Precision Agriculture

Article	Citations
Automation in Agriculture by Machine and Deep Learning Techniques: A Review of Recent Developments	123
Fast and accurate detection of kiwifruit in orchard using improved YOLOv3-tiny model	109
Robots in agriculture: prospects, impacts, ethics, and policy	101
Site-specific nitrogen management in winter wheat supported by low-altitude remote sensing and soil data	69
Deep learning-based identification system of weeds and crops in strawberry and pea fields for a precision agriculture sprayer	65
Acceptance of artificial intelligence in German agriculture: an application of the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior	64
Status quo of adoption of precision agriculture enabling technologies in Swiss plant production	61
Intelligent robots for fruit harvesting: recent developments and future challenges	60
Automated crop plant counting from very high-resolution aerial imagery	58
UAV-based multi-sensor data fusion and machine learning algorithm for yield prediction in wheat	56
Vineyard yield estimation by combining remote sensing, computer vision and artificial neural network techniques	52
Orchard management with small unmanned aerial vehicles: a survey of sensing and analysis approaches	52
Understanding the adoption of smartphone apps in crop protection	50
Deep neural networks for grape bunch segmentation in natural images from a consumer-grade camera	40
Brown rice planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) detection based on deep learning	40
Semantic segmentation of citrus-orchard using deep neural networks and multispectral UAV-based imagery	36
The adoption of drones in German agriculture: a structural equation model	36
Spatial variability of crop responses to agronomic inputs in on-farm precision experimentation	35
Optimization strategies of fruit detection to overcome the challenge of unstructured background in field orchard environment: a review	35
Field assessment of a pulse width modulation (PWM) spray system applying different spray volumes: duty cycle and forward speed effects on vines spray coverage	34
Optimizing precision irrigation of a vineyard to improve water use efficiency and profitability by using a decision-oriented vine water consumption model	33
Drivers and challenges of precision agriculture: a social media perspective	33
Precision agriculture technology adoption: a qualitative study of small-scale commercial “family farms” located in the North China Plain	32
Fusion of the YOLOv4 network model and visual attention mechanism to detect low-quality young apples in a complex environment	30
A hybrid representation of the environment to improve autonomous navigation of mobile robots in agriculture	30

Hyperspectral assessment of leaf nitrogen accumulation for winter wheat using different regression modeling	30
Real-time detection of rice phenology through convolutional neural network using handheld camera images	30
Suitability of satellite remote sensing data for yield estimation in northeast Germany	29
An improved approach to estimate ratoon rice aboveground biomass by integrating UAV-based spectral, textural and structural features	28
A review of methods to evaluate crop model performance at multiple and changing spatial scales	28
Biophysical parameters of coffee crop estimated by UAV RGB images	28
How can precision farming work on a small scale? A systematic literature review	27
Phenotyping a diversity panel of quinoa using UAV-retrieved leaf area index, SPAD-based chlorophyll and a random forest approach	27
An accurate method for predicting spatial variability of maize yield from UAV-based plant height estimation: a tool for monitoring agronomic field experiments	25
RS-Net: robust segmentation of green overlapped apples	25
Comparison of precision and conventional irrigation management of cotton and impact of soil texture	24
Citrus fruits maturity detection in natural environments based on convolutional neural networks and visual saliency map	24
Vegetation indices and NIR-SWIR spectral bands as a phenotyping tool for water status determination in soybean	24
A meta-analysis of factors driving the adoption of precision agriculture	23
Pineapple (Ananas comosus) fruit detection and localization in natural environment based on binocular stereo vision and improved YOLOv3 model	23
Optimization of multi-source UAV RS agro-monitoring schemes designed for field-scale crop phenotyping	22
Guidelines for precise lime management based on high-resolution soil pH, texture and SOM maps generated from proximal soil sensing data	22
Determinants of adoption and adoption intensity of precision agriculture technologies: evidence from South Dakota	22
Adoption of digital technologies in agriculture—an inventory in a european small-scale farming region	21
Application of spatio-temporal data in site-specific maize yield prediction with machine learning methods	20
Forage yield and quality estimation by means of UAV and hyperspectral imaging	20
Predicting leaf nitrogen content in olive trees using hyperspectral data for precision agriculture	20
The challenge of reproducing remote sensing data from satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the context of management zones and precision agriculture	20
Estimation of tea leaf blight severity in natural scene images	20
A template-free machine vision-based crop row detection algorithm	20
Site‐specific nitrogen balances based on spatially variable soil and plant properties	20
Soil apparent electrical conductivity and must carbon isotope ratio provide indication of plant water status in wine grape vineyards	19
In-season variable rate nitrogen recommendation for wheat precision production supported by fixed-wing UAV imagery	19
Accuracy of carrot yield forecasting using proximal hyperspectral and satellite multispectral data	18
Economics of autonomous equipment for arable farms	18
Comparing methods to estimate perennial ryegrass biomass: canopy height and spectral vegetation indices	17
Reference architecture design for farm management information systems: a multi-case study approach	17
Coupling proximal sensing, seasonal forecasts and crop modelling to optimize nitrogen variable rate application in durum wheat	17
The adoption of precision agriculture enabling technologies in Swiss outdoor vegetable production: a Delphi study	17
Estimation of rice plant potassium accumulation based on non-negative matrix factorization using hyperspectral reflectance	17
Field evaluations of a deep learning-based intelligent spraying robot with flow control for pear orchards	16
Optimization of the factors affecting droplet deposition in rice fields by rotary unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)	16
Consumer-grade UAV utilized for detecting and analyzing late-season weed spatial distribution patterns in commercial onion fields	16
Evaluation of the precision of the rising plate meter for measuring compressed sward height on heterogeneous grassland swards	16
Estimating maize seedling number with UAV RGB images and advanced image processing methods	16
Precision agriculture research in sub-Saharan Africa countries: a systematic map	15
Estimation of soil classes and their relationship to grapevine vigor in a Bordeaux vineyard: advancing the practical joint use of electromagnetic induction (EMI) and NDVI datasets for precision viticu	15
Determining leaf nutrient concentrations in citrus trees using UAV imagery and machine learning	15
Determining nitrogen deficiencies for maize using various remote sensing indices	15
Report from the conference, ‘identifying obstacles to applying big data in agriculture’	15
German farmers’ intention to use autonomous field robots: a PLS-analysis	15
Estimation of nitrogen status of paddy rice at vegetative phase using unmanned aerial vehicle based multispectral imagery	15
Object-level classification of vegetable crops in 3D LiDAR point cloud using deep learning convolutional neural networks	15
A new color index for vegetation segmentation and classification	14
Within‐farm wheat yield forecasting incorporating off‐farm information	14

Efficient tomato harvesting robot based on image processing and deep learning	14
A fast and robust method for plant count in sunflower and maize at different seedling stages using high-resolution UAV RGB imagery	14
Evaluating the navigation performance of multi-information integration based on low-end inertial sensors for precision agriculture	14
A comparison between spatial clustering models for determining N-fertilization management zones in orchards	14
Clustered tomato detection and picking point location using machine learning-aided image analysis for automatic robotic harvesting	14
Yield sensing technologies for perennial and annual horticultural crops: a review	14
Ground speed and planter downforce influence on corn seed spacing and depth	14
Semi-supervised deep learning and low-cost cameras for the semantic segmentation of natural images in viticulture	14
Statistical and machine learning methods for crop yield prediction in the context of precision agriculture	14
Plant disease detection using drones in precision agriculture	13
Effects of intra-vineyard variability and soil heterogeneity on vine performance, dry matter and nutrient partitioning	13
Quantifying effect of tassels on near-ground maize canopy RGB images using deep learning segmentation algorithm	13
Estimation of the vertically integrated leaf nitrogen content in maize using canopy hyperspectral red edge parameters	12
Effects of spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions on the estimation of wheat and barley leaf area index using multi- and hyper-spectral data (case study: Karaj, Iran)	12
A domain-specific language framework for farm management information systems in precision agriculture	12
Flying over the farm: understanding drone adoption by Australian irrigators	12
Coffee ripeness monitoring using a UAV-mounted low-cost multispectral camera	12
Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network for irrigation management: a case study from Southern Alabama, USA	12
Soil mapping for precision agriculture using support vector machines combined with inverse distance weighting	12
Detection of Colchicum autumnale in drone images, using a machine-learning approach	12
Supporting operational site‐specific fertilization in rice cropping systems with infield smartphone measurements and Sentinel-2 observations	12
Impact of in-field soil heterogeneity on biomass and yield of winter triticale in an intensively cropped hummocky landscape under temperate climate conditions	12
Faba bean above-ground biomass and bean yield estimation based on consumer-grade unmanned aerial vehicle RGB images and ensemble learning	11
Medium-resolution multispectral satellite imagery in precision agriculture: mapping precision canola (Brassica napus L.) yield using Sentinel-2 time series	11
Determining leaf stomatal properties in citrus trees utilizing machine vision and artificial intelligence	11
Estimation of canopy nitrogen content in winter wheat from Sentinel-2 images for operational agricultural monitoring	11
Using UAV-based hyperspectral imaging and functional regression to assist in predicting grain yield and related traits in wheat under heat-related stress environments for the purpose of stable yieldin	11
Automatic monitoring of flying vegetable insect pests using an RGB camera and YOLO-SIP detector	11
Leaf area index estimations by deep learning models using RGB images and data fusion in maize	11
Multi-temporal yield pattern analysis method for deriving yield zones in crop production systems	11
Evaluation of weed impact on wheat biomass by combining visible imagery with a plant growth model: towards new non-destructive indicators for weed competition	10
Features and applications of a field imaging chlorophyll fluorometer to measure stress in agricultural plants	10
Deep convolutional neural networks for estimating maize above-ground biomass using multi-source UAV images: a comparison with traditional machine learning algorithms	10
The effect of growth stage and plant counting accuracy of maize inbred lines on LAI and biomass prediction	10
Sensitivity of soil electromagnetic induction measurements to salinity, water content, clay, organic matter and bulk density	10
Prediction of soil nutrient content via pXRF spectrometry and its spatial variation in a highly variable tropical area	10
Multi-sensors data fusion approach for site-specific seeding of consumption and seed potato production	10
Precision land leveling for sustainable rice production: case studies in Cambodia, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, and India	10
Economic potential of rice precision farming in malaysia: the case study of Felcra Seberang Perak	10
Strategies for monitoring within-field soybean yield using Sentinel-2 Vis-NIR-SWIR spectral bands and machine learning regression methods	10
Methodology for selective coffee harvesting in management zones of yield and maturation	9
Processing of remote sensing information to retrieve leaf area index in barley: a comparison of methods	9
High-resolution satellite image to predict peanut maturity variability in commercial fields	9
Utilising grassland management and climate data for more accurate prediction of herbage mass using the rising plate meter	9
Combining leaf fluorescence and active canopy reflectance sensing technologies to diagnose maize nitrogen status across growth stages	9
Improving soil property maps for precision agriculture in the presence of outliers using covariates	9
Estimating litchi flower number using a multicolumn convolutional neural network based on a density map	9
Early yield prediction in different grapevine varieties using computer vision and machine learning	9
An assessment of multi-view spectral information from UAV-based color-infrared images for improved estimation of nitrogen nutrition status in winter wheat	9
Combining target sampling with within field route-optimization to optimise on field yield estimation in viticulture	9
Quantification of dwarfing effect of different rootstocks in ‘Picual’ olive cultivar using UAV-photogrammetry	8
Unmanned aerial vehicle to evaluate frost damage in coffee plants	8
Detecting the attack of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in cotton plants with machine learning and spectral measurements	8
Does drone remote sensing accurately estimate soil pH in a spring wheat field in southwest Montana?	8
Upscaling proximal sensor N-uptake predictions in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with Sentinel-2 satellite data for use in a decision support system	8
Direct prediction of site-specific lime requirement of arable fields using the base neutralizing capacity and a multi-sensor platform for on-the-go soil mapping	8
Geographically weighted regression estimation of the linear response and plateau function	8
Normalization of the crop water stress index to assess the within-field spatial variability of water stress sensitivity	8
Correlating the field water balance derived crop coefficient (Kc) and canopy reflectance-based NDVI for irrigated sugarcane	8
Assessment of design and analysis frameworks for on-farm experimentation through a simulation study of wheat yield in Japan	7
Spatiotemporal normalized ratio methodology to evaluate the impact of field-scale variable rate application	7
Selecting the proper material for a grain loss sensor based on DEM simulation and structure optimization to improve monitoring ability	7
Economic potential of site-specific pesticide application scenarios with direct injection and automatic application assistant in northern Germany	7
Spatial estimation methods for mapping corn silage and grain yield monitor data	7
Delineating soil nutrient management zones based on optimal sampling interval in medium- and small-scale intensive farming systems	7
Predicting the growth of lettuce from soil infrared reflectance spectra: the potential for crop management	7
Variable-rate seeding in soybean according to soil attributes related to grain yield	7
Small-target weed-detection model based on YOLO-V4 with improved backbone and neck structures	7
Multi-temporal analysis of terrestrial laser scanning data to detect basal stem rot in oil palm trees	7
Potential of laboratory hyperspectral data for in-field detection of Phytophthora infestans on potato	7
ApeX-Vigne: experiences in monitoring vine water status from within-field to regional scales using crowdsourcing data from a free mobile phone application	7
Application of a low-cost RGB sensor to detect basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) nutritional status at pilot scale level	7
Spectral light-reflection data dimensionality reduction for timely detection of yellow rust	7
Design considerations of variable rate liquid fertilizer applicator for mature oil palm trees	7
European stakeholders’ perspectives on implementation potential of precision weed control: the case of autonomous vehicles with laser treatment	7
Improved piezoelectric grain cleaning loss sensor based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system	7
Assessing performance of empirical models for forecasting crop responses to variable fertilizer rates using on-farm precision experimentation	7
Using deep learning for pruning region detection and plant organ segmentation in dormant spur-pruned grapevines	7
Twenty-two years of precision agriculture: a bibliometric review	6
Spatial patchiness and association of pests and natural enemies in agro-ecosystems and their application in precision pest management: a review	6

Surface reflectance calculation and predictive models of biophysical parameters of maize crop from RG-NIR sensor on board a UAV	6
Identification of main factors affecting the within-field spatial variability of grapevine phenology and total soluble solids accumulation: towards the vineyard zoning using auxiliary information	6
Red-green-blue to normalized difference vegetation index translation: a robust and inexpensive approach for vegetation monitoring using machine vision and generative adversarial networks	6
Computational end-to-end and super-resolution methods to improve thermal infrared remote sensing for agriculture	6
A loss function to evaluate agricultural decision-making under uncertainty: a case study of soil spectroscopy	6
Taking into account change of support when merging heterogeneous spatial data for field partition	6
A novel plant disease prediction model based on thermal images using modified deep convolutional neural network	6
Investigation of the similarities between NDVI maps from different proximal and remote sensing platforms in explaining vineyard variability	6
Application of visible near-infrared absorbance spectroscopy for the determination of Soil pH and liming requirements for broad-acre agriculture	6
Potential challenges to precision agriculture technologies development in Ghana: scientists’ and cocoa extension agents’ perspectives	6
A novel sampling design considering the local heterogeneity of soil for farm field-level mapping with multiple soil properties	6
Imaging the electrical conductivity of the soil profile and its relationships to soil water patterns and drainage characteristics	6
Use of remote sensing-derived fPAR data in a grapevine simulation model for estimating vine biomass accumulation and yield variability at sub-field level	6
Applying colour-based feature extraction and transfer learning to develop a high throughput inference system for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) stems with images from unmanned aerial vehicles after can	6
On-farm evaluation of planter downforce in varying soil textures within grower fields	5
Hyperspectral imaging predicts yield and nitrogen content in grass–legume polycultures	5
A comparison of precision and conventional irrigation in corn production in Southeast Alabama	5
Satellite multispectral indices to estimate canopy parameters and within-field management zones in super-intensive almond orchards	5
Understanding the farm data lifecycle: collection, use, and impact of farm data on U.S. commercial corn and soybean farms	5
Use of fluorescence indices as predictors of crop N status and yield for greenhouse sweet pepper crops	5
Development and performance tests of an on-the-go detector of soil total nitrogen concentration based on near-infrared spectroscopy	5
Improved estimation of herbaceous crop aboveground biomass using UAV-derived crop height combined with vegetation indices	5
A new method based on machine learning to forecast fruit yield using spectrometric data: analysis in a fruit supply chain context	5
Subfield crop yields and temporal stability in thousands of US Midwest fields	5
Segmentation and motion parameter estimation for robotic Medjoul-date thinning	5
Who is responsible for ‘responsible AI’?: Navigating challenges to build trust in AI agriculture and food system technology	5
Evaluating unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) imagery as an alternative tool towards cotton-based management zones	5
Correlation of UAV and satellite-derived vegetation indices with cotton physiological parameters and their use as a tool for scheduling variable rate irrigation in cotton	5
Bayesian optimal dynamic sampling procedures for on-farm field experimentation	5
Vegetation indices as a Tool for Mapping Sugarcane Management Zones	5
Precisely forecasting population dynamics of agricultural pests based on an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system: case study for oriental fruit flies and the tobacco cutworms	5
Spatial variability of soil properties, nitrogen balance and nitrate leaching using digital methods on heterogeneous arable fields in southern Germany	5
Remote estimation of leaf water concentration in winter wheat under different nitrogen treatments and plant growth stages	4
Recalibrating plant water status of winter wheat based on nitrogen nutrition index using thermal images	4
Implementing variable-rate herbicide applications based on soil physical properties in grain sorghum	4
Deep-learning-based counting methods, datasets, and applications in agriculture: a review	4
Developing an efficiency and energy-saving nitrogen management strategy for winter wheat based on the UAV multispectral imagery and machine learning algorithm	4
Forecasting seasonal plot-specific crop coefficient (Kc) protocol for processing tomato using remote sensing, meteorology, and artificial intelligence	4
Spatial patterns of magnetic susceptibility optimized by anisotropic correction in different Alisols in southern Amazonas, Brazil	4
Grape leaf disease identification with sparse data via generative adversarial networks and convolutional neural networks	4
An economic evaluation of site-specific input application Rx maps: evaluation framework and case study	4
Soil-moisture-index spectrum reconstruction improves partial least squares regression of spectral analysis of soil organic carbon	4
Recognition of sunflower growth period based on deep learning from UAV remote sensing images	4
Three-dimensional location methods for the vision system of strawberry-harvesting robots: development and comparison	4
Optimal vision-based guidance row locating for autonomous agricultural machines	4
Impact of soil types on sugarcane development monitored over time by remote sensing	4
Economics of field size and shape for autonomous crop machines	4
LAI estimation through remotely sensed NDVI following hail defoliation in maize (Zea mays L.) using Sentinel-2 and UAV imagery	4
Correction to: Automation in Agriculture by Machine and Deep Learning Techniques: A Review of Recent Developments	4
Early/late fusion structures with optimized feature selection for weed detection using visible and thermal images of paddy fields	4
Deep learning techniques for in-crop weed recognition in large-scale grain production systems: a review	4
A 3D white referencing method for soybean leaves based on fusion of hyperspectral images and 3D point clouds	4
Development of a smartphone-based peanut data logging system	4
Georeferenced tractor wheel slip data for prediction of spatial variability in soil physical properties	4
A novel approach for analysing environmental sustainability aspects of combine harvester through telematics data. Part I: evaluation and analysis of field tests	4