BMC Medical Research Methodology

Article	Citations
Interrupted time series analysis using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models: a guide for evaluating large-scale health interventions	313
Conducting proportional meta-analysis in different types of systematic reviews: a guide for synthesisers of evidence	283
IPDfromKM: reconstruct individual patient data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves	266
COSMIN Risk of Bias tool to assess the quality of studies on reliability or measurement error of outcome measurement instruments: a Delphi study	254
Major adverse cardiovascular event definitions used in observational analysis of administrative databases: a systematic review	170
Real-world data: a brief review of the methods, applications, challenges and opportunities	134
Open science saves lives: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic	129
Mediation analysis methods used in observational research: a scoping review and recommendations	121
COVID-19-related medical research: a meta-research and critical appraisal	111
Sample size calculation for prevalence studies using Scalex and ScalaR calculators	92
Managing overlap of primary study results across systematic reviews: practical considerations for authors of overviews of reviews	88
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on publication dynamics and non-COVID-19 research production	80
Most published meta-regression analyses based on aggregate data suffer from methodological pitfalls: a meta-epidemiological study	75
Conceptualising natural and quasi experiments in public health	68
Machine learning in medicine: a practical introduction to natural language processing	68
A narrative review on the validity of electronic health record-based research in epidemiology	65
Completeness of reporting of clinical prediction models developed using supervised machine learning: a systematic review	60
Using a distribution-based approach and systematic review methods to derive minimum clinically important differences	59
Application of machine learning in predicting hospital readmissions: a scoping review of the literature	58
Methodological guidance for the evaluation and updating of clinical prediction models: a systematic review	57
Facilitating harmonized data quality assessments. A data quality framework for observational health research data collections with software implementations in R	57
A scoping review of Q-methodology in healthcare research	56
Comparison of six statistical methods for interrupted time series studies: empirical evaluation of 190 published series	54
Quality assessment tools used in systematic reviews of in vitro studies: A systematic review	53
Methodological conduct of prognostic prediction models developed using machine learning in oncology: a systematic review	48

Epistemonikos: a comprehensive database of systematic reviews for health decision-making	46
Developing a toolkit for increasing the participation of black, Asian and minority ethnic communities in health and social care research	45
A roadmap to using randomization in clinical trials	45
Estimating age-specific COVID-19 fatality risk and time to death by comparing population diagnosis and death patterns: Australian data	41
Re-evaluation of the comparative effectiveness of bootstrap-based optimism correction methods in the development of multivariable clinical prediction models	39
TIDieR-telehealth: precision in reporting of telehealth interventions used in clinical trials - unique considerations for the Template for the Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checkli	39
A comparative study on deep learning models for text classification of unstructured medical notes with various levels of class imbalance	38
Guidance for using artificial intelligence for title and abstract screening while conducting knowledge syntheses	38
Survival prediction models since liver transplantation - comparisons between Cox models and machine learning techniques	37
The unintended consequences of COVID-19 mitigation measures matter: practical guidance for investigating them	37
Standardizing registry data to the OMOP Common Data Model: experience from three pulmonary hypertension databases	36
Evaluating complex interventions in context: systematic, meta-narrative review of case study approaches	35
Qualitative longitudinal research in health research: a method study	35
Evaluation of statistical methods used in the analysis of interrupted time series studies: a simulation study	34
Meta-DiSc 2.0: a web application for meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy data	33
Abstract screening using the automated tool Rayyan: results of effectiveness in three diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews	33
Assessing the hospital volume-outcome relationship in surgery: a scoping review	33
Health and study dropout: health aspects differentially predict attrition	32
Use of machine learning techniques to identify HIV predictors for screening in sub-Saharan Africa	32
Random survival forests for dynamic predictions of a time-to-event outcome using a longitudinal biomarker	31
Generative adversarial networks for imputing missing data for big data clinical research	31
Statistical analysis of two arm randomized pre-post designs with one post-treatment measurement	31
Inverse probability weighting to handle attrition in cohort studies: some guidance and a call for caution	30
Using Trial Sequential Analysis for estimating the sample sizes of further trials: example using smoking cessation intervention	29
A tutorial on the case time series design for small-area analysis	29
Comparative analysis of explainable machine learning prediction models for hospital mortality	29
Analysis of COVID-19 data using neutrosophic Kruskal Wallis H test	29
Does group-based trajectory modeling estimate spurious trajectories?	28
Which test for crossing survival curves? A user’s guideline	28
The use of experimental vignette studies to identify drivers of variations in the delivery of health care: a scoping review	28
Using linear and natural cubic splines, SITAR, and latent trajectory models to characterise nonlinear longitudinal growth trajectories in cohort studies	27
Inferencing superspreading potential using zero-truncated negative binomial model: exemplification with COVID-19	27
Need of care in interpreting Google Trends-based COVID-19 infodemiological study results: potential risk of false-positivity	26
Strengthening methods for tracking adaptations and modifications to implementation strategies	25
Noncollapsibility and its role in quantifying confounding bias in logistic regression	25
Response rate of patient reported outcomes: the delivery method matters	25
Making implementation science more real	25
Instruments to measure fear of COVID-19: a diagnostic systematic review	25
Automating risk of bias assessment in systematic reviews: a real-time mixed methods comparison of human researchers to a machine learning system	24
Similarities, reliability and gaps in assessing the quality of conduct of systematic reviews using AMSTAR-2 and ROBIS: systematic survey of nutrition reviews	24
Ripple effects mapping: capturing the wider impacts of systems change efforts in public health	24
Strategies for assessing the impact of loss to follow-up on estimates of neurodevelopmental impairment in a very preterm cohort at 2 years of age	23
Survival prediction models: an introduction to discrete-time modeling	23
Time series prediction of under-five mortality rates for Nigeria: comparative analysis of artificial neural networks, Holt-Winters exponential smoothing and autoregressive integrated moving average mo	23
Machine learning in medicine: a practical introduction to techniques for data pre-processing, hyperparameter tuning, and model comparison	22
Machine learning computational tools to assist the performance of systematic reviews: A mapping review	22
On model-based time trend adjustments in platform trials with non-concurrent controls	22
Minimal important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for pain, Constant-Murley score and Simple Shoulder Test in patients with subacromial pain syndrome	22
CHARMS and PROBAST at your fingertips: a template for data extraction and risk of bias assessment in systematic reviews of predictive models	22
LASSO type penalized spline regression for binary data	22

Should samples be weighted to decrease selection bias in online surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data from seven datasets	22
Immortal time bias for life-long conditions in retrospective observational studies using electronic health records	22
Improving the use of focus group discussions in low income settings	21
Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a COVID-19 randomized controlled trial: a practical example	21
Missing not at random in end of life care studies: multiple imputation and sensitivity analysis on data from the ACTION study	21
Methods to support evidence-informed decision-making in the midst of COVID-19: creation and evolution of a rapid review service from the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools	21
Patient-centered practices for engaging transgender and gender diverse patients in clinical research studies	20
Interrater reliability estimators tested against true interrater reliabilities	20
Oversampling and replacement strategies in propensity score matching: a critical review focused on small sample size in clinical settings	20
Informing the research agenda for optimizing audit and feedback interventions: results of a prioritization exercise	19
Statistical methods for the analysis of adverse event data in randomised controlled trials: a scoping review and taxonomy	19
Predictive P-score for treatment ranking in Bayesian network meta-analysis	19
A new infodemiological approach through Google Trends: longitudinal analysis of COVID-19 scientific and infodemic names in Italy	19
COVID-19 impact on mental health	19
A meta-review demonstrates improved reporting quality of qualitative reviews following the publication of COREQ- and ENTREQ-checklists, regardless of modest uptake	19
The minimal perceived change: a formal model of the responder definition according to the patient’s meaning of change for patient-reported outcome data analysis and interpretation	19
The impact of lookback windows on the prevalence and incidence of chronic diseases among people living with HIV: an exploration in administrative health data in Canada	18
Machine learning approach for the prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy	18
Item response theory and differential test functioning analysis of the HBSC-Symptom-Checklist across 46 countries	18
The injury severity score: an operations perspective	18
A review of the use of controlled multiple imputation in randomised controlled trials with missing outcome data	18
Growth mixture models: a case example of the longitudinal analysis of patient‐reported outcomes data captured by a clinical registry	18
Methodology in core outcome set (COS) development: the impact of patient interviews and using a 5-point versus a 9-point Delphi rating scale on core outcome selection in a COS development study	18
Ensemble bootstrap methodology for forecasting dynamic growth processes using differential equations: application to epidemic outbreaks	18
Consequences of ignoring clustering in linear regression	17
Fast and optimal algorithm for case-control matching using registry data: application on the antibiotics use of colorectal cancer patients	17
Intention-to-treat analysis may be more conservative than per protocol analysis in antibiotic non-inferiority trials: a systematic review	17
Comparing multiple statistical software for multiple-indicator, multiple-cause modeling: an application of gender disparity in adult cognitive functioning using MIDUS II dataset	17
Short-term real-time prediction of total number of reported COVID-19 cases and deaths in South Africa: a data driven approach	17
Spatial data analysis of malnutrition among children under-five years in Ethiopia	17
Estimating effects of health policy interventions using interrupted time-series analyses: a simulation study	16
Design and implementation of a massive open online course on enhancing the recruitment of minorities in clinical trials – Faster Together	16
Hospital workers mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: methods of data collection and characteristics of study sample in a university hospital in Milan (Italy)	16
A scoping review of studies using observational data to optimise dynamic treatment regimens	16
Methods for the inclusion of real-world evidence in network meta-analysis	16
On Jones et al.’s method for extending Bland-Altman plots to limits of agreement with the mean for multiple observers	16
Nothing wrong about change: the adequate choice of the dependent variable and design in prediction of cognitive training success	16
Moving beyond the classic difference-in-differences model: a simulation study comparing statistical methods for estimating effectiveness of state-level policies	15
Simple Excel and ICD-10 based dataset calculator for the Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity indices	15
Dementia risk prediction in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of Cox regression and machine learning models	15
Virtual controls as an alternative to randomized controlled trials for assessing efficacy of interventions	15
Patient-reported outcome measures for physical function in cancer patients: content comparison of the EORTC CAT Core, EORTC QLQ-C30, SF-36, FACT-G, and PROMIS measures using the International Classifi	15
Estimating restricted mean survival time and expected life-years lost in the presence of competing risks within flexible parametric survival models	15
Impact of vaccine prioritization strategies on mitigating COVID-19: an agent-based simulation study using an urban region in the United States	15
Predicting postoperative surgical site infection with administrative data: a random forests algorithm	15
A framework to model global, regional, and national estimates of intimate partner violence	15
Characteristics and patient-reported outcomes associated with dropout in severely affected oncological patients: an exploratory study	14
Machine learning is an effective method to predict the 90-day prognosis of patients with transient ischemic attack and minor stroke	14
Characteristics and practices of school-based cluster randomised controlled trials for improving health outcomes in pupils in the United Kingdom: a methodological systematic review	14
Forecasting COVID-19 cases using time series modeling and association rule mining	14
To tune or not to tune, a case study of ridge logistic regression in small or sparse datasets	14
Estimating the natural indirect effect and the mediation proportion via the product method	14
Bayesian Hodges-Lehmann tests for statistical equivalence in the two-sample setting: Power analysis, type I error rates and equivalence boundary selection in biomedical research	14
A framework for exploring non-response patterns over time in health surveys	14
Variance constraints strongly influenced model performance in growth mixture modeling: a simulation and empirical study	14
Comparing regression modeling strategies for predicting hometime	14
The hunt for efficient, incomplete designs for stepped wedge trials with continuous recruitment and continuous outcome measures	13
Recruiting general practitioners and patients with dementia into a cluster randomised controlled trial: strategies, barriers and facilitators	13
Incorporating and addressing testing bias within estimates of epidemic dynamics for SARS-CoV-2	13
Hospital mortality prediction in traumatic injuries patients: comparing different SMOTE-based machine learning algorithms	13
Using random forests to model 90-day hometime in people with stroke	13
Study retention and attrition in a longitudinal cohort study including patient-reported outcomes, fieldwork and biobank samples: results of the Netherlands quality of life and Biomedical cohort study	13
Poor reporting quality of observational clinical studies comparing treatments of COVID-19 – a retrospective cross-sectional study	13
Symptom clusters among cancer survivors: what can machine learning techniques tell us?	13
Chi-square test under indeterminacy: an application using pulse count data	13
A comparison of statistical methods for modeling count data with an application to hospital length of stay	13
Restrictions and their reporting in systematic reviews of effectiveness: an observational study	12
KMSubtraction: reconstruction of unreported subgroup survival data utilizing published Kaplan-Meier survival curves	12
Deep generative models in DataSHIELD	12
Development and validation of prediction model to estimate 10-year risk of all-cause mortality using modern statistical learning methods: a large population-based cohort study and external validation	12
Low methodological quality of systematic reviews on acupuncture: a cross-sectional study	12
Applied comparison of large‐scale propensity score matching and cardinality matching for causal inference in observational research	12
Inspection plan for COVID-19 patients for Weibull distribution using repetitive sampling under indeterminacy	12
Methodological assessment of systematic reviews of in-vitro dental studies	12
Combining the theory of change and realist evaluation approaches to elicit an initial program theory of the MomConnect program in South Africa	12
Differences between experimental and placebo arms in manual therapy trials: a methodological review	12
Recruitment and retention into longitudinal health research from an adolescent perspective: a qualitative study	12
Alternative adjustment for seasonality and long-term time-trend in time-series analysis for long-term environmental exposures and disease counts	12
Instrumental variable estimation for a time-varying treatment and a time-to-event outcome via structural nested cumulative failure time models	12
Comparing current and emerging practice models for the extrapolation of survival data: a simulation study and case-study	12

Population segmentation of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its clinical applications - a scoping review	12
A method for generating synthetic longitudinal health data	12
Are there non-linear relationships between alcohol consumption and long-term health?: a systematic review of observational studies employing approaches to improve causal inference	12
Database selection and data gathering methods in systematic reviews of qualitative research regarding diabetes mellitus - an explorative study	12
Selecting implementation models, theories, and frameworks in which to integrate intersectional approaches	12
Detecting accelerometer non-wear periods using change in acceleration combined with rate-of-change in temperature	11
When does the use of individual patient data in network meta-analysis make a difference? A simulation study	11
Identifying Potential Factors Associated with High HIV viral load in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Random Forest Analysis	11
Investigator initiated trials versus industry sponsored trials - translation of randomized controlled trials into clinical practice (IMPACT)	11
Methodological aspects for accelerometer-based assessment of physical activity in heart failure and health	11
The reporting and handling of missing data in longitudinal studies of older adults is suboptimal: a methodological survey of geriatric journals	11
Creating efficiencies in the extraction of data from randomized trials: a prospective evaluation of a machine learning and text mining tool	11
The effect of disease co-occurrence measurement on multimorbidity networks: a population-based study	11
Comparative diagnostic accuracy studies with an imperfect reference standard – a comparison of correction methods	11
External validation of existing dementia prediction models on observational health data	11
Recruitment and retention of participants from socioeconomically deprived communities: lessons from the Awareness and Beliefs About Cancer (ABACus3) Randomised Controlled Trial	11
Minimal important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain and the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) for patients with osteoarthritis at	11
Multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on catastrophic health expenditure among middle-aged and older adults with chronic diseases in China	11
Delays in reporting and publishing trial results during pandemics: cross sectional analysis of 2009 H1N1, 2014 Ebola, and 2016 Zika clinical trials	11
Development and pilot implementation of guidelines for culturally tailored research recruitment materials for African Americans and Latinos	11
Use and misuse of random forest variable importance metrics in medicine: demonstrations through incident stroke prediction	11
Neutral theory: applicability and neutrality of using generic health-related quality of life tools in diseases or conditions where specific tools are available	11
Rescaling pain intensity measures for meta-analyses of analgesic medicines for low back pain appears justified: an empirical examination from randomised trials	10
The Mann-Kendall-Sneyers test to identify the change points of COVID-19 time series in the United States	10
Incorporating single-arm studies in meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials: a simulation study	10
How can clinicians choose between conflicting and discordant systematic reviews? A replication study of the Jadad algorithm	10
Shifting research culture to address the mismatch between where trials recruit and where populations with the most disease live: a qualitative study	10
Informed Bayesian survival analysis	10
International representation of authors, editors and research in neurology journals	10
Seek COVER: using a disease proxy to rapidly develop and validate a personalized risk calculator for COVID-19 outcomes in an international network	10
Validation of Oura ring energy expenditure and steps in laboratory and free-living	10
A methodologic survey on use of the GRADE approach in evidence syntheses published in high-impact factor urology and nephrology journals	10
Application of machine learning in predicting survival outcomes involving real-world data: a scoping review	10
Predicting COVID-19 mortality risk in Toronto, Canada: a comparison of tree-based and regression-based machine learning methods	10
Interdisciplinary development of a standardized introduction to gene drives for lay audiences	10
Estimating causal effects in the presence of competing events using regression standardisation with the Stata command standsurv	10
A bayesian approach to model the underlying predictors of early recurrence and postoperative death in patients with colorectal Cancer	10
Development of a clinical tool for rating the body function categories of the ICF generic-30/rehabilitation set in Japanese rehabilitation practice and examination of its interrater reliability	10
Transformation of Rasch model logits for enhanced interpretability	10
Prediction of acute appendicitis among patients with undifferentiated abdominal pain at emergency department	10
The effect of high prevalence of missing data on estimation of the coefficients of a logistic regression model when using multiple imputation	10
Advancing data science in drug development through an innovative computational framework for data sharing and statistical analysis	10
Methodological approaches to imputing early-pregnancy weight based on weight measures collected during pregnancy	10
Using a cohort study of diabetes and peripheral artery disease to compare logistic regression and machine learning via random forest modeling	10
Statistical model building: Background “knowledge” based on inappropriate preselection causes misspecification	9
Registration and primary outcome reporting in behavioral health trials	9
A descriptive study of samples sizes used in agreement studies published in the PubMed repository	9
A systematic review and psychometric evaluation of resilience measurement scales for people living with dementia and their carers	9
Inference following multiple imputation for generalized additive models: an investigation of the median p-value rule with applications to the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry and Colorado C	9
Ordinal outcome analysis improves the detection of between-hospital differences in outcome	9
Clinical research activities during COVID-19: the point of view of a promoter of academic clinical trials	9
Development and validation of a risk index to predict kidney graft survival: the kidney transplant risk index	9
Increase in power by obtaining 10 or more controls per case when type-1 error is small in large-scale association studies	9
Synthesis of evidence on the use of ecological momentary assessments to monitor health outcomes after traumatic injury: rapid systematic review	9
On clinical trial fragility due to patients lost to follow up	9
Psychometric properties of an English short version of the Trier Inventory for chronic Stress	9
Modular literature review: a novel systematic search and review method to support priority setting in health policy and practice	9
Use of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registries to assess COVID-19 home mortality	9
Big data ordination towards intensive care event count cases using fast computing GLLVMS	9
Comparing g-computation, propensity score-based weighting, and targeted maximum likelihood estimation for analyzing externally controlled trials with both measured and unmeasured confounders: a simula	9
Flexible modelling of risk factors on the incidence of pneumonia in young children in South Africa using piece-wise exponential additive mixed modelling	9
Reporting of methods to prepare, pilot and perform data extraction in systematic reviews: analysis of a sample of 152 Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews	9
Meta-analysis using Python: a hands-on tutorial	9
Satisfaction and experience with colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review of validated patient reported outcome measures	9
Design and analysis of outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in veterans	9
Analysis of clinical and methodological characteristics of early COVID-19 treatment clinical trials: so much work, so many lost opportunities	8
Sample size requirements are not being considered in studies developing prediction models for binary outcomes: a systematic review	8
Assessing transferability in systematic reviews of health economic evaluations – a review of methodological guidance	8
A risk assessment tool for resumption of research activities during the COVID-19 pandemic for field trials in low resource settings	8
GoodReports: developing a website to help health researchers find and use reporting guidelines	8
Evaluating the performance of propensity score matching based approaches in individual patient data meta-analysis	8
Development of the global inflammatory bowel disease visualization of epidemiology studies in the 21st century (GIVES-21)	8
Adopting AMSTAR 2 critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews: speed of the tool uptake and barriers for its adoption	8
Recruitment principles and strategies for supportive care research in pediatric oncology	8
Methodology of the DCCSS later fatigue study: a model to investigate chronic fatigue in long-term survivors of childhood cancer	8
Outbreaks of publications about emerging infectious diseases: the case of SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus	8
A multi-country comparison of stochastic models of breast cancer mortality with P-splines smoothing approach	8
User experience of applying AMSTAR 2 to appraise systematic reviews of healthcare interventions: a commentary	8
Utilizing machine learning dimensionality reduction for risk stratification of chest pain patients in the emergency department	8
Methodological approaches to study context in intervention implementation studies: an evidence gap map	8
Spontaneously generated online patient experience data - how and why is it being used in health research: an umbrella scoping review	8
ELaPro, a LOINC-mapped core dataset for top laboratory procedures of eligibility screening for clinical trials	8
Overlapping-sample Mendelian randomisation with multiple exposures: a Bayesian approach	8
Crowdsourcing citation-screening in a mixed-studies systematic review: a feasibility study	8
A simple pooling method for variable selection in multiply imputed datasets outperformed complex methods	8
Statistical methods for exploring spontaneous adverse event reporting databases for drug-host factor interactions	8
Intra-database validation of case-identifying algorithms using reconstituted electronic health records from healthcare claims data	8
Evaluation of data imputation strategies in complex, deeply-phenotyped data sets: the case of the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project	8
Generating high-fidelity synthetic time-to-event datasets to improve data transparency and accessibility	8
Estimation and inference for the mediation effect in a time-varying mediation model	8
Phase I dose-escalation oncology trials with sequential multiple schedules	8
Using web conferencing to engage Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people in research: a feasibility study	8
Clinical systematic reviews – a brief overview	7
The INSPIRE Population Survey: development, dissemination and respondent characteristics	7
Classification of PR-positive and PR-negative subtypes in ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancers based on pathway scores	7