BMC Medical Research Methodology

Article	Citations
Estimation of marginal structural models under irregular visits and unmeasured confounder: calibrated inverse probability weights	407
A Bayesian network perspective on neonatal pneumonia in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus	326
Statistical methods in the analysis of multicentre HIV randomized controlled trials in the African region: a scoping review	168
The role and challenges of clinical research coordinators: insights from a national survey	153
A randomized Bayesian phase I-II dose optimization design for combination cancer therapies with progression-free survival end point	131
Towards robust electronic health record systems: integrating formal verification and process modeling techniques	118
CalScope: methodology and lessons learned for conducting a remote statewide SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study in California using an at-home dried blood spot collection kit and online survey	105
Estimating comparative effectiveness using Single-Arm trials: A challenge in the field of agnosticism	103
Correction: In health research publications, the number of authors is strongly associated with collective self-citations but less so with citations by others	99
Clinical systematic reviews – a brief overview	97
Technologies for frailty, comorbidity, and multimorbidity in older adults: a systematic review of research designs	93
regCOVID: Tracking publications of registered COVID-19 studies	90
How likely is unmeasured confounding to explain meta-analysis-derived associations between alcohol, other substances, and mood-related conditions with HIV risk behaviors?	90
Causal effect of chemotherapy received dose intensity on survival outcome: a retrospective study in osteosarcoma	87
Could master protocols be adapted for effectiveness-implementation hybrid studies?	80
More than one third of clinical practice guidelines on low back pain overlap in AGREE II appraisals. Research wasted?	77
Modelling of intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay as a quality measure: a problematic exercise	77
The impact of iterative removal of low-information cluster-period cells from a stepped wedge design	73
Improving the efficiency of drug resistant tuberculosis treatment trials: a time-to-event alternative marker for bacteriological response and adaptive minimization for randomization	71
Does imbalance in chest X-ray datasets produce biased deep learning approaches for COVID-19 screening?	67
Comparing statistical methods in assessing the prognostic effect of biomarker variability on time-to-event clinical outcomes	67
Power and sample size calculation for incremental net benefit in cost effectiveness analyses with applications to trials conducted by the Canadian Cancer Trials Group	66
MetaAnalyst: a user-friendly tool for metagenomic biomarker detection and phenotype classification	64
Recruitment of a probability-based general population health panel for public health research in Germany: the panel ‘Health in Germany’	58
Contextual effects: how to, and how not to, quantify them	54

Understanding facilitators of research participation among adults with self-reported chronic pain – a survey examining hypothetical research participation	53
Mind the gap: covariate constrained randomisation can protect against substantial power loss in parallel cluster randomised trials	49
A data-driven pipeline to extract potential adverse drug reactions through prescription, procedures and medical diagnoses analysis: application to a cohort study of 2,010 patients taking hydroxychloro	47
A framework to model global, regional, and national estimates of intimate partner violence	46
A gated group sequential design for seamless Phase II/III trial with subpopulation selection	45
Design and analysis of outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in veterans	43
Developing survey weights to ensure representativeness in a national, matched cohort study: results from the children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study	43
Choices of measures of association affect the visualisation and composition of the multimorbidity networks	42
Handling of missing component information for common composite score outcomes used in axial spondyloarthritis research when complete-case analysis is unbiased	41
External validation of existing dementia prediction models on observational health data	40
Using group testing in a two-phase epidemiologic design to identify the effects of a large number of antibody reactions on disease risk	40
Should RECOVERY have used response adaptive randomisation? Evidence from a simulation study	40
Fidelity, pragmatism and the “grey line” in between—exploring the delivery of a pragmatic physical activity randomised controlled trial—a secondary analysis	39
Optimising research investment by simulating and evaluating monitoring strategies to inform a trial: a simulation of liver fibrosis monitoring	39
Methodology and experiences of rapid advice guideline development for children with COVID-19: responding to the COVID-19 outbreak quickly and efficiently	39
Development and validation of paired MEDLINE and Embase search filters for cost-utility studies	37
Assessing and adjusting for bias in ecological analysis using multiple sample datasets	36
Discretizing multiple continuous predictors with U-shaped relationships with lnOR: introducing the recursive gradient scanning method in clinical and epidemiological research	36
Measuring the impact of zero-cases studies in evidence synthesis practice using the harms index and benefits index (Hi-Bi)	35
An algorithm to assess importance of predictors in systematic reviews of prediction models: a case study with simulations	35
The effect of high prevalence of missing data on estimation of the coefficients of a logistic regression model when using multiple imputation	35
Response to “The importance of considering variability in re-expression of effect estimates for use in meta-analysis.” (Kopylev and Dzierlenga 2025)	34
Random-effects meta-analysis models for pooling rare events data: a comparison between frequentist and bayesian methods	33
Identifying Potential Factors Associated with High HIV viral load in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Random Forest Analysis	32
Comparison of two propensity score-based methods for balancing covariates: the overlap weighting and fine stratification methods in real-world claims data	32
Using joint models to study the association between CD4 count and the risk of death in TB/HIV data	32
Blinded sample size re-estimation in a comparative diagnostic accuracy study	31
Cause of death coding in asthma	31
The reliance on conceptual frameworks in qualitative research – a way forward	31
A systematic review of methods to estimate colorectal cancer incidence using population-based cancer registries	31
Measuring bereavement prevalence in a complex sampling survey: the 2019 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)	30
Target trial emulation with multi-state model analysis to assess treatment effectiveness using clinical COVID-19 data	30
A study within a trial (SWAT) of clinical trial feasibility and barriers to recruitment in the United Kingdom – the CapaCiTY programme experience	29
Misspecification of confounder-exposure and confounder-outcome associations leads to bias in effect estimates	28
Effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer: probabilistic bias analysis for adjustment of exposure misclassification bias and confounders	28
Bayesian spatial-temporal analysis and determinants of cardiovascular diseases in Tanzania mainland	27
Binary classification with fuzzy logistic regression under class imbalance and complete separation in clinical studies	26
Causal estimation of time-varying treatments in observational studies: a scoping review of methods, applications, and missing data practices	26
Mediation analysis to identify causes of racial disparity in health outcomes: a comparison of model-based and outcome-based approaches	26
Variational biomarker pooling with calibration for time-to-event outcomes across multiple clinical studies	26
Evaluating methods to define place of residence in Canadian administrative data and the impact on observed associations with all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes	26
Machine learning computational tools to assist the performance of systematic reviews: A mapping review	26
A PubMed search filter for efficiently retrieving exercise training studies	25
TRIPLE C reporting principles for case study evaluations of the role of context in complex interventions	25
Genetic matching for time-dependent treatments: a longitudinal extension and simulation study	25
Correction: Performance of several types of beta-binomial models in comparison to standard approaches for meta-analyses with very few studies	25
Practical basket design for binary outcomes with control of family-wise error rate	25
A photograph of the researcher on the invitation letter did not affect the participation rate of a postal survey: a randomized study within a trial (SWAT)	25
MSMpred: interactive modelling and prediction of individual evolution via multistate models	24
Structured expert elicitation to inform long-term survival extrapolations using alternative parametric distributions: a case study of CAR T therapy for relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma	24

Adjusting expected deaths for mortality displacement during the COVID-19 pandemic: a model based counterfactual approach at the level of individuals	24
Using random-forest multiple imputation to address bias of self-reported anthropometric measures, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in the Belgian health interview survey	24
Comparison of generic and specific instruments to assess the quality of life in patients with melasma	24
Comparison of analysis methods and design choices for treatment-by-period interaction in unidirectional switch designs: a simulation study	24
Opportunities and obstacles in linking large health care registries: the primary secondary cancer care registry - breast cancer	24
Visualizing leadership classifications in rectangular data using a basket model and co-word network analysis: a case study of U.S. HCAHPS survey results	24
Multiple imputation for missing values in ordinal variables from cancer registry data when performing Cox proportional hazards regression	23
Inadequate reporting quality of registered genome editing trials: an observational study	23
Evaluating methods for Lasso selective inference in biomedical research: a comparative simulation study	23
Bayesian variable selection and survival modeling: assessing the Most important comorbidities that impact lung and colorectal cancer survival in Spain	23
Correction: Individual patient data to allow a more elaborated comparison of trial results with real-world outcomes from second-line immunotherapy in NSCLC	23
Accounting for bias due to outcome data missing not at random: comparison and illustration of two approaches to probabilistic bias analysis: a simulation study	22
Estimation and inference for the mediation effect in a time-varying mediation model	22
Comparison of the effects of imputation methods for missing data in predictive modelling of cohort study datasets	22
The potential impact fraction of population weight reduction scenarios on non-communicable diseases in Belgium: application of the g-computation approach	22
SurvdigitizeR: an algorithm for automated survival curve digitization	22
A comparison of survival models for prediction of eight-year revision risk following total knee and hip arthroplasty	22
Interrater reliability estimators tested against true interrater reliabilities	21
Comparison of methods for tuning machine learning model hyper-parameters: with application to predicting high-need high-cost health care users	21
Application of machine learning in predicting survival outcomes involving real-world data: a scoping review	21
Development and evaluation of a search filter to identify prognostic factor studies in Ovid MEDLINE	21
Random survival forests for the analysis of recurrent events for right-censored data, with or without a terminal event	20
Challenges in measurement of adolescent mental health: how are gender patterns affected when level of symptoms is analysed simultaneously with impairment?	20
Adjusting for Berkson error in exposure in ordinary and conditional logistic regression and in Poisson regression	20
Evaluation of intervention systematic reviews on chronic non-communicable diseases and lifestyle risk factors in low-middle income countries: meta-research	20
Instrumental variable approaches for estimating time-varying treatment effects in comparative effectiveness research	20
Development and validation of a model to identify polycystic ovary syndrome in the French national administrative health database	20
Case study in VersKiK: a methodological approach for studying paediatric cancer survivors’ pathways	20
Text analysis framework for identifying mutations among non-small cell lung cancer patients from laboratory data	20
Development of a standardized patient-reported clinical questionnaire for children with spinal pain	20
Two-part model for ventilator-free days in a cluster randomized cross-over clinical trial	20
The difference between concealment and blinding in clinical trials and why both are important. A reply to Garg and Mickenautsch, BMC Medical Research Methodology (2022) 22:17	20
Comparison of Pocock and Simon’s covariate-adaptive randomization procedures in clinical trials	19
Comparing causal inference methods for point exposures with missing confounders: a simulation study	19
Correction: A scoping review of statistical methods in studies of biomarker-related treatment heterogeneity for breast cancer	19
Exploring flexible polynomial regression as a method to align routine clinical outcomes with daily data capture through remote technologies	19
Association of ABO blood groups with venous thrombosis recurrence in middle-aged patients: insights from a weighted Cox analysis dedicated to ambispective design	18
SpatialWavePredict: a tutorial-based primer and toolbox for forecasting growth trajectories using the ensemble spatial wave sub-epidemic modeling framework	18
Estimating causal effects in the presence of competing events using regression standardisation with the Stata command standsurv	18
Elucidating vaccine efficacy using a correlate of protection, demographics, and logistic regression	18
A flexible approach for variable selection in large-scale healthcare database studies with missing covariate and outcome data	18
Artificial intelligence for the science of evidence synthesis: how good are AI-powered tools for automatic literature screening?	18
The methodological quality of systematic reviews regarding the Core Outcome Set (COS) development	18
Data-driven prediction of COVID-19 cases in Germany for decision making	18
Prescription Sequence Symmetry Analysis (PSSA) to assess prescribing cascades: a step-by-step guide	18
Concordance between humans and GPT-4 in appraising the methodological quality of case reports and case series using the Murad tool	18
Recruiting and retaining community-based participants in a COVID-19 longitudinal cohort and social networks study: lessons from Victoria, Australia	18
Selecting a randomization method for a multi-center clinical trial with stochastic recruitment considerations	18
Ranking of treatments in network meta-analysis: incorporating minimally important differences	17
Sample size recalculation in three-stage clinical trials and its evaluation	17
Does the feedback of blood results in observational studies influence response and consent? A randomised study of the Understanding Society Innovation Panel	17
Creating a meta-REM map: pragmatic improvements to ripple effects mapping methodology used to support evaluations of complex public health systems	17
Predicting kidney graft function and failure among kidney transplant recipients	17
Prospective sampling bias in COVID-19 recruitment methods: experimental evidence from a national randomized survey testing recruitment materials	17
A scoping review on the methodological and reporting quality of scoping reviews in China	17
Estimating reference intervals from an IPD meta-analysis using quantile regression	17
Simulation-based assessment of a Bayesian M-spline survival model with flexible baseline hazard and time-dependent effects	17
Bias amplification in the g-computation algorithm for time-varying treatments: a case study of industry payments and prescription of opioid products	17
Piloting an automated clinical trial eligibility surveillance and provider alert system based on artificial intelligence and standard data models	17
Analysing cluster randomised controlled trials using GLMM, GEE1, GEE2, and QIF: results from four case studies	17
CAT HPPR: a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of systematic, rapid, and scoping reviews investigating interventions in health promotion and prevention	17
Comparing single and multiple imputation strategies for harmonizing substance use data across HIV-related cohort studies	16
Network analysis for estimating standardization trends in genomics using MEDLINE	16
Adaptation and psychometric assessment of a sexual and reproductive empowerment scale in Arabic among refugee and non-refugee adolescent girls	16
Where did I leave my systematic review protocol, and what should it contain regarding Trial Sequential Analysis?	16
The effect of dichotomization of skewed adjustment covariates in the analysis of clinical trials	16
Inconsistencies in self-reported diabetes in a large panel study: the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)	16
Assessing the impact of variance heterogeneity and misspecification in mixed-effects location-scale models	16
Evaluation of data imputation strategies in complex, deeply-phenotyped data sets: the case of the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project	16
Development and validation of a distributed representation model of Japanese high-dimensional administrative claims data for clinical epidemiology studies	16
Multi-group global tests for restricted mean survival time and restricted mean time lost: a variable transformation approach	16
Development of the multivariate administrative data cystectomy model and its impact on misclassification bias	16
Automated medical chart review for breast cancer outcomes research: a novel natural language processing extraction system	16
Methodological perspectives on the study of the health effects of unemployment – reviewing the mode of unemployment, the statistical analysis method and the role of confounding factors	15
The relationship of publication language, study population, risk of bias, and treatment effects in acupuncture related systematic reviews: a meta-epidemiologic study	15
Quantitative evaluation of recruitment strategies in a cluster-randomized trial: segmented regression and cost analysis from the AOK-Family + study	15
Agreement test of P value versus Bayes factor for sample means comparison: analysis of articles from the Angle Orthodontist journal	15
Systematic comparison of approaches to analyze clustered competing risks data	15
The importance of considering variability in re-expression of effect estimates for use in meta-analyses	14
Evidence pointing toward invalidity of the SF-8 physical and mental scales: a fusion validity assessment	14

High-dimensional mediation analysis for continuous outcome with confounders using overlap weighting method in observational epigenetic study	14
Grey literature scoping review: a synthesis of the application of participatory methodologies in underrepresented groups at an elevated risk of dementia	14
Estimating intervention impacts when timing is unclear: an AR-LagDT model with distributed lags	14
The impact of heterogeneity on the analysis of platform trials with normally distributed outcomes	14
The gap between statistical and clinical significance: time to pay attention to clinical relevance in patient-reported outcome measures of insomnia	14
HILAMA: High-dimensional multi-omics mediation analysis with latent confounding	14
Determining the extent and frequency of on-site monitoring: a bayesian risk-based approach	14
Negative log-binomial model with optimal robust variance to estimate the prevalence ratio, in cross-sectional population studies	14
Multimorbidity prevalence and health outcome prediction: assessing the impact of lookback periods, disease count, and definition criteria in health administrative data at the population-based level	14
Some examples of privacy-preserving sharing of COVID-19 pandemic data with statistical utility evaluation	14
Prediction of recurrent ischemic stroke using machine learning from real-world data	14
Time-constant absolute effect measures for time-to-event outcomes	14
Reporting of flow diagrams in randomised controlled trials published in periodontology and implantology: a survey	14
How important is the linearity assumption in a sample size calculation for a randomised controlled trial where treatment is anticipated to affect a rate of change?	14
Machine learning is an effective method to predict the 90-day prognosis of patients with transient ischemic attack and minor stroke	14
Development of a protocol complexity tool: a framework designed to stimulate discussion and simplify study design	14
Longitudinal plasmode algorithms to evaluate statistical methods in realistic scenarios: an illustration applied to occupational epidemiology	14
Propensity score analysis for health care disparities: a deweighting approach	14
Methodological guidance for the evaluation and updating of clinical prediction models: a systematic review	14
Correction: CRIME‑Q—a unifying tool for critical appraisal of methodological (technical) quality, quality of reporting and risk of bias in animal research	14
Protocol implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic: experiences from a randomized trial of stress ulcer prophylaxis	14
Multi-arm multi-stage (MAMS) randomised selection designs: impact of treatment selection rules on the operating characteristics	14
Multiply robust estimator for the difference in survival functions using pseudo-observations	14
Handling missing values in patient-reported outcome data in the presence of intercurrent events	13
A logical analysis of null hypothesis significance testing using popular terminology	13
Correction: Feasibility of a hybrid clinical trial for respiratory virus detection in toddlers during the influenza season	13
Moving towards accurate and transparent AMSTAR 2 ratings and correcting the record on Cochrane reviews	13
Sensitivity analyses for data missing at random versus missing not at random using latent growth modelling: a practical guide for randomised controlled trials	13
Accommodating heterogeneous missing data patterns for prostate cancer risk prediction	13
A comparison of frequentist and Bayesian approaches to the Personalised Randomised Controlled Trial (PRACTical)—design and analysis considerations	13
From raw clinical data to robust prediction: an AI framework for early lymphedema detection	13
Design and statistical analysis reporting among interrupted time series studies in drug utilization research: a cross-sectional survey	13
Performance metrics for models designed to predict treatment effect	13
Correction: Sampling strategies to evaluate the prognostic value of a new biomarker on a time-to-event end-point	13
Correction: Evaluating quasi-experimental approaches for estimating epidemiological efficacy of non-randomised field trials: applications in Wolbachia interventions for dengue	13
Penalized landmark supermodels (penLM) for dynamic prediction for time-to-event outcomes in high-dimensional data	13
Comparison of Bayesian Networks, G-estimation and linear models to estimate causal treatment effects in aggregated N-of-1 trials with carry-over effects	13
Advancements in predicting and modeling rare event outcomes for enhanced decision-making	13
Development of an Aboriginal Resilience and Recovery Questionnaire – a collaboration between practitioners and help-seeking clients of a Victorian Aboriginal community controlled health service	13
Analysis of applying a patient safety taxonomy to patient and clinician-reported incident reports during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study	13
Correction: Impact of sampling and data collection methods on maternity survey response: a randomised controlled trial of paper and push-to-web surveys and a concurrent social media survey	13
Identification of patients’ smoking status using an explainable AI approach: a Danish electronic health records case study	13
The classification algorithms to support the management of the patient with femur fracture	13
Estimating effects of health policy interventions using interrupted time-series analyses: a simulation study	13
Bayesian dynamic borrowing in group-sequential design for medical device studies	13
nlive: an R package to facilitate the application of the sigmoidal and random changepoint mixed models	13
Rapid, effective, and affordable randomisation for emergency neonatal research in a low-resource setting: a feasibility randomised controlled trial	13
Standard of care for COVID-19 in randomized clinical trials registered in trial registries and published in preprint servers and scholarly journals: a cross-sectional study	12
Advancing guideline quality through country-wide and regional quality assessment of CPGs using AGREE: a scoping review	12
Grouped data with survey revision	12
Adaptations for remote research work: a modified web-push strategy compared to a mail-only strategy for administering a survey of healthcare experiences	12
Adjusting for outcome risk factors in immigrant datasets: total or direct effects?	12
Summary measures derived from a multi-state modeling framework to characterize the course of heart disease	12
The minimal important difference of patient-reported outcome measures related to female urinary incontinence: a systematic review	12
Sample size calculation for prevalence studies using Scalex and ScalaR calculators	12
Patient regional index: a new way to rank clinical specialties based on outpatient clinics big data	12
Bayesian Mendelian randomization with an interval causal null hypothesis: ternary decision rules and loss function calibration	12
Count data models for outpatient health services utilisation	12
Comparing outcomes from tailored meta-analysis with outcomes from a setting specific test accuracy study using routine data of faecal calprotectin testing for inflammatory bowel disease	12
BivRec: an R package for the nonparametric and semiparametric analysis of bivariate alternating recurrent events	12
A comparative evaluation of sufficient dimension reduction and traditional statistical methods for composite biomarker score construction in diagnostic classification	11
Theory in qualitative research: a qualitative study of research experts’ views	11
The validity, reliability and feasibility of four instruments for assessing the consciousness of stroke patients in a neurological intensive care unit compared	11
Informed Bayesian survival analysis	11
Should multiple imputation be stratified by exposure group when estimating causal effects via outcome regression in observational studies?	11
The conclusiveness of trial sequential analysis varies with estimation of between-study variance: a case study	11
From simple to even simpler, but not too simple: a head-to-head comparison of the Better-Worse and Drop-Down methods for measuring patient health status	11
Two-step spatiotemporal anomaly detection corrected for lag reporting time with application to real-time dengue surveillance in Thailand	11
Evaluation of the Fill-it-up-design to use historical control data in randomized clinical trials with two arm parallel group design	11
Predicting lung cancer survival prognosis based on the conditional survival bayesian network	11
Recruitment into antibody prevalence studies: a randomized trial of postcards vs. letters as invitations	11
External control arm analysis: an evaluation of propensity score approaches, G-computation, and doubly debiased machine learning	11
Understanding multimorbidity: insights with graphical models	11
Ensuring cross-cultural data comparability by means of anchoring vignettes in heterogeneous refugee samples	11
Tailored approach to participant recruitment and retention to maximize health equity in pediatric cancer research	11
Longitudinal mediation analysis with multilevel and latent growth models: a separable effects causal approach	11
Major mistakes or errors in the use of trial sequential analysis in systematic reviews or meta-analyses – the METSA systematic review	11
Analyzing missingness patterns in real-world data using the SMDI toolkit: application to a linked EHR-claims pharmacoepidemiology study	11
Gaussian process emulation to improve efficiency of computationally intensive multidisease models: a practical tutorial with adaptable R code	10
Reviewing methodological approaches to dose-response modelling in complex interventions: insights and perspectives	10
Development and validation of machine learning models for predicting operative duration in assisted reproductive technology procedures	10
Segmentation of patients with small cell lung cancer into responders and non-responders using the optimal cross-validation technique	10
Evaluating the performance of different machine learning algorithms based on SMOTE in predicting musculoskeletal disorders in elementary school students	10
Model-based standardization using multiple imputation	10
Case-only approach applied in environmental epidemiology: 2 examples of interaction effect using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets	10
Use and misuse of random forest variable importance metrics in medicine: demonstrations through incident stroke prediction	10
Gaps in the usage and reporting of multiple imputation for incomplete data: findings from a scoping review of observational studies addressing causal questions	10
Constructing within and between hospital physician social networks for modeling physician research participation	10
Characterizing individual and methodological risk factors for survey non-completion using machine learning: findings from the U.S. Millennium Cohort Study	10
Correction: A non-parametric approach to predict the recruitment for randomized clinical trials: an example in elderly inpatient settings	10
Assessing the ability of an instrumental variable causal forest algorithm to personalize treatment evidence using observational data: the case of early surgery for shoulder fracture	10
Dementia risk prediction in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of Cox regression and machine learning models	10
Two-stage group-sequential designs with delayed responses – what is the point of applying corresponding methods?	10
Methodological and applicability pitfalls of clinical prediction models for asthma diagnosis: a systematic review and critical appraisal of evidence	10
What actually happens in partnered health research? A concordance analysis of agreement on partnership practices in funded Canadian projects between academic and knowledge user investigators	10