BMC Medical Research Methodology

Article	Citations
Interrupted time series analysis using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models: a guide for evaluating large-scale health interventions	277
Conducting proportional meta-analysis in different types of systematic reviews: a guide for synthesisers of evidence	244
IPDfromKM: reconstruct individual patient data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves	228
COSMIN Risk of Bias tool to assess the quality of studies on reliability or measurement error of outcome measurement instruments: a Delphi study	220
Major adverse cardiovascular event definitions used in observational analysis of administrative databases: a systematic review	144
Semantic and cognitive tools to aid statistical science: replace confidence and significance by compatibility and surprise	125
Open science saves lives: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic	123
Real-world data: a brief review of the methods, applications, challenges and opportunities	106
Mediation analysis methods used in observational research: a scoping review and recommendations	103
COVID-19-related medical research: a meta-research and critical appraisal	102
Accuracy of random-forest-based imputation of missing data in the presence of non-normality, non-linearity, and interaction	100
Managing overlap of primary study results across systematic reviews: practical considerations for authors of overviews of reviews	83
Joint analysis of duration of ventilation, length of intensive care, and mortality of COVID-19 patients: a multistate approach	83
Sample size calculation for prevalence studies using Scalex and ScalaR calculators	71
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on publication dynamics and non-COVID-19 research production	68
Protocol registration issues of systematic review and meta-analysis studies: a survey of global researchers	67
Most published meta-regression analyses based on aggregate data suffer from methodological pitfalls: a meta-epidemiological study	65
Conceptualising natural and quasi experiments in public health	65
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): an evidence map of medical literature	64
Machine learning in medicine: a practical introduction to natural language processing	62
A narrative review on the validity of electronic health record-based research in epidemiology	57
A scoping review of Q-methodology in healthcare research	56
A tutorial on methodological studies: the what, when, how and why	56
Completeness of reporting of clinical prediction models developed using supervised machine learning: a systematic review	54
An evaluation of DistillerSR’s machine learning-based prioritization tool for title/abstract screening – impact on reviewer-relevant outcomes	54

Going web or staying paper? The use of web-surveys among older people	52
Facilitating harmonized data quality assessments. A data quality framework for observational health research data collections with software implementations in R	52
Application of machine learning in predicting hospital readmissions: a scoping review of the literature	52
Ensuring protocol compliance and data transparency in clinical trials using Blockchain smart contracts	51
An R package for an integrated evaluation of statistical approaches to cancer incidence projection	50
Comparison of six statistical methods for interrupted time series studies: empirical evaluation of 190 published series	48
Quality assessment tools used in systematic reviews of in vitro studies: A systematic review	48
Using a distribution-based approach and systematic review methods to derive minimum clinically important differences	47
Methodological conduct of prognostic prediction models developed using machine learning in oncology: a systematic review	46
Epistemonikos: a comprehensive database of systematic reviews for health decision-making	43
Directed acyclic graphs and causal thinking in clinical risk prediction modeling	43
A roadmap to using randomization in clinical trials	41
A comparison of residual diagnosis tools for diagnosing regression models for count data	41
Estimating age-specific COVID-19 fatality risk and time to death by comparing population diagnosis and death patterns: Australian data	40
Methodological guidance for the evaluation and updating of clinical prediction models: a systematic review	40
Developing a toolkit for increasing the participation of black, Asian and minority ethnic communities in health and social care research	40
Re-evaluation of the comparative effectiveness of bootstrap-based optimism correction methods in the development of multivariable clinical prediction models	39
Development, testing and use of data extraction forms in systematic reviews: a review of methodological guidance	37
The unintended consequences of COVID-19 mitigation measures matter: practical guidance for investigating them	36
Predictive approaches to heterogeneous treatment effects: a scoping review	35
Survival prediction models since liver transplantation - comparisons between Cox models and machine learning techniques	34
Measuring psychological safety in healthcare teams: developing an observational measure to complement survey methods	34
TIDieR-telehealth: precision in reporting of telehealth interventions used in clinical trials - unique considerations for the Template for the Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checkli	34
Social network analysis methods for exploring SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing data	34
Guidance for using artificial intelligence for title and abstract screening while conducting knowledge syntheses	33
Evaluating complex interventions in context: systematic, meta-narrative review of case study approaches	32
A comparative study on deep learning models for text classification of unstructured medical notes with various levels of class imbalance	32
International severe asthma registry (ISAR): protocol for a global registry	32
Standardizing registry data to the OMOP Common Data Model: experience from three pulmonary hypertension databases	31
Evaluation of statistical methods used in the analysis of interrupted time series studies: a simulation study	30
A specific method for qualitative medical research: the IPSE (Inductive Process to analyze the Structure of lived Experience) approach	29
Statistical analysis of two arm randomized pre-post designs with one post-treatment measurement	29
A four-step strategy for handling missing outcome data in randomised trials affected by a pandemic	29
Health and study dropout: health aspects differentially predict attrition	29
Assessing the hospital volume-outcome relationship in surgery: a scoping review	28
Inverse probability weighting to handle attrition in cohort studies: some guidance and a call for caution	28
Generative adversarial networks for imputing missing data for big data clinical research	28
Which test for crossing survival curves? A user’s guideline	28
Comparative analysis of explainable machine learning prediction models for hospital mortality	27
Using Trial Sequential Analysis for estimating the sample sizes of further trials: example using smoking cessation intervention	27
Random survival forests for dynamic predictions of a time-to-event outcome using a longitudinal biomarker	26
Use of machine learning techniques to identify HIV predictors for screening in sub-Saharan Africa	26
Analysis of COVID-19 data using neutrosophic Kruskal Wallis H test	25
Instruments to measure fear of COVID-19: a diagnostic systematic review	25
A tutorial on the case time series design for small-area analysis	25
Inferencing superspreading potential using zero-truncated negative binomial model: exemplification with COVID-19	25
Meta-DiSc 2.0: a web application for meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy data	25
The use of experimental vignette studies to identify drivers of variations in the delivery of health care: a scoping review	24
Qualitative longitudinal research in health research: a method study	24
Noncollapsibility and its role in quantifying confounding bias in logistic regression	24

Making implementation science more real	24
Strengthening methods for tracking adaptations and modifications to implementation strategies	24
Need of care in interpreting Google Trends-based COVID-19 infodemiological study results: potential risk of false-positivity	24
Using linear and natural cubic splines, SITAR, and latent trajectory models to characterise nonlinear longitudinal growth trajectories in cohort studies	23
Response rate of patient reported outcomes: the delivery method matters	23
Does group-based trajectory modeling estimate spurious trajectories?	23
Abstract screening using the automated tool Rayyan: results of effectiveness in three diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews	23
Establishment of a pediatric COVID-19 biorepository: unique considerations and opportunities for studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children	22
Strategies for assessing the impact of loss to follow-up on estimates of neurodevelopmental impairment in a very preterm cohort at 2 years of age	21
Time series prediction of under-five mortality rates for Nigeria: comparative analysis of artificial neural networks, Holt-Winters exponential smoothing and autoregressive integrated moving average mo	21
LASSO type penalized spline regression for binary data	21
Contrasting cumulative risk and multiple individual risk models of the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and adult health outcomes	21
Similarities, reliability and gaps in assessing the quality of conduct of systematic reviews using AMSTAR-2 and ROBIS: systematic survey of nutrition reviews	20
Should samples be weighted to decrease selection bias in online surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic? Data from seven datasets	20
Immortal time bias for life-long conditions in retrospective observational studies using electronic health records	20
Missing not at random in end of life care studies: multiple imputation and sensitivity analysis on data from the ACTION study	20
Automating risk of bias assessment in systematic reviews: a real-time mixed methods comparison of human researchers to a machine learning system	20
Improving the use of focus group discussions in low income settings	20
Machine learning in medicine: a practical introduction to techniques for data pre-processing, hyperparameter tuning, and model comparison	19
COVID-19 impact on mental health	19
A new infodemiological approach through Google Trends: longitudinal analysis of COVID-19 scientific and infodemic names in Italy	19
Patient-centered practices for engaging transgender and gender diverse patients in clinical research studies	19
COVID19-world: a shiny application to perform comprehensive country-specific data visualization for SARS-CoV-2 epidemic	19
Machine learning techniques for mortality prediction in critical traumatic patients: anatomic and physiologic variables from the RETRAUCI study	19
On model-based time trend adjustments in platform trials with non-concurrent controls	19
Minimal important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for pain, Constant-Murley score and Simple Shoulder Test in patients with subacromial pain syndrome	19
Informing the research agenda for optimizing audit and feedback interventions: results of a prioritization exercise	19
Statistical methods for the analysis of adverse event data in randomised controlled trials: a scoping review and taxonomy	18
Predictive P-score for treatment ranking in Bayesian network meta-analysis	18
Oversampling and replacement strategies in propensity score matching: a critical review focused on small sample size in clinical settings	18
Methods to support evidence-informed decision-making in the midst of COVID-19: creation and evolution of a rapid review service from the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools	18
Multiple imputation with missing indicators as proxies for unmeasured variables: simulation study	18
Survival prediction models: an introduction to discrete-time modeling	18
The minimal perceived change: a formal model of the responder definition according to the patient’s meaning of change for patient-reported outcome data analysis and interpretation	17
A review of the use of controlled multiple imputation in randomised controlled trials with missing outcome data	17
Ripple effects mapping: capturing the wider impacts of systems change efforts in public health	17
Methodology in core outcome set (COS) development: the impact of patient interviews and using a 5-point versus a 9-point Delphi rating scale on core outcome selection in a COS development study	17
Ensemble bootstrap methodology for forecasting dynamic growth processes using differential equations: application to epidemic outbreaks	17
The impact of lookback windows on the prevalence and incidence of chronic diseases among people living with HIV: an exploration in administrative health data in Canada	17
Recruiting a representative sample of urban South Australian Aboriginal adults for a survey on alcohol consumption	17
Short-term real-time prediction of total number of reported COVID-19 cases and deaths in South Africa: a data driven approach	17
Comparing multiple statistical software for multiple-indicator, multiple-cause modeling: an application of gender disparity in adult cognitive functioning using MIDUS II dataset	16
A meta-review demonstrates improved reporting quality of qualitative reviews following the publication of COREQ- and ENTREQ-checklists, regardless of modest uptake	16
Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a COVID-19 randomized controlled trial: a practical example	16
Fast and optimal algorithm for case-control matching using registry data: application on the antibiotics use of colorectal cancer patients	16
Spatial data analysis of malnutrition among children under-five years in Ethiopia	16
Hospital workers mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: methods of data collection and characteristics of study sample in a university hospital in Milan (Italy)	16
COVID-19 prevalence estimation by random sampling in population - optimal sample pooling under varying assumptions about true prevalence	16
Growth mixture models: a case example of the longitudinal analysis of patient‐reported outcomes data captured by a clinical registry	16
SARFIMA model prediction for infectious diseases: application to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and comparing with SARIMA	16
Estimating effects of health policy interventions using interrupted time-series analyses: a simulation study	15
Design and implementation of a massive open online course on enhancing the recruitment of minorities in clinical trials – Faster Together	15
Intention-to-treat analysis may be more conservative than per protocol analysis in antibiotic non-inferiority trials: a systematic review	15
Identifying the fundamental structures and processes of care contributing to emergency general surgery quality using a mixed-methods Donabedian approach	15
The injury severity score: an operations perspective	15
Evaluation of approaches for multiple imputation of three-level data	15
Interrater reliability estimators tested against true interrater reliabilities	15
Methods for the inclusion of real-world evidence in network meta-analysis	15
Virtual controls as an alternative to randomized controlled trials for assessing efficacy of interventions	15
Impact of vaccine prioritization strategies on mitigating COVID-19: an agent-based simulation study using an urban region in the United States	15
Machine learning computational tools to assist the performance of systematic reviews: A mapping review	15
Consequences of ignoring clustering in linear regression	14
Moving beyond the classic difference-in-differences model: a simulation study comparing statistical methods for estimating effectiveness of state-level policies	14
Comparing regression modeling strategies for predicting hometime	14
Machine learning approach for the prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy	14
Nothing wrong about change: the adequate choice of the dependent variable and design in prediction of cognitive training success	14
Measuring clinical uncertainty and equipoise by applying the agreement study methodology to patient management decisions	14
On Jones et al.’s method for extending Bland-Altman plots to limits of agreement with the mean for multiple observers	14
Bayesian Hodges-Lehmann tests for statistical equivalence in the two-sample setting: Power analysis, type I error rates and equivalence boundary selection in biomedical research	14
A scoping review of studies using observational data to optimise dynamic treatment regimens	13
Variance constraints strongly influenced model performance in growth mixture modeling: a simulation and empirical study	13
Predicting postoperative surgical site infection with administrative data: a random forests algorithm	13
Poor reporting quality of observational clinical studies comparing treatments of COVID-19 – a retrospective cross-sectional study	13
The hunt for efficient, incomplete designs for stepped wedge trials with continuous recruitment and continuous outcome measures	13
Item response theory and differential test functioning analysis of the HBSC-Symptom-Checklist across 46 countries	13
Characteristics and practices of school-based cluster randomised controlled trials for improving health outcomes in pupils in the United Kingdom: a methodological systematic review	13
Study retention and attrition in a longitudinal cohort study including patient-reported outcomes, fieldwork and biobank samples: results of the Netherlands quality of life and Biomedical cohort study	13
Machine learning is an effective method to predict the 90-day prognosis of patients with transient ischemic attack and minor stroke	13
A framework for exploring non-response patterns over time in health surveys	13
Estimating the natural indirect effect and the mediation proportion via the product method	13

Patient-reported outcome measures for physical function in cancer patients: content comparison of the EORTC CAT Core, EORTC QLQ-C30, SF-36, FACT-G, and PROMIS measures using the International Classifi	13
Simple Excel and ICD-10 based dataset calculator for the Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity indices	13
To tune or not to tune, a case study of ridge logistic regression in small or sparse datasets	13
Population segmentation of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its clinical applications - a scoping review	12
Development and validation of prediction model to estimate 10-year risk of all-cause mortality using modern statistical learning methods: a large population-based cohort study and external validation	12
Low methodological quality of systematic reviews on acupuncture: a cross-sectional study	12
Symptom clusters among cancer survivors: what can machine learning techniques tell us?	12
Instrumental variable estimation for a time-varying treatment and a time-to-event outcome via structural nested cumulative failure time models	12
Estimating restricted mean survival time and expected life-years lost in the presence of competing risks within flexible parametric survival models	12
The effects of different lookback periods on the sociodemographic structure of the study population and on the estimation of incidence rates: analyses with German claims data	12
Are there non-linear relationships between alcohol consumption and long-term health?: a systematic review of observational studies employing approaches to improve causal inference	12
Group testing performance evaluation for SARS-CoV-2 massive scale screening and testing	12
Recruiting general practitioners and patients with dementia into a cluster randomised controlled trial: strategies, barriers and facilitators	12
Incorporating and addressing testing bias within estimates of epidemic dynamics for SARS-CoV-2	12
Dementia risk prediction in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of Cox regression and machine learning models	12
WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS) extension for traditional Chinese medicine 2020: recommendations, explanation, and elaboration	12
Advancing methodology for scoping reviews: recommendations arising from a scoping literature review (SLR) to inform transformation of Children and Adolescent Mental Health Services	12
Confirmatory factor analysis of the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS) in a large and representative Swedish sample: is the use of the total scale and subscale scores justified?	12
Using random forests to model 90-day hometime in people with stroke	12
Inspection plan for COVID-19 patients for Weibull distribution using repetitive sampling under indeterminacy	12
Comparing current and emerging practice models for the extrapolation of survival data: a simulation study and case-study	12
Dynamic RMST curves for survival analysis in clinical trials	11
Differences between experimental and placebo arms in manual therapy trials: a methodological review	11
Alternative adjustment for seasonality and long-term time-trend in time-series analysis for long-term environmental exposures and disease counts	11
Applied comparison of large‐scale propensity score matching and cardinality matching for causal inference in observational research	11
Chi-square test under indeterminacy: an application using pulse count data	11
Methodological assessment of systematic reviews of in-vitro dental studies	11
Characteristics and patient-reported outcomes associated with dropout in severely affected oncological patients: an exploratory study	11
Database selection and data gathering methods in systematic reviews of qualitative research regarding diabetes mellitus - an explorative study	11
Performance of unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) for the evidence synthesis of single-arm trials with time-to-event outcomes	11
Estimation in meta-analyses of response ratios	11
Identifying Potential Factors Associated with High HIV viral load in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa using Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Random Forest Analysis	11
Sources of potential bias when combining routine data linkage and a national survey of secondary school-aged children: a record linkage study	11
Integrating trials into a whole-population cohort of children and parents: statement of intent (trials) for the Generation Victoria (GenV) cohort	11
Hospital mortality prediction in traumatic injuries patients: comparing different SMOTE-based machine learning algorithms	11
Selecting implementation models, theories, and frameworks in which to integrate intersectional approaches	11
CHARMS and PROBAST at your fingertips: a template for data extraction and risk of bias assessment in systematic reviews of predictive models	11
Forecasting COVID-19 cases using time series modeling and association rule mining	11
Methodological aspects for accelerometer-based assessment of physical activity in heart failure and health	10
Deep generative models in DataSHIELD	10
Factors affecting adolescents’ participation in randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of healthcare interventions: the case of the STEPSTONES project	10
A bayesian approach to model the underlying predictors of early recurrence and postoperative death in patients with colorectal Cancer	10
Creating efficiencies in the extraction of data from randomized trials: a prospective evaluation of a machine learning and text mining tool	10
A methodologic survey on use of the GRADE approach in evidence syntheses published in high-impact factor urology and nephrology journals	10
Investigator initiated trials versus industry sponsored trials - translation of randomized controlled trials into clinical practice (IMPACT)	10
Advancing data science in drug development through an innovative computational framework for data sharing and statistical analysis	10
KMSubtraction: reconstruction of unreported subgroup survival data utilizing published Kaplan-Meier survival curves	10
Minimal important difference and patient acceptable symptom state for the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain and the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) for patients with osteoarthritis at	10
Rapid establishment of a COVID-19 perinatal biorepository: early lessons from the first 100 women enrolled	10
When does the use of individual patient data in network meta-analysis make a difference? A simulation study	10
An evaluation of whether propensity score adjustment can remove the self-selection bias inherent to web panel surveys addressing sensitive health behaviours	10
Comparative diagnostic accuracy studies with an imperfect reference standard – a comparison of correction methods	10
Combining the theory of change and realist evaluation approaches to elicit an initial program theory of the MomConnect program in South Africa	10
Methodological approaches to imputing early-pregnancy weight based on weight measures collected during pregnancy	10
Prediction of acute appendicitis among patients with undifferentiated abdominal pain at emergency department	10
Development of a clinical tool for rating the body function categories of the ICF generic-30/rehabilitation set in Japanese rehabilitation practice and examination of its interrater reliability	10
Development and pilot implementation of guidelines for culturally tailored research recruitment materials for African Americans and Latinos	10
International representation of authors, editors and research in neurology journals	9
The Mann-Kendall-Sneyers test to identify the change points of COVID-19 time series in the United States	9
Interdisciplinary development of a standardized introduction to gene drives for lay audiences	9
Predicting COVID-19 mortality risk in Toronto, Canada: a comparison of tree-based and regression-based machine learning methods	9
Informed Bayesian survival analysis	9
Recruitment and retention of participants from socioeconomically deprived communities: lessons from the Awareness and Beliefs About Cancer (ABACus3) Randomised Controlled Trial	9
Development and validation of a risk index to predict kidney graft survival: the kidney transplant risk index	9
Recruitment and retention into longitudinal health research from an adolescent perspective: a qualitative study	9
Generating high-fidelity synthetic time-to-event datasets to improve data transparency and accessibility	9
The influence of social media on recruitment to surgical trials	9
Reporting of methods to prepare, pilot and perform data extraction in systematic reviews: analysis of a sample of 152 Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews	9
On clinical trial fragility due to patients lost to follow up	9
Ordinal outcome analysis improves the detection of between-hospital differences in outcome	9
Use of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registries to assess COVID-19 home mortality	9
Multivariate network meta-analysis incorporating class effects	9
The value of social practice theory for implementation science: learning from a theory-based mixed methods process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial	9
Using a cohort study of diabetes and peripheral artery disease to compare logistic regression and machine learning via random forest modeling	9
Estimating causal effects in the presence of competing events using regression standardisation with the Stata command standsurv	9
Transformation of Rasch model logits for enhanced interpretability	9
The effect of disease co-occurrence measurement on multimorbidity networks: a population-based study	9
A systematic review and psychometric evaluation of resilience measurement scales for people living with dementia and their carers	9
A framework to model global, regional, and national estimates of intimate partner violence	9
Neutral theory: applicability and neutrality of using generic health-related quality of life tools in diseases or conditions where specific tools are available	9
Detecting accelerometer non-wear periods using change in acceleration combined with rate-of-change in temperature	9
Seek COVER: using a disease proxy to rapidly develop and validate a personalized risk calculator for COVID-19 outcomes in an international network	9
Flexible modelling of risk factors on the incidence of pneumonia in young children in South Africa using piece-wise exponential additive mixed modelling	9
How can clinicians choose between conflicting and discordant systematic reviews? A replication study of the Jadad algorithm	8
Satisfaction and experience with colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review of validated patient reported outcome measures	8
Restrictions and their reporting in systematic reviews of effectiveness: an observational study	8
Clinical research activities during COVID-19: the point of view of a promoter of academic clinical trials	8
Methodology of the DCCSS later fatigue study: a model to investigate chronic fatigue in long-term survivors of childhood cancer	8
A comparison of statistical methods for modeling count data with an application to hospital length of stay	8
Inference following multiple imputation for generalized additive models: an investigation of the median p-value rule with applications to the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry and Colorado C	8
Outbreaks of publications about emerging infectious diseases: the case of SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus	8
Crowdsourcing citation-screening in a mixed-studies systematic review: a feasibility study	8
External validation of existing dementia prediction models on observational health data	8
A non-linear optimisation method to extract summary statistics from Kaplan-Meier survival plots using the published P value	8
Modular literature review: a novel systematic search and review method to support priority setting in health policy and practice	8