key factors in autoimmune diseases	21
The correlation between SARS-CoV-2 infection and rheumatic disease	21
What is the role of rheumatologists in the era of COVID-19?	21
Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins	21
Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) in 2023	21

Primary Sjögren's syndrome is associated with increased risk of malignancies besides lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis	21
Pathophysiologic role of Interleukin-33/ST2 in Sjögren's syndrome	21
Imatinib might constitute a treatment option for lung involvement in COVID-19	21
Ocular microvascular damage in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: The pathophysiological role of the immune system	21
Systemic autoinflammatory disease in adults	21
SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by inflammatory syndrome. Could high-dose human immunoglobulin for intravenous use (IVIG) be beneficial?	21
Risk of COVID-19 in celiac disease patients	21
In utero exposure to Azathioprine in autoimmune disease. Where do we stand?	21
Reactive oxygen species: The Yin and Yang in (auto-)immunity	20
Guillain Barré syndrome and COVID-19: Possible role of the cytokine storm	20
Characterization of auto-immune hepatitis associated with the use of anti-TNFα agents: An analysis of 389 cases in VigiBase	20
Comorbidities and health-related quality of life in Patients with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) - associated vasculitis	20
The revisited role of interleukin-1 alpha and beta in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and in comorbidities	20
Risk factors for hypertension in rheumatoid arthritis patients–A systematic review	20
Hepatitis C virus- related cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: A review of the role of the new direct antiviral agents (DAAs) therapy	20
Emerging role of Tissue Resident Memory T cells in vitiligo: From pathogenesis to therapeutics	19
The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrates (MARCKS): A membrane-anchored mediator of the cell function	19
Tumour- associated autoantibodies as prognostic cancer biomarkers- a review	18
May capillaroscopy be a candidate tool in future algorithms for SSC-ILD: Are we looking for the holy grail? A systematic review	18
Immunomodulatory therapeutic effects of curcumin in rheumatoid arthritis	18
The autoimmune aetiology of unexplained chronic pain	18
Combined Anakinra and Ruxolitinib treatment to rescue extremely ill COVID-19 patients: A pilot study.	18
Factors associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in systemic sclerosis (SSc)	18
Primary CNS vasculitis: A systematic review on clinical characteristics associated with abnormal biopsy and angiography	18
Diagnostic profiles for precision medicine in systemic sclerosis; stepping forward from single biomarkers towards pathophysiological panels	17
A machine learning analysis to predict the response to intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulin in inflammatory myopathies. A proposal for a future multi-omics approach in autoimmune diseases	17
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM): A myopathological challenge	17
Ocular involvement in monogenic autoinflammatory disease	17
Eurolupus cyclophosphamide plus repeated pulses of methyl-prednisolone for the induction therapy of class III, IV and V lupus nephritis	17
Factors associated with fertility abnormalities in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis	17
Histopathological features of systemic sclerosis-associated myopathy: A scoping review	17
Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus-related antiphospholipid syndrome: A multicenter study with 1519 patients	17
Immune system activation in polymyalgia rheumatica: Which balance between autoinflammation and autoimmunity? A systematic review	17
Efficacy and safety of intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulin therapy in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis	17
Pharmacological treatments for SSc-ILD: Systematic review and critical appraisal of the evidence	17
The seasonality of Dermatomyositis associated with anti-MDA5 antibody: An argument for a respiratory viral trigger	17
Profiling and targeting connective tissue remodeling in autoimmunity - A novel paradigm for diagnosing and treating chronic diseases	16
Efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in myocarditis: A 30-year systematic review and meta analysis	16
Therapeutic mTOR blockade in systemic autoimmunity: Implications for antiviral immunity and extension of lifespan	16
Risk of cancer in multiple sclerosis (MS): A systematic review and meta-analysis	16
Sarcoidosis related to checkpoint and BRAF/MEK inhibitors in melanoma	16
Autophagy in lupus nephritis: A delicate balance between regulation and disease	16
Cancer incidence in primary Sjögren's syndrome: Data from the French hospitalization database	16
Susac syndrome: A scoping review	16
The role of complement activation in autoimmune liver disease	15
Exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery for autoimmune diseases: Opportunities and challenges	15
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A neuropsychiatric manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus	15
Macrophages in Lupus Nephritis: Exploring a potential new therapeutic avenue	15
Methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis: Is the anchor drug still holding?	15
An updated review of anti-Ro52 (TRIM21) antibodies impact in connective tissue diseases clinical management	15
Insights into new-onset autoimmune diseases after COVID-19 vaccination	15
Emerging role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in autoimmune diseases: Biologic function, mechanisms and clinical prospection	15
Alarmins in autoimmune diseases	15
Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis	15
Autoimmune autonomic nervous system imbalance and conditions: Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, silicone breast implants, COVID and post-COVID syndrome, sick building syndrome, post-orthostatic	15
Arterial stiffness, the hidden face of cardiovascular risk in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases	15
The mosaic of autoimmunity – Finally discussing in person. The 13th international congress on autoimmunity 2022 (AUTO13) Athens	14
Undifferentiated connective tissue disease at risk for systemic sclerosis: Which patients might be labeled prescleroderma?	14
Immune response biomarkers as indicators of sarcoidosis presence, prognosis, and possible treatment: An Immunopathogenic perspective	14
Exploring IL-17 in spondyloarthritis for development of novel treatments and biomarkers	14
Guillain Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19- lessons learned about its pathogenesis during the first year of the pandemic, a systematic review	14
Anti-RNP antibodies delineate a subgroup of myositis: A systematic retrospective study on 46 patients	14
Fc receptors gone wrong: A comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases	14
Spondylitis-psoriasis-enthesitis-enterocolitis-dactylitis-uveitis-peripheral synovitis (SPEED-UP) treatment	14
Why judiciously timed anti-IL 6 therapy may be of benefit in severe COVID-19 infection	14
Infliximab is an effective glucocorticoid-sparing treatment for Takayasu arteritis: Results of a multicenter open-label prospective study	14
Similarities between COVID-19 and systemic sclerosis early vasculopathy: A “viral” challenge for future research in scleroderma	14
Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis	13
Association of COVID-19 and Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in the absence of pulmonary involvement	13
The immune-neuroendocrine system in COVID-19, advanced age and rheumatic diseases	13
Myocarditis in systemic immune-mediated diseases: Prevalence, characteristics and prognosis. A systematic review	13
Spanish scleroderma risk score (RESCLESCORE) to predict 15-year all-cause mortality in scleroderma patients at the time of diagnosis based on the RESCLE cohort: Derivation and internal validation	13
Do we believe in non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis? A debate	13
Vasculitis therapy refines vasculitis mechanistic classification	13
Mendelian randomization as a tool to gain insights into the mosaic causes of autoimmune diseases	13
Autoimmunity and cancer	13
Effect of exercise training on fatigue and pain in patients with systemic autoimmune myopathies: A systematic review	13
Biologic drugs in the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and deficit of adenosine deaminase 2: A narrative review	13
Global burden and cross-country inequalities in autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2019	13
Candida albicans in celiac disease: A wolf in sheep’s clothing	13
Gut microbiota–microRNA interactions in ankylosing spondylitis	13
Evaluation of novel assays for the detection of autoantibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome	13
Usefulness of vasculitis biomarkers in the era of the personalized medicine	13
Epigenetics, pregnancy and autoimmune rheumatic diseases	13
Emerging role of galectin family in inflammatory autoimmune diseases	13
Psoriasis: Interplay between dysbiosis and host immune system	12
Novel positron emission tomography tracers for imaging of rheumatoid arthritis	12
Novel COronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic: What are the risks for systemic sclerosis patients?	12
Epidemiology of major relapse in giant cell arteritis: A study-level meta-analysis	12
Biobetters in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disorders: An international Delphi consensus	12
Granulomatous manifestations associated with COVID19 infection: Is there a link between these two diseases?	12
Prevention of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review of preventive strategies in at-risk individuals	12
Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and respiratory chain enzyme defects in inflammatory myopathies	12
New insights for regulatory T cell in lupus nephritis	12
Circulating Calprotectin (cCLP) in autoimmune diseases	12