International Heart Journal

Papers
(The TQCC of International Heart Journal is 3. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-09-01 to 2025-09-01.)
ArticleCitations
One-Stop Hybrid Coronary Revascularization Versus Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting39
Recurrent Syncope in a Case with Mediastinal Lymphoma29
Predictive Factors for New-Onset Left Bundle Branch Block in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction and Its Prognostic Value18
An Unusual Case of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction after Aortic Valve Replacement18
Echocardiographic Study of Left Ventricular Pressure-Strain Loop in Evaluating Changes in Left Ventricular Myocardial Work in Breast Cancer Patients After Chemotherapy16
Thoracic Aortic Calcification and Complex Large Aortic Arch Plaque in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome16
Visceral Fat Area by Abdominal Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis as a Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea15
Rhythm of Acute Aortic Syndrome in Northeastern China15
Initial Triple Combination Therapy Including Intravenous Prostaglandin I<sub>2</sub> for the Treatment of Patients with Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension15
Age-Specific Changes in Physical Function in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure14
Difference in Strategy and Clinical Outcomes of Left Main Disease in Japan and Non-Japanese Countries13
Changes in Laminin in Acute Heart Failure12
Time Course and Risk Factors of New-Onset Complete Atrioventricular Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation12
Low Body Mass Index without Malnutrition Is an Independent Risk Factor for Major Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Hemodialysis12
Survival after Right Ventricular Diverticulum Caused by Right Ventricular Rupture12
Hemorrhagic Cardiac Tamponade with Blood Clot Formation in Acute Aortic Dissection Despite Initial D-Dimer of < 500 ng/mL12
Exploring Novel Therapeutics for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension12
Astaxanthin Alleviates the Process of Cardiac Hypertrophy by Targeting the METTL3/Circ_0078450/MiR-338-3p/GATA4 Pathway11
Best Reviewers for 202111
<i>Ex Vivo</i> Hydrostatic Pressure Loading of Atrial Tissues Activates Profibrotic Transcription via TGF-β Signal Pathway11
Correlation between Serum Myosin Light Chain 4 Levels and Recurrence after Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation11
MicroRNA-22-3p Restrains the Proliferation, Phenotypic Transformation, and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Manipulating TOMM4011
LIM Homeobox 2 Increases Adhesion-Regulating Molecule 1 Transcription to Facilitate the Pathological Progression of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Stimulated Atherosclerotic Cell Models11
Investigation of Stroke Risk Factors and Prognostic Indicators in NVAF Patients with Low CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc Scores11
Causal Relationship Between Immune Cells/Cytokines and Dilated Cardiomyopathy11
Venous Pressure Cost for Cardiac Index Increases During Exercise in Patients with Fontan Circulation Versus Those with Biventricular Circulation10
Estimating the Timeframe of Lactate Reduction in Acute Cardiovascular Disease Using Functional Data Analysis Based on Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models10
Clinical Value of MiR-191-5p in Patients with Sepsis and Its Regulatory Role in Sepsis-Related Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction10
Exosomes Promote Atherosclerosis Progression by Regulating Circ_100696/miR-503-5p/PAPPA Axis-Mediated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation and Migration9
Successful Preoperative Partial Splenic Artery and Aneurysm Embolization for Thrombocytopenia Associated with Failed Fontan Circulation9
A Comparison of Retrospective ECG-Gated CT and Surgical or Angiographical Findings in Acute Aortic Syndrome9
Prognostic Value of the Pattern of Non-Adherence to Anti-Platelet Regimen in Stented Patients (PARIS) Bleeding Risk Score for Long-Term Mortality After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention9
The Impact of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm on Cardiovascular Diseases9
Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Left Atrial Reverse Remodeling After Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation9
Dynamic Changes in the Renal Function of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with Reduced eGFR After Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention9
Ivabradine Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis-Mediated Myocardial Injury8
Frequency and Distribution of Sheet and Nodular Calcification in Coronary Arteries in Japanese Patients8
Effects of Septal Reduction Therapy on Acute Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy8
High Pulse Pressure Decreases Cardiopulmonary Ability among Older Chinese Patients with Primary Hypertension8
Clinical Efficacy of Intracoronary Papaverine After Nicorandil Administration for Safe and Optimal Fractional Flow Reserve Measurement8
Ox-LDL-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Dysfunction Partly Depends on the Circ_0044073/miR-377-3p/AURKA Axis in Atherosclerosis8
Late-Onset Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm After Dor Operation in an Elderly Male Patient8
Earlier First Publication Is Associated with More Future Publication8
Impact of Left Ventricular Chamber Size on Outcome in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction8
Epidemiology of Heart Valve Disease in Taiwan8
Intra-Left Ventricular Hemodynamics Assessed with 4D Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Left Ventricular Thrombus8
Multimodality Risk Assessment of Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Using Deep Learning Models Applied to Electrocardiograms and Chest X-rays8
Trimethylamine N-oxide Promotes Atherosclerosis by Regulating Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Autophagy in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway7
METTL14 Promotes Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Myocardial Damage via m6A-Dependent Stabilization of TRPM7 mRNA7
The Relationship between Holter Electrocardiography and Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis Using Real-World Data in Japan7
Dramatically Improved Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Caused by Qing-Dai (Chinese Herbal Drug) for Ulcerative Colitis7
Comparison of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedures and Outcomes for Recent and Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction7
Announcement of Retraction7
Low LncRNA LUCAT1 Expression Assists in the Diagnosis of Chronic Heart Failure and Predicts Poor Prognosis7
Cutting Balloon Combined with Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis7
Reply to Letter by Kataoka and Imamura Regarding Article, "Impact of Preprocedural Frailty Status in Elderly Transvenous Pacemaker Recipients"7
Ursolic Acid Ameliorates the Injury of H9c2 Cells Caused by Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Through Mediating CXCL2/NF-κB Pathway7
Acute and Mid-Term Assessment of Microvascular Dysfunction with Index of Microcirculatory Resistance in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients7
Aspirin and Celecoxib Regulate Notch1/Hes1 Pathway to Prevent Pressure Overload-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy7
Successful Treatment with Letermovir in a Heart Transplant Recipient with UL97 Mutation Ganciclovir-Resistant Cytomegalovirus Colitis and Viremia7
Errata: Effect of Thimerosal on Arrhythmia Induced by Coronary Ligation: The Involvement of ATP-dependent Potassium Channels7
Announcement of Retraction7
Feasibility and Efficacy of Exercise Training Concomitant with Re-Assessment of Medical Therapy in Patients with Heart Failure Receiving Intravenous Inotropes6
Myocardial Ischemia due to Rapid Atrial Fibrillation Revealed Using the Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio6
The Effect of Three Different Cuff/Arm Circumference Ratios Ranging over 80% on Cuff Blood Pressure Measurements6
Most Cited Articles in 20246
Usefulness of Optimization of Interventricular Delay Using an Electrical Cardiometry Method in Patients with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Implantation6
Single Coronary Artery with Severe Coronary Artery Disease and Aortic Valve Disease6
Impact of Pre-Ablation Direct Current Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation to Predict Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation6
LncRNA FGD5-AS1 Promotes Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Growth Through the Activation of MMP3 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells6
Letter by Nakamura, <i>et al</i>. Regarding Article, "Benefits and Risks of Delayed Surgery for Ventricular Septal Rupture after Acute Myocardial Infarction"6
Postmortem Identification of Genetic Variations Associated with Sudden Unexpected Death in Young People6
Substernal Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator System Infections in Large Animals6
Associations of ApoE Polymorphisms with Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation and Cardiac Injury in Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery5
Appropriate Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Improves Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction via Lung Perfusion Scan5
Congenital Pulmonary Lymphangiectasia Masked by Postoperative Pulmonary Venous Obstruction in an Infant with Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection5
Muscle Strength, but Not Muscle Mass, Is Associated with Left Ventricular Diastolic Function during Aging in Chinese5
Time Trends in the Disease Burden of Maternal Hypertensive Disorder in China from 1990 to 20215
UEDA Heart Awards for 20245
Prognostic Significance of Serum Chloride Level Reduction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure with Different Ejection Fractions5
Clinical Value of Troponin Levels to Cardiac Function and Prognosis in Patients with Fulminant Myocarditis5
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Interventricular Septal Myocardial Ablation5
The Prognostic Value of Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index in Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention5
Erratum: High Apolipoprotein E Levels Predict Adverse Limb Events in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease Due to Peripheral Artery Disease Undergoing Endovascular Treatment and On-Statin Treatment5
Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Self-Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valve Embolized in the Aorta5
Who Can Receive Clinical Benefit from Mid-Term Vericiguat Add-on Therapy Among Patients with Systolic Heart Failure Receiving Quadruple Medical Therapy?5
Impact of Structural Abnormalities in Left Ventricle and Left Atrium on Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction5
Successful Ablation of a Biatrial Tachycardia from the Superior Vena Cava after a Senning Operation for Complete Transposition of the Great Arteries5
Downregulation of lncRNA MALAT1 Inhibits Angiotensin II-induced Hypertrophic Effects of Cardiomyocytes by Regulating SIRT4 via miR-93-5p5
Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Myocardial Fibrosis Mechanism of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity5
Clinically Administered Doses of Pitavastatin and Rosuvastatin5
Correlation Between Plasma B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels and Remote Dielectric Sensing in Patients with Heart Failure5
Benefits and Risks of Delayed Surgery for Ventricular Septal Rupture after Acute Myocardial Infarction5
Case Report of Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy Characterized by Undulating Phenotypes in Adult Patients5
One-Year Outcome of Patients with Chest Pain in the Rule-Out Group According to the 0-Hour/1-Hour Algorithm5
Circ-SKA3 Enhances Doxorubicin Toxicity in AC16 Cells Through miR-1303/TLR4 Axis5
Subclinical B-type Natriuretic Peptide Elevation 24 Months After Anthracycline-Containing Chemotherapy5
Red Cell Distribution Width Predicts Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome5
Potential Regulatory Role of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)5
Clinical Outcomes of Cardiac Shockwave Therapy in Severe Coronary Artery Disease Patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting5
Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Takotsubo Syndrome in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage5
Circ_0001312 Silencing Suppresses Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via MiR-409-3p/HMGB1 Axis5
Responders to Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Improving Left Ventricular Function5
Left Coronary Cusp with Fenestration Adherent to the Aortic Wall5
Thioredoxin Reductase 2 Synergizes with Cytochrome c, Somatic to Alleviate Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress in Cardiomyocytes and Mouse Myocardium5
Risk Factors and Construction of a Predictive Model for Postoperative Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Aortic Dissecting Aneurysms5
Prognostic Impact of Multiple Drug Use at Discharge in Patients Hospitalized with Heart Failure5
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Adding Ivabradine to Current Standard Therapy Versus Standard Therapy Alone in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure in Japan4
Evaluation of Myocardial Microcirculation in Rats under a High-Altitude Hypoxic Environment by Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging4
Evaluation of Plasma Xanthine Oxidoreductase (XOR) Activity in Patients with Cardiopulmonary Arrest4
Histone Demethylase PHF8 Confers Protection against Oxidative Stress and Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in Heart Failure by Upregulating FOXA24
Effect of Oral Care on Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome4
Letter by Kataoka, <i>et al</i>. Regarding Article, "Correlation of Serum Laminin Levels with Cardiac Function and In-Hospital Prognosis in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation"4
Bradyarrhythmia Suspected to be Associated with Sleep Apnea Syndrome4
Is Moderate/Large Residual Shunt After PFO Closure Justifiable for a Patient with a Prior History of Cryptogenic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack?4
Predictive Model and Risk Score for In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with All-Cause Cardiogenic Shock4
Importance of Awareness and Careful Follow-Up of Suspected IgG4-Related Periaortitis4
Temporal Trends and Regional Variations in Cardiovascular Care in Japan, 2010-20194
Serial Changes of Aortic Vulnerable Plaques Observed via Non-Obstructive General Angioscopy4
First Validation of Myocardial Flow Reserve Derived from Dynamic <sup>99m</sup>Tc-Sestamibi CZT-SPECT Camera Compared with <sup>13</sup>N-Ammonia PET4
The Causal Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Work and Sleep4
A Case of Cardiogenic Shock due to Propionic Acidemia-Associated Cardiomyopathy Successfully Treated with a Combination of Mechanical Circulatory Support and Medical Therapy4
Relationship between the Amount of Menstrual Flow and Cardiac Status in Women with Fontan Circulation4
MiR-26a-5p Targets WNT5A to Protect Cardiomyocytes from Injury Due to Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Through the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway4
Successful Cryoballoon Ablation in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Patient Post-Esophageal Cancer Surgery4
Announcement: UEDA Heart Awards for 20214
Hydroxycitric Acid Tripotassium Hydrate Attenuates Monocrotaline and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats4
Correlation Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Coronary Plaque Characteristics on Optical Coherence Tomography4
Changes in Exercise Tolerance over Time in Patients with Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy Treated with Tafamidis4
Bilateral Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation for Treatment-Resistant Ventricular Arrhythmias in Heart Failure Patients with a Reduced Ejection Fraction4
Financial Implication of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate Therapy in Patients with Systolic Heart Failure and Hyperkalemia4
Impact of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion Revascularization Strategy on 30-Day Outcomes in Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction4
Exploring Genetic Diversity of <i>SOD2</i> and <i>POU5F1</i> for Congenital Heart Disease in the Southwest Chinese Population4
An Autopsy Case of Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease Complicated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Severe Pulmonary Hypertension4
Pretransfer Aspirin Administration and Its Impact on Angiographic Outcomes for Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction4
Successful Pacemaker Setting Using Treadmill Exercise Test in a Child with Fontan Circulation4
Natriuretic Peptides as Markers of Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling After Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor Therapy4
lncRNA CCAT2 Protects Against Cardiomyocyte Injury After Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion by Regulating BMI1 Expression4
Electrical Storm as an Independent Mortality Risk in Patients with Preserved or Moderately Reduced Left Ventricular Function4
Diagnostic Utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Recurrent "Third Time" Myocarditis Without Electrocardiographic Changes4
A Randomized Controlled Study on the Clinical Efficacy of Ginkgo Biloba Combined with Nicorandil in Patients with HFmrEF4
UEDA Heart Awards for 20224
Erlotinib-Induced Cardiomyopathy in a Patient with Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer4
DNA Damage Induced by Radiation Exposure from Cardiac Catheterization4
Early Rhythm Control Strategy in Early Atrial Fibrillation Patients4
Cost-Effectiveness of Management for Hospitalized Patients4
Effects of Dapagliflozin in Combination with Hydrochlorothiazide on Cardiac Remodeling in Rats with Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction3
Age-Based Lifestyle Patterns in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction3
Patients with Moderate Non-Culprit Coronary Lesions of Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome3
Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy for Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease3
Simple Phonocardiography with the Ankle-Brachial Index Measurement System as a Tool for Detecting Fourth Heart Sounds of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy3
MiRNA-6870-3p Regulates Lipopolysaccharide Induced Epicardial Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Genes via Targeting Tollip-Mediated JNK and NF-κB Signaling in Coronary Artery Disease3
ITGB1 Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Myocardial Cell Injury by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cell Apoptosis3
Prognostic Factors After Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cell Implantation in No-Option Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia Patients with Atherosclerotic Lower Extremity Artery Disease3
Ponatinib-Related Vasospastic Angina3
Systematic Immune-Inflammation Index Predicts Embolic Events in Infective Endocarditis3
Upstream Stimulatory Factor 2 Protects Cardiomyocytes by Regulating Mitochondrial Homeostasis3
Long Non-Coding RNA NR_027324 Protects H9C2 Cells against Hypoglycemic and Hypoxic Injury by Interacting with microRNA-103-3p3
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Impair Left Ventricular Diastolic Functions3
Usefulness of the Snare Technique During Leadless Pacemaker Implantation for a Patient with a Severely Dilated Right Atrium3
Letter by Nishioka, <i>et al</i>. Regarding Article, "Clinical Profile and 30-Day Mortality of Invasively Managed Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome During the COVID-19 Outbre3
Exercise Capacity and Frailty Are Associated with Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensity in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Disease3
Letter by Kataoka and Imamura Regarding Article, "Impact of Preprocedural Frailty Status in Elderly Transvenous Pacemaker Recipients"3
Effects of Longitudinal Changes in Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors on the Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Disease in Young Adults3
Favorable Effects of Impella on Takotsubo Syndrome Complicated with Cardiogenic Shock3
Fatal Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Infarction Caused by Pulmonary Vein Thrombotic Occlusion During Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation3
Impact of Door-to-Balloon Time Reduction Depending on the Killip Classification in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Transported by Emergency Medical Services3
Association Between Impella Device Type and Short-Term Prognosis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock Receiving ECPELLA Support3
Overexpression of MiR-181c-5p Attenuates Human Umbilical Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury in Deep Vein Thrombosis by Targeting FOS3
Tanshinone IIA Regulates MAPK/mTOR Signal-Mediated Autophagy to Alleviate Atherosclerosis through the miR-214-3p/ATG16L1 Axis3
Effects of Recombinant Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism Complicated with Right Ventricular Dysfunction Who Underwent Catheter-Directed Therapy3
Risk Factors for Sternal Wound Infection after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with and without Diabetes3
Pioglitazone Protects Against Hypoxia-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Through Inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>3
Abrupt Onset of Cardiac Tamponade in Sarcoidosis3
P-Wave Terminal Force V1 Is Associated with Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with No Significant Perfusion Abnormality3
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction3
A Simple Percutaneous Retrieval Technique for an Embolized Watchman Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device in the Thoracic Aorta Using a Homemade Snare3
Surgical Strategies for Cardiac Perforation After Catheter Ablation or Electrophysiology Study3
Short P-Wave Duration Is Associated with Incident Atrial Fibrillation3
Early Detection of Cardiac Amyloidosis in Transthyretin Mutation Carriers3
Intravenous Semaphorin 3A Administration Maintains Cardiac Contractility and Improves Electrical Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Isoproterenol-Induced Heart Failure3
Letter by Kataoka, <i>et al</i>. Regarding Article, "Evaluation of Plasma Xanthine Oxidoreductase (XOR) Activity in Patients with Cardiopulmonary Arrest"3
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy with Defibrillator in Ischemic Versus Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy3
Buddy Balloon versus Buddy Wire Technique Regarding Accuracy of Stent Placement during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention3
Long-QT Syndrome with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Causing Fatal Ventricular Arrhythmia after Delivery3
Effects of Different Exercise Intensities on the Rat Model of Heart Failure3
Nebivolol Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress3
Time-Dependent Changes in N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Ratio During Hospitalization for Acute Heart Failure3
Correlation Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Gene Polymorphism and the Co-Occurrence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Hypertension3
Left Ventricular End-Systolic Diameter May Predict Persistent Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction3
Sinomenine Hydrochloride Regulates the Apoptosis of Endothelial Cells through PPAR-γ to Alleviate PAH3
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