Psychological Methods

Article	Citations
How survey scoring decisions can influence your study’s results: A trip through the IRT looking glass.	459
Relative importance analysis in multiple mediator models.	269
Evaluating statistical fit of confirmatory bifactor models: Updated recommendations and a review of current practice.	184
Supplemental Material for Causal Inference for Treatment Effects in Partially Nested Designs	177
Supplemental Material for Impact of Temporal Order Selection on Clustering Intensive Longitudinal Data Based on Vector Autoregressive Models	175
Supplemental Material for Why the Use of Segmented Regression Analysis to Explore Change in Relations Between Variables Is Problematic: A Simulation Study	155
A simple recommendation for the analysis of matching data.	132
The accuracy of reliability coefficients: A reanalysis of existing simulations.	102
Situational optimization function analysis: An ideal performance analysis inspired on Lewin’s equation.	91
Evaluation of inequality constrained hypotheses using a generalization of the AIC.	86
Regression discontinuity designs in a latent variable framework.	83
Subgroup discovery in structural equation models.	77
Waldian t tests: Sequential Bayesian t tests with controlled error probabilities.	73
Multiple imputation of missing data in large studies with many variables: A fully conditional specification approach using partial least squares.	62
Multivariate analysis of covariance for heterogeneous and incomplete data.	58
Correcting for collider effects and sample selection bias in psychological research.	51
Supplemental Material for Subgroup Discovery in Structural Equation Models	48
Supplemental Material for Cross-Level Covariance Approach to the Disaggregation of Between-Person Effect and Within-Person Effect	46
The influence of autoregressive relation strength and search strategy on directionality recovery in group iterative multiple model estimation.	45
Using copulas to enable causal inference from nonexperimental data: Tutorial and simulation studies.	45
Estimating time-varying treatment effects in longitudinal studies.	45
Bayesian regularization in multiple-indicators multiple-causes models.	43
Effect size guidelines for cross-lagged effects.	42
Practical challenges and methodological flexibility in prior elicitation.	39
Supplemental Material for Are Factor Scores Measurement Invariant?	39

Estimating curvilinear time-varying treatment effects: Combining g-estimation of structural nested mean models with time-varying effect models for longitudinal causal inference.	38
Is exploratory factor analysis always to be preferred? A systematic comparison of factor analytic techniques throughout the confirmatory–exploratory continuum.	38
Supplemental Material for The Influence of Autoregressive Relation Strength and Search Strategy on Directionality Recovery in Group Iterative Multiple Model Estimation	37
Supplemental Material for Extending Mixture of Experts Model to Investigate Heterogeneity of Trajectories: When, Where, and How to Add Which Covariates	36
Supplemental Material for Assessing an Alternative for “Negative Variance Components”: A Gentle Introduction to Bayesian Covariance Structure Modeling for Negative Associations Among Patients With Per	33
Supplemental Material for Improved Confidence Intervals for Differences Between Standardized Effect Sizes	32
Supplemental Material for To Detrend, or Not to Detrend, That Is the Question? The Effects of Detrending on Cross-Lagged Effects in Panel Models	31
Improved confidence intervals for differences between standardized effect sizes.	28
Latent growth factors as predictors of distal outcomes.	28
Optimal sampling rates for reliable continuous-time first-order autoregressive and vector autoregressive modeling.	27
Causal inference for treatment effects in partially nested designs.	27
Simulation studies for methodological research in psychology: A standardized template for planning, preregistration, and reporting.	26
Modeling construct change over time amidst potential changes in construct measurement: A longitudinal moderated factor analysis approach.	26
A practical guide to selecting and blending approaches for clustered data: Clustered errors, multilevel models, and fixed-effect models.	25
Consequences of sampling frequency on the estimated dynamics of AR processes using continuous-time models.	25
Reporting standards for psychological network analyses in cross-sectional data.	24
Who is and is not “average”? Random effects selection with spike-and-slab priors.	24
How to apply variable selection machine learning algorithms with multiply imputed data: A missing discussion.	24
Improving hierarchical models of individual differences: An extension of Goldberg’s bass-ackward method.	23
Estimating the number of factors in exploratory factor analysis via out-of-sample prediction errors.	22
Supplemental Material for New Computations for RMSEA and CFI Following FIML and TS Estimation With Missing Data	21
Network science in psychology.	21
Supplemental Material for The Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve (or Mean Ridit) as an Effect Size	21
Causal definitions versus casual estimation: Reply to Valente et al. (2022).	20
Reassessing the fitting propensity of factor models.	20
The Bayesian reservoir model of psychological regulation.	20
Controlling for cohort effects in accelerated longitudinal designs using continuous- and discrete-time dynamic models.	20
Using natural language processing and machine learning to replace human content coders.	19
Better power by design: Permuted-subblock randomization boosts power in repeated-measures experiments.	19
Percentage of variance accounted for in structural equation models: The rediscovery of the goodness of fit index.	18
Evaluating avoidable heterogeneity in exploratory factor analysis results.	18
So is it better than something else? Using the results of a random-effects meta-analysis to characterize the magnitude of an effect size as a percentile.	18
Statistical power and optimal design for randomized controlled trials investigating mediation effects.	18
Supplemental Material for Model-Based Incremental Validity	18
Assessing measurement invariance with moderated nonlinear factor analysis using the R package OpenMx.	17
Supplemental Material for Comparing Network Structures on Three Aspects: A Permutation Test	17
Invited commentary: Comparing the independent segments procedure with group sequential designs.	17
Supplemental Material for Workflow Techniques for the Robust Use of Bayes Factors	17
Supplemental Material for Multilevel Meta-Analysis of Single-Case Experimental Designs Using Robust Variance Estimation	17
Causal relationships in longitudinal observational data: An integrative modeling approach.	16
Supplemental Material for Iterated Community Detection in Psychological Networks	16
Mixture multilevel vector-autoregressive modeling.	16
What are the mathematical bounds for coefficient α?	16
Generalized Gaussian signal detection theory: A unified signal detection framework for confidence data analysis.	16
The potential of preregistration in psychology: Assessing preregistration producibility and preregistration-study consistency.	15
Identification of careless responding in ecological momentary assessment research: From posthoc analyses to real-time data monitoring.	15
Supplemental Material for Cross-Lagged Panel Modeling With Binary and Ordinal Outcomes	15
Can cross-lagged panel modeling be relied on to establish cross-lagged effects? The case of contemporaneous and reciprocal effects.	15
Supplemental Material for Interactions of Scores Derived From Two Groups of Variables: Alternating Lasso Regularization Avoids Overfitting and Finds Interpretable Scores	15
Cross-level covariance approach to the disaggregation of between-person effect and within-person effect.	15

Supplemental Material for A Primer on Synthesizing Individual Participant Data Obtained From Complex Sampling Surveys: A Two-Stage IPD Meta-Analysis Approach	15
Supplemental Material for A True Score Imputation Method to Account for Psychometric Measurement Error	15
Supplemental Material for Pooling Methods for Likelihood Ratio Tests in Multiply Imputed Data Sets	14
Supplemental Material for The Microrandomized Trial for Developing Digital Interventions: Experimental Design and Data Analysis Considerations	14
Extending the actor-partner interdependence model to accommodate multivariate dyadic data using latent variables.	14
Supplemental Material for A Tutorial on Using Generative Models to Advance Psychological Science: Lessons From the Reliability Paradox	14
Interpretable machine learning for psychological research: Opportunities and pitfalls.	14
Power analysis to detect misfit in SEMs with many items: Resolving unrecognized problems, relating old and new approaches, and “matching” power analysis approach to data analysis approach.	14
Modeling categorical time-to-event data: The example of social interaction dynamics captured with event-contingent experience sampling methods.	14
Supplemental Material for Harvesting Heterogeneity: Selective Expertise Versus Machine Learning	14
Using synthetic data to improve the reproducibility of statistical results in psychological research.	14
Are factor scores measurement invariant?	14
Supplemental Material for Thinking Clearly About Time-Invariant Confounders in Cross-Lagged Panel Models: A Guide for Choosing a Statistical Model From a Causal Inference Perspective	13
Unidim: An index of scale homogeneity and unidimensionality.	12
Mediation analysis using Bayesian tree ensembles.	12
Correcting bias in extreme groups design using a missing data approach.	12
Reassessment of innovative methods to determine the number of factors: A simulation-based comparison of exploratory graph analysis and next eigenvalue sufficiency test.	12
How to develop, test, and extend multinomial processing tree models: A tutorial.	12
Tutorial: Artificial neural networks to analyze single-case experimental designs.	12
How within-person effects shape between-person differences: A multilevel structural equation modeling perspective.	12
The reproducibility of statistical results in psychological research: An investigation using unpublished raw data.	11
Supplemental Material for Evaluating Classification Performance: Receiver Operating Characteristic and Expected Utility	11
Supplemental Material for Aberrant Distortion of Variance Components in Multilevel Models Under Conflation of Level-Specific Effects	11
A tutorial on bayesian networks for psychopathology researchers.	11
The sum of all fears: Comparing networks based on symptom sum-scores.	11
Supplemental Material for Can Cross-Lagged Panel Modeling Be Relied on to Establish Cross-Lagged Effects? The Case of Contemporaneous and Reciprocal Effects	11
The relationship between the phi coefficient and the unidimensionality index H: Improving psychological scaling from the ground up.	10
Thinking clearly about time-invariant confounders in cross-lagged panel models: A guide for choosing a statistical model from a causal inference perspective.	10
Harnessing the power of excess statistical significance: Weighted and iterative least squares.	10
Estimating knots and their association in parallel bilinear spline growth curve models in the framework of individual measurement occasions.	10
Local minima and factor rotations in exploratory factor analysis.	10
Prior sensitivity of null hypothesis Bayesian testing.	10
Multilevel meta-analysis of single-case experimental designs using robust variance estimation.	10
Bayesian approaches to designing replication studies.	10
How do unobserved confounding mediators and measurement error impact estimated mediation effects and corresponding statistical inferences? Introducing the R package ConMed for sensitivity analysis.	10
Spectral and cross-spectral analysis—A tutorial for psychologists and social scientists.	9
Supplemental Material for Reliability and Omega Hierarchical in Multidimensional Data: A Comparison of Various Estimators	9
Supplemental Material for Factor Analyzing Ordinal Items Requires Substantive Knowledge of Response Marginals	9
Modeling individual differences in the timing of change onset and offset.	9
Supplemental Material for Reconsideration of the Type I Error Rate for Psychological Science in the Era of Replication	9
Supplemental Material for Coefficients of Determination Measured on the Same Scale as the Outcome: Alternatives to R2 That Use Standard Deviations Instead of Explained Variance	9
Supplemental Material for Bayesian Inference for Evidence Accumulation Models With Regressors	9
Factorization of person response profiles to identify summative profiles carrying central response patterns.	9
Supplemental Material for The Use of Large Language Models for Qualitative Research: The Deep Computational Text Analyser (DECOTA)	9
Acknowledgment of Ad Hoc Reviewers	9
Extending mixture of experts model to investigate heterogeneity of trajectories: When, where, and how to add which covariates.	9
Improving inferential analyses predata and postdata.	8
Supplemental Material for Causal Relationships in Longitudinal Observational Data: An Integrative Modeling Approach	8
Supplemental Material for Testing Bipolarity	8
Detecting mediation effects with the Bayes factor: Performance evaluation and tools for sample size determination.	8
Supplemental Material for The Henseler-Ogasawara Specification of Composites in Structural Equation Modeling: A Tutorial	8
Dyadic analysis and the reciprocal one-with-many model: Extending the study of interpersonal processes with intensive longitudinal data.	8
Misspecification and unreliable interpretations in psychology and social science.	8
Model specification for nonlinearity and heterogeneity of regression in randomized pretest posttest studies: Practical solutions for missing data.	8
Supplemental Material for A Causal Research Pipeline and Tutorial for Psychologists and Social Scientists	8
The Bayes factor, HDI-ROPE, and frequentist equivalence tests can all be reverse engineered—Almost exactly—From one another: Reply to Linde et al. (2021).	8
A tutorial on using generative models to advance psychological science: Lessons from the reliability paradox.	8
Unlocking nonlinear dynamics and multistability from intensive longitudinal data: A novel method.	8
Semantic network analysis (SemNA): A tutorial on preprocessing, estimating, and analyzing semantic networks.	7
Assessing the fitting propensity of factor models.	7
Supplemental Material for Modeling Categorical Time-to-Event Data: The Example of Social Interaction Dynamics Captured With Event-Contingent Experience Sampling Methods	7
Robust Bayesian meta-regression: Model-averaged moderation analysis in the presence of publication bias.	7
Ten frequently asked questions about latent transition analysis.	7
Supplemental Material for A Comparison of Random Forest-Based Missing Imputation Methods for Covariates in Propensity Score Analysis	7
Supplemental Material for Which Estimation Method to Choose in Network Psychometrics? Deriving Guidelines for Applied Researchers	7
Linear mixed models and latent growth curve models for group comparison studies contaminated by outliers.	7
Updated guidelines on selecting an intraclass correlation coefficient for interrater reliability, with applications to incomplete observational designs.	7
A tutorial on assessing statistical power and determining sample size for structural equation models.	7
A simple Monte Carlo method for estimating power in multilevel designs.	7
Supplemental Material for Using Structural Equation Modeling to Study Traits and States in Intensive Longitudinal Data	7
Lagged multidimensional recurrence quantification analysis for determining leader–follower relationships within multidimensional time series.	6
Disentangling effect size heterogeneity in meta-analysis: A latent mixture approach.	6
Supplemental Material for Evaluating Statistical Fit of Confirmatory Bifactor Models: Updated Recommendations and a Review of Current Practice	6
A Bayesian region of measurement equivalence (ROME) approach for establishing measurement invariance.	6
Power contours: Optimising sample size and precision in experimental psychology and human neuroscience.	6
The case for the curve: Parametric regression with second- and third-order polynomial functions of predictors should be routine.	6
Estimating and investigating multiple constructs multiple indicators social relations models with and without roles within the traditional structural equation modeling framework: A tutorial.	6
A deep learning method for comparing Bayesian hierarchical models.	6
Curbing curbstoning: Distributional methods to detect survey data fabrication by third-parties.	6
Seeing the impossible: Visualizing latent variable models with flexplavaan.	6

Extending growth mixture model to assess heterogeneity in joint development with piecewise linear trajectories in the framework of individual measurement occasions.	6
A posterior expected value approach to decision-making in the multiphase optimization strategy for intervention science.	6
Modeling careless responding in ambulatory assessment studies using multilevel latent class analysis: Factors influencing careless responding.	6
Information theory, machine learning, and Bayesian networks in the analysis of dichotomous and Likert responses for questionnaire psychometric validation.	6
Analyzing discontinuities in longitudinal count data: A multilevel generalized linear mixed model.	6
A revised and expanded taxonomy for understanding heterogeneity in research and reporting practices.	6
Supplemental Material for Estimation of Planned and Unplanned Missing Individual Scores in Longitudinal Designs Using Continuous-Time State-Space Models	5
Supplemental Material for Unlocking Nonlinear Dynamics and Multistability From Intensive Longitudinal Data: A Novel Method	5
Random item slope regression: An alternative measurement model that accounts for both similarities and differences in association with individual items.	5
A causal theory of error scores.	5
Supplemental Material for Latent Growth Mixture Models as Latent Variable Multigroup Factor Models: Comment on McNeish et al. (2023)	5
Mixture multigroup factor analysis for unraveling factor loading noninvariance across many groups.	5
Regression with reduced rank predictor matrices: A model of trade-offs.	5
Comparing theories with the Ising model of explanatory coherence.	5
Alternative sequential methods in statistical testing: A reply to Lakens (2021) and Erdfelder and Schnuerch (2021).	5
Supplemental Material for Scoring Assessments in Multisite Randomized Control Trials: Examining the Sensitivity of Treatment Effect Estimates to Measurement Choices	5
Reconsideration of the type I error rate for psychological science in the era of replication.	5
A tool to simulate and visualize dyadic interaction dynamics.	5
Estimating the change in meta-analytic effect size estimates after the application of publication bias adjustment methods.	5
Testing informative hypotheses in factor analysis models using bayes factors.	4
Bayesian (non)linear random effects mediation models: Evaluating the impact of omitting confounders.	4
Scaling and estimation of latent growth models with categorical indicator variables.	4
Supplemental Material for Multivariate Analysis of Covariance for Heterogeneous and Incomplete Data	4
The sensitivity of structural equation modeling with ordinal data to underlying non-normality and observed distributional forms.	4
Supplemental Material for Correcting Bias in Extreme Groups Design Using a Missing Data Approach	4
Supplemental Material for Solving Variables With Monte Carlo Simulation Experiments: A Stochastic Root-Solving Approach	4
Latent growth mixture models as latent variable multigroup factor models: Comment on McNeish et al. (2023).	4
Supplemental Material for Empirical Selection of Referent Variables: Comparing Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause-Interaction Modeling and Moderated Nonlinear Factor Analysis	4
Supplemental Material for Centering Categorical Predictors in Multilevel Models: Best Practices and Interpretation	4
Supplemental Material for An Introduction to Model Implied Instrumental Variables Using Two Stage Least Squares (MIIV-2SLS) in Structural Equation Models (SEMs)	4
Testing similarity in longitudinal networks: The Individual Network Invariance Test.	4
Supplemental Material for Regularized Continuous Time Structural Equation Models: A Network Perspective	4
Reliability in unidimensional ordinal data: A comparison of continuous and ordinal estimators.	4
Supplemental Material for Inference With Cross-Lagged Effects—Problems in Time	4
How to conduct an integrative mixed methods meta-analysis: A tutorial for the systematic review of quantitative and qualitative evidence.	4
A screen-time-based mixture model for identifying and monitoring careless and insufficient effort responding in ecological momentary assessment data.	4
Dynamic structural equation modeling with floor effects.	4
The text-package: An R-package for analyzing and visualizing human language using natural language processing and transformers.	4
Supplemental Material for Factor Score Estimation in Multimethod Measurement Designs With Planned Missing Data	4
Monte Carlo simulations using extant data to mimic populations: Applications to the modified linear probability model and logistic regression.	4
Missing data in experiments: Challenges and solutions.	3
Improving the probability of reaching correct conclusions about congruence hypotheses: Integrating statistical equivalence testing into response surface analysis.	3
Supplemental Material for The Text-Package: An R-Package for Analyzing and Visualizing Human Language Using Natural Language Processing and Transformers	3
Meta-analyzing the multiverse: A peek under the hood of selective reporting.	3
Sample size planning for replication studies: The devil is in the design.	3
Know your population and know your model: Using model-based regression and poststratification to generalize findings beyond the observed sample.	3
Supplemental Material for Investigating the Feasibility of Idiographic Network Models	3
How should we model the effect of “change”—Or should we?	3
One step at a time: A statistical approach for distinguishing mediators, confounders, and colliders using direction dependence analysis.	3
Evaluating multinomial order restrictions with bridge sampling.	3
True and error analysis instead of test of correlated proportions: Can we save lexicographic semiorder models with error theory?	3
On the efficiency of the independent segments procedure: A direct comparison with sequential probability ratio tests.	3
Supplemental Material for Correcting Bias in the Meta-Analysis of Correlations	3
Supplemental Material for Two-Stage Path Analysis With Definition Variables: An Alternative Framework to Account for Measurement Error	3
Supplemental Material for Dynamic Factor Analysis With Multivariate Time Series of Multiple Individuals: An Error-Corrected Estimation Method	3
Multidimensional nonadditivity in one-facet g-theory designs: A profile analytic approach.	3
Supplemental Material for A Sensitivity Analysis for Temporal Bias in Cross-Sectional Mediation	3
Workflow techniques for the robust use of bayes factors.	3
Learning to live with sampling variability: Expected replicability in partial correlation networks.	3
A primer on synthesizing individual participant data obtained from complex sampling surveys: A two-stage IPD meta-analysis approach.	3
New measures of effect size in moderation analysis.	3
Supplemental Material for A Factored Regression Model for Composite Scores With Item-Level Missing Data	3
Supplemental Material for Experiments in Daily Life: When Causal Within-Person Effects Do (Not) Translate Into Between-Person Differences	3
Anticipating critical transitions in psychological systems using early warning signals: Theoretical and practical considerations.	3
A systematic review of and reflection on the applications of factor mixture modeling.	3
Supplemental Material for How Do Unobserved Confounding Mediators and Measurement Error Impact Estimated Mediation Effects and Corresponding Statistical Inferences? Introducing the R Package ConMed fo	3
Correcting for the multiplicative and additive effects of measurement unreliability in meta-analysis of correlations.	3
Data-driven covariate selection for confounding adjustment by focusing on the stability of the effect estimator.	3
Spurious inference in consensus emergence modeling due to the distinguishability problem.	3
Conditional process analysis for two-instance repeated-measures designs.	2
Distributionally weighted least squares in structural equation modeling.	2
Supplemental Material for Reliability in Unidimensional Ordinal Data: A Comparison of Continuous and Ordinal Estimators	2
Supplemental Material for Bayesian Continuous-Time Hidden Markov Models With Covariate Selection for Intensive Longitudinal Data With Measurement Error	2
Supplemental Material for Demystifying Omega Squared: Practical Guidance for Effect Size in Common Analysis of Variance Designs	2
Supplemental Material for Trying to Outrun Causality With Machine Learning: Limitations of Model Explainability Techniques for Exploratory Research	2
Supplemental Material for Weighting Schemes and Incomplete Data: A Generalized Bayesian Framework for Chance-Corrected Interrater Agreement	2
Weighting schemes and incomplete data: A generalized Bayesian framework for chance-corrected interrater agreement.	2
Parsimony in model selection: Tools for assessing fit propensity.	2
Supplemental Material for Missing Not at Random Intensive Longitudinal Data With Dynamic Structural Equation Models	2
Everything has its price: Foundations of cost-sensitive machine learning and its application in psychology.	2
A peculiarity in psychological measurement practices.	2
Deep learning: A primer for psychologists.	2
Supplemental Material for Out of Bounds? The Boundary Specification Problem for Centrality in Psychological Networks	2
A general Monte Carlo method for sample size analysis in the context of network models.	2
Regularized continuous time structural equation models: A network perspective.	2
A structural after measurement approach to structural equation modeling.	2
Which estimation method to choose in network psychometrics? Deriving guidelines for applied researchers.	2
A tutorial on regression-based norming of psychological tests with GAMLSS.	2
Missing not at random intensive longitudinal data with dynamic structural equation models.	2
Iterated community detection in psychological networks.	2
Supplemental Material for Generalized Gaussian Signal Detection Theory: A Unified Signal Detection Framework for Confidence Data Analysis	2
Supplemental Material for Measurement Invariance Testing Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Alignment Optimization: A Tutorial for Transparent Analysis Planning and Reporting	2
A review of applications of the Bayes factor in psychological research.	2
A tutorial on ordinary differential equations in behavioral science: What does physics teach us?	2
Misbegotten methodologies and forgotten lessons from Tom Swift’s electric factor analysis machine: A demonstration with competing structural models of p	2