Virtual Reality

Article	Citations
Immersive Virtual Reality in K-12 and Higher Education: A systematic review of the last decade scientific literature	179
Cybersickness in current-generation virtual reality head-mounted displays: systematic review and outlook	153
Virtual reality consumer experience escapes: preparing for the metaverse	136
Using virtual reality for dynamic learning: an extended technology acceptance model	96
A review of the evidence for training effectiveness with virtual reality technology	92
Cyber sickness in low-immersive, semi-immersive, and fully immersive virtual reality	88
Could virtual reality applications pose real risks to children and adolescents? A systematic review of ethical issues and concerns	73
Virtual, mixed, and augmented reality: a systematic review for immersive systems research	70
A review of cybersickness in head-mounted displays: raising attention to individual susceptibility	65
A narrative review of immersive virtual reality’s ergonomics and risks at the workplace: cybersickness, visual fatigue, muscular fatigue, acute stress, and mental overload	64
A meta-analysis of the virtual reality problem: Unequal effects of virtual reality sickness across individual differences	57
Quantifying VR cybersickness using EEG	50
Nature in virtual reality improves mood and reduces stress: evidence from young adults and senior citizens	46
Eye Tracking in Virtual Reality: a Broad Review of Applications and Challenges	46
Immersive virtual-reality computer-assembly serious game to enhance autonomous learning	45
Digital shinrin-yoku: do nature experiences in virtual reality reduce stress and increase well-being as strongly as similar experiences in a physical forest?	44
Effect of immersive visualization technologies on cognitive load, motivation, usability, and embodiment	43
Fear and loathing in VR: the emotional and physiological effects of immersive games	41
Immersive virtual reality as physical therapy in older adults: present or future (systematic review)	40
Visualization in virtual reality: a systematic review	37
A mobile VR-based respiratory biofeedback game to foster diaphragmatic breathing	35
Task-specific virtual reality training on hemiparetic upper extremity in patients with stroke	35
Acceptance of dance training system based on augmented reality and technology acceptance model (TAM)	33
Enhancing stroke assessment simulation experience in clinical training using augmented reality	32
Exposure to virtual nature: the impact of different immersion levels on skin conductance level, heart rate, and perceived relaxation	31

A framework for constructing and evaluating the role of MR as a holographic virtual guide in museums	31
Virtual reality exergame for supplementing multimodal pain therapy in older adults with chronic back pain: a randomized controlled pilot study	30
Exploring the effect of an augmented reality literacy programme for reading and spelling difficulties for children diagnosed with ADHD	28
Conceptualising touch in VR	27
Exploring sensorimotor performance and user experience within a virtual reality golf putting simulator	26
Three-dimensional modeled environments versus 360 degree panoramas for mobile virtual reality training	26
Inclusive Immersion: a review of efforts to improve accessibility in virtual reality, augmented reality and the metaverse	25
Performance enhancement of facial electromyogram-based facial-expression recognition for social virtual reality applications using linear discriminant analysis adaptation	24
Marketing in the metaverse era: toward an integrative channel approach	24
Reductions in sickness with repeated exposure to HMD-based virtual reality appear to be game-specific	23
Immersive training of first responder squad leaders in untethered virtual reality	23
Comparing augmented reality visualization methods for assembly procedures	22
The effectiveness of a virtual reality attention task to predict depression and anxiety in comparison with current clinical measures	22
Evaluation of the impact of different levels of self-representation and body tracking on the sense of presence and embodiment in immersive VR	22
Virtual reality applied to physiotherapy: a review of current knowledge	21
Focusing on cybersickness: pervasiveness, latent trajectories, susceptibility, and effects on the virtual reality experience	21
Comparison of spatial orientation skill between real and virtual environment	21
Virtual reality as a communication medium: a comparative study of forced compliance in virtual reality versus physical world	21
Training in virtual reality enables learning of a complex sports movement	21
Teleguidance-based remote navigation assistance for visually impaired and blind people—usability and user experience	21
Virtual reality for the assessment and rehabilitation of neglect: where are we now? A 6-year review update	21
Exploring structural relations among computer self-efficacy, perceived immersion, and intention to use virtual reality training systems	21
Immersive virtual reality for upper limb rehabilitation: comparing hand and controller interaction	21
A scoping review of the educational uses of 6DoF HMDs	20
Assessment of consumer VR-headsets’ objective and subjective field of view (FoV) and its feasibility for visual field testing	20
A framework for fidelity evaluation of immersive virtual reality systems	20
A social VR-based collaborative exergame for rehabilitation: codesign, development and user study	20
Automatic detection and classification of emotional states in virtual reality and standard environments (LCD): comparing valence and arousal of induced emotions	19
Exploiting fashion x-commerce through the empowerment of voice in the fashion virtual reality arena	19
Social viewing in cinematic virtual reality: a design space for social movie applications	19
A virtual classroom can elicit teachers’ speech characteristics: evidence from acoustic measurements during in vivo and in virtuo lessons, compared to a free speech control situation	19
Buddy biking: a user study on social collaboration in a virtual reality exergame for rehabilitation	19
Extended reality technologies in small and medium-sized European industrial companies: level of awareness, diffusion and enablers of adoption	18
MagicChem: a MR system based on needs theory for chemical experiments	18
Ellic’s Exercise Class: promoting physical activities during exergaming with immersive virtual reality	18
Evaluating the effectiveness of virtual reality for safety-relevant training: a systematic review	18
Immersive virtual reality as an empirical research tool: exploring the capability of a machine learning model for predicting construction workers’ safety behaviour	17
Eye movements to absent objects during mental imagery and visual memory in immersive virtual reality	17
The potential of immersive virtual reality for representations in design education	17
“Passive or interactive virtual reality? The effectiveness for pain and anxiety reduction in pediatric patients”	17
Immersive virtual reality for improving cognitive deficits in children with ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis	17
Assessing the learning and transfer of gaze behaviours in immersive virtual reality	17
Quantitative evaluation of visual guidance effects for 360-degree directions	17
Cost–benefit analysis of virtual reality-based training for emergency rescue workers: a socio-technical systems approach	17
A comprehensive method to design and assess mixed reality simulations	16
Comparison of the effect of 360° versus two-dimensional virtual reality video on history taking and physical examination skills learning among undergraduate medical students: a randomized controlled t	16
Influence of navigation parameters on cybersickness in virtual reality	16
Memory for a virtual reality experience in children and adults according to image quality, emotion, and sense of presence	16
Spatial and attentional aftereffects of virtual reality and relations to cybersickness	16
Towards socialVR: evaluating a novel technology for watching videos together	16

Immersive and desktop virtual reality in virtual fashion stores: a comparison between shopping experiences	16
The effects of touchless interaction on usability and sense of presence in a virtual environment	16
A use case study comparing augmented reality (AR) and electronic document-based maintenance instructions considering tasks complexity and operator competency level	15
Acceptance and use of virtual reality games: an extension of HMSAM	15
Museum beyond physical walls: an exploration of virtual reality-enhanced experience in an exhibition-like space	15
The influence of personality, sound, and content difficulty on virtual reality sickness	15
Contributions of pictorial and binocular cues to the perception of distance in virtual reality	15
The role of digital literacy in augmented, virtual, and mixed reality in popular science education: a review study and an educational framework development	15
Perceived usefulness of, engagement with, and effectiveness of virtual reality environments in learning industrial operations: the moderating role of openness to experience	15
Concert experiences in virtual reality environments	14
Augmented reality instructions for construction toys enabled by accurate model registration and realistic object/hand occlusions	14
Evaluation of the Oculus Rift S tracking system in room scale virtual reality	14
BeHere: a VR/SAR remote collaboration system based on virtual replicas sharing gesture and avatar in a procedural task	14
Cognitive load in immersive media settings: the role of spatial presence and cybersickness	14
Evaluation of the novelty effect in immersive Virtual Reality learning experiences	13
Usability, user experience and mental workload in a mobile Augmented Reality application for digital storytelling in cultural heritage	13
Immersive machine learning for social attitude detection in virtual reality narrative games	13
The relationships between the exploration of virtual space, its presence and entertainment in virtual reality, 360º and 2D	12
Educational UTAUT-based virtual reality acceptance scale: a validity and reliability study	12
Learner experience and evidence of cybersickness: design tensions in a virtual reality public transportation intervention for autistic adults	12
The virtualization of human–robot interactions: a user-centric workload assessment	12
Brain activity during cybersickness: a scoping review	12
The benchmark framework and exploratory study to investigate the feasibility of 360-degree video-based virtual reality to induce a full body illusion	12
Promoting eco-driving behavior through multisensory stimulation: a preliminary study on the use of visual and haptic feedback in a virtual reality driving simulator	12
Virtual body representation for rehabilitation influences on motor performance of cerebral palsy children	12
Intelligence augmentation: rethinking the future of work by leveraging human performance and abilities	12
Immersive virtual reality and passive haptic interfaces to improve procedural learning in a formal training course for first responders	11
Towards estimating affective states in Virtual Reality based on behavioral data	11
ViewfinderVR: configurable viewfinder for selection of distant objects in VR	11
Investigating the effectiveness of immersive VR skill training and its link to physiological arousal	11
Trick the body trick the mind: avatar representation affects the perception of available action possibilities in virtual reality	11
Machine learning classification analysis for an adaptive virtual reality Stroop task	11
Predicting motor behavior: an efficient EEG signal processing pipeline to detect brain states with potential therapeutic relevance for VR-based neurorehabilitation	10
Investigation of spatial ability test completion times in virtual reality using a desktop display and the Gear VR	10
The ObReco-360°: a new ecological tool to memory assessment using 360° immersive technology	10
Designing effective virtual reality environments for pain management in burn-injured patients	10
Multimodal markers for technology-independent integration of augmented reality devices and surgical navigation systems	10
Drivers of immersive virtual reality adoption intention: a multi-group analysis in chemical industry settings	10
Evaluation of visual-induced motion sickness from head-mounted display using heartbeat evoked potential: a cognitive load-focused approach	10
Kinematics of aimed movements in ecological immersive virtual reality: a comparative study with real world	10
Harmonize: a shared environment for extended immersive entertainment	10
Fooling the size–weight illusion—Using augmented reality to eliminate the effect of size on perceptions of heaviness and sensorimotor prediction	10
Real-time camera-based eye gaze tracking using convolutional neural network: a case study on social media website	10
The effect of reducing distraction on the flow-performance link in virtual experiential learning environment	9
Participatory design and evaluation of virtual reality physical rehabilitation for people living with dementia	9
The sentiment of a virtual rock concert	9
The effects of spatial configuration on relative translation gain thresholds in redirected walking	9
Home-based immersive virtual reality physical rehabilitation in paediatric patients for upper limb motor impairment: a feasibility study	9
Enhancing mirror therapy via scaling and shared control: a novel open-source virtual reality platform for stroke rehabilitation	9
Surgical navigation system for brachytherapy based on mixed reality using a novel stereo registration method	9
Satisfied or not: user experience of mobile augmented reality in using natural language processing techniques on review comments	9
Rehabilitation of visual functions in adult amblyopic patients with a virtual reality videogame: a case series	9
Robustness and static-positional accuracy of the SteamVR 1.0 virtual reality tracking system	9
Using interpretative phenomenological analysis to gain a qualitative understanding of presence in virtual reality	9
Immersive virtual reality as support for the mental health of elderly women: a randomized controlled trial	9
Move your virtual body: differences and similarities in brain activation patterns during hand movements in real world and virtual reality	9
Short- and long-term learning of job interview with a serious game in virtual reality: influence of eyestrain, stereoscopy, and apparatus	9
Differences in virtual and physical head orientation predict sickness during active head-mounted display-based virtual reality	9
A scoping review of the use of lab streaming layer framework in virtual and augmented reality research	9
The effect of narrative element incorporation on physical activity and game experience in active and sedentary virtual reality games	9
The assessment of virtual reality training in antromastoidectomy simulation	9
Implementation of escape room system based on augmented reality involving deep convolutional neural network	9
Soundspace VR: spatial navigation using sound in virtual reality	8
Predicting user visual attention in virtual reality with a deep learning model	8
Assessment of prospective memory after stroke utilizing virtual reality	8
Using an immersive virtual reality bicycle simulator to evaluate hazard detection and anticipation of overt and covert traffic situations in young bicyclists	8
Processing presence: how users develop spatial presence through an immersive virtual reality game	8
Evaluation of a VR prototype for neuropsychological rehabilitation of attentional functions	8
Is social presence (alone) a general predictor for good remote collaboration? comparing video and augmented reality guidance in maintenance procedures	8
Mixed reality system for nondestructive evaluation training	8
Cheer for me: effect of non-player character audience feedback on older adult users of virtual reality exergames	8
A method for evaluating the learning concentration in head-mounted virtual reality interaction	8
A virtual reality platform to simulate orientation and mobility training for the visually impaired	8
Aesthetic judgments of 3D arts in virtual reality and online settings	8
Mild simulator sickness can alter heart rate variability, mental workload, and learning outcomes in a 360° virtual reality application for medical education: a post hoc analysis of a randomized contro	8
A haptic-feedback virtual reality system to improve the Box and Block Test (BBT) for upper extremity motor function assessment	8
Democratizing AI in biomedical image classification using virtual reality	8
Efficacy of adaptive cognitive training through desktop virtual reality and paper-and-pencil in the treatment of mental and behavioral disorders	8
Exploring colour in context using Virtual Reality: Does a room change how you feel?	7
Improving real-world skills in people with intellectual disabilities: an immersive virtual reality intervention	7

A VR-based volumetric medical image segmentation and visualization system with natural human interaction	7
The temporal pattern of VR sickness during 7.5-h virtual immersion	7
NapWell: An EOG-based Sleep Assistant Exploring the Effects of Virtual Reality on Sleep Onset	7
An evaluation of a virtual atlas of portion sizes (VAPS) mobile augmented reality for portion size estimation	7
Deep-learning-based real-time silent speech recognition using facial electromyogram recorded around eyes for hands-free interfacing in a virtual reality environment	7
The application of markerless motion capture (MMC) technology in rehabilitation programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis	7
Toward the validation of VR-HMDs for medical education: a systematic literature review	7
The efficiency of visually guided movement in real and virtual space	7
Haptic/virtual reality orthopedic surgical simulators: a literature review	7
A novel virtual reality simulation training system with haptic feedback for improving lateral ventricle puncture skill	7
Immersive audio-visual scene reproduction using semantic scene reconstruction from 360 cameras	7
Arousing a wide range of emotions within educational virtual reality simulation about major depressive disorder affects knowledge retention	7
Mixed reality or LEGO game play? Fostering social interaction in children with Autism	7
An interactive extended reality-based tutorial system for fundamental manual metal arc welding training	7
PE-DLS: a novel method for performing real-time full-body motion reconstruction in VR based on Vive trackers	7
Virtual fieldwork on a ship’s bridge: virtual reality-reconstructed operation scenarios as contextual substitutes for fieldwork in design education	7
Using virtual reality for professional training practices: exploring the factors of applying stereoscopic 3D technologies in knowledge transfer	7
Fatigue-aware videogame using biocybernetic adaptation: a pilot study for upper-limb rehabilitation with sEMG	7
Comparative evaluation of WIMP and immersive natural finger interaction: a user study on CAD assembly modeling	7
Incorporating AR/VR-assisted learning into informal science institutions: A systematic review	6
Effects of display lag on vection and presence in the Oculus Rift HMD	6
Playing your pain away: designing a virtual reality physical therapy for children with upper limb motor impairment	6
Analysis of translation gains in virtual reality: the limits of space manipulation	6
Improvement of robustness against electrode shift for facial electromyogram-based facial expression recognition using domain adaptation in VR-based metaverse applications	6
HapMotion: motion-to-tactile framework with wearable haptic devices for immersive VR performance experience	6
A cognitive model for emotional regulation in virtual reality exposure	6
CAVE and HMD: distance perception comparative study	6
The impact of misaligned idiotropic and visual axes on spatial ability under altered visuospatial conditions	6
Spatial transition management for improving outdoor cinematic augmented reality experience of the TV show	6
A virtual reality bus ride as an ecologically valid assessment of balance: a feasibility study	6
An authoring tool for democratizing the creation of high-quality VR experiences	6
Taking real steps in virtual nature: a randomized blinded trial	6
Leading presence-based strategies to manipulate user experience in virtual reality environments	6
The study of virtual reality influence on the process of professional training of miners	5
Reducing cybersickness by implementing texture blur in the virtual reality content	5
Identifying physiological correlates of cybersickness using heartbeat-evoked potential analysis	5
Hyper-reoriented walking in minimal space	5
Contextual priming to increase the sense of presence in virtual reality: exploratory study	5
Using virtual environments to facilitate refugee integration in third countries	5
To social with social distance: a case study on a VR-enabled graduation celebration amidst the pandemic	5
Effects of first- and third-person perspectives created using a head-mounted display on dart-throwing accuracy	5
VR-based fire evacuation in underground rail station considering staff’s behaviors: model, system development and experiment	5
Can you hear it? Stereo sound-assisted guidance in augmented reality assembly	5
An innovative mixed reality approach for maxillofacial osteotomies and repositioning	5
Psychological predictors of consumer-level virtual reality technology adoption and usage	5
Walking-in-place for omnidirectional VR locomotion using a single RGB camera	5
Accuracy study of the Oculus Touch v2 versus inertial sensor for a single-axis rotation simulating the elbow’s range of motion	5
Validity of primary driving tasks in head-mounted display-based driving simulators	5
A preliminary investigation into the efficacy of training soccer heading in immersive virtual reality	5
Body ownership illusion through virtual reality as modulator variable for limbs rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review	5
A user experience analysis for a mobile Mixed Reality application for cultural heritage	5
The influence of attentional engagement and spatial characteristics on time perception in virtual reality	5
Design and calibration of curved and see-through integral imaging 3D display	4
A novel low cybersickness dynamic rotation gain enhancer based on spatial position and orientation in virtual environments	4
The affordances of clinical simulation immersive technology within healthcare education: a scoping review	4
Quantitative measures of the visually evoked sensation of body movement in space (Vection) using Electrovestibulography (EVestG)	4
Moving from VR into AR using bio-cybernetic loops and physiological sensory devices for intervention on anxiety disorders	4
Rendering massive indoor point clouds in virtual reality	4
Effects of coordinate system and position of AR notification while walking	4
Examining the impact of VR and MR on future teachers' creativity performance and influencing factors by scene expansion in instruction designs	4
Lightweight real-time hand segmentation leveraging MediaPipe landmark detection	4
SAPIENS in XR: operationalizing interaction-attention in extended reality	4
Learning game innovations in immersive game environments: a factor analytic study of students’ learning inventory in virtual reality	4
Recognizing shopper demographics from behavioral responses in a virtual reality store	4
The effect of wearing a head-mounted display on the boundaries of the cervical range of motion based on perceived comfort in a static posture	4
Exploring the design space of eyes-free target acquisition in virtual environments	4
Intelligence at play: game-based assessment using a virtual-reality application	4
Dropout rate in randomised controlled trials of balance and gait rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis: is it expected to be different for virtual reality-based interventions? A systematic review with	4
Design principles for social exchange in social virtual reality-enabled virtual teams	4
Planar fiducial markers: a comparative study	4
cleAR: an interoperable architecture for multi-user AR-based school curricula	4
Fitted avatars: automatic skeleton adjustment for self-avatars in virtual reality	4
A micro-expression recognition algorithm based on feature enhancement and attention mechanisms	4
Preliminary results of the impact of 3D-visualization resources in the area of graphic expression on the motivation of university students	4
Sensorimotor adaptation in VR: magnitude and persistence of the aftereffect increase with the number of interactions	4
Optimized virtual reality-based Method of Loci memorization techniques through increased immersion and effective memory palace designs: a feasibility study	4
Visual aspect-oriented modeling of explorable extended reality environments	4
A simulator for both manual and powered wheelchairs in immersive virtual reality CAVE	4
Using 360-degree immersive videos to assess multiple transdiagnostic symptoms: A study focusing on fear of negative evaluation, paranoid thoughts, negative automatic thoughts, and craving	4
Exploring the future building: representational effects on projecting oneself into the future office space	4
Designing for collaborative learning in immersive virtual reality: a systematic literature review	4
Development of educational virtual reality attitude scale: A validity and reliability study	4
Development of a customizable interactions questionnaire (CIQ) for evaluating interactions with objects in augmented/virtual reality	4
User experiences of medical students with 360-degree virtual reality applications to prepare them for the clerkships	4