OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Ethics and Information Technology is 3. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-05-01 to 2025-05-01.)

Article	Citations
Military robots should not look like a humans	89
An Ellulian analysis of propaganda in the context of generative AI	79
Socially Disruptive Technologies and Conceptual Engineering	72
AI responsibility gap: not new, inevitable, unproblematic	51
Correction: Beyond transparency and explainability: on the need for adequate and contextualized user guidelines for LLM use	51
Epistemo-ethical constraints on AI-human decision making for diagnostic purposes	49
Non-empirical problems in fair machine learning	41
Disembodied friendship: virtual friends and the tendencies of technologically mediated friendship	40
What is the ‘personal’ in ‘personal information’?	40
Digitalization of contact tracing: balancing data privacy with public health benefit	39
Conceptualizing understanding in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI): an abilities-based approach	38
Correction: ChatGPT is bullshit	36
The Right to Break the Law? Perfect Enforcement of the Law Using Technology Impedes the Development of Legal Systems	32
Legal reviews of in situ learning in autonomous weapons	31
Why converging technologies need converging international regulation	31
Engineering responsibility	29
Technology and moral change: the transformation of truth and trust	27
Responsible guidelines for authorship attribution tasks in NLP	26
Tracing app technology: an ethical review in the COVID-19 era and directions for post-COVID-19	25
Life after privacy: reclaiming democracy in a surveillance society	24
A data-centric approach for ethical and trustworthy AI in journalism	23
Deny, dismiss and downplay: developers’ attitudes towards risk and their role in risk creation in the field of healthcare-AI	23
Legal and ethical implications of autonomous cyber capabilities: a call for retaining human control in cyberspace	22
The irresponsibility of not using AI in the military	20
Ethical responsibility and computational design: bespoke surgical tools as an instructive case study	20

Calibrating machine behavior: a challenge for AI alignment	20
Socially disruptive technologies and epistemic injustice	20
Design culture for Sustainable urban artificial intelligence: Bruno Latour and the search for a different AI urbanism	19
Technologically mediated encounters with ‘nature’	19
Humans, Neanderthals, robots and rights	19
How can we know a self-driving car is safe?	18
Mechanic citizenship: Boston Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics and the constitution of digital citizens	18
The need for and nature of a normative, cultural psychology of weaponized AI (artificial intelligence)	18
Psychological consequences of legal responsibility misattribution associated with automated vehicles	17
Legitimacy and automated decisions: the moral limits of algocracy	17
Use case cards: a use case reporting framework inspired by the European AI Act	15
The video gamer’s dilemmas	14
Ethical implications of fairness interventions: what might be hidden behind engineering choices?	14
Enabling Fairness in Healthcare Through Machine Learning	14
Autonomous Military Systems: collective responsibility and distributed burdens	14
AWS compliance with the ethical principle of proportionality: three possible solutions	14
A phenomenology and epistemology of large language models: transparency, trust, and trustworthiness	13
Smart cities as a testbed for experimenting with humans? - Applying psychological ethical guidelines to smart city interventions	13
Ethical concerns in rescue robotics: a scoping review	12
ChatGPT is bullshit	12
Urban Digital Twins and metaverses towards city multiplicities: uniting or dividing urban experiences?	12
Algorithmic decision-making employing profiling: will trade secrecy protection render the right to explanation toothless?	11
Negotiating becoming: a Nietzschean critique of large language models	11
Is moral status done with words?	11
The Ethics of AI in Human Resources	11
Big data and the risk of misguided responsibilization	11
Rethinking explainability: toward a postphenomenology of black-box artificial intelligence in medicine	10
The landscape of data and AI documentation approaches in the European policy context	10
Can the predictive processing model of the mind ameliorate the value-alignment problem?	10
Generative AI models should include detection mechanisms as a condition for public release	10
A values-based approach to designing military autonomous systems	9
Introduction to the topical collection on AI and responsibility	9
What responsibility gaps are and what they should be	9
Correction: The repugnant resolution: has Coghlan & Cox resolved the Gamer’s Dilemma?	9
Enforcing ethical goals over reinforcement-learning policies	9
Public health measures and the rise of incidental surveillance: Considerations about private informational power and accountability	9
Digital temperance: adapting an ancient virtue for a technological age	9
Vicarious liability: a solution to a problem of AI responsibility?	9
Cobots, “co-operation” and the replacement of human skill	9
A Capability Approach to worker dignity under Algorithmic Management	9
Cognitive warfare: an ethical analysis	8
Explanation and Agency: exploring the normative-epistemic landscape of the “Right to Explanation”	8
Deconstructing controversies to design a trustworthy AI future	8
Ethics of sleep tracking: techno-ethical particularities of consumer-led sleep-tracking with a focus on medicalization, vulnerability, and relationality	8
Autonomous weapon systems and responsibility gaps: a taxonomy	8
Correction to: Weapons of moral construction? On the value of fairness in algorithmic decision-making	7
Explainable AI in the military domain	7
Tailoring responsible research and innovation to the translational context: the case of AI-supported exergaming	7
Framing the Gamer’s Dilemma	7
Ethics of generative AI and manipulation: a design-oriented research agenda	7

Artificial intelligence and responsibility gaps: what is the problem?	6
Design for values and conceptual engineering	6
Automated opioid risk scores: a case for machine learning-induced epistemic injustice in healthcare	6
Responsible reliance concerning development and use of AI in the military domain	6
Can we solve the Gamer’s Dilemma by resisting it?	6
A systematic review of almost three decades of value sensitive design (VSD): what happened to the technical investigations?	6
Dirty data labeled dirt cheap: epistemic injustice in machine learning systems	6
Does kindness towards robots lead to virtue? A reply to Sparrow’s asymmetry argument	5
AI and the need for justification (to the patient)	5
Diversity and language technology: how language modeling bias causes epistemic injustice	5
Policy advice and best practices on bias and fairness in AI	5
Empathy training through virtual reality: moral enhancement with the freedom to fall?	5
Correction to: the Ethics of AI in Human Resources	5
Conceptualizations of user autonomy within the normative evaluation of dark patterns	5
Easy-read and large language models: on the ethical dimensions of LLM-based text simplification	5
Mind the gap: bridging the divide between computer scientists and ethicists in shaping moral machines	5
What is conceptual disruption?	5
A moving target in AI-assisted decision-making: dataset shift, model updating, and the problem of update opacity	5
Role of emotions in responsible military AI	5
Between death and suffering: resolving the gamer’s dilemma	5
Why a treaty on autonomous weapons is necessary and feasible	5
Ethics framework for predictive clinical AI model updating	5
Explanatory pragmatism: a context-sensitive framework for explainable medical AI	5
Human digital twins unlocking Society 5.0? Approaches, emerging risks and disruptions	5
Embracing grief in the age of deathbots: a temporary tool, not a permanent solution	5
Transparency for AI systems: a value-based approach	5
Ludic resistance: a new solution to the gamer’s paradox	5
Moral autonomy of patients and legal barriers to a possible duty of health related data sharing	4
Engineers on responsibility: feminist approaches to who’s responsible for ethical AI	4
The value of responsibility gaps in algorithmic decision-making	4
Getting it right: the limits of fine-tuning large language models	4
The ethics of online steering	4
Robots, institutional roles and joint action: some key ethical issues	4
Socializing the political: rethinking filter bubbles and social media with Hannah Arendt	4
Trust in medical artificial intelligence: a discretionary account	4
The perfect technological storm: artificial intelligence and moral complacency	4
Understanding responsibility in Responsible AI. Dianoetic virtues and the hard problem of context	4
Violent video games: content, attitudes, and norms	4
Dual-use implications of AI text generation	4
Artificial intelligence and humanitarian obligations	4
Military artificial intelligence as power: consideration for European Union actorness	3
Trustworthiness of voting advice applications in Europe	3
Mapping the landscape of ethical considerations in explainable AI research	3
Dating apps as tools for social engineering	3
Technology and pronouns: disrupting the ‘Natural Attitude about Gender’	3
Non-consensual personified sexbots: an intrinsic wrong	3
Melting contestation: insurance fairness and machine learning	3
Fiduciary requirements for virtual assistants	3
Correction: Framing the Gamer’s Dilemma	3
LLMs beyond the lab: the ethics and epistemics of real-world AI research	3
A portrait of the artist as a young algorithm	3
Cut the crap: a critical response to “ChatGPT is bullshit”	3
Should we embrace “Big Sister”? Smart speakers as a means to combat intimate partner violence	3
Ethical dilemmas are really important to potential adopters of autonomous vehicles	3
The ethics of hacking. Ross W. Bellaby	3
Algorithmic legitimacy in clinical decision-making	3
Nullius in Explanans: an ethical risk assessment for explainable AI	3
The gamer’s dilemma: an expressivist response	3
The contested role of AI ethics boards in smart societies: a step towards improvement based on board composition by sortition	3
Human achievement and artificial intelligence	3