Space Weather-The International Journal of Research and Applications

Article	Citations
Prediction of Ionograms With/Without Spread‐F at Hainan by a Combined Spatio‐Temporal Neural Network	212
The Frequency‐Domain Characterization of Cosmic Ray Intensity Variations Before Forbush Decreases Associated With Geomagnetic Storms	64
Issue Information	56
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PreMevE‐MEO: Predicting Ultra‐Relativistic Electrons Using Observations From GPS Satellites	51
Picturing Global Substorm Dynamics in the Magnetotail Using Low‐Altitude ELFIN Measurements and Data Mining‐Based Magnetic Field Reconstructions	50
Toward GIC Forecasting: Statistical Downscaling of the Geomagnetic Field to Improve Geoelectric Field Forecasts	48
Influence of Tectonic and Geological Structure on GIC in Southern South Island, New Zealand	46
Issue Information	38
Ionospheric TEC Prediction Based on Ensemble Learning Models	37
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Forecasting Equatorial Ionospheric Convective Instability With ICON Satellite Measurements	32
Numerical Modeling and GNSS Observations of Ionospheric Depletions Due To a Small‐Lift Launch Vehicle	29
Investigating the Interhemispheric Asymmetry in Joule Heating During the 2013 St. Patrick's Day Geomagnetic Storm	29
Improving Electron Density Predictions in the Topside of the Ionosphere Using Machine Learning on In Situ Satellite Data	27
Issue Information	26
Credit Where Credit Is Due: Data and Software in the Space Weather Community	25
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The Growth and Decay of Intense GNSS Amplitude and Phase Scintillation During Non‐Storm Conditions	23
Impact of Ionospheric Scintillations on GNSS Availability and Precise Positioning	23
Space Weather Into the 2030s: The 2024 Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey	22
Radiation Exposure and Shielding Effects on the Lunar Surface	22
RA‐ConvLSTM: Recurrent‐Architecture Attentional ConvLSTM Networks for Prediction of Global Total Electron Content	22
The Impact of Lower Atmosphere Forecast Uncertainties on WACCM‐X Prediction of Ionosphere‐Thermosphere System During Geomagnetic Storms	22
Issue Information	22

Optimizing Polar Air Traffic: Strategies for Mitigating the Effects of Space Weather‐Induced Communication Failures Poleward of 82°N	22
Super‐Intense Geomagnetic Storm on 10–11 May 2024: Possible Mechanisms and Impacts	22
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Multi‐Hour‐Ahead Dst Index Prediction Using Multi‐Fidelity Boosted Neural Networks	20
New Findings From Explainable SYM‐H Forecasting Using Gradient Boosting Machines	20
Observations of Geomagnetic Crochet at High‐Latitudes Due To X1.5 Class Solar Flare on 3 July 2021	20
Achievements and Lessons Learned From Successful Small Satellite Missions for Space Weather‐Oriented Research	20
Forecasting Ionospheric foF2 Using Bidirectional LSTM and Attention Mechanism	20
Issue Information	20
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Ground GNSS Station Selection to Generate the Global Ionosphere Maps Using the Information Content	18
Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of the SET HASDM Database	18
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Intense, Long‐Duration Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) Caused by Intense Substorm Clusters	18
A Statistical Model of Inner Magnetospheric Electron Density: Van Allen Probes Observations	18
Dynamical Complexity Transitions During High‐Intensity Long Duration Continuous Auroral Activities (HILDCAA) Events: Feature Analysis Based on Neural Network Entropy	18
Upper‐Atmosphere Mass Density Variations From CASSIOPE Precise Orbits	18
A Multicomponent Magnetic Proxy for Solar Activity	17
Assessment of Using Field‐Aligned Currents to Drive the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model: A Case Study for the 2013 St Patrick’s Day Geomagnetic Storm	17
Using Temporal Relationship of Thermospheric Density With Geomagnetic Activity Indices and Joule Heating as Calibration for NRLMSISE‐00 During Geomagnetic Storms	16
Low Altitude Tailing Es (LATTE): Analysis of Sporadic‐E Layer Height at Different Latitudes of Middle and Low Region	16
Global Observations of the Short‐Term Disturbances in the Geomagnetic Field and Induced Currents During the Supersubstorms Events of Solar Cycle 24	16
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Difference in the Sporadic E Layer Occurrence Ratio Between the Southern and Northern Low Magnetic Latitude Regions as Observed by COSMIC Radio Occultation Data	15
Response of the Ionospheric TEC to SSW and Associated Geomagnetic Storm Over the American Low Latitudinal Sector	15
Global Variations in the Time Delays Between Polar Ionospheric Heating and the Neutral Density Response	15
Daily Dynamo Electric Fields Derived by Using Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Crests of the Total Electron Content	15
Substorm Induced Nighttime Plasma Flow Pulsations Observed by ROCSAT‐1 at Topside Ionosphere	14
Assessing the Impact of Weak and Moderate Geomagnetic Storms on UK Power Station Transformers	14
MEMPSEP‐III. A Machine Learning‐Oriented Multivariate Data Set for Forecasting the Occurrence and Properties of Solar Energetic Particle Events Using a Multivariate Ensemble Approach	14
Linkage of Equatorial Ionization Anomaly With the Day‐To‐Day Occurrence of Postsunset Irregularities and Scintillation in Low‐Latitude Region Around 110°E	14
Improving Thermospheric Density Predictions in Low‐Earth Orbit With Machine Learning	14
Parameter Distributions for the Drag‐Based Modeling of CME Propagation	14
Interpretable Machine Learning to Forecast SEP Events for Solar Cycle 23	14
A Surrogate Model for Studying Solar Energetic Particle Transport and the Seed Population	14
Issue Information	14
Development and Validation of Precipitation Enhanced Densities for the Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model	14
Thank You to Our 2022 Peer Reviewers	14
Estimation of the Solar Wind Extreme Events	13
Solar Energetic Particle Events Detected in the Housekeeping Data of the European Space Agency's Spacecraft Flotilla in the Solar System	13
Leveraging the CYGNSS Spaceborne GNSS‐R Observations to Detect Ionospheric Irregularities Over the Oceans: Method and Verification	13
Forecasting the Probability of Large Rates of Change of the Geomagnetic Field in the UK: Timescales, Horizons, and Thresholds	13
On Generalized Additive Models for Representation of Solar EUV Irradiance	13
Solar Origins of August 26, 2018 Geomagnetic Storm: Responses of the Interplanetary Medium and Equatorial/Low‐Latitude Ionosphere to the Storm	13
Climatology of Dayside E‐Region Zonal Neutral Wind Shears From ICON‐MIGHTI Observations	12
Impacts of Different Causes on the Inter‐Hemispheric Asymmetry of Ionosphere‐Thermosphere System at Mid‐ and High‐Latitudes: GITM Simulations	12
TEC Map Completion Through a Deep Learning Model: SNP‐GAN	12

2024 Decadal Survey for Space and Solar Physics: Space Weather Inputs	12
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Large Geomagnetically Induced Currents at Equator Caused by an Interplanetary Magnetic Cloud	12
SRF2—A Short‐Term (1–24)h foF2 Prediction Method	12
On the Geoelectric Field Response to the SSC of the May 2024 Super Storm Over Europe	12
Statistical Analysis of Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Over Japan Based on Deep Learning Instance Segmentation	12
Prediction of Energetic Electrons in the Inner Radiation Belt and Slot Region With a Double‐Layer LSTM Neural Network Model	12
Quantifying Uncertainties in the Quiet‐Time Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Using WAM‐IPE	11
Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics	11
E‐CHAIM as a Model of Total Electron Content: Performance and Diagnostics	11
A Hybrid Deep Learning‐Based Forecasting Model for the Peak Height of Ionospheric F2 Layer	11
Development of Space Weather Reasonable Worst‐Case Scenarios for the UK National Risk Assessment	11
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NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center Radiation Advisories for the International Civil Aviation Organization	11
Two‐Line Elements Based Thermospheric Mass Density Specification From Parameter Optimization of a Physics‐Based Model	11
Investigating the Impacts of Ionospheric Irregularities on Precise Point Positioning Over China and Its Mechanism	11
Development of a High‐Latitude Convection Model by Application of Machine Learning to SuperDARN Observations	11
A Series of Advances in Analytic Interplanetary CME Modeling	11
Inner Radiation Belt Simulations During the Successive Geomagnetic Storm Event of February 2022	10
Evaluate the Impact of Regional Ionospheric Data Assimilation Model on Precise Point Positioning	10
CMEs and SEPs During November–December 2020: A Challenge for Real‐Time Space Weather Forecasting	10
Storm‐Time Characteristics of Ionospheric Model (MSAP) Based on Multi‐Algorithm Fusion	10
What Drove the GICs >10 A During the 17 March 2013 Event at Mäntsälä? A Novel Framework for Distinguishing the Magnetospheric Sources	10
Evaluating Radio Occultation (RO) Constellation Designs Using Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) for Ionospheric Specification	10
Improved Boundary Conditions for Coupled Geospace Models: An Application in Modeling Spacecraft Surface Charging Environment	10
MAOOA‐Residual‐Attention‐BiConvLSTM: An Automated Deep Learning Framework for Global TEC Map Prediction	10
Issue Information	10
Evidence From Galactic Cosmic Rays That the Sun Has Likely Entered a Secular Minimum in Solar Activity	10
Mapping a Magnetic Superstorm: March 1989 Geoelectric Hazards and Impacts on United States Power Systems	9
Issue Information	9
Synthesis‐Style Auto‐Correlation‐Based Transformer: A Learner on Ionospheric TEC Series Forecasting	9
SpaceX—Sailing Close to the Space Weather?	9
The Short‐Time Prediction of the Energetic Electron Flux in the Planetary Radiation Belt Based on Stacking Ensemble‐Learning Algorithm	9
Toward More Accurate GIC Estimations in the Portuguese Power Network	9
Issue Information	9
Modeling Equatorial to Mid‐Latitudinal Global Night Time Ionospheric Plasma Irregularities Using Machine Learning	9
Forecasting GICs and Geoelectric Fields From Solar Wind Data Using LSTMs: Application in Austria	9
Daytime Equatorial Spread F‐Like Irregularities Detected by HF Doppler Receiver and Digisonde	9
Geomagnetically Induced Current Model in New Zealand Across Multiple Disturbances: Validation and Extension to Non‐Monitored Transformers	9
Distribution and Occurrence Frequency of dB/dt Spikes During Magnetic Storms 1980–2020	9
Evaluating Auroral Forecasts Against Satellite Observations	9
Enhanced Radiation Levels at Aviation Altitudes and Their Relationship to Plasma Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere	9
Ensemble Modeling of Radiation Belt Electron Acceleration by Chorus Waves: Dependence on Key Input Parameters	9
Modeling the Dynamic Variability of Sub‐Relativistic Outer Radiation Belt Electron Fluxes Using Machine Learning	9
The Northern and Southern Hemispheric Asymmetries of Mesospheric Ozone at High Latitudes During the January 2012 Solar Proton Events	8
Long‐Term Variations of Energetic Electrons Scattered by Signals From the North West Cape Transmitter	8
Toward Accurate Physics‐Based Specifications of Neutral Density Using GNSS‐Enabled Small Satellites	8
ANCHOR: Global Parametrized Ionospheric Data Assimilation	8
Reconstruction of the Radiation Belts for Solar Cycles 17–24 (1933–2017)	8
Using Solar Orbiter as an Upstream Solar Wind Monitor for Real Time Space Weather Predictions	8
Ensemble Forecasts of Solar Wind Connectivity to 1 Rs Using ADAPT‐WSA	8
Development of a Regional F‐Region Critical Frequency Model for Southern Africa	8
Geomagnetically Induced Currents at Middle Latitudes: 1. Quiet‐Time Variability	8
Machine Learning for Predicting the Bz Magnetic Field Component From Upstream in Situ Observations of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections	8
Geosynchronous Magnetopause Crossings and Their Relationships With Magnetic Storms and Substorms	8
Studying the Fixing Rate of GPS PPP Ambiguity Resolution Under Different Geomagnetic Storm Intensities	8
Statistical Characteristics of Nighttime Medium‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances From 10‐Years of Airglow Observation by the Machine Learning Method	8
Disappearance of the Polar Cap Ionosphere During Geomagnetic Storm on 11 May 2019	8
Characteristics and Sources of Intense Geoelectric Fields in the United States: Comparative Analysis of Multiple Geomagnetic Storms	8
Radiation Belt Daily Average Electron Flux Model (RB‐Daily‐E) From the Seven‐Year Van Allen Probes Mission and Its Application to Interpret GPS On‐Orbit Solar Array Degradation	8
Empirical Model of Equatorial ElectroJet (EEJ) Using Long‐Term Observations From the Indian Sector	8
MHD Study of Extreme Space Weather Conditions for Exoplanets With Earth‐Like Magnetospheres: On Habitability Conditions and Radio‐Emission	8
Augmenting Traditional Networks With Data Buys Can Support Science, as Well as Operations	8
Observations of Unusual Daytime Range Spread F at Middle Latitude During the Afternoon Hours	8
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Prediction of Global Ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) Based on SAM‐ConvLSTM Model	7
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Validation of Simulated Statistical Characteristics of Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Coupling in Global Geospace Simulations Over an Entire Carrington Rotation	7
Can We Intercalibrate Satellite Measurements by Means of Data Assimilation? An Attempt on LEO Satellites	7
The Response of Ionospheric Currents to External Drivers Investigated Using a Neural Network‐Based Model	7
Anomalous Long‐Distance Propagation of ILS LOC Signals by the Es Layer and Its Impact on Aviation Receivers	7
Issue Information	7
Comparison of JPL and ESP Solar Proton Fluence Models Using the Background‐Subtracted RDSv2.0 Data Set	7
Enhanced Sporadic E Layer and Its Perturbations During the 2022 Hunga Volcanic Eruption	7
Multi‐Site Transfer Function Approach for Real‐Time Modeling of the Ground Electric Field Induced by Laterally‐Nonuniform Ionospheric Source	7
A Bayesian Inference‐Based Empirical Model for Scintillation Indices for High‐Latitude	7
A 3D Empirical Model of Electron Density Based on CSES Radio Occultation Measurements	7

Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015	7
Modeling Ring Current Proton Fluxes Using Artificial Neural Network and Van Allen Probe Measurements	7
Modeling TEC Irregularities in the Arctic Ionosphere Using Empirical Orthogonal Function Method	7
Issue Information	7
Magnetic Signatures of Ionospheric Disturbance Dynamo for CME and HSSWs Generated Storms	7
Thank You to Our 2021 Peer Reviewers	7
Issue Information	7
One‐Dimensional Variational Ionospheric Retrieval Using Radio Occultation Bending Angles: 2. Validation	7
Impacts of GIC on the New Zealand Gas Pipeline Network	7
Responses of the African and American Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) to 2014 Arctic SSW Events	7
Unfolding the Neutron Flux Spectrum on the Surface of Mars Using the MSL‐RAD and Odyssey‐HEND Data	6
The Potential for a Networked Ionospheric Sounding Constellation	6
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Probabilistic Short‐Term Solar Driver Forecasting With Neural Network Ensembles	6
Ionospheric Disturbances Observed From a Single GPS Station in Hong Kong During the Passage of Super Typhoon Hato in 2017	6
Analysis of Long‐Term GIC Measurements in Transformers in Austria	6
Statistical Characterization of GITM Thermospheric Horizontal Winds in Comparison to GOCE Estimations	6
Which Upstream Solar Wind Conditions Matter Most in Predicting Bz Within Coronal Mass Ejections	6
OSPREI: A Coupled Approach to Modeling CME‐Driven Space Weather With Automatically Generated, User‐Friendly Outputs	6
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MEMPSEP‐I. Forecasting the Probability of Solar Energetic Particle Event Occurrence Using a Multivariate Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks	6
Specifying High Altitude Electrons Using Low‐Altitude LEO Systems: Updates to the SHELLS Model	6
A Transfer Learning Method to Generate Synthetic Synoptic Magnetograms	6
Issue Information	6
The Influence of Spacecraft Latitudinal Offset on the Accuracy of Corotation Forecasts	6
Space Weather in the Popular Media, and the Opportunities the Upcoming Solar Maximum Brings	6
Geoelectric Field Estimations During Geomagnetic Storm in North China From SinoProbe Magnetotelluric Impedances	6
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What Is the Radiation Impact of Extreme Solar Energetic Particle Events on Mars?	6
Real‐Time 3‐D Modeling of the Ground Electric Field Due To Space Weather Events. A Concept and Its Validation	6
PreMevE Update: Forecasting Ultra‐Relativistic Electrons Inside Earth's Outer Radiation Belt	6
Forecasting GIC Activity Associated With Solar Wind Shocks for the Australian Region Power Network	6
The Short‐Time Prediction of Thermospheric Mass Density Based on Ensemble‐Transfer Learning	6
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Statistical Characteristics of Total Electron Content Intensifications on Global Ionospheric Maps	6
Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data	6
Daytime F Region Echoes at Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Crest During Geomagnetic Quiet Period: Observations From Multi‐Instruments	6
Issue Information	6
High‐Resolution Sporadic E Layer Observation Based on Ionosonde Using a Cross‐Spectrum Analysis Imaging Technique	6
A Framework to Estimate Local Atmospheric Densities With Reduced Drag‐Coefficient Biases	5
The Prediction of Storm‐Time Thermospheric Mass Density by LSTM‐Based Ensemble Learning	5
Extreme Relativistic Electron Fluxes in GPS Orbit: Analysis of NS41 BDD‐IIR Data	5
CME Evolution in the Structured Heliosphere and Effects at Earth and Mars During Solar Minimum	5
A Study of the Performances of Widely Used External Magnetic Field Models in the Outer Zone of the Earth's Radiation Belts by Comparing the Field Observations From Van Allen Probe‐A and the Model Esti	5
Modeling the Impact of Geomagnetically Induced Currents on Electrified Railway Signaling Systems in the United Kingdom	5
Nowcasting Solar EUV Irradiance With Photospheric Magnetic Fields and the Mg II Index	5
Over 20‐Year Global Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of Earth's Magnetosphere	5
The GOES‐R Solar UltraViolet Imager	5
On the Properties of and Ionospheric Conditions Associated With a Mid‐Latitude Scintillation Event Observed Over Southern United States	5
Comparative Analysis of TPA‐LSTM and Transformer Models for Forecasting GEO Radiation Belt Electron Fluxes	5
Issue Information	5
An Adaptive X‐Ray Dynamic Image Estimation Method Based on OMNI Solar Wind Parameters and SXI Simulated Observations	5
The Impact of Non‐Equilibrium Plasma Distributions on Solar Wind Measurements by Vigil's Plasma Analyser	5
A Substorm‐Dependent Negative Limit of Non‐Eclipse Surface Charging of a Chinese Geosynchronous Satellite	5
A Real‐Time Prediction System of the Intensity of Solar Energetic Proton Events Based on a Solution of the Diffusion Equation	5
Attention‐Based Machine Vision Models and Techniques for Solar Wind Speed Forecasting Using Solar EUV Images	5
Real‐Time Thermospheric Density Estimation via Radar and GPS Tracking Data Assimilation	5
Specifying Satellite Drag Through Coupled Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Data Assimilation of Radio Occultation Electron Density Profiles	5
Ionospheric Disturbances Over the Indian Sector During 8 September 2017 Geomagnetic Storm: Plasma Structuring and Propagation	5
Solar Tide‐like Signatures in the Ionospheric Total Electron Content During the 2018 Sudden Stratospheric Warming Event	5
The Effect of Midnight Temperature Maximum Winds on Post‐Midnight Equatorial Spread F	5
Real‐Time Monitoring of Ionosphere VTEC Using Multi‐GNSS Carrier‐Phase Observations and B‐Splines	5
Global Observations of Geomagnetically Induced Currents Caused by an Extremely Intense Density Pulse During a Coronal Mass Ejection	5
Mid‐Latitude Study of Ionospheric Variation Over Iran Associated With Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), and Artificial Neural Networks Model Development	5
Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction of Tongue of Ionization During the 11 October 2010 Geomagnetic Storm and Evolution Analysis With TIEGCM	5
Validating a UK Geomagnetically Induced Current Model Using Differential Magnetometer Measurements	5
Mid‐Latitude Double H‐Spikes: Their Properties and Signatures in Different Geomagnetic Indices	5
Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Evolution of Radiation Belt Electrons Scattered by Lower Band Chorus Waves: An Integrated Model	5
Improving Precise Orbit Determination of LEO Satellites Using Enhanced Solar Radiation Pressure Modeling	5
SIR‐HUXt—A Particle Filter Data Assimilation Scheme for CME Time‐Elongation Profiles	5
Solar Cycle Variability in Coronal Holes and Their Effects on Solar Wind Sources	5
The Growth of Ring Current/SYM‐H Under Northward IMF Bz Conditions Present During the 21–22 January 2005 Geomagnetic Storm	5
Modeling “Wrong Side” Failures Caused by Geomagnetically Induced Currents in Electrified Railway Signaling Systems in the UK	5
Deep Electron Density Depletion Near Sunset Terminator on St. Patrick's Day Storm and Its Impacts on Skywave Propagation	5
On the Ionospheric Disturbances in New Zealand and Australia Following the Eruption of the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcano on 15 January 2022	5
On the Growth and Evolution of Nocturnal Ionospheric Irregularities Using HF Radar Observations Along With Digisonde and GNSS Data Over Trivandrum, India	5
Investigating the Trip of a Transformer in Sweden During the 24 April 2023 Storm	5
Development of the Chinese Dual Auroral Radar Network and Preliminary Results	5
Thank You to Our 2020 Reviewers	4
Comparisons of Energetic Electron Observations Between FIREBIRD‐II CubeSats and POES/MetOp Satellites From 2018 to 2020	4
Influence of Solar Wind High‐Speed Streams on the Brazilian Low‐Latitude Ionosphere During the Descending Phase of Solar Cycle 24	4
The Need for a Sub‐L1 Space Weather Research Mission: Current Knowledge Gaps on Coronal Mass Ejections	4
Issue Information	4
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A Global Thermospheric Density Prediction Framework Based on a Deep Evidential Method	4
Space Weather Effects on Transportation Systems: A Review of Current Understanding and Future Outlook	4
NEUVAC: Nonlinear Extreme Ultraviolet Irradiance Model for Aeronomic Calculations	4
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Evaluating Proton Intensities for the SMILE Mission	4
Plain Language Summaries Required for Submission to the Space Weather Journal	4
A Novel Short‐Term Prediction Model for Regional Equatorial Plasma Bubble Irregularities in East and Southeast Asia	4
Observations of Unusual Postsunrise Interhemispheric Geomagnetic Conjugate Super Plasma Depletions at Midlatitudes During the Recovery Phase of the November 2003 Superstorm	4
Assessing the Effects of a Minor CIR‐HSS Geomagnetic Storm on the Brazilian Low‐Latitude Ionosphere: Ground and Space‐Based Observations	4