Democratization

Article	Citations
Dictatorship and information: authoritarian regime resilience in communist Europe and China	98
The authoritarian international. Tracing how authoritarian regimes learn in the post-soviet space	55
Power and progress: our thousand-year struggle over technology and prosperity	52
Shade-grown authoritarianism? Revisiting coffee as a curse in Latin America and the Caribbean	47
The European Parliament’s democracy promotion activities in the face of autocratization in South America: the cases of Bolivia and Venezuela	41
Political voice: protest, democracy, and marginalised groups	32
Election observation at a crossroads: perspectives from Africa Zed Books	31
Sorry, we’re closed to your views: partisan media use, moral polarization, and declines in support for the open marketplace of ideas	31
The two genotypes of secession. Explaining non-nationalist independence claims in federal-authoritarian regimes	27
Democracy promotion in times of autocratization: a conceptual note	27
Are the upper chambers a source of democratic resilience? Evidence from elite perceptions in the Czech Republic	26
Who tolerates democratic backsliding? A mosaic approach to voters’ responses to authoritarian leadership in Hungary	25
Delegative democratic attitude and public opinion on human rights: empirical evidence from the Philippines	24
Disassembling accountability and democracy: varied effects of elements of accountability and democracy on public trust	24
Digital authoritarianism in the Middle East: deception, disinformation and social media Digital authoritarianism in the Middle East: deception, disinformation and social media	23
Polarization, fragmentation, and democratic deconsolidation in interwar Europe	20
Formal power in informal networks. Distribution of power resources in personalized bureaucracies: the case of Russia’s subnational elites	20
The king’s speeches: environmental sustainability as a discursive legitimation project in autocracies. Evidence from Morocco.	20
Inching toward democratization? Comparing Cuba’s National Assembly elections, 2018 and 2023	19
Soldiers of democracy? Military legacies and the Arab Spring	18
Legislating Islam: Islamists’ and Salafis’ Distinct paths of moderation in the Kuwaiti parliament	16
Ideology and judicial independence: who undermines high courts in democracies?	16
Local power play: the post-election repression and local governance	16
What is a “regime”? Three definitions and their implications for the future of regime studies	15
Brilliant tragedy? Electoral effects of environmental protest cycle in autocracy	15

Radical movement-parties, political change and the epistemology of elections: evidence from Lebanon	15
Patterns of incumbents’ repression during autocratization	15
The spirit of populism: sacred, charismatic, redemptive, and apocalyptic dimensions	14
Ramping up control: how judicial harassment and online smear campaigns work in tandem to limit dissent in Thailand	14
A tale of two cities: spillover effects of electoral shocks in non-democratic regimes	14
Transnational repression in the age of globalization	13
Shock to the system: Coups, elections, and war on the road to democratization	13
Dark politics	12
Looking beyond democratic backsliding: analysing the political economy context of Turkey’s regime trajectory through a mode of participation approach	12
Routledge handbook of EU-Middle East relations	12
When elites concede: state capacity and the management of protest in Mexico	11
Mnemonic politics among Philippine voters: a social media measurement approach	11
Geopolitics and democracy: the Western liberal order from foundation to fracture	11
Wealth, power, and authoritarian institutions: comparing dominant parties and parliaments in Tanzania and Uganda	11
A people power philosophy: republican ideology in opposition in Tanzania	10
Women’s participation and democratic resilience	10
Not Islamists, Muslim democrats: Tunisian Ennahda ’s path of ideological moderation (2011–2018)	10
How security shaped Libya’s transition	10
Democracy and Nationalism in Southeast Asia. From secessionist mobilization to conflict resolution	10
How movement parties contest democratic backsliding: evidence from Hungary and Romania	10
Ethnic minorities, political competition, and democracy. circumstantial liberals; Democratic commitment. why citizens tolerate democratic backsliding	10
Public broadcasting and democracy’s defense: responses to far-right parties in Germany and Sweden	10
Gaming democracy: how Silicon Valley leveled up the far right	10
“Politics unusual”? Bobi Wine, People Power, and the ideology of popular opposition in Uganda	10
When autocratization is reversed: episodes of U-Turns since 1900	10
Tanzania under Magufuli: the personalization of a party-based regime	10
Social polarization and electoral incentives for Islamist de-moderation: evidence from Turkish parliamentary debates	10
On motives and means: how approach and justification for court-curbing impact public trust	10
Fading freedoms: democratic decline in Albania	9
Elites and democracy	9
Revolution and dictatorship. The violent origins of durable authoritarianism	9
The government of chance. sortition and democracy from Athens to the present	9
The Druze vote in Israel: between ideology, socioeconomic status, kinship, and the Nation-State Basic Law	9
Academic freedom and the onset of autocratization	9
Christian nationalism and democracy in Ghana	8
Reexamining confucianism and democratic support: a guardianship perspective	8
The COVID-19 pandemic and popular confidence in democracy: evidence from China, Japan, and South Korea	8
Job insecurity, economic resources, and democratic backsliding: evidence from South Korea	8
The effect of electoral politics on the distribution of public spending in the context of democratic transition: evidence from Tunisia	8
The geography of autocracy. Regime preferences along the rural-urban divide in 32 countries	8
From resistance to resilience: identifying short and long-term successes in the struggle against autocratization	8
Where do social media and education meet? A closer look at understanding of democracy	8
Alternative patterns to electoral autocracy: recognizing diversity in contemporary autocratization processes	8
China's democratic experiments during its economic takeoff	8
Explaining judges’ opposition when judicial independence is undermined: insights from Poland, Romania, and Hungary	8
Information, doubt, and democracy: how digitization spurs democratic decay	8
Political plasticity: the future of democracy and dictatorship	8
Democratization, state capacity and developmental correlates of international artificial intelligence trade	8
Democratic commitment: Why citizens tolerate democratic backsliding	8
Populism and civil–military relations	7

Enchanted Revolution: Ghosts, Shamans, and Gender Politics in Chinese Communist Propaganda, 1942–1953	7
Who’s to blame for democratic backsliding: populists, presidents or dominant executives?	7
Electoral Reform and Democracy in Malaysia	7
Hailing the State: Indian Democracy Between Elections	7
Coups, rivals, and the modern state: why rural coalitions matter in sub-Saharan Africa Coups, rivals, and the modern state: why rural coalitions matter in sub-Saharan Africa	7
Authoritarian collaboration and repression in the digital age: balancing foreign direct investment and control in internet infrastructure	6
Changing the rules to win the game again: does presidential term-limit evasion affect measures of electoral integrity?	6
Trust under threat: challenges in a digital society	6
The mechanisms of personalization	6
The political economy of digital authoritarianism: evidence from the Iranian regime’s implementation of technology	6
State of the world 2022: defiance in the face of autocratization	6
Declining Democracy in East-Central Europe: The Divide in the EU and Emerging Hard Populism; Awakening Europe in the Triple Global Crisis: The Birth Pangs of the Emerging Europe	6
Democracy rules	6
Public attitudes toward external democracy promotion in Africa	6
Explaining the failure of legislative agency in patronal divided executives: deputy meaning making and its impact on legislative quality in Kyrgyzstan 2010–2020	6
Civil society’s democratic potential	6
Evaluating Europe's push to enact AI regulations: how will this influence global norms?	6
Democratic resilience in Europe – and its limits	6
The conflict within: the politics of parliamentary election management in Iran	5
Political polarization in Korea	5
The Authoritarian Divide: populism, propaganda, and polarization	5
Lobbying the autocrat: the dynamics of policy advocacy in nondemocracies	5
Legalizing control: the rise of restrictive internet regulation in sub-Saharan Africa	5
Activism in the era of democratic backsliding: explaining the efficacy of the clean-air campaigns in Poland	5
On the effectiveness of democracy aid in post-civil war recipient countries	5
Electoral integrity resilience: protecting elections during global risks, crises, and emergencies	5
Police preparedness at the polls: Kenya’s 2022 general election	5
Sociology of corruption: patterns of illegal association in Hungary	5
Quietist Salafism and survival: pious politics in Morocco and Algeria	5
Patterns of democratic backsliding in third-wave democracies: a sequence analysis perspective	5
What do you call the political upheaval? The conceptual linkage between revolutions and coups	5
Stalker states: Are democracies more likely to snoop on citizens’ data on Facebook?	5
Mobilizing in Uncertainty: Collective Identities and War in Abkhazia	5
Individual or collective rights? Consequences for the satisfaction with democracy among Indigenous peoples in Latin America	5
From Bonn to third-wave democracies: transnational diffusion of the constructive vote of no-confidence	5
Is community service an act of political resistance? the “community pantry” phenomenon in the Philippines and voter behaviour	5
Transnational securitization and violence: the discursive mechanism behind the pro-AKP diaspora’s repression of the dissident diaspora groups in the West	5
Competing demand-side explanations and populism: cross-national variation in a recursive ideational system	5
What does the population in Niger think about a military government?	4
Weak party system institutionalization and autocratization: evidence from Tunisia	4
Gender-based transnational repression and the Iranian diaspora	4
Power and politics in Africa: a boundary generator	4
Governance resilience in China: informal control, repressive welfare, and cultural experimentation The art of political control in China , by Daniel C. Mattingly, Cambri	4
Demographic structure and voting behaviour during democratization: evidence from Malaysia’s 2022 election	4
Online repression and tactical evasion: evidence from the 2020 Day of Anger protests in Egypt	4
Facing protests in Serbia: patterns of new competitive authoritarianism	4
Do mutually reinforcing cleavages harm democracy? Inequalities between ethnic groups and autocratization	4
Techno-authoritarian imaginaries and the politics of resistance against facial recognition technology in the US and European Union*	4
Strategic responses to autocratization in international democracy promotion	4
Proportional representation and party fragmentation in electoral autocracies	4
Protesting for autocracy: economic vulnerability and anti-democratic protest attendance in Tunisia	4
Coming out of the liberal closet. Think tanks and de-democratization in Poland	4
Blood gambit: how autocratizing populists fuel ethnic conflict to reverse election setbacks – evidence from Turkey and Israel	4
International democracy promotion across two waves: from support to protection	4
The culture of democracy – a sociological approach to civil society	4
Why do autocracies enfranchise their citizens abroad? A large-N event history analysis, 1990–2010	4
The personalization of government: concept and comparative analysis	4
Waiting for Dignity: Legitimacy and Authority in Afghanistan	4
Gender ideology and political participation: evidence from Mongolia as a third-wave democracy	4
From predicting dissent to programming power; analyzing AI-driven authoritarian governance in the Middle East through TRIAD framework	4
Militarized elections and citizens’ support for democratic rights: evidence from India	4
Pastoral power, clerical state. Pentecostalism, gender, and sexuality in Nigeria Pastoral power, clerical state. Pentecostalism, gender, and sexuality in Nigeria , by Eb	4
Challenging the rules of the game: clientelism and dissent in the Middle East	4
The longer the worse? The case of populism, anti-pluralism, and constitutional compliance	4
What is democratic resilience?	4
Social dictatorships: the political economy of the welfare state in the Middle East and North Africa	4
Measuring and assessing subnational electoral democracy: a new dataset for the Americas and India	4
Updated data and new insight: a new version of WTH’s authoritarian regime type dataset	4
German political foundations’ democracy promotion in autocratizing Tanzania: opening spaces for civil society support and transnational learning	4
Ideological beasts or effective organizations? Do voters’ views of democracy affect their expectations of political parties?	4
Elite strategy in resilient authoritarianism: Equatorial Guinea, 1979–2023	4
Malaysia’s democratic deficit: why youth may not be the answer	4
Dominant party politics and ethnic coordination after conflict: the Serb List in Kosovo	3
The Two Logics of Autocratic Rule The Two Logics of Autocratic Rule , by Johannes Gerschewski, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2023, 297 pp., £85.00 (hardcover),	3
Democratic resilience in Africa: elections, opposition, and social movements	3
Lockdown of expression: civic space restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic as a response to mass protests	3
Consequences of democratic backsliding in popular culture: evidence from blacklist in South Korea	3
Rallying around the “regime’s” flag? Exploring attitudinal backlashes in post-mobilizations Algeria and Iraq	3
Common enemies? Coups, insurgent strength and intra-elite competition: evidence from Latin America	3
Hidden contestation: valence issues, methodological blindness and the politics of development in Nigeria	3

Charter–manifesto congruence as a signal for issue salience: democratic innovations within political parties in Hungary	3
Moving beyond us-versus-them polarization towards constructive conversations	3
Democracy or authoritarianism: Islamist governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Tunisia	3
Correction	3
Benign bureaucracies? Religious affairs ministries as institutions of political control	3
Protests by journalists in competitive authoritarian regimes: repertoire and impact in the case of Ukraine (2010-14)	3
International actors and democracy protection: preventing the spread of illiberal legislation in Eastern Europe and Central Asia	3
Jerry John Rawlings. Leadership and Legacy: A Pan-African Perspective	3
The state as a determinant of democracy: durable poor-quality democracies in contemporary Latin America	3
Democratic progress and women’s issue representation: evidence from the South Korean National Assembly, 1948–2022	3
Democracy or discord? how citizens judge contested party leadership races	3
Micro and mass personalism: how size changes the nature of personalistic politics	3
Democracy and its enemies in Europe: successes and failures in combating autocratic threats	3
Bureaucratic militarization as a mode of democratic backsliding: lessons from Brazil	3
Political trust and democracy: the critical citizens thesis re-examined	3
When elites defend democracy, do citizens listen? How elites alert citizens to democratic recession	3
A poisonous cocktail: ethnic quotas, liberal voting rights and the democracy problem	3
Repressing in the name of? Externalization dynamics in Turkey’s use of digital repression against refugees	3
How political regimes affect national cybersecurity: the polity flux effect	3
The decoupling practice of “Democraticwashing”: the case of Israel	3
Authoritarian citizens and democratic models: an individual-level perspective	3
Civil society collective action under authoritarianism: divergent collaborative equilibriums for political reform in Malaysia and Singapore	3
Economic performance and the type and method of presidential term limit evasion	3
Political violence in Kenya: land, elections, and claim-making Political violence in Kenya: land, elections, and claim-making , by Kathleen Klaus, Cambridge, Cambridge U	3
The personalization of political power revisited	3
Protecting the center until it doesn’t: when blame shifting strategies are nullified in authoritarian regimes	3
Digital authoritarianism and the devolution of authoritarian rule: examining Syria’s patriotic hackers	3
The Way Out: How to Overcome Toxic Polarization	3
Autocracies win the minds of the democratic public: how Japanese citizens are persuaded by illiberal narratives propagated by authoritarian regimes	2
The mahram effect: gender politics and Saudi Arabia	2
The divided self: how ideological compartmentalization drives rebel-to-party success in Sri Lanka	2
Did the Arab Spring generate affective polarization? Experimental evidence from five Arab countries	2
Death by a thousand cuts: measuring autocratic legalism in the European Union’s rule of law conundrum	2
Democracy and security in Latin America: state capacity and governance under stress	2
Media capture, captured: a new computational methodology to measure deteriorating media freedom	2
Controlling territory, controlling voters: the electoral geography of African campaign violence	2
Echoes of silence: how social influence fosters self-censorship under democratic backsliding	2
From the streets to the ballots: protests, polls and polarization in Hong Kong	2
The network origin of Thailand’s youth movement	2
Subverting democracy in the name of democracy	2
African traditional institutions and support for democracy	2
The Revolutionary City: Urbanization and the Global Transformation of Rebellion The Revolutionary City: Urbanization and the Global Transformation of Rebellion , by Mark	2
Explaining the mass protests in Belarus in 2020: What role did civil society play?	2
Local-to-local electoral connections for migrants: the association between voting rights in the place of origin and the propensity to vote in the place of residence	2
Born with a silver spoon? Modes of transitions and democratic survival	2
Deliberative democracy in an algorithmic society: harms, contestations and deliberative capacity in the digital public sphere	2
The contestation of international ties and regime transitions: evidence from the former Soviet republics	2
Democracy and corruption: reassessing measurement and causality	2
Learning from Asia: functional democratic divergence 50 years after the third wave	2
The d-word: surveying democracy in America	2
Entrepreneurial attitudes as a counterweight to democratic backsliding: self-employment and support for liberal democracy in the Visegrad Four	2
Democratic norm erosion and partisanship in the United States	2
Trade and democracy in sub-Saharan African countries: a sector-based analysis	2
Neo-militant Democracies in Post-communist Member States of the European Union	2
Voting out autocrats: evidence from Zambia	2
Legitimation, co-optation, and survival: why is Turkey silent on China’s persecution of Uyghurs?	2
Parties, political finance, and governance in Africa: extracting money and shaping states in Benin and Ghana	2
Return of tyranny: Why counterrevolutions emerge and succeed	2
Not just rubber-stamping: understanding the amending role of the Chinese legislature with bill text reuse	2
What makes voters willing to tolerate undemocratic behaviours? Survey experiment from South Korea	2
Countering autocratization: a roadmap for democratic defence	2
Faith in numbers: religion, sectarianism, and democracy	2
Governing and ruling: the political logic of taxation in China	1
From symbolic inclusion to procedural democratization: public participation and civil society in the Kurdistan region	1
Was “The Revo” a coup d'etat? An assessment of the 1979 regime change in Grenada	1
Economic inequality, distributive unfairness, and regime support in East Asia	1
Violence, what is it good for? Waves of riotous-violent protest and democracy	1
Can domestic observers serve as impartial arbiters?: evidence from Zambia’s 2021 elections	1
For things to remain the same, how many things have to change? Elite continuity and change after leadership changes	1
Judicial backsliding: a guide to collapsing the separation of powers	1
Authoritarian neoliberalism and resistance in Turkey: construction, consolidation, and contestation Authoritarian neoliberalism and resistance in Turkey: construction, consolidation, an	1
Why do authoritarian regimes provide welfare?	1
How modernization theory has stumbled in China: A political interception perspective	1
Strict COVID-19 lockdown and popular regime support in China	1
The Social Constitution: Embedding Social Rights Through Legal Mobilization The Social Constitution: Embedding Social Rights Through Legal Mobilization , by Whitney K. T	1
Religion and the authoritarian toolkit: are carrots substitutes for sticks?	1
Towards praetorian-led electoral authoritarianism? Examining the post-coup transitions in francophone Africa	1
Party system closure: party alliances, government alternatives, and democracy in Europe	1
New democracy and autocratization in Asia	1
Diffusion of digital authoritarian practices in China’s neighbourhood: the cases of Iran and Pakistan	1
Troublemakers and game changers: how political parties stopped democratic backsliding in Bulgaria	1
Recall rules as a legalistic autocrat’s toolkit. The case of Zimbabwe	1
A fear dictator who is spinning? Conceptualizing authoritarian responses to digital uptake through the case study of information control in Belarus	1
A concise history of Serbia	1
From Stormont to Strasbourg – militant democracy in consociations	1
Who supports the coup? Deprivation, decolonization and junta support in post-coup Mali	1
Political corruption in the Arab Mediterranean countries: an innovative typology	1
Binding militaries to democratic concepts: the role of civilian policymakers in Brazil and Chile	1
The use of experts in building political trust: dissenting opinions and critical citizens in times of crisis	1
The sciences of the democracies	1
What drives dictators? Investigating the prevalence of policy-seeking autocrats	1
China’s active defence against democracy promotion: a conceptual analysis	1
Policing repertoire of knowledge practices in neo-authoritarian governance: authority of sovereignty cluster of global norms, and the constitution of legitimizing narrative for suppression in Iran’s “	1
The curious case of democratic backsliding in Bangladesh: an analysis of people’s financial satisfaction	1
Democratic self-defence as a dirty hands problem	1