Sensors

Article	Citations
A Review on Biosensors and Recent Development of Nanostructured Materials-Enabled Biosensors	976
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): Principles, Construction, and Biosensing Applications	551
Classification of Skin Disease Using Deep Learning Neural Networks with MobileNet V2 and LSTM	436
Pelican Optimization Algorithm: A Novel Nature-Inspired Algorithm for Engineering Applications	404
Machine Learning in Agriculture: A Comprehensive Updated Review	363
Deep-Emotion: Facial Expression Recognition Using Attentional Convolutional Network	342
Sensor and Sensor Fusion Technology in Autonomous Vehicles: A Review	339
Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks and Internet of Things Frameworks in the Industry Revolution 4.0: A Systematic Literature Review	324
MRI-Based Brain Tumor Classification Using Ensemble of Deep Features and Machine Learning Classifiers	307
Comparing YOLOv3, YOLOv4 and YOLOv5 for Autonomous Landing Spot Detection in Faulty UAVs	272
Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring Technology: A Review	260
Ten Years of Lateral Flow Immunoassay Technique Applications: Trends, Challenges and Future Perspectives	238
A Survey of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Applied for Prediction of Plant Leaf Diseases	224
A Machine Learning Approach to Diagnosing Lung and Colon Cancer Using a Deep Learning-Based Classification Framework	217
Early Detection and Classification of Tomato Leaf Disease Using High-Performance Deep Neural Network	214
Design of Ultra-Narrow Band Graphene Refractive Index Sensor	207
LSTM Networks Using Smartphone Data for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition in Smart Homes	204
Deep Learning in Human Activity Recognition with Wearable Sensors: A Review on Advances	203
UAV-YOLOv8: A Small-Object-Detection Model Based on Improved YOLOv8 for UAV Aerial Photography Scenarios	202
A Review of Recent Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors Applications for Civil Engineering Structural Health Monitoring	200
Recent Advances in Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensing	199
Predictive Maintenance and Intelligent Sensors in Smart Factory: Review	197
A Survey of Autonomous Vehicles: Enabling Communication Technologies and Challenges	193
Study and Investigation on 5G Technology: A Systematic Review	187
Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Sensors: Physics, Materials, and Applications	182

Deep Learning Techniques for Speech Emotion Recognition, from Databases to Models	181
Face Mask Wearing Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLO-v4	181
Green IoT and Edge AI as Key Technological Enablers for a Sustainable Digital Transition towards a Smart Circular Economy: An Industry 5.0 Use Case	178
Survey of Explainable AI Techniques in Healthcare	177
Roadmap of Terahertz Imaging 2021	174
Review of Wearable Devices and Data Collection Considerations for Connected Health	172
A Modified Sparrow Search Algorithm with Application in 3d Route Planning for UAV	172
Enabling Technologies for Urban Smart Mobility: Recent Trends, Opportunities and Challenges	170
Evaluation of the Azure Kinect and Its Comparison to Kinect V1 and Kinect V2	166
Review on Conductive Polymer/CNTs Nanocomposites Based Flexible and Stretchable Strain and Pressure Sensors	165
A Review of Indirect Tool Condition Monitoring Systems and Decision-Making Methods in Turning: Critical Analysis and Trends	165
Crack Detection and Comparison Study Based on Faster R-CNN and Mask R-CNN	164
A Review of RFID Sensors, the New Frontier of Internet of Things	163
Path Planning for Autonomous Mobile Robots: A Review	161
Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection Using Electrochemical Immunosensor	159
Breast Cancer Classification from Ultrasound Images Using Probability-Based Optimal Deep Learning Feature Fusion	157
An Overview of Autonomous Vehicles Sensors and Their Vulnerability to Weather Conditions	154
Performance Evaluation of Deep CNN-Based Crack Detection and Localization Techniques for Concrete Structures	154
Review of Weed Detection Methods Based on Computer Vision	152
Explainable COVID-19 Detection Using Chest CT Scans and Deep Learning	151
Heart Rate Variability in Psychology: A Review of HRV Indices and an Analysis Tutorial	151
Towards Aircraft Maintenance Metaverse Using Speech Interactions with Virtual Objects in Mixed Reality	151
Comprehensive Review on Wearable Sweat-Glucose Sensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring	150
6G Enabled Smart Infrastructure for Sustainable Society: Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Roadmap	148
Diabetic Retinopathy Fundus Image Classification and Lesions Localization System Using Deep Learning	146
Wearable Sensor-Based Real-Time Gait Detection: A Systematic Review	146
A Survey on AI-Driven Digital Twins in Industry 4.0: Smart Manufacturing and Advanced Robotics	142
Federated Learning in Edge Computing: A Systematic Survey	141
Design, Modeling and Implementation of Digital Twins	141
Ventilation Diagnosis of Angle Grinder Using Thermal Imaging	141
An Experimental Analysis of Attack Classification Using Machine Learning in IoT Networks	136
Impact of COVID-19 on IoT Adoption in Healthcare, Smart Homes, Smart Buildings, Smart Cities, Transportation and Industrial IoT	134
A Hybrid Intrusion Detection Model Using EGA-PSO and Improved Random Forest Method	133
IoT and Interpretable Machine Learning Based Framework for Disease Prediction in Pearl Millet	133
Graph-Based Deep Learning for Medical Diagnosis and Analysis: Past, Present and Future	132
Review on Comparison of Different Energy Storage Technologies Used in Micro-Energy Harvesting, WSNs, Low-Cost Microelectronic Devices: Challenges and Recommendations	131
Soft Grippers for Automatic Crop Harvesting: A Review	128
MSFT-YOLO: Improved YOLOv5 Based on Transformer for Detecting Defects of Steel Surface	127
Chemical Gas Sensors: Recent Developments, Challenges, and the Potential of Machine Learning—A Review	127
Early Detection of Plant Viral Disease Using Hyperspectral Imaging and Deep Learning	126
Exploring the Full Potentials of IoT for Better Financial Growth and Stability: A Comprehensive Survey	126
An IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System	126
COVID-19 Detection from Chest X-ray Images Using Feature Fusion and Deep Learning	125
Fine-Tuned DenseNet-169 for Breast Cancer Metastasis Prediction Using FastAI and 1-Cycle Policy	125
Toward the Next Generation of Digitalization in Agriculture Based on Digital Twin Paradigm	124
Learning for a Robot: Deep Reinforcement Learning, Imitation Learning, Transfer Learning	124
Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio: Recent Advances and Future Challenge	123
A Review of EEG Signal Features and Their Application in Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems	123
Metal-Oxide Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Applications in Electrical and Electrochemical Sensors	123
Deep Learning-Based Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things towards Effective Energy Management for Smart Buildings	123

Smart Devices and Wearable Technologies to Detect and Monitor Mental Health Conditions and Stress: A Systematic Review	121
Brain Tumor/Mass Classification Framework Using Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging-Based Isolated and Developed Transfer Deep-Learning Model	120
Human Activity Recognition via Hybrid Deep Learning Based Model	120
Pain and Stress Detection Using Wearable Sensors and Devices—A Review	117
Latest Research Trends in Fall Detection and Prevention Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review	117
Current State of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Early Plant Disease Detection: A Review	115
Blockchain for Electronic Voting System—Review and Open Research Challenges	114
Microfluidic Point-of-Care (POC) Devices in Early Diagnosis: A Review of Opportunities and Challenges	114
Internet of Things: Evolution, Concerns and Security Challenges	114
A Framework for Malicious Traffic Detection in IoT Healthcare Environment	113
An Efficient Metaheuristic-Based Clustering with Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks	112
Internet of Things: Security and Solutions Survey	111
The Rise of Wearable Devices during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review	110
Real Time Pear Fruit Detection and Counting Using YOLOv4 Models and Deep SORT	109
Deep Learning for Smart Healthcare—A Survey on Brain Tumor Detection from Medical Imaging	108
Improved Metaheuristics-Based Clustering with Multihop Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks	108
Promising MPPT Methods Combining Metaheuristic, Fuzzy-Logic and ANN Techniques for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic	108
A Validation of Six Wearable Devices for Estimating Sleep, Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults	107
Advances in Plant Disease Detection and Monitoring: From Traditional Assays to In-Field Diagnostics	107
A Systematic Review of Advanced Sensor Technologies for Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring	107
Advanced Feature Extraction and Selection Approach Using Deep Learning and Aquila Optimizer for IoT Intrusion Detection System	107
An Industrial IoT-Based Blockchain-Enabled Secure Searchable Encryption Approach for Healthcare Systems Using Neural Network	106
Recognition of Leaf Disease Using Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network by Applying Feature Reduction	106
SPADs and SiPMs Arrays for Long-Range High-Speed Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)	105
Ambient Assisted Living: A Review of Technologies, Methodologies and Future Perspectives for Healthy Aging of Population	105
A Review on Mental Stress Assessment Methods Using EEG Signals	105
Design and Numerical Analysis of a Graphene-Coated SPR Biosensor for Rapid Detection of the Novel Coronavirus	105
A Survey of Human Activity Recognition in Smart Homes Based on IoT Sensors Algorithms: Taxonomies, Challenges, and Opportunities with Deep Learning	105
Communication Technologies for Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey	103
A Systematic Review of Sensing Technologies for Wearable Sleep Staging	102
Brain-Computer Interface: Advancement and Challenges	101
CICIoT2023: A Real-Time Dataset and Benchmark for Large-Scale Attacks in IoT Environment	100
Biosensors for the Detection of Bacterial and Viral Clinical Pathogens	100
Remote Sensing Methods for Flood Prediction: A Review	100
Deep Transfer Learning for Land Use and Land Cover Classification: A Comparative Study	100
Blockchain—Internet of Things Applications: Opportunities and Challenges for Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0	100
Review of Recent Microwave Planar Resonator-Based Sensors: Techniques of Complex Permittivity Extraction, Applications, Open Challenges and Future Research Directions	100
Bio-Based Sensors for Smart Food Packaging—Current Applications and Future Trends	100
Stroke Risk Prediction with Machine Learning Techniques	100
MoS2 Based Photodetectors: A Review	100
Modified U-NET Architecture for Segmentation of Skin Lesion	99
Integration of IoT-Enabled Technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Smart City Scenario: Recent Advancements and Future Trends	99
A Survey of Security in Cloud, Edge, and Fog Computing	98
An Effective Feature Selection Model Using Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithms for IoT Intrusion Detection	98
Next-Generation Internet of Things (IoT): Opportunities, Challenges, and Solutions	98
A Hybrid Deep CNN Model for Abnormal Arrhythmia Detection Based on Cardiac ECG Signal	98
Impact of Lung Segmentation on the Diagnosis and Explanation of COVID-19 in Chest X-ray Images	96
Printed Circuit Board Defect Detection Using Deep Learning via A Skip-Connected Convolutional Autoencoder	96
Electrocardiogram-Based Emotion Recognition Systems and Their Applications in Healthcare—A Review	96
Metaverse in Healthcare Integrated with Explainable AI and Blockchain: Enabling Immersiveness, Ensuring Trust, and Providing Patient Data Security	96
Pipeline In-Line Inspection Method, Instrumentation and Data Management	95
Predicting Energy Consumption Using LSTM, Multi-Layer GRU and Drop-GRU Neural Networks	95
Review of Underwater Sensing Technologies and Applications	95
The Promise of Sleep: A Multi-Sensor Approach for Accurate Sleep Stage Detection Using the Oura Ring	94
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Task Scheduling in IoT Edge Computing	94
Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition with Spatio-Temporal Deep Learning	93
Integration of Blockchain, IoT and Machine Learning for Multistage Quality Control and Enhancing Security in Smart Manufacturing	93
A Systematic Survey on the Role of Cloud, Fog, and Edge Computing Combination in Smart Agriculture	93
Particle Filters: A Hands-On Tutorial	93
A Vision-Based Social Distancing and Critical Density Detection System for COVID-19	93
Wearable Devices Suitable for Monitoring Twenty Four Hour Heart Rate Variability in Military Populations	92
Smart Textiles and Sensorized Garments for Physiological Monitoring: A Review of Available Solutions and Techniques	92
Fast Personal Protective Equipment Detection for Real Construction Sites Using Deep Learning Approaches	92
A Systematic Review of Commercial Smart Gloves: Current Status and Applications	92
Machine Learning for Wireless Sensor Networks Security: An Overview of Challenges and Issues	92
Fruit Quality Monitoring with Smart Packaging	91
Past, Present, and Future of EEG-Based BCI Applications	91
Influence of Human Factors on Cyber Security within Healthcare Organisations: A Systematic Review	91
A Review of Nanocomposite-Modified Electrochemical Sensors for Water Quality Monitoring	91
Smart Transportation: An Overview of Technologies and Applications	91
Quantization and Deployment of Deep Neural Networks on Microcontrollers	90
An Overview of Machine Learning within Embedded and Mobile Devices–Optimizations and Applications	90
Reliable Industry 4.0 Based on Machine Learning and IoT for Analyzing, Monitoring, and Securing Smart Meters	90
The Key Role of Active Sites in the Development of Selective Metal Oxide Sensor Materials	90
AI-Driven Framework for Recognition of Guava Plant Diseases through Machine Learning from DSLR Camera Sensor Based High Resolution Imagery	90
An Enhanced Intrusion Detection Model Based on Improved kNN in WSNs	90
Multiclass Skin Lesion Classification Using Hybrid Deep Features Selection and Extreme Learning Machine	89
Human-Robot Perception in Industrial Environments: A Survey	89
An Optimized Framework for WSN Routing in the Context of Industry 4.0	89
Practices and Applications of Convolutional Neural Network-Based Computer Vision Systems in Animal Farming: A Review	89

Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm and Application	89
Integration of Blockchain Technology and Federated Learning in Vehicular (IoT) Networks: A Comprehensive Survey	89
Ethical Dilemmas and Privacy Issues in Emerging Technologies: A Review	89
A Comprehensive Review on Critical Issues and Possible Solutions of Motor Imagery Based Electroencephalography Brain-Computer Interface	88
FL-PMI: Federated Learning-Based Person Movement Identification through Wearable Devices in Smart Healthcare Systems	88
Active Mapping and Robot Exploration: A Survey	88
Surface Plasmonic Sensors: Sensing Mechanism and Recent Applications	88
Evaluating the Single-Shot MultiBox Detector and YOLO Deep Learning Models for the Detection of Tomatoes in a Greenhouse	87
Collaborative Indoor Positioning Systems: A Systematic Review	87
Recent Trends in Biosensors for Environmental Quality Monitoring	86
Structural Health Monitoring in Composite Structures: A Comprehensive Review	86
Multi-Layer Blockchain-Based Security Architecture for Internet of Things	86
An Effective BERT-Based Pipeline for Twitter Sentiment Analysis: A Case Study in Italian	86
Transfer Learning for Sentiment Analysis Using BERT Based Supervised Fine-Tuning	85
Optical Fiber Sensors and Sensing Networks: Overview of the Main Principles and Applications	85
Robust Position Control of an Over-actuated Underwater Vehicle under Model Uncertainties and Ocean Current Effects Using Dynamic Sliding Mode Surface and Optimal Allocation Control	85
The New Hyperspectral Satellite PRISMA: Imagery for Forest Types Discrimination	84
A Novel Hybrid Trustworthy Decentralized Authentication and Data Preservation Model for Digital Healthcare IoT Based CPS	84
SF-YOLOv5: A Lightweight Small Object Detection Algorithm Based on Improved Feature Fusion Mode	84
Open-Source Federated Learning Frameworks for IoT: A Comparative Review and Analysis	84
BL-YOLOv8: An Improved Road Defect Detection Model Based on YOLOv8	84
MMW Radar-Based Technologies in Autonomous Driving: A Review	84
Multi-Label Active Learning-Based Machine Learning Model for Heart Disease Prediction	83
Blockchain for Modern Applications: A Survey	83
A Critical Cybersecurity Analysis and Future Research Directions for the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Review	82
A Systematic Review of Piezoelectric Materials and Energy Harvesters for Industrial Applications	82
Deep Learning and Transformer Approaches for UAV-Based Wildfire Detection and Segmentation	82
Towards Smart Home Automation Using IoT-Enabled Edge-Computing Paradigm	81
Classification and Explanation for Intrusion Detection System Based on Ensemble Trees and SHAP Method	81
Applications of Big Data Analytics to Control COVID-19 Pandemic	81
Wearable Devices for Ergonomics: A Systematic Literature Review	81
An Improvement of the Fire Detection and Classification Method Using YOLOv3 for Surveillance Systems	81
An Automated Light Trap to Monitor Moths (Lepidoptera) Using Computer Vision-Based Tracking and Deep Learning	80
An Improvised Deep-Learning-Based Mask R-CNN Model for Laryngeal Cancer Detection Using CT Images	79
Energy-Aware System Design for Autonomous Wireless Sensor Nodes: A Comprehensive Review	79
Security Requirements and Challenges of 6G Technologies and Applications	78
A New Statistical Features Based Approach for Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Vibration Signals	78
An Estimation Method of Continuous Non-Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure Waveform Using Photoplethysmography: A U-Net Architecture-Based Approach	78
A Review on Functionalized Graphene Sensors for Detection of Ammonia	78
Smart-Contract Aware Ethereum and Client-Fog-Cloud Healthcare System	78
Internet of Things for System Integrity: A Comprehensive Survey on Security, Attacks and Countermeasures for Industrial Applications	78
Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain for Securing the Edge Internet of Things	78
MmWave Radar and Vision Fusion for Object Detection in Autonomous Driving: A Review	78
A Comprehensive Review on Machine Learning in Healthcare Industry: Classification, Restrictions, Opportunities and Challenges	77
Artificial Intelligence-Based Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Review	77
Chest X-ray Classification for the Detection of COVID-19 Using Deep Learning Techniques	77
An Intelligent System for Early Recognition of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Neuroimaging	77
Intrusion Detection System in the Advanced Metering Infrastructure: A Cross-Layer Feature-Fusion CNN-LSTM-Based Approach	77
Assessment of Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Prediction from PPG and rPPG Signals Using Deep Learning	77
A Review of Recent Developments in Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems	77
Thermographic Fault Diagnosis of Ventilation in BLDC Motors	77
HRV Features as Viable Physiological Markers for Stress Detection Using Wearable Devices	77
An Efficient Deep Learning Approach to Automatic Glaucoma Detection Using Optic Disc and Optic Cup Localization	77
Review of Current Guided Wave Ultrasonic Testing (GWUT) Limitations and Future Directions	77
Security Information and Event Management (SIEM): Analysis, Trends, and Usage in Critical Infrastructures	77
Terahertz Emitter Using Resonant-Tunneling Diode and Applications	77
Automated Lung Sound Classification Using a Hybrid CNN-LSTM Network and Focal Loss Function	76
A Deep Learning Model for Predictive Maintenance in Cyber-Physical Production Systems Using LSTM Autoencoders	76
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Based Sensors for Strain Sensing Applications	76
Scientific Applications of Distributed Acoustic Sensing: State-of-the-Art Review and Perspective	76
An Efficient Anomaly Recognition Framework Using an Attention Residual LSTM in Surveillance Videos	76
Prediction of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease Using Wearables and Machine Learning	76
Proof of Concept for a Quick and Highly Sensitive On-Site Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Plasmonic Optical Fibers and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers	76
Human Activity Recognition Based on Residual Network and BiLSTM	76
P-Type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Thin Films: Synthesis and Chemical Sensor Applications	75
Industrial IoT, Cyber Threats, and Standards Landscape: Evaluation and Roadmap	75
A Survey of Recent Indoor Localization Scenarios and Methodologies	75
Design and Implementation of an ML and IoT Based Adaptive Traffic-Management System for Smart Cities	75
Smart Wearables for Cardiac Monitoring—Real-World Use beyond Atrial Fibrillation	75
3D Printing Techniques and Their Applications to Organ-on-a-Chip Platforms: A Systematic Review	75
Energy System 4.0: Digitalization of the Energy Sector with Inclination towards Sustainability	75
Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)-Loaded Metal-Oxide Nanofiber Gas Sensors: An Overview	74
Drone vs. Bird Detection: Deep Learning Algorithms and Results from a Grand Challenge	74
Non-Destructive Techniques for the Condition and Structural Health Monitoring of Wind Turbines: A Literature Review of the Last 20 Years	74
Deep Feature Extraction and Classification of Android Malware Images	74
Piezoelectric Materials and Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: Fundamental Aspects, Current Status, and Future Perspectives	74
Recent Developments in Graphene-Based Toxic Gas Sensors: A Theoretical Overview	74
Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications	74
The New Trend of State Estimation: From Model-Driven to Hybrid-Driven Methods	73
A Blockchain-Based Trust Model for the Internet of Things Supply Chain Management	73
Fault Detection and Identification Method for Quadcopter Based on Airframe Vibration Signals	73
Review of Novel and Emerging Proximal Soil Moisture Sensors for Use in Agriculture	73
Porous Silicon Optical Devices: Recent Advances in Biosensing Applications	73
AdPSO: Adaptive PSO-Based Task Scheduling Approach for Cloud Computing	73
Automatic Number Plate Recognition:A Detailed Survey of Relevant Algorithms	73
A Review on Humidity, Temperature and Strain Printed Sensors—Current Trends and Future Perspectives	73
Cybersecurity in Power Grids: Challenges and Opportunities	73
Bluetooth 5.1: An Analysis of Direction Finding Capability for High-Precision Location Services	73
Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition Using Fine-Tuned Convolutional Neural Network	73
An Attention-Based Multilayer GRU Model for Multistep-Ahead Short-Term Load Forecasting	73
Wearable Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition with Transformer Model	72
Melanoma Classification Using a Novel Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Dermoscopic Images	72
Recent Progress in Smart Electronic Nose Technologies Enabled with Machine Learning Methods	72
Urban Vegetation Mapping from Aerial Imagery Using Explainable AI (XAI)	72
Monitoring Soil and Ambient Parameters in the IoT Precision Agriculture Scenario: An Original Modeling Approach Dedicated to Low-Cost Soil Water Content Sensors	72