Physica Medica-European Journal of Medical Physics

Article	Citations
AI applications to medical images: From machine learning to deep learning	360
Photon-counting CT review	313
Artificial intelligence and machine learning for medical imaging: A technology review	194
The promise of artificial intelligence and deep learning in PET and SPECT imaging	173
A review of deep learning based methods for medical image multi-organ segmentation	139
Teaching and learning of postgraduate medical physics using Internet-based e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic – A case study from Malaysia	113
Deep learning methods to generate synthetic CT from MRI in radiotherapy: A literature review	109
Artificial intelligence: Deep learning in oncological radiomics and challenges of interpretability and data harmonization	102
The European Joint Research Project UHDpulse – Metrology for advanced radiotherapy using particle beams with ultra-high pulse dose rates	88
Data preparation for artificial intelligence in medical imaging: A comprehensive guide to open-access platforms and tools	69
Dental cone beam CT: An updated review	67
Artificial Intelligence in magnetic Resonance guided Radiotherapy: Medical and physical considerations on state of art and future perspectives	66
Artificial intelligence in image reconstruction: The change is here	61
The EU medical device regulation: Implications for artificial intelligence-based medical device software in medical physics	59
Comparison of different deep learning architectures for synthetic CT generation from MR images	58
Update on latest advances in time-of-flight PET	55
Effective dose from radiation exposure in medicine: Past, present, and future	53
Artificial intelligence applications in medical imaging: A review of the medical physics research in Italy	50
Advances in micro-CT imaging of small animals	49
X-ray phase imaging reaching clinical uses	48
Meniscal lesion detection and characterization in adult knee MRI: A deep learning model approach with external validation	42
Basic of machine learning and deep learning in imaging for medical physicists	42
Requirements and reliability of AI in the medical context	42
The advent of anthropomorphic three-dimensional breast phantoms for X-ray imaging	41
Radiation dose optimization in diagnostic and interventional radiology: Current issues and future perspectives	40

Principles and applications of dual source CT	40
Evaluation of a cycle-generative adversarial network-based cone-beam CT to synthetic CT conversion algorithm for adaptive radiation therapy	38
Current challenges of implementing artificial intelligence in medical imaging	37
Preserving image texture while reducing radiation dose with a deep learning image reconstruction algorithm in chest CT: A phantom study	36
Automatic fetal biometry prediction using a novel deep convolutional network architecture	36
Multi-input deep learning approach for Cardiovascular Disease diagnosis using Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and clinical data	34
Delta radiomics for rectal cancer response prediction using low field magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy: an external validation	34
Machine learning in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Image reconstruction	34
Strategies to develop radiomics and machine learning models for lung cancer stage and histology prediction using small data samples	34
Deep learning dose prediction for IMRT of esophageal cancer: The effect of data quality and quantity on model performance	34
A deep survival interpretable radiomics model of hepatocellular carcinoma patients	33
Benign-malignant pulmonary nodule classification in low-dose CT with convolutional features	32
Sparse-view CT reconstruction based on multi-level wavelet convolution neural network	31
A review of antenna designs for percutaneous microwave ablation	31
Automatic deep learning-based pleural effusion classification in lung ultrasound images for respiratory pathology diagnosis	30
Radiation therapy dose prediction for left-sided breast cancers using two-dimensional and three-dimensional deep learning models	30
Characterization of displacement forces and image artifacts in the presence of passive medical implants in low-field (<100 mT) permanent magnet-based MRI systems, and comparisons with clinical MRI	28
A new solution for UHDP and UHDR (Flash) measurements: Theory and conceptual design of ALLS chamber	26
Automatic segmentation of glioblastoma multiform brain tumor in MRI images: Using Deeplabv3+ with pre-trained Resnet18 weights	26
Higher patient doses through X-ray imaging procedures	26
A novel deep learning model for breast lesion classification using ultrasound Images: A multicenter data evaluation	25
A deep learning classifier for digital breast tomosynthesis	25
X-ray sources: 125 years of developments of this intriguing technology	24
Artificial intelligence in the medical physics community: An international survey	24
Expanding the medical physicist curricular and professional programme to include Artificial Intelligence	23
Geant4-DNA simulation of the pre-chemical stage of water radiolysis and its impact on initial radiochemical yields	23
Current applications of deep-learning in neuro-oncological MRI	23
Intercomparison of Monte Carlo calculated dose enhancement ratios for gold nanoparticles irradiated by X-rays: Assessing the uncertainty and correct methodology for extended beams	23
Recent advances in X-ray imaging of breast tissue: From two- to three-dimensional imaging	23
Commissioning and performance testing of the first prototype of AlignRT InBore™ a Halcyon™ and Ethos™-dedicated surface guided radiation therapy platform	22
Clinical validation of a GPU-based Monte Carlo dose engine of a commercial treatment planning system for pencil beam scanning proton therapy	21
Performance of an artificial intelligence tool with real-time clinical workflow integration – Detection of intracranial hemorrhage and pulmonary embolism	21
Overview of commercial treatment planning systems for targeted radionuclide therapy	20
Review of skin dose calculation software in interventional cardiology	20
Deep learning-based reconstruction in ultra-high-resolution computed tomography: Can image noise caused by high definition detector and the miniaturization of matrix element size be improved?	20
Clinical practice vs. state-of-the-art research and future visions: Report on the 4D treatment planning workshop for particle therapy – Edition 2018 and 2019	20
EBHI: A new Enteroscope Biopsy Histopathological H&E Image Dataset for image classification evaluation	19
Dosiomics-based prediction of radiation-induced hypothyroidism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients	19
Adaptive SBRT by 1.5 T MR-linac for prostate cancer: On the accuracy of dose delivery in view of the prolonged session time	19
3D image-based dosimetry for Yttrium-90 radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma: Impact of imaging method on absorbed dose estimates	19
Multi-parametric MRI lesion heterogeneity biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis	19
Radiation dose monitoring in computed tomography: Status, options and limitations	18
Dosimetric and radiation cancer risk evaluation of high resolution thorax CT during COVID-19 outbreak	18
Evaluation of fully automated a priori MCO treatment planning in VMAT for head-and-neck cancer	18
Out-of-field organ doses and associated risk of cancer development following radiation therapy with photons	17
Ultra-high dose rate dosimetry for pre-clinical experiments with mm-small proton fields	17
Deep reinforcement learning for treatment planning in high-dose-rate cervical brachytherapy	17
Automating chest radiograph imaging quality control	16
Monte Carlo studies in Gold Nanoparticles enhanced radiotherapy: The impact of modelled parameters in dose enhancement	16
Evaluation of CBCT based dose calculation in the thorax and pelvis using two generic algorithms	16

A high-performance method of deep learning for prostate MR-only radiotherapy planning using an optimized Pix2Pix architecture	16
National indication-based diagnostic reference level values in computed tomography: Preliminary results from Ghana	16
Systematic literature review on the benefit of patient protection shielding during medical X-ray imaging: Towards a discontinuation of the current practice	16
Feasibility of using a commercial collapsed cone dose engine for 1.5T MR-LINAC online independent dose verification	16
On the dependence of quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging on scanner system characteristics and acquisition parameters: A large multicenter and multiparametric phantom study with unsupervised clust	16
Patient-specific IMRT QA verification using machine learning and gamma radiomics	15
Prompt-gamma emission in GEANT4 revisited and confronted with experiment	15
Intracerebral hemorrhage detection on computed tomography images using a residual neural network	15
External beam radiation therapy with kilovoltage x-rays	15
Short-duration dynamic FDG PET imaging: Optimization and clinical application	15
Use of out-of-field contact shielding on patients in medical imaging: A review of current guidelines, recommendations and legislative documents	15
Dosimetric optimization of nuclear medicine therapy based on the Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM and the Italian law N. 101/2020. Position paper and recommendations by the Italian National Associati	15
Charge collection efficiency, underlying recombination mechanisms, and the role of electrode distance of vented ionization chambers under ultra-high dose-per-pulse conditions	15
Quality assurance-based optimization (QAO): Towards improving patient-specific quality assurance in volumetric modulated arc therapy plans using machine learning	15
Selecting proper combination of mpMRI sequences for prostate cancer classification using multi-input convolutional neuronal network	14
FLASHla	14
Point scintillator dosimetry in ultra-high dose rate electron “FLASH” radiation therapy: A first characterization	14
3D TOF-PET image reconstruction using total variation regularization	14
A novel fast kilovoltage switching dual-energy CT with deep learning: Accuracy of CT number on virtual monochromatic imaging and iodine quantification	14
Fabrication of 3D printed patient-derived anthropomorphic breast phantoms for mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis: Imaging assessment with clinical X-ray spectra	14
Recent advancements in machine learning and deep learning-based breast cancer detection using mammograms	14
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen: The scientist and his discovery	14
Patient shielding: The need for a European consensus statement	14
Procurement, commissioning and QA of AI based solutions: An MPE’s perspective on introducing AI in clinical practice	14
Personalized automation of treatment planning in head-neck cancer: A step forward for quality in radiation therapy?	14
An international survey of imaging practices in radiotherapy	14
Deep learning-based in vivo dose verification from proton-induced secondary-electron-bremsstrahlung images with various count level	13
Radiomics classifier to quantify automatic segmentation quality of cardiac sub-structures for radiotherapy treatment planning	13
Perspectives in linear accelerator for FLASH VHEE: Study of a compact C-band system	13
The growing potential of diagnostic reference levels as a dynamic tool for dose optimization	13
Rapid effective dose calculation for raster-scanning 4He ion therapy with the modified microdosimetric kinetic model (mMKM)	13
Monte Carlo assessment of low energy electron range in liquid water and dosimetry effects	13
Monte Carlo modelling of pixel clusters in Timepix detectors using the MCNP code	13
Accurate non-tumoral 99mTc-MAA absorbed dose prediction to plan optimized activities in liver radioembolization using resin microspheres	13
Use of genetic algorithm for PTV optimization in single isocenter multiple metastases radiosurgery treatments with Brainlab Elements™	13
Comparison of the RayStation photon Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm against measured data under homogeneous and heterogeneous irradiation geometries	13
Dosimetric characterization of a small-scale (Zn,Cd)S:Ag inorganic scintillating detector to be used in radiotherapy	13
Evaluation of ferrous benzoic methylthymol-blue gel as a dosimeter via magnetic resonance imaging	13
Treatment plan prediction for lung IMRT using deep learning based fluence map generation	13
VMAT-like plans for magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy: Addressing unmet needs	12
Radioprotection of eye lens using protective material in neuro cone-beam computed tomography: Estimation of dose reduction rate and image quality	12
Out-of-field measurements and simulations of a proton pencil beam in a wide range of dose rates using a Timepix3 detector: Dose rate, flux and LET	12
Fricke-Xylenol orange-Gelatin gel characterization with dual wavelength cone-beam optical CT scanner for applications in stereotactic and dynamic radiotherapy	12
Functional lung imaging with synchrotron radiation: Methods and preclinical applications	12
Validation of the MC-GPU Monte Carlo code against the PENELOPE/penEasy code system and benchmarking against experimental conditions for typical radiation qualities and setups in interventional radiolo	12
EFOMP policy statement NO. 19: Dosimetry in nuclear medicine therapy – Molecular radiotherapy	12
Corrigendum to “Intercomparison of dose enhancement ratio and secondary electron spectra for gold nanoparticles irradiated by X-rays calculated using multiple Monte Carlo simulation codes” [Phys. Med.	12
A new calculation method for the free electron fraction of an ionization chamber in the ultra-high-dose-per-pulse regimen	11
Development of a dose distribution shifter to fit inside the collimator of a Boron Neutron Capture Therapy irradiation system to treat superficial tumours	11
Realistic 3D printed CT imaging tumor phantoms for validation of image processing algorithms	11
End-to-end dosimetric audit: A novel procedure developed for Irish HDR brachytherapy centres	11
Proof of concept image artifact reduction by energy-modulated proton computed tomography (EMpCT)	11
Fast Monte Carlo codes for occupational dosimetry in interventional radiology	11
A filament 3D printing approach for CT-compatible bone tissues replication	11
Clinical aspects of spatially fractionated radiation therapy treatments	11
Abnormal metabolic covariance patterns associated with multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy	11
Accuracy of dose calculation on iterative CBCT for head and neck radiotherapy	11
Cardiac radioablation for ventricular tachycardia: Which approach for incorporating cardiorespiratory motions into the planning target volume?	11
Object-oriented classification approach for bone metastasis mapping from whole-body bone scintigraphy	11
Modeling of scavenging systems in water radiolysis with Geant4-DNA	11
A deep learning approach for magnetic resonance fingerprinting: Scaling capabilities and good training practices investigated by simulations.	11
Largest diameter delineations can substitute 3D tumor volume delineations for radiomics prediction of human papillomavirus status on MRI’s of oropharyngeal cancer	11
A situational awareness Bayesian network approach for accurate and credible personalized adaptive radiotherapy outcomes prediction in lung cancer patients	11
Evaluation of optimization workflow using custom-made planning through predicted dose distribution for head and neck tumor treatment	11
A novel tool for assessing the correlation of internal/external markers during SGRT guided stereotactic ablative radiotherapy treatments	11
Validation and practical implementation of seated position radiotherapy in a commercial TPS for proton therapy	11
Positioning accuracy of a single-isocenter multiple targets SRS treatment: A comparison between Varian TrueBeam CBCT and Brainlab ExacTrac	11
Evaluations of a flat-panel based compact daily quality assurance device for proton pencil beam scanning (PBS) system	11
Implementation of the microdosimetric kinetic model using analytical microdosimetry in a treatment planning system for proton therapy	11
Automatic lung segmentation in COVID-19 patients: Impact on quantitative computed tomography analysis	10
A review on fetal dose in Radiotherapy: A historical to contemporary perspective	10
Optimization of image quality and accuracy of low iodine concentration quantification as function of kVp pairs for abdominal imaging using dual-source CT: A phantom study	10
Treatment planning consideration for very high-energy electron FLASH radiotherapy	10
Validation of low-dose lung cancer PET-CT protocol and PET image improvement using machine learning	10
Technical aspects of proton minibeam radiation therapy: Minibeam generation and delivery	10
A protocol for absolute dose verification of SBRT/SRS treatment plans using Gafchromic™ EBT-XD films	10
X-rays for medical imaging: Radiation protection, governance and ethics over 125 years	10
Exploring the variability of radiomic features of lung cancer lesions on unenhanced and contrast-enhanced chest CT imaging	10
In vivo dosimetry in low-voltage IORT breast treatments with XR-RV3 radiochromic film	10
Impact of quantization algorithm and number of gray level intensities on variability and repeatability of low field strength magnetic resonance image-based radiomics texture features	10

Enhancing the impact of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: A joint AIFM-INFN Italian initiative for a dedicated cloud-based computing infrastructure	10
X-ray dark-field phase-contrast imaging: Origins of the concept to practical implementation and applications	10
Continual improvement of nasopharyngeal carcinoma segmentation with less labeling effort	10
3D dosimetric validation of ultrasound-guided radiotherapy with a dynamically deformable abdominal phantom	10
Updating a clinical Knowledge-Based Planning prediction model for prostate radiotherapy	10
Towards an updated ESTRO-EFOMP core curriculum for education and training of medical physics experts in radiotherapy – A survey of current education and training practice in Europe	9
Time-Activity data fitting in molecular Radiotherapy: Methodology and pitfalls	9
HeLLePhant: A phantom mimicking non-small cell lung cancer for texture analysis in CT images	9
Inverse planning in Gamma Knife radiosurgery: A comparative planning study	9
Large-Area SiPM Pixels (LASiPs): A cost-effective solution towards compact large SPECT cameras	9
Image restoration algorithm incorporating methods to remove noise and blurring from positron emission tomography imaging for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis	9
Detailed dosimetry calculation for in-vitro experiments and its impact on clinical BNCT	9
A systematically compiled set of quantitative metrics to describe spatial characteristics of radiotherapy dose distributions and aid in treatment planning	9
Field output factors for small fields: A large multicentre study	9
Extension of RBE-weighted 4D particle dose calculation for non-periodic motion	9
Validation of a laser driven plasma X-ray microfocus source for high resolution radiography imaging	9
Electromagnetic simulation of RF burn injuries occurring at skin-skin and skin-bore wall contact points in an MRI scanner with a birdcage coil	9
Simplified patient-specific renal dosimetry in 177Lu therapy: a proof of concept	9
Establishing paediatric diagnostic reference levels using reference curves – A feasibility study including conventional and CT examinations	9
Generation of clinical 177Lu SPECT/CT images based on Monte Carlo simulation with GATE	9
TomoEQA: Dose verification for patient-specific quality assurance in helical tomotherapy using an exit detector	9
Optimization of polyethylene glycol-based hydrogel rectal spacer for focal laser ablation of prostate peripheral zone tumor	9
Ultra-low dose whole-body CT for attenuation correction in a dual tracer PET/CT protocol for multiple myeloma	9
Multiscale X-ray phase-contrast tomography: From breast CT to micro-CT for virtual histology	9
Shielding effectiveness of X-ray protective garment	9
Four-dimensional carbon-ion pencil beam treatment planning comparison between robust optimization and range-adapted internal target volume for respiratory-gated liver and lung treatment	9
Monte Carlo calculated beam quality correction factors for two cylindrical ionization chambers in photon beams	9
Multi-centre and multi-vendor reproducibility of a standardized protocol for quantitative susceptibility Mapping of the human brain at 3T	9
Making radiotherapy more efficient with FAIR data	9
Impact of spherical applicator diameter on relative biologic effectiveness of low energy IORT X-rays: A hybrid Monte Carlo study	9
Measuring the dose in bone for spine stereotactic body radiotherapy	9
Dosimetric response of a glass dosimeter in proton beams: LET-dependence and correction factor	9
Recommendations for the use of active personal dosemeters (APDs) in interventional workplaces in hospitals	8
Assessment of a conventional volumetric-modulated arc therapy knowledge-based planning model applied to the new Halcyon© O-ring linac in locoregional breast cancer radiotherapy	8
Commissioning and clinical implementation of Mobius3D and MobiusFX: Experience on multiple linear accelerators	8
Effective dose and image quality for intraoperative imaging with a cone-beam CT and a mobile multi-slice CT in spinal surgery: A phantom study	8
3D-printed patient-specific pelvis phantom for dosimetry measurements for prostate stereotactic radiotherapy with dominant intraprostatic lesion boost	8
The status of medical physics in radiotherapy in China	8
Dosimetry procedure to verify dose in High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatment of cancer patients: A systematic review	8
Generative models improve radiomics performance in different tasks and different datasets: An experimental study	8
Enhanced phase retrieval via deep concatenation networks for in-line X-ray phase contrast imaging	8
Multi-center planning study of radiosurgery for intracranial metastases through Automation (MC-PRIMA) by crowdsourcing prior web-based plan challenge study	8
Monte Carlo-based patient internal dosimetry in fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures: A review	8
Dual-domain sparse-view CT reconstruction with Transformers	8
Evaluation of correlation between intrafractional residual setup errors and accumulation of delivered dose distributions in single isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy for multiple brain metasta	8
Near real-time magnetic particle imaging for visual assessment of vascular stenosis in a phantom model	8
Robustness and reproducibility of radiomics in T2 weighted images from magnetic resonance image guided linear accelerator in a phantom study	8
Prediction of DNA rejoining kinetics and cell survival after proton irradiation for V79 cells using Geant4-DNA	8
The impact of treatment parameter variation on secondary neutron spectra in high-energy electron beam radiotherapy	8
Simulated four-dimensional CT for markerless tumor tracking using a deep learning network with multi-task learning	8
On the evaluation of edgeless diode detectors for patient-specific QA in high-dose stereotactic radiosurgery	8
European consensus on patient contact shielding	8
On dose cube pixel spacing pre-processing for features extraction stability in dosiomic studies	8
Evaluating suggested stricter gamma criteria for linac-based patient-specific delivery QA in the conventional and SBRT environments	8
Monte Carlo study of patient and medical staff radiation exposures during interventional cardiology	8
Triple channel analysis of Gafchromic EBT3 irradiated with clinical carbon-ion beams	8
Comparisons of glandular breast dose between digital mammography, tomosynthesis and breast CT based on anthropomorphic patient-derived breast phantoms	8
Towards estimating the carbon footprint of external beam radiotherapy	8
Institutional Diagnostic Reference Levels and Peak Skin Doses in selected diagnostic and therapeutic interventional radiology procedures	8
Implementation of volumetric-modulated arc therapy for locally advanced breast cancer patients: Dosimetric comparison with deliverability consideration of planning techniques and predictions of patien	8
Geant4-DNA simulation of human cancer cells irradiation with helium ion beams	8
Improved healthy tissue sparing in proton therapy of lung tumors using statistically sound robust optimization and evaluation	8
Artificial intelligence and the medical physics profession - A Swedish perspective	8
Surgivisio® and O-arm®O2 cone beam CT mobile systems for guidance of lumbar spine surgery: Comparison of patient radiation dose	7
Photoneutron-induced damage reduction for cardiac implantable electronic devices using neutron-shielding sheets in high-energy X-ray radiotherapy: A phantom study	7
In phantom evaluation of targeting accuracy in MRI-based brain radiosurgery	7
Investigating DWI changes in white matter of meningioma patients treated with proton therapy	7
Patient size as a parameter for determining Diagnostic Reference Levels for paediatric Computed Tomography (CT) procedures	7
Minimum non-isotropic and asymmetric margins for taking into account intrafraction prostate motion during moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy	7
Assessment of single isocenter linear accelerator radiosurgery for metastases and base of skull lesions	7
Dose distribution correction for the influence of magnetic field using a deep convolutional neural network for online MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy	7
Accuracy of skin dose mapping in interventional cardiology: Comparison of 10 software products following a common protocol	7
Performance assessment of surface-guided radiation therapy and patient setup in head-and-neck and breast cancer patients based on statistical process control	7
Delta4 Discover transmission detector: A comprehensive characterization for in-vivo VMAT monitoring	7
Validation of the TOPAS Monte Carlo toolkit for LDR brachytherapy simulations	7
Education, training and registration of Medical Physics Experts across Europe	7
Analysis of the amplitude changes and baseline shifts of respiratory motion using intra-fractional CBCT in liver stereotactic body radiation therapy	7
Enterprise imaging and big data: A review from a medical physics perspective	7
Clinical translation of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers – An overview and gap analysis of current practice	7
Validation and testing of a novel pencil-beam model derived from Monte Carlo simulations in carbon-ion treatment planning for different scenarios	7
Effectiveness of staff radiation protection devices for interventional cardiology procedures	7
Ultrasound-assisted investigation of photon triggered vaporization of poly(vinylalcohol) phase-change nanodroplets: A preliminary concept study with dosimetry perspective	7
Centiloid scale analysis for 18F-THK5351 PET imaging in Alzheimer’s disease	7
Conditional generative adversarial networks to generate pseudo low monoenergetic CT image from a single-tube voltage CT scanner	7
Adapting a low-count acquisition of the bone scintigraphy using deep denoising super-resolution convolutional neural network	7
Addressing signal alterations induced in CT images by deep learning processing: A preliminary phantom study	7
Prompt-gamma fall-off estimation with C-ion irradiation at clinical energies, using a knife-edge slit camera: A Monte Carlo study	7
Optically stimulated luminescence system as an alternative for radiochromic film for 2D reference dosimetry in UHDR electron beams	7
Characterization of passive dosimeters in proton pencil beam scanning – A EURADOS intercomparison for mailed dosimetry audits in proton therapy centres	7
RESUME : A flexible class of multi-parameter qMRI protocols	7
Comparison of rigid and deformable coregistration between mpMRI and CT images in radiotherapy of prostate bed cancer recurrence	7
An empirical artifact correction for proton computed tomography	7
Estimation of delivered dose to lung tumours considering setup uncertainties and breathing motion in a cohort of patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy	7
Proof-of-concept of DosiTest: A virtual multicentric clinical trial for assessing uncertainties in molecular radiotherapy dosimetry	7
FLUKA simulation of target fragmentation in proton therapy	7