OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The TQCC of Green Chemistry is 18. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-12-01 to 2025-12-01.)

Article	Citations
Solvent-free Markovnikov hydroamination of vinylarenes with carboxamides: a heterogeneous catalytic approach using Hβ zeolite	926
Inside front cover	433
Inside back cover	317
Inside front cover	274
Contents list	250
Back cover	241
Contents list	233
Electrochemical C–O bond cleavage of diaryl ethers: upcycling of lignin 4-O-5 models and polyphenylene oxide	200
Front cover	195
Oxygen-harvesting carbon dot photocatalysts for ambient tandem oxidative synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones	194
Inside front cover	192
Inside back cover	190
Contents list	187
Biobased sunscreen fabrication using Zn-porphyrins from engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum	182
Phase-segregated PtNi₅ rhombic dodecahedra enable excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution in the full pH range	168
Metal-free photocatalysis at charged aqueous interfaces: boosting the photocatalytic oxidative coupling of arylamines to azoaromatics under ambient conditions	167
Bioconversion of wastewater-derived cresols to methyl muconic acids for use in performance-advantaged bioproducts	165
Contents list	162
1,2,3-Trimethoxypropane: a bio-sourced glyme as electrolyte for lithium–O₂ batteries	157
Introduction to green and sustainable batteries	156
Back cover	156
Wood-inspired dual-scale directional channel cellulose bioreactors with high mass transfer efficiency for continuous flow catalytic green conversion	156
Phosphatidylcholine-driven cell-like assembly of lignin for reinforcing and toughening rubber materials	154
Multi-layered CuO/SiO₂ core–shell structure improves electrocatalytic CO₂-to-n-propanol conversion	152
Synthesis of α-aminophosphorous derivatives using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) in a dual role	152

Oxidized thiourea derivatives: uncovering new frontiers with resonant acoustic mixing (RAM)	145
Biodegradable alginate derivatives obtained by eco-friendly ultrasound technology for more sustainable leather tanning	145
Design and synthesis of covalently tethered “isoG-star” as a recyclable host for selective cesium separation	136
Selective C–O bond cleavage enhances aromatics production from lignin-derived platform molecules with ethanol as a hydrogen donor	133
Amino and hydroxyl functionalization of nucleosides via resonant acoustic mixing	131
Oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts for green hydrogen production in seawater: enhancement mechanism in catalytic activity and durability	131
Polymer monomers fabricated from biomass platform molecules over metal-free catalysts	126
Efficient CO₂ electroreduction to n-propanol on a matching cobalt phthalocyanine/copper tandem catalyst	126
Additive-free N-methylation reaction synergistically catalyzed by Pt single atoms and clusters on α-MoC using methanol as a sustainable C1 source	125
Hierarchical porous organometallic polymers enable industrial-level acidic CO₂ electroreduction	122
Ligand-induced tetrad effect in coordination leaching of ion-adsorption rare earth ores: enhanced recovery of high-value low-lanthanum rare earth concentrates	119
Iridium-catalyzed N-methylation of drug molecules	114
Cobalt-catalysed CH-alkylation of indoles with alcohols by borrowing hydrogen methodology	114
Dibasic esters as green solvents for PVDF membrane preparation	113
Visible-light-induced iron-catalyzed synthesis of N-aryl amides from nitroarenes and chloroalkanes	113
Redox-mediated electrified synthesis of benzaldehyde	112
An ultra-fast and eco-friendly recycling process for spent LIBs using deep eutectic solvents: mechanism and life-cycle insight	112
Organic redox polymers as electrochemical energy materials	112
Photo/electrocatalytic site-selective C–H functionalization of 8-aminoquinolines and their analogues	112
Aliphatic C–H arylation with heteroarenes without photocatalysts	108
From green innovations in oligopeptide to oligonucleotide sustainable synthesis: differences and synergies in TIDES chemistry	108
Photoelectrocatalytic heteroarene C(sp²)–H borylation	107
Efficient catalytic degradation of anhydride-cured epoxy resin by amphiphilic molecule catalysts	106
Sustainable protocols for direct C–H bond arylation of (hetero)arenes	106
Strikingly high amount of tricin-lignin observed from vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) aerial roots	106
Plastic photoreforming: catalytic production of hydrogen and valuable chemicals	105
Sustainable base-mediated chemical upcycling of poly (propylene carbonate) to β-hydroxy sulfides and oxides	104
Materials from waste plastics for CO₂capture and utilisation	103
Applying green chemistry to raw material selection and product formulation at The Estée Lauder Companies	103
Two-step chemolytic delamination and depolymerization of multilayer laminated packaging films into valuable chemicals	103
Does enzymatic catalysis lead to more sustainable chemicals production? A life cycle sustainability assessment of isopropyl palmitate	103
Insights into photoelectrocatalytic lignin oxidation to value-added products using a niobium-doped titanium dioxide photoanode	103
‘In-water’, nickel-catalyzed mild preparation of allylic amines employing alcohols: application to ‘all-water’ synthesis of pharmaceuticals	102
Photoredox catalytic aminomethylation of sulfonylthiazoles	102
Rational catalyst design for acetaldehyde upgrading – an in-depth study on the use of a solid base and the development of a second generation supported N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst	102
Expanding the circularity of plastic and biochar materials by developing alternative low environmental footprint sensors	101
Tapping into the natural aromatic potential of microbial lignin valorization towards aromatic fine chemicals	101
Tuning the electronic structure of the Mn–N–C catalyst through XO₂ group (X = S, Se, Te) doping for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells	101
Catalyst-free defluorinative alkylation of trifluoromethyls	101
Recent advances in ex ante techno-environmental-economic assessment of thermochemical waste or biomass to energy technologies based on process simulation	100
Defossilising fuels and chemicals -a systemic analysis from feedstock and technology, to hurdles and enablers	97
Polysaccharide-based supramolecular bicomponent eutectogels as sustainable antioxidant materials	97
A radical Smiles rearrangement difunctionalization of activated alkenes via desulfonylation and insertion of sulfur dioxide relay strategy	96
Effect of pre-treatment of herbaceous feedstocks on behavior of inorganic constituents under chemical looping gasification (CLG) conditions	96
Facile synthesis of Pd–Au/BNNS bimetallic catalysts for direct generation of H₂O₂ from H₂ and O₂ under environmentally friendly conditions	96
Heuristic process prediction model for screening optimal green entrainers based on TAC and LCA impacts utilizing PSE concepts	95
Iron-photocatalyzed desulfurizing chlorination with seawater	95
Integrated design of multifunctional reinforced bioplastics (MReB) to synergistically enhance strength, degradability, and functionality	94
Regulating the hydrophobic microenvironment of SnS₂ to facilitate the interfacial CO₂/H₂O ratio towards pH-universal electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction	94
Metal-free decarboxylative C(sp³)–C(sp³) bond formation for the synthesis of unnatural amino acids and peptides via convergent paired electrolysis enabled radical–radical	94

Energy and cost-saving potential of combined carbon capture and conversion: a pioneering design of a process intensification concept harnessing CeO₂ as a dual-functional material	93
Long-lived triplet state carbon nitride (urea-CN_x) catalyzed metal-free photo-ATRP with oxygen acceleration	93
Photocatalyst-free H₂O-regulated and regiodivergent multicomponent hydrogenation/bifunctional sulfonylation of alkynes	93
A paired alkaline electrolyzer for furfural oxidation and hydrogen evolution over noble metal-free NiFe/Ni and Co/MXene catalysts	92
Atomically dispersed Co²⁺ on MgAlO_x boosting C_4–10 alcohols selectivity of ethanol valorization	92
Blowing tough polylactide film enabled by the in situ construction of covalent adaptive networks with epoxidized soybean oil as dynamic crosslinks	92
Halometallate ionic liquids: thermal properties, decomposition pathways, and life cycle considerations	91
Electrochemical ring-opening 1,3-dihydroxylation of arylcyclopropanes with H₂O	91
Tailoring surface reaction pathways by self-assembling a trifluoromethyl-terminated molecular layer to enhance photocatalytic cellulose-to-syngas conversion in pure water	90
Molecular understanding of the morphology and properties of lignin nanoparticles: unravelling the potential for tailored applications	90
Visible-light-induced hydroxycarboxylation of α-trifluoromethylstyrenes to construct densely functionalized α-CF₃ tertiary alcohols	90
Highly efficient sulfurized Re–Ir catalysts for multiple N-methylation of ethylenediamine and its homologous series with CO₂ and H₂ in water solvent	90
An in situ phosphorization constructed VP₂@VS₂ nanoflower heterostructure with a modulated d-band center of V for efficient polysulfide adsorption and conversion in lithiu	89
NHC–palladium-catalyzed ionic liquid-accelerated regioselective oxyarylation of alkynes with diaryl ethers	89
Machine learning-guided engineering of chalcone synthase enables high-selectivity phloretin biosynthesis in yeast	88
Net-zero transition of the global chemical industry with CO₂-feedstock by 2050: feasible yet challenging	86
Toward the next generation of sustainable aluminum-ion batteries: a review	85
Replacing polyacrylonitrile with Kraft lignin for sustainable carbon fiber manufacturing mitigates carbon emissions	84
Novel arylindane diols as sustainable primary antioxidants from lignin	83
Modular access to multi-substituted allenones via environmentally friendly organocatalytic C–H allenylation of aldehydes	83
Cyrene™ blends: a greener solvent system for organic syntheses	83
Design of environmentally degradable polyethylene-like polyesters and eco-friendly recycling via commercial enzymes	82
Sustainable lignin-derived hierarchical mesoporous carbon synthesized by a renewable nano-calcium carbonate hard template method and its utilization in zinc ion hybrid supercapacitors	82
Multi-step oxidative carboxylation of olefins with carbon dioxide by combining electrochemical and 3D-printed flow reactors	82
Natural deep eutectic solvent assisted synthesis and applications of chiral carbon dots	82
Voltage losses in indoor light harvesting organic photovoltaic devices: a case study of green solvent processed PM6/IT-4Cl devices	81
Enhancement of hydrogen production via methanol steam reforming using a Ni-based catalyst supported by spongy mesoporous alumina	81
Recent progress of biomass in conventional wood adhesives: a review	80
Catalyst-free mechanochemistry as a versatile tool in synthetic chemistry: a review	80
(B,P,Co,Fe)-Ni modified on nanowood for boosting seawater urea electro-oxidation	80
Computational modeling-guided design of deep eutectic solvents for tailoring lignin chemistry during lignocellulose pretreatment	80
Choline hydroxide based deep eutectic solvent for dissolving cellulose	80
Light-driven ultrafast dual C–C cleavage and coupling of dihydroxyacetone into high-purity carbon monoxide and ethylene glycol	80
An innovative, low-cost and environment-friendly approach by using a deep eutectic solvent as the water substitute to minimize waste in the textile industry and for better clothing performance	79
Characterization and molecular simulation of lignin in Cyrene pretreatment of switchgrass	78
Towards a scalable recycling process for ceramics in fuel-electrode-supported solid oxide cells	78
Electrosynthesis of benzyl-tert-butylamine via nickel-catalyzed oxidation of benzyl alcohol	78
Weakening fibril–fibril interactions via an on-demand regulation of hemicellulose phase towards the facile disassembly of lignocellulose heterostructure into approaching native-state elementary	78
Conversion of waste plastic into low-carbon olefins: directly producing C ₂ –C ₄ light olefins fro	77
A green chemical protocol for the separation of spent LiFePO ₄ cathode material from Al foil and regeneration	77
Syntheses and polymerization of monoterpene-based (meth)acrylates: IBO(M)A as a relevant monomer for industrial applications	76
Progress in torrefaction pretreatment for biomass gasification	76
Copper-supported catalysts for sustainable PET depolymerization: a cost-effective approach towards dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) production	76
Non-enzymatic signal-on electrochemiluminescence detection of organophosphorus pesticides based on tungsten disulfide quantum dots	76
Catalyst-free urea synthesis via plasma-driven direct coupling of CO ₂ and N	76
Red analytical performance index (RAPI) and software: the missing tool for assessing methods in terms of analytical performance	75
Advancements in catalysts for glycerol oxidation via photo-/electrocatalysis: a comprehensive review of recent developments	75
Organic carbonates as green media: from laboratory syntheses to industrial applications	75
Contents list	74
Green synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles: a sustainable approach	74
Synthesis of biodegradable PGA-PBC-PGA triblock copolymers and closed-loop recycling via a thermal depolymerization strategy	74
Front cover	73
Retraction: Metal-free, redox-neutral, and visible light-triggered coupling of CO₂ with epoxides to cyclic carbonates at atmospheric pressure	73
Back cover	73
A sustainable waste plastic valorisation: conversion of discarded polyurethane into an active micro-cleaner using a DES system	72
Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment for improving lignin properties and subsequent 4-vinylphenol production: an integrated experimental and modeling investigation	72
Discovery and green metabolic engineering of a self-sufficient genistein pathway in Paenibacillus jilinensis	72
Green synthesis of building blocks, drug candidates and fine chemicals by barochemistry: application of high pressure in organic synthesis	71
Front cover	71
An environmentally benign and atom-economical protocol for the regioselective synthesis of isoquinolones from o-alkynylaldehydes	71
Front cover	70
Carbonatation of [ethylene–glycidyl methacrylate]-based copolymers with carbon dioxide as a reagent: from batch to solvent-free reactive extrusion	70
Inside front cover	69
Contents list	69
Anodic electrochemical C–C bond cleavage co-catalyzed by ionic liquids and FeNi@C for lignin upgrading	69
Constructing a green oleaginous yeast cell factory for sustainable production of the plant-derived diterpenoid sclareol	68
Front cover	68
Contents list	68
Inside front cover	68
Sustainable mechanosynthesis of diamide tetraols monomers and their enzymatic polymerization	68
N-heterocyclic carbene and photocatalyst-catalyzed rapid access to indole ketones via radical C(sp³)–H acylation	68
Making polymers with low carbon content: a sustainable option	67
Glycerol and its derivatives as potential C-3 bio-based building blocks for accessing active pharmaceutical ingredients	67
Tuning the electron affinity of cobalt oxide catalysts for robust acidic oxygen evolution	67
A general module assembly strategy for the generation of chondroitin sulfate polymers	67
Electrochemical ring-opening oxidation of aryl thianthrenium salts	67
Back cover	67
Mechanochemical-assisted carbothermal reduction for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries: a green and economical recycling strategy	67
Heterostructure of hollow MoSe₂@CoSe for stable sodium storage	66
Confined synthesis of glucan oligomers from glucose in zeolites	66

Base-selective access to highly functionalized heterocycles from multicomponent Ugi adducts	66
A potential alternative to fungicides using actives-free (meth)acrylate polymers for protection of wheat crops from fungal attachment and infection	66
Investigation into the effect of solvents on lignin hydrogenation for the production of phenolic compounds	65
Oxidative enzyme activation of cellulose substrates for surface modification	65
Developing a transition-metal-free green protocol for the electrophilic hydrazination of silyl enol ethers using diazo electrophiles with EtOH–H₂O as a safe solvent	65
Back cover	65
Catalyst-free process for oxidation of furfural to maleic acid by high frequency ultrasonic activation	65
Feedstock agnostic upcycling of industrial mixed plastic from shredder residue pragmatically through a composite approach	65
Iron-catalyzed regioselective C–H alkylation of indoles: an additive-free approach in renewable solvent	64
Back cover	64
Selective electrosynthesis of aldehydes at industrially relevant current densities via tandem electrochemical–chemical catalysis	64
Advances in ionic liquid recycling for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment	64
Heteroatom Lewis acid zeolites: synthesis, characterization and application in the conversion of biomass-derived oxygenates	64
Microwave-irradiated rapid synthesis of antimicrobial pyrazine derivatives in reactive eutectic media	64
Advancing green chemistry performance assessment: the Estée Lauder Companies’ continuing journey towards meaningful transparency	64
Catalytic aerobic oxidation of lignin-based vanillyl alcohol under base–free conditions over an efficient and reusable LaFeO₃ perovskite for vanillin production	64
Regio- and stereo-selective amination of fatty acids tod-amino acids by a three-step one-pot cascade	64
Engineered pH-buffering nanocomposite for robust one-pot multi-enzyme cascade synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid	63
Photo-induced C(sp ³ )–H functionalization of unactivated alkanes under transition-metal- and photocatalyst-free conditions	63
Contents list	63
Direct nitrile electrosynthesis from amino acids on nickel oxyhydroxide	63
In situ cyanide functionalization of ZIF-8 by γ-irradiation for photochemical removal of uranium	62
Green and efficient synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon derived from MOF-235 for catalytic degradation of thiocyanate	62
Active hydrogen tuning by copper–cobalt bimetal catalysts for boosting ammonia electrosynthesis from simulated wastewater	62
Progress in the synthesis of carbon aerogels for advanced energy storage applications	62
Efficient synthesis of covalent organic frameworks in supercritical carbon dioxide and their application in iodine capture	62
The design of alternative anodic reactions paired with electrochemical CO₂ reduction	62
Construction and optimization of efficient glucose–xylose co-fermenting yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for green and sustainable succinic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass	61
Rhenium-based catalysts for biomass conversion	61
An ‘enhancement-tandem effect’ induced by the ‘P vacancy–Cr dopant structure’ for optimizing the energy barrier and reaction pathway for alkaline HER	61
Co-generation of electricity and formate in glycerol fuel cells with a bifunctional PdPtAg alloy nanowire electrocatalyst	61
Affinity of K⁺to organic matter promotes reactions: degradation of super stable phenolic epoxy vinyl ester resin to value-added chemicals	61
Photoinduced carbonylative synthesis of β-trifluoromethylated thioesters through 1,2-trifluoromethylation and carbonylation of alkenes	61
Photocatalytic acylation of lysine screened using a microfluidic-based chemical robotic system	60
Organic-electrical reduction of carbon–carbon double bonds	60
Electron-mediator-free efficient photocatalytic regeneration of coenzyme NAD(P)H via direct electron transfer using ultrathin Bi₂MoO₆ nanosheets	60
Homogeneous vs. heterogeneous catalysts for acceptorless dehydrogenation of biomass-derived glycerol and ethanol towards circular chemistry	60
Catalytic C–N bond formation strategies for green amination of biomass-derived molecules	59
Divergent synthesis of nitrogen heterocyclesviaH₂O-mediated hydride transfer reactions	59
Electrochemical nitration for organic C–N bond formation: a current view on possible N-sources, mechanisms, and technological feasibility	59
Visible-light-promoted synthesis of gem-dihaloenones	59
One-pot synthesis of cyclohexylphenol via isopropyl alcohol-assisted phenol conversion using the tandem system RANEY® Nickel plus hierarchical Beta zeolite	58
Photoredox streamlines electrocatalysis: photoelectrosynthesis of polycyclic pyrimidin-4-ones through carbocyclization of unactivated alkenes with malonates	58
Cu(ii)-catalyzed ‘in-water’N-arylation of electron-deficient NH-heterocycles	58
A form-stable phase change material based on intermolecular hydrogen bonding with a high chemical recycling rate	58
Mechanochemical Simmons–Smith cyclopropanationviaball-milling-enabled activation of zinc(0)	58
Valorization of chicken feathers using aqueous solutions of ionic liquids	58
Photo- and electro-chemical synthesis of substituted pyrroles	58
Halogen-bonding-mediated synthesis of amides and peptides	57
Elucidating the nonproductive adsorption mechanism of cellulase with lignin fractions from hydrothermally pretreated poplar using multi-dimensional spectroscopic technologies	57
Design of halogen-free hyper-crosslinked porous ionic polymers for efficient CO₂ capture and conversion	57
Multi-step chemo-enzymatic synthesis of azelaic and pelargonic acids from the soapstock of high-oleic sunflower oil refinement	57
Direct reuse of aluminium and copper current collectors from spent lithium-ion batteries	57
“On-water” defluorophosphorylation of trifluoromethylated enones with phosphine oxides	57
A novel electrochemical redox method for the simultaneous recovery of spent lithium-ion battery cathodes and anodes	56
Sustainability in a can: upcycling aluminium scrap in the waste-minimized electrochemical synthesis of 2-oxazoline	56
Supercritical carbon dioxide as reaction medium for selective hydrogenation of fluorinated arenes	56
Boric acid-crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol): biodegradable, biocompatible, robust, and high-barrier paper coating	56
Aminated and amidated structures introduced by ethylenediamine pretreatment endow lignin with bright fluorescence	55
New insights into urethane alcoholysis enable chemical full recycling of blended fabric waste	55
Efficient hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolic compounds under acid-free conditions over carbon-supported NiMo catalysts	55
Selective chemical disassembly of elastane fibres and polyurethane coatings in textiles	55
An eco-friendly, low-cost, and automated strategy for phosphoproteome profiling	54
Semi-overexpressed OsMYB86L2 specifically enhances cellulose biosynthesis to maximize bioethanol productivity by cascading lignocellulose depolymerization via integrated rapid-physical and recy	54
Electrochemical electrophilic bromination/spirocyclization of N-benzyl-acrylamides to brominated 2-azaspiro[4.5]decanes	54
Identification and quantification of lignin monomers and oligomers from reductive catalytic fractionation of pine wood with GC × GC – FID/MS	54
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES): green solvents for pharmaceutical applications and beyond	54
Recent developments of MXene-based catalysts for hydrogen production by water splitting	54
Efficient photocatalytic CO₂ reduction coupled with selective styrene oxidation over a modified g-C₃N₄/BiOBr composite with high atom economy	54
High efficiency coupled electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to C₂H₄ with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation over Cu-based nanoflower electrocatalysts	54
A green and efficient process for the stepwise extraction of Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Li from hazardous waste with a novel solvent extraction system of D2EHPA-NNPA	54
Principles and practice of greener ionic liquid–nanoparticles biosystem	54
Porphyrin and phthalocyanine-based covalent organic frameworks for electrocatalytic CO ₂ reduction: from structural design to future perspectives	54
Photoinitiators from bio-sourced naphthoquinone – the application of naphthoquinone-based vitamins K1 and K3 in free radical photopolymerization	54
Lignin-grafting alternative copolymer of 3,4-dihydrocoumarin and epoxides as an active and flexible ingredient in sunscreen	53
Novel tributyl phosphate-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent: application in simultaneous liquid–liquid microextraction of parabens and their metabolite in surface water samples	53
A novel high-entropy sulfide (ZnCoMnFeAlMg)₉S₈ as a low potential and long life electrocatalyst for overall water splitting in experiments and DFT analysis	53
Demystify the unique hydrogen spillover effect in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution	53
Boosting energy efficiency and selectivity of glucose oxidation toward glucuronic acid in high-frequency ultrasound using multicavity CuO catalytic cavitation agents	53
Hierarchical NiS_x/Ni₂P nanotube arrays with abundant interfaces for efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural	53
Demystifying the recent photochemical and electrochemical strategies in installing the magic methyl group: a comprehensive overview	53
A Green Chemistry Approach to the Synthesis of an Emerging Drug for the Treatment of Celiac Disease	52
Electrosynthesis of nitriles from primary alcohols and ammonia on Ni catalysts	52
Cold plasma activated Ni⁰/Ni²⁺ interface catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic methane oxidation to low-carbon alcohols	52
The synergistic effect of formate dehydrogenase and carbonic anhydrase accelerates the ethanol fermentation process and improves carbon recovery	52
CdS/Mg–Fe layered double hydroxide: a versatile heterogeneous photocatalyst for the acylation of indoles with α-keto acids	52
Inside front cover	52
Inside front cover	51
Contents list	51
Contents list	51
Back cover	51
Front cover	51
The low-temperature selective oxidation of alcohols and a one-pot oxidative esterification using an IBS(iii/v)/oxone catalysis	50
Inside back cover	50
Cascade dearomative [4 + 2] cycloaddition of indoles with in situ generated ortho-quinone methides: practical access to divergent indoline-fused polycycles	50