Biological Reviews

Article	Citations
Scientists' warning on invasive alien species	925
The Sixth Mass Extinction: fact, fiction or speculation?	221
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses in ecology and evolutionary biology: a PRISMA extension	202
Shrinking body sizes in response to warming: explanations for the temperature–size rule with special emphasis on the role of oxygen	152
Lakes in the era of global change: moving beyond single‐lake thinking in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services	141
Tectonics, climate and the diversification of the tropical African terrestrial flora and fauna	119
Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil‐associated consumers from protists to vertebrates	115
Phenological and elevational shifts of plants, animals and fungi under climate change in the European Alps	104
Biodiversity as insurance: from concept to measurement and application	98
Exosome‐mediated effects and applications in inflammatory bowel disease	89
Fundamental research questions in subterranean biology	87
What is a biocrust? A refined, contemporary definition for a broadening research community	86
Ecosystem services provided by aculeate wasps	78
Assessing ontogenetic maturity in extinct saurian reptiles	78
Human disturbance has contrasting effects on niche partitioning within carnivore communities	78
Global genetic diversity status and trends: towards a suite of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) for genetic composition	76
The ‘biomineralization toolkit’ and the origin of animal skeletons	76
Coevolution of body size and metabolic rate in vertebrates: a life‐history perspective	73
Regulatory mechanisms of lipid biosynthesis in microalgae	72
The role of the microbiome in the neurobiology of social behaviour	71
Fungal evolution: cellular, genomic and metabolic complexity	69
Two hundred years of zooplankton vertical migration research	67
Understanding the ecological and evolutionary function of stopover in migrating birds	67
Clinical implications of sperm DNA damage in IVF and ICSI: updated systematic review and meta‐analysis	67
Temperature as a modulator of sexual selection	67

Next‐generation biological control: the need for integrating genetics and genomics	66
Climate change effects on animal ecology: butterflies and moths as a case study	65
Deciphering mollusc shell production: the roles of genetic mechanisms through to ecology, aquaculture and biomimetics	63
The role of land‐use history in driving successional pathways and its implications for the restoration of tropical forests	63
How intelligent is a cephalopod? Lessons from comparative cognition	63
The biology of human hair greying	63
The naked truth: a comprehensive clarification and classification of current ‘myths’ in naked mole‐rat biology	62
Movement‐mediated community assembly and coexistence	61
The ecosystem services provided by social insects: traits, management tools and knowledge gaps	60
Producing wood at least cost to biodiversity: integrating Triad and sharing–sparing approaches to inform forest landscape management	60
Poor nutritional condition promotes high‐risk behaviours: a systematic review and meta‐analysis	58
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore: an evolving concept critical for cell life and death	56
Migration in butterflies: a global overview	55
Antarctic ecosystems in transition – life between stresses and opportunities	54
Acoustic indices as proxies for biodiversity: a meta‐analysis	53
Seed ‘primeomics’: plants memorize their germination under stress	53
Sociability as a personality trait in animals: methods, causes and consequences	52
Resolving the SLOSS dilemma for biodiversity conservation: a research agenda	50
How fire interacts with habitat loss and fragmentation	50
Global kelp forest restoration: past lessons, present status, and future directions	50
Wolbachia host shifts: routes, mechanisms, constraints and evolutionary consequences	48
Diverse roles of microbial indole compounds in eukaryotic systems	48
Seagrasses in an era of ocean warming: a review	47
Frontiers in quantifying wildlife behavioural responses to chemical pollution	47
Salt to conserve: a review on the ecology and preservation of hypersaline ecosystems	47
Adaptations to thermal stress in social insects: recent advances and future directions	46
Plasticity of microglia	45
Camouflage in predators	44
When more is more: taking advantage of species diversity to move towards sustainable aquaculture	44
The biology and evolution of spider venoms	43
The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis	42
Whole‐body endothermy: ancient, homologous and widespread among the ancestors of mammals, birds and crocodylians	42
Fire as a driver and mediator of predator–prey interactions	41
Mechanosensing by Piezo1 and its implications for physiology and various pathologies	41
Speciation across the Tree of Life	41
Multifunctionality of belowground food webs: resource, size and spatial energy channels	41
The accuracy and precision of body mass estimation in non‐avian dinosaurs	40
The hallmarks of myotonic dystrophy type 1 muscle dysfunction	40
The evolution and physiology of male pregnancy in syngnathid fishes	40
The role of inputs of marine wrack and carrion in sandy‐beach ecosystems: a global review	40
Fire‐released seed dormancy ‐ a global synthesis	39
Towards evidence‐based conservation of subterranean ecosystems	39
Effects of water temperature on freshwater macroinvertebrates: a systematic review	39
A conceptual framework of evolutionary novelty and innovation	39
Omega‐3 PUFA profoundly affect neural, physiological, and behavioural competences – implications for systemic changes in trophic interactions	39
A roadmap to plant functional island biogeography	39
Chronic stress and Alzheimer's disease: the interplay between the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, genetics and microglia	39
A part‐dependent account of biological individuality: why holobionts are individuals and ecosystems simultaneously	38
Effective ecosystem monitoring requires a multi‐scaled approach	38
Social complexity and the fractal structure of group size in primate social evolution	38

Post COVID‐19: a solution scan of options for preventing future zoonotic epidemics	37
Riverscape approaches in practice: perspectives and applications	37
Expanding insect pollinators in the Anthropocene	35
Phoresy in animals: review and synthesis of a common but understudied mode of dispersal	35
Circadian rhythms in zebrafish (Danio rerio) behaviour and the sources of their variability	35
Multi‐level convergence of complex traits and the evolution of bioluminescence	35
Anticipated effects of abiotic environmental change on intraspecific social interactions	35
Experimental nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment stimulates multiple trophic levels of algal and detrital‐based food webs: a global meta‐analysis from streams and rivers	35
Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment cause declines in invertebrate populations: a global meta‐analysis	34
Artificial refuges for wildlife conservation: what is the state of the science?	34
A paradigm shift in our view of species drives current trends in biological classification	33
From theory to practice in pattern‐oriented modelling: identifying and using empirical patterns in predictive models	33
Reproductive seasonality in primates: patterns, concepts and unsolved questions	33
Impacts of exclusion fencing on target and non‐target fauna: a global review	32
Towards an ecology of protective coloration	32
What can we teach Lymnaea and what can Lymnaea teach us?	32
The PERKs of mitochondria protection during stress: insights for PERK modulation in neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases	32
Wallace's line, Wallacea, and associated divides and areas: history of a tortuous tangle of ideas and labels	32
A comprehensive hypothesis on the migration of European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla)	32
An integrated, multi‐level analysis of thermal effects on intertidal molluscs for understanding species distribution patterns	32
Surprisingly long survival of premature conclusions about naked mole‐rat biology	32
Bat responses to climate change: a systematic review	31
A meta‐analysis of sex differences in animal personality: no evidence for the greater male variability hypothesis	31
Comparative bioacoustics: a roadmap for quantifying and comparing animal sounds across diverse taxa	31
Patterns and determinants of dispersal in grey wolves (Canis lupus)	30
The obstetrical dilemma hypothesis: there's life in the old dog yet	30
Omics‐based molecular analyses of adhesion by aquatic invertebrates	30
Modelling neurodegenerative diseases with 3D brain organoids	30
Recent advances in the remote sensing of insects	30
Deciphering the molecular mechanism of stop codon readthrough	30
A review of the critics of invasion biology	29
Understanding host utilization by mosquitoes: determinants, challenges and future directions	29
A comprehensive synthesis unveils the mysteries of phosphate‐solubilizing microbes	29
Innovation in chimpanzees	29
Delete and survive: strategies of programmed genetic material elimination in eukaryotes	29
A guide to choosing and implementing reference models for social network analysis	29
Learning in non‐avian reptiles 40 years on: advances and promising new directions	29
Plant susceptible responses: the underestimated side of plant–pathogen interactions	28
Odorant‐binding proteins of mammals	28
Avian vocalisations: the female perspective	28
A review of the osteoderms of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata)	28
Animal migrations and parasitism: reciprocal effects within a unified framework	28
The ecology of electricity and electroreception	28
Rate of environmental change across scales in ecology	27
New insight into dyslipidemia‐induced cellular senescence in atherosclerosis	27
Ant‐induced evolutionary patterns in aphids	27
Ecophysiological steps of marine adaptation in extant and extinct non‐avian tetrapods	27
Calpain–calpastatin system and cancer progression	27
A global synthesis of ecosystem services provided and disrupted by freshwater bivalve molluscs	27
Direct and indirect effects of climate change on distribution and community composition of macrophytes in lentic systems	26
Sublethal effects of contaminants on marine habitat‐forming species: a review and meta‐analysis	26
Global variation in freshwater physico‐chemistry and its influence on chemical toxicity in aquatic wildlife	26
Meiosis and beyond – understanding the mechanistic and evolutionary processes shaping the germline genome	25
The locomotion of extinct secondarily aquatic tetrapods	25
A method for assessing sustainability, with beef production as an example	25
Why do males emerge before females? Sexual size dimorphism drives sexual bimaturism in insects	25
A pan‐metazoan concept for adult stem cells: the wobbling Penrose landscape	25
Small things are important: the value of singular point elements for birds in agricultural landscapes	25
Differences in resource acquisition, not allocation, mediate the relationship between behaviour and fitness: a systematic review and meta‐analysis	25
The integrative biology of genetic dominance	25
The singing question: re‐conceptualizing birdsong	24
Convergence and divergence in lizard colour polymorphisms	24
Why are there so many bee‐orchid species? Adaptive radiation by intra‐specific competition for mnesic pollinators	24
The convoluted history of haem biosynthesis	24
A comprehensive overview of the effects of urbanisation on sexual selection and sexual traits	23
What is the status of metabolic theory one century after Pütter invented the von Bertalanffy growth curve?	23
A synthesis of deimatic behaviour	22
Litter quality and stream physicochemical properties drive global invertebrate effects on instream litter decomposition	22
More losers than winners: investigating Anthropocene defaunation through the diversity of population trends	22
Interocean patterns in shallow water sponge assemblage structure and function	22
Amphicarpic plants: definition, ecology, geographic distribution, systematics, life history, evolution and use in agriculture	21
Seawater intrusion: an appraisal of taxa at most risk and safe salinity levels	21
Life‐history strategies in salmonids: the role of physiology and its consequences	21
Why aren't warning signals everywhere? On the prevalence of aposematism and mimicry in communities	21
The stele – a developmental perspective on the diversity and evolution of primary vascular architecture	21
Convergent evolution of toxin resistance in animals	21
Olfactory camouflage and communication in birds	21
A guide to area‐restricted search: a foundational foraging behaviour	21
Formation, structure, and function of extra‐skeletal bones in mammals	21
Morphology and distribution of scales, dermal ossifications, and other non‐feather integumentary structures in non‐avialan theropod dinosaurs	20

Invasion of temperate deciduous broadleaf forests by N‐fixing tree species – consequences for stream ecosystems	20
Humoral immune responses to AAV gene therapy in the ocular compartment	20
Sex roles and sex ratios in animals	20
Recent advances in heteromorph ammonoid palaeobiology	20
Vertical stratification of seed‐dispersing vertebrate communities and their interactions with plants in tropical forests	20
Magnitude and direction of parasite‐induced phenotypic alterations: a meta‐analysis in acanthocephalans	20
Behavioural ecology at the spatial–social interface	19
The terrestrial and semi‐aquatic invertebrates of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams	19
Improving zebrafish laboratory welfare and scientific research through understanding their natural history	19
The behavioural and physiological ecology of embryos: responding to the challenges of life inside an egg	19
Pest suppression by bats and management strategies to favour it: a global review	19
Evaluating endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response through the lens of ecology and evolution	19
Newborn and elderly skin: two fragile skins at higher risk of pressure injury	19
How climate, topography, soils, herbivores, and fire control forest–grassland coexistence in the Eurasian forest‐steppe	19
A farewell to arms and legs: a review of limb reduction in squamates	19
Minimizing animal welfare harms associated with predation management in agro‐ecosystems	18
Temporal resource partitioning mitigates interspecific competition and promotes coexistence among insect parasites	18
Eco‐genetics of desiccation resistance in Drosophila	18
From fibre to function: are we accurately representing muscle architecture and performance?	18
Forests are critically important to global pollinator diversity and enhance pollination in adjacent crops	18
The evolution, ecology, and conservation of hummingbirds and their interactions with flowering plants	18
How feedback and feed‐forward mechanisms link determinants of social dominance	18
Understanding ‘it depends’ in ecology: a guide to hypothesising, visualising and interpreting statistical interactions	18
The evolution of sex peptide: sexual conflict, cooperation, and coevolution	18
Feather function and the evolution of birds	18
A framework to integrate innovations in invasion science for proactive management	17
Eco‐evolutionary consequences of habitat warming and fragmentation in communities	17
The topology and drivers of ant–symbiont networks across Europe	17
Molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the adaptability of polyploid plants	17
The effects of endocrine disruptors on the male germline: an intergenerational health risk	17
The mutualism–antagonism continuum in Neotropical palm–frugivore interactions: from interaction outcomes to ecosystem dynamics	17
Methodological advances for hypothesis‐driven ethnobiology	17
Sexual conflict in a changing environment	17
The diet of early birds based on modern and fossil evidence and a new framework for its reconstruction	16
The biomechanics of pollen release: new perspectives on the evolution of wind pollination in angiosperms	16
Social competition as a driver of phenotype–environment correlations: implications for ecology and evolution	16
Using value of information to prioritize research needs for migratory bird management under climate change: a case study using federal land acquisition in the United States	16
Demographic effects of road mortality on mammalian populations: a systematic review	16
The importance of considering age when quantifying wild animals’ welfare	16
ATP binding cassette importers in eukaryotic organisms	16
Insecticide‐contaminated honeydew: risks for beneficial insects	15
Beneficial intergenerational effects of exercise on brain and cognition: a multilevel meta‐analysis of mean and variance	15
Understanding the evolution of viviparity using intraspecific variation in reproductive mode and transitional forms of pregnancy	15
Evolution and patterning of the ovule in seed plants	15
Carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation using macroalgae: a state of knowledge review	15
Ancient life and moving fluids	15
The secretome of Verticillium dahliae in collusion with plant defence responses modulates Verticillium wilt symptoms	15
Who listens to mother? A whole‐family perspective on the evolution of maternal hormone allocation	14
Fish as a model in social neuroscience: conservation and diversity in the social brain network	14
Worms and gills, plates and spines: the evolutionary origins and incredible disparity of deuterostomes revealed by fossils, genes, and development	14
Biotic homogenisation and differentiation as directional change in beta diversity: synthesising driver–response relationships to develop conceptual models across ecosystems	14
Sowing forests: a synthesis of seed dispersal and predation by agoutis and their influence on plant communities	14
The phenotypic costs of captivity	14
Male alternative reproductive tactics and sperm competition: a meta‐analysis	14
Morphology of the temporal skull region in tetrapods: research history, functional explanations, and a new comprehensive classification scheme	14
A multilevel analytical framework for studying cultural evolution in prehistoric hunter–gatherer societies	14
The hidden links between animal weapons, fighting style, and their effect on contest success: a meta‐analysis	14
Trade‐off mitigation: a conceptual framework for understanding floral adaptation in multispecies interactions	14
Microbes, metabolites and (synaptic) malleability, oh my! The effect of the microbiome on synaptic plasticity	13
Extreme weather events threaten biodiversity and functions of river ecosystems: evidence from a meta‐analysis	13
Passive directed dispersal of plants by animals	13
Fluorescent nanoparticles as tools in ecology and physiology	13
Critical thermal limits in ants and their implications under climate change	13
Parent–offspring cannibalism throughout the animal kingdom: a review of adaptive hypotheses	13
The science and engineering of stem cell‐derived organoids‐examples from hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic tissues	13
Towards understanding the extensive diversity of protein N‐glycan structures in eukaryotes	13
Social pressure drives “conversational rules” in great apes	13
The origin and early evolution of arthropods	13
Origin and evolution of fungus farming in wood‐boring Coleoptera – a palaeontological perspective	13
How phenological tracking shapes species and communities in non‐stationary environments	12
Programmed ageing: decline of stem cell renewal, immunosenescence, and Alzheimer's disease	12
Sophistication in a seemingly simple creature: a review of wild holothurian nutrition in marine ecosystems	12
Broad‐scale climate variation drives the dynamics of animal populations: a global multi‐taxa analysis	12
What do we know about growth of vessel elements of secondary xylem in woody plants?	12
Ashmole's hypothesis and the latitudinal gradient in clutch size	12
Avian adjustments to cold and non‐shivering thermogenesis: whats, wheres and hows	12
Coastal peat‐beds and peatlands of the southern North Sea: their past, present and future	11
Successional theories	11
New insights on the reparative cells in bone regeneration and repair	11
Motor function recovery: deciphering a regenerative niche at the neuromuscular synapse	11
The Method of Local Restriction: in search of potential great ape culture‐dependent forms	11
Algal volatiles – the overlooked chemical language of aquatic primary producers	11
The impact of environmental and social factors on learning abilities: a meta‐analysis	11
On the move: sloths and their epibionts as model mobile ecosystems	10
The ephemeral resource patch concept	10
Tactics of evasion: strategies used by signallers to deter eavesdropping enemies from exploiting communication systems	10
Intentional communication: solving methodological issues to assigning first‐order intentional signalling	10
The ecological drivers and consequences of wildlife trade	10
Estimating counterfactuals for evaluation of ecological and conservation impact: an introduction to matching methods	10
The ecology of sleep in non‐avian reptiles	10
Exploring the causes and consequences of cooperative behaviour in wild animal populations using a social network approach	10
The Staufen1‐dependent cell cycle regulon or how a misregulated RNA‐binding protein leads to cancer	10
Microbiome mediation of animal life histories via metabolites and insulin‐like signalling	10
A conceptual framework to predict social information use based on food ephemerality and individual resource requirements	10
When one tail isn't enough: abnormal caudal regeneration in lepidosaurs and its potential ecological impacts	10