Space Weather-The International Journal of Research and Applications

Article	Citations
Predicting Geomagnetic Activity Cycles	83
Ensemble Modeling of Radiation Belt Electron Acceleration by Chorus Waves: Dependence on Key Input Parameters	73
Substorm Induced Nighttime Plasma Flow Pulsations Observed by ROCSAT‐1 at Topside Ionosphere	71
Toward GIC Forecasting: Statistical Downscaling of the Geomagnetic Field to Improve Geoelectric Field Forecasts	66
A Space Weather Approach for Quasi‐Real‐Time Assessment of Satellite Orbital Decay During Geomagnetic Storms Based on Two‐Line Element Sets	63
Prediction of Energetic Electrons in the Inner Radiation Belt and Slot Region With a Double‐Layer LSTM Neural Network Model	60
Issue Information	58
Forecasting Ionospheric foF2 Using Bidirectional LSTM and Attention Mechanism	54
Credit Where Credit Is Due: Data and Software in the Space Weather Community	49
Storm‐Time Characteristics of Ionospheric Model (MSAP) Based on Multi‐Algorithm Fusion	40
Issue Information	39
Ground GNSS Station Selection to Generate the Global Ionosphere Maps Using the Information Content	39
SRF2—A Short‐Term (1–24)h foF2 Prediction Method	36
First Observations of a Geomagnetic Superstorm With a Sub‐L1 Monitor	33
Observations of Geomagnetic Crochet at High‐Latitudes Due To X1.5 Class Solar Flare on 3 July 2021	33
Linkage of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly With the Day‐To‐Day Occurrence of Postsunset Irregularities and Scintillation in Low‐Latitude Region Around 110°E	33
PreMevE‐MEO: Predicting Ultra‐Relativistic Electrons Using Observations From GPS Satellites	32
Low Altitude Tailing Es (LATTE): Analysis of Sporadic‐E Layer Height at Different Latitudes of Middle and Low Region	32
Picturing Global Substorm Dynamics in the Magnetotail Using Low‐Altitude ELFIN Measurements and Data Mining‐Based Magnetic Field Reconstructions	31
First Detection of Field‐Aligned Currents Using Engineering Magnetometers From the OneWeb Mega‐Constellation	30
Risk Assessment of Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) Over the Indian Sector in Comparison With American and African Sectors	30
Influence of Tectonic and Geological Structure on GIC in Southern South Island, New Zealand	30
SWOL2023: Report of Space Weather Observations Throughout Latinoamerica: Filling the Southern Gaps	29
Development of a Regional F‐Region Critical Frequency Model for Southern Africa	29
A Real‐Time Prediction System of the Intensity of Solar Energetic Proton Events Based on a Solution of the Diffusion Equation	28

Nowcasting Solar EUV Irradiance With Photospheric Magnetic Fields and the Mg II Index	27
Very High Energy Solar Energetic Particle Events and Ground Level Enhancement Events: Forecasting and Alerts	27
Improved and Interpretable Solar Flare Predictions With Spatial and Topological Features of the Polarity Inversion Line Masked Magnetograms	26
A 3D Empirical Model of Electron Density Based on CSES Radio Occultation Measurements	26
Machine Learning for Predicting the Bz Magnetic Field Component From Upstream in Situ Observations of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections	25
A Framework to Estimate Local Atmospheric Densities With Reduced Drag‐Coefficient Biases	25
Solar Tide‐like Signatures in the Ionospheric Total Electron Content During the 2018 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event	24
The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network‐Based Model	24
OSPREI: A Coupled Approach to Modeling CME‐Driven Space Weather With Automatically Generated, User‐Friendly Outputs	24
Issue Information	24
The Need for a Sub‐L1 Space Weather Research Mission: Current Knowledge Gaps on Coronal Mass Ejections	23
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Statistical Characterization of GITM Thermospheric Horizontal Winds in Comparison to GOCE Estimations	23
Why Do Sudden Commencements Sometimes Generate Disproportionate Geomagnetically Induced Currents?	22
Multi‐Site Transfer Function Approach for Real‐Time Modeling of the Ground Electric Field Induced by Laterally‐Nonuniform Ionospheric Source	20
A Substorm‐Dependent Negative Limit of Non‐Eclipse Surface Charging of a Chinese Geosynchronous Satellite	20
Modeling Pipe to Soil Potentials From Geomagnetic Storms in Gas Pipelines in New Zealand	20
Attention‐Based Machine Vision Models and Techniques for Solar Wind Speed Forecasting Using Solar EUV Images	20
In Situ Observations of Ionospheric Perturbations Triggered by the Launches of 2022 and 2023 South Korea Rockets	19
GOLD Observations of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Reaching Mid‐Latitudes During the 23 April 2023 Geomagnetic Storm	19
Nighttime Geomagnetic Response to Jumps of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure: A Possible Cause of Québec Blackout in March 1989	18
Space Weather Effects on Transportation Systems: A Review of Current Understanding and Future Outlook	18
Daytime F Region Echoes at Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Crest During Geomagnetic Quiet Period: Observations From Multi‐Instruments	18
Assessing the Effects of a Minor CIR‐HSS Geomagnetic Storm on the Brazilian Low‐Latitude Ionosphere: Ground and Space‐Based Observations	18
Double Superposed Epoch Analysis of Geomagnetic Storms and Corresponding Solar Wind and IMF in Solar Cycles 23 and 24	18
Ionospheric Nowcasting Over Italy Through Data Assimilation: A Synergy Between IRI UP and IONORING	18
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Modeling the Impact of Geomagnetically Induced Currents on Electrified Railway Signaling Systems in the United Kingdom	18
Equatorial Plasma Bubble Detection Using Vertical TEC From Altimetry Satellite	17
Bayesian Inference and Global Sensitivity Analysis for Ambient Solar Wind Prediction	17
The Error of Global Ionospheric Map‐TEC During Equatorial Plasma Bubble Event in the High Solar Activity Year	17
A New Model for Nowcasting the Aviation Radiation Environment With Comparisons to In Situ Measurements During GLEs	17
Meeting Report: International Magnetosphere Coupling IV (IMC‐IV) Workshop GFZ‐Potsdam, Germany, 2–7 June 2024	17
Prediction Interval of Interface Regions: Machine Learning Nowcasting Approach	17
Static and Dynamic Model Calibration for Upper Thermosphere Determination	17
72‐Hour Time Series Forecasting of Hourly Relativistic Electron Fluxes at Geostationary Orbit by Deep Learning	16
Assessment of Current Capabilities in Modeling the Ionospheric Climatology for Space Weather Applications: foF2 and hmF2‐II	16
Unveiling the Space Weather During the Starlink Satellites Destruction Event on 4 February 2022	16
Issue Information	16
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Machine‐Learning Research in the Space Weather Journal: Prospects, Scope, and Limitations	16
3D Modeling of Geomagnetically Induced Currents in Sweden—Validation and Extreme Event Analysis	16
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Ionospheric Turbulence: A Challenge for GPS Loss of Lock Understanding	15
Assessment of Space Weather Impacts on New Zealand Power Transformers Using Dissolved Gas Analysis	15
Investigation of the Contribution of Five Broadcast Ionospheric Models (GPSK, NTCMG, NEQG, BDGIM, and BDSK) and IRTG to GNSS Positioning During Different Solar Activities in Solar Cycle 25	15
Forecasting of the Geomagnetic Activity for the Next 3 Days Utilizing Neural Networks Based on Parameters Related to Large‐Scale Structures of the Solar Corona	15
Decent Estimate of CME Arrival Time From a Data‐Assimilated Ensemble in the Alfvén Wave Solar Atmosphere Model (DECADE‐AWSoM)	15
Estimation Model of Global Ionospheric Irregularities: An Artificial Intelligence Approach	15
Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning	15

Investigating the Effects of Ionospheric Scintillation on Multi‐Frequency BDS‐2/BDS‐3 Signals at Low Latitudes	15
Development of the Ionospheric E‐Region Prompt Radio Occultation Based Electron Density (E‐PROBED) Model	15
Drag‐Based CME Modeling With Heliospheric Images Incorporating Frontal Deformation: ELEvoHI 2.0	15
Case Studies on the Day‐to‐Day Variability in the Occurrence of Post‐Sunset Equatorial Spread F	14
Measurements of Cosmic Rays by a Mini‐Neutron Monitor at Neumayer III From 2014 to 2017	14
Response of the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere System to an X‐Class Solar Flare: 30 March 2022 Case Study	14
Magnetopause Standoff Position Changes and Geosynchronous Orbit Crossings: Models and Observations	14
An Empirical Relationship Between Coronal Density and Solar Wind Velocity in the Middle Corona With Applications to Space Weather	14
Turning Noise Into Data: Characterization of the Van Allen Radiation Belt Using SDO Spikes Data	14
High‐Latitude Electrodynamics Specified in SAMI3 Using AMPERE Field‐Aligned Currents	14
Prediction of Proton Pressure in the Outer Part of the Inner Magnetosphere Using Machine Learning	14
What to Do When the F10.7 Goes Out?	14
Even‐Order Harmonic Distortion Observations During Multiple Geomagnetic Disturbances: Investigation From New Zealand	13
Data Assimilation of Ion Drift Measurements for Estimation of Ionospheric Plasma Drivers	13
The First Ground‐Level Enhancement of Solar Cycle 25 as Seen by the High‐Energy Particle Detector (HEPD‐01) on Board the CSES‐01 Satellite	13
Using a Differential Magnetometer Technique to Measure Geomagnetically Induced Currents: An Augmented Approach	13
Issue Information	13
Long‐Term Support Is Needed for Crucial Ground‐Based Sensor Networks	13
Global Sensitivity Analysis of Nitric Oxide‐Related Chemical Reaction Rates in the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model	13
Investigation on Horizontal and Vertical Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Propagation in Global‐Scale Using GNSS and Multi‐LEO Satellites	13
Automatic Detection of Large‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Using GNSS Data and Image Processing Techniques	13
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For All Humankind: Peaceful, Ethical, Cooperative, and Curiosity‐Driven Space Science and Space Weather Research	13
Ionospheric Scintillation Activity Over Canada in 2019–2023 and Its Potential Influence on Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) Navigation Services for Aviation	12
Calibration of Swarm Plasma Densities Overestimation Using Neural Networks	12
Analysis of Large Geomagnetically Induced Currents During the 7–8 September 2017 Storm: Geoelectric Field Mapping	12
Deep Learning for Global Ionospheric TEC Forecasting: Different Approaches and Validation	12
Validation of Ionospheric Specifications During Geomagnetic Storms: TEC and foF2 During the 2013 March Storm Event‐II	12
Detection and Characterization of a Coronal Mass Ejection Using Interplanetary Scintillation Measurements From the Murchison Widefield Array	12
Climatological Statistics of Extreme Geomagnetic Fluctuations With Periods From 1 s to 60 min	12
Solar Flare X‐Ray Impacts on Long Subionospheric VLF Paths	12
Estimates of Spherical Satellite Drag Coefficients in the Upper Thermosphere During Different Geomagnetic Conditions	12
Prediction of the SYM‐H Index Using a Bayesian Deep Learning Method With Uncertainty Quantification	12
Issue Information	12
Modeling Ionospheric TEC Using Gradient Boosting Based and Stacking Machine Learning Techniques	12
Implications of Using Spheroidal “Cone Model” CMEs in Solar‐Wind Models	12
Implementing an Operational Cloud‐Based Now‐ and Forecasting System for Space Weather Ground Effects in the UK	12
Physics‐Based Approach to Thermospheric Density Estimation Using CubeSat GPS Data	12
New Space Companies Meet a “Normal” Solar Maximum	12
An Examination of SuperDARN Backscatter Modes Using Machine Learning Guided by Ray‐Tracing	12
Issue Information	12
Thermospheric Temperature and Density Variability During 3–4 February 2022 Minor Geomagnetic Storm	12
CSA‐WTConvLSTM: A TEC Spatiotemporal Prediction Model Focusing on Both Low‐Frequency and High‐Frequency Features	11
Dayside Magnetic Depression Following Interplanetary Shock Arrivals During the February 1958 and July 1959 Superstorms	11
Different Response of the Ionospheric TEC and EEJ to Ultra‐Fast Kelvin Waves in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere	11
Examining the Economic Costs of the 2003 Halloween Storm Effects on the North Hemisphere Aviation Using Flight Data in 2019	11
Machine‐Learned HASDM Thermospheric Mass Density Model With Uncertainty Quantification	11
An Examination of Geomagnetic Induction in Submarine Cables	11
Influences of Solar Wind Parameters on Energetic Electron Fluxes at Geosynchronous Orbit Revealed by the Deep SHAP Method	11
Storm‐Time Ring Current Plasma Pressure Prediction Based on the Multi‐Output Convolutional Neural Network Model	11
Observations From NOAA's Newest Solar Proton Sensor	11
Sensitivity of Model Estimates of CME Propagation and Arrival Time to Inner Boundary Conditions	11
Automatic Detection and Classification of Spread‐F From Ionosonde at Hainan With Image‐Based Deep Learning Method	11
Correcting Projection Effects in CMEs Using GCS‐Based Large Statistics of Multi‐Viewpoint Observations	11
An Empirical Model of the Equatorial Electron Pitch Angle Distributions in Earth's Outer Radiation Belt	11
Characterization of Radiation Exposure at Aviation Flight Altitudes Using the Nowcast of Aerospace Ionizing Radiation System (NAIRAS)	11
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A Comparison of Auroral Oval Proxies With the Boundaries of the Auroral Electrojets	11
Partially Erupted Prominence Material as a Diagnostic of Coronal Mass Ejection Trajectory	11
Topside Ionosphere During the Mother's Day Superstorm as Observed by Multiple LEO Spacecraft, Including SNIPE	11
The Mother's Day Geomagnetic Storm on 10 May 2024: Aurora Observations and Low Latitude Space Weather Effects in Mexico	11
Quantification of Representation Error in the Neutral Winds and Ion Drifts Using Data Assimilation	11
Reduced Order Probabilistic Emulation for Physics‐Based Thermosphere Models	11
Interpretable Machine Learning for Thermospheric Mass Density Modeling Using GRACE/GRACE‐FO Satellite Data	11
New Index to Characterize Ionospheric Irregularity Distribution	10
Quantitative Assessment of GOES 8–15 > ${ >} $0.6 and > ${ >} $4 MeV Radiation Belt Electron Fluxes	10
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Interpretable Machine Learning to Forecast SEP Events for Solar Cycle 23	10
Space Weather Into the 2030s: The 2024 Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey	10
Enhanced Radiation Levels at Aviation Altitudes and Their Relationship to Plasma Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere	10
Evolution of Post‐Sunset EPBs: Relationships to the EIA Induced by Pre‐Reversal Enhancement Electric Fields	10
Extreme Event Statistics in Dst, SYM‐H, and SMR Geomagnetic Indices	10
Resolving Moving Heliospheric Structures Using Interplanetary Scintillation Observations With the Murchison Widefield Array	10
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Development and Validation of Precipitation Enhanced Densities for the Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model	10
Response of the Ionospheric TEC to SSW and Associated Geomagnetic Storm Over the American Low Latitudinal Sector	10
Validation of AMPERE Magnetic Perturbations Using Swarm	10
Radio Absorption in the Nightside Ionosphere of Mars During Solar Energetic Particle Events	10
Comparative Analysis of Higher‐Order Ionospheric Delay on PPP Long‐Term Coordinate Time Series and Residual Modeling Using Horizontal Gradients and RINEX Data	10
Measurements and Modeling of the Responses of VLF Transmitter Signals to X‐Class Solar Flares at the Great Wall Station in Antarctica	10

New Findings From Explainable SYM‐H Forecasting Using Gradient Boosting Machines	10
CMEs and SEPs During November–December 2020: A Challenge for Real‐Time Space Weather Forecasting	10
The Frequency‐Domain Characterization of Cosmic Ray Intensity Variations Before Forbush Decreases Associated With Geomagnetic Storms	10
Solar Wind and Magnetospheric Conditions for Satellite Anomalies Attributed to Shallow Internal Charging	9
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The Short‐Time Prediction of Thermospheric Mass Density Based on Ensemble‐Transfer Learning	9
Numerical Modeling and GNSS Observations of Ionospheric Depletions Due To a Small‐Lift Launch Vehicle	9
On the Geoelectric Field Response to the SSC of the May 2024 Super Storm Over Europe	9
Quantifying Uncertainties in the Quiet‐Time Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Using WAM‐IPE	9
Estimation of the Solar Wind Extreme Events	9
Global Observations of the Short‐Term Disturbances in the Geomagnetic Field and Induced Currents During the Supersubstorms Events of Solar Cycle 24	9
ED‐Autoformer: A New Model for Precise Global TEC Forecast	9
On the Growth and Evolution of Nocturnal Ionospheric Irregularities Using HF Radar Observations Along With Digisonde and GNSS Data Over Trivandrum, India	9
SIR‐HUXt—A Particle Filter Data Assimilation Scheme for CME Time‐Elongation Profiles	9
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The Impact of Lower Atmosphere Forecast Uncertainties on WACCM‐X Prediction of Ionosphere‐Thermosphere System During Geomagnetic Storms	9
Super‐Intense Geomagnetic Storm on 10–11 May 2024: Possible Mechanisms and Impacts	9
2024 Decadal Survey for Space and Solar Physics: Space Weather Inputs	9
Issue Information	9
TEC Map Completion Through a Deep Learning Model: SNP‐GAN	9
The Growth of Ring Current/SYM‐H Under Northward IMF Bz Conditions Present During the 21–22 January 2005 Geomagnetic Storm	9
Comparative Analysis of TPA‐LSTM and Transformer Models for Forecasting GEO Radiation Belt Electron Fluxes	9
Predicting Equatorial Spread F at JICAMARCA Sector Via Supervised Machine Learning	9
Statistical Relations Between Ionospheric Conductance and Precipitating Electrons Derived From Direct Conjugate Observations	9
Mapping a Magnetic Superstorm: March 1989 Geoelectric Hazards and Impacts on United States Power Systems	9
Solar Transient Recognition Using Deep Learning (STRUDL) for Heliospheric Imager Data	9
Dynamical Complexity Transitions During High‐Intensity Long Duration Continuous Auroral Activities (HILDCAA) Events: Feature Analysis Based on Neural Network Entropy	9
Multi‐Hour‐Ahead Dst Index Prediction Using Multi‐Fidelity Boosted Neural Networks	9
Impact of Ionospheric Scintillations on GNSS Availability and Precise Positioning	9
Influence of Solar Wind High‐Speed Streams on the Brazilian Low‐Latitude Ionosphere During the Descending Phase of Solar Cycle 24	9
Modeling TEC Irregularities in the Arctic Ionosphere Using Empirical Orthogonal Function Method	8
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Beacon2Science: Enhancing STEREO/HI Beacon Data With Machine Learning for Efficient CME Tracking	8
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Observations and Modeling Investigations of Ionospheric Response to 23–24 April 2023, G4‐Class Geomagnetic Storm Over Indian Sector	8
Observations of Unusual Postsunrise Interhemispheric Geomagnetic Conjugate Super Plasma Depletions at Midlatitudes During the Recovery Phase of the November 2003 Superstorm	8
Specifying Satellite Drag Through Coupled Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Data Assimilation of Radio Occultation Electron Density Profiles	8
Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015	8
Specifying High Altitude Electrons Using Low‐Altitude LEO Systems: Updates to the SHELLS Model	8
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Understanding Strong Neutral Vertical Winds and Ionospheric Responses to the 2015 St. Patrick's Day Storm Using TIEGCM Driven by Data‐Assimilated Aurora and Electric Fields	8
Ionospheric Response to the M‐ and X‐Class Solar Flares of 28 October 2021 Over the African Sector	8
Solar Wind—Magnetosphere Coupling Functions: Pitfalls, Limitations, and Applications	8
A Method to Mitigate the Effects of Strong Geomagnetic Storm on GNSS Precise Point Positioning	8
MEMPSEP‐I. Forecasting the Probability of Solar Energetic Particle Event Occurrence Using a Multivariate Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks	8
Improving Precise Orbit Determination of LEO Satellites Using Enhanced Solar Radiation Pressure Modeling	8
Over 20‐Year Global Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of Earth's Magnetosphere	8
Responses of the African and American Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) to 2014 Arctic SSW Events	8
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Ionospheric Scintillation and Geomagnetic Disturbance Caused by Space Hurricanes	8
PyIRI: Whole‐Globe Approach to the International Reference Ionosphere Modeling Implemented in Python	8
PyIRTAM: A New Module of PyIRI for IRTAM Coefficients	8
A Prediction Model of Relativistic Electrons at Geostationary Orbit Using the EMD‐LSTM Network and Geomagnetic Indices	8
A Transfer Learning Method to Generate Synthetic Synoptic Magnetograms	8
CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum	8
Thank You to Our 2021 Peer Reviewers	8
Geomagnetically Induced Currents at Middle Latitudes: 1. Quiet‐Time Variability	8