OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Progress in Photovoltaics is 2. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-11-01 to 2024-11-01.)

Article	Citations
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 57)	883
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 60)	473
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 58)	389
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 61)	310
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 62)	304
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 59)	257
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 63)	163
Light trapping in thin silicon solar cells: A review on fundamentals and technologies	83
The race for the best silicon bottom cell: Efficiency and cost evaluation of perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells	70
Two‐terminal III–V//Si triple‐junction solar cell with power conversion efficiency of 35.9 % at AM1.5g	56
Progress in the understanding of light‐ and elevated temperature‐induced degradation in silicon solar cells: A review	56
Innovative floating bifacial photovoltaic solutions for inland water areas	51
Carrier‐selective contacts using metal compounds for crystalline silicon solar cells	50
Updated sustainability status of crystalline silicon‐based photovoltaic systems: Life‐cycle energy and environmental impact reduction trends	50
Upscaling of perovskite solar modules: The synergy of fully evaporated layer fabrication and all‐laser‐scribed interconnections	45
Computer vision tool for detection, mapping, and fault classification of photovoltaics modules in aerial IR videos	45
Silicon‐based passivating contacts: The TOPCon route	43
How band tail recombination influences the open‐circuit voltage of solar cells	41
UV‐induced degradation of high‐efficiency silicon PV modules with different cell architectures	37
Review of technology specific degradation in crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium selenide, dye sensitised, organic and perovskite solar cells in photovoltaic modules: Underst	37
Deep learning‐based automatic detection of multitype defects in photovoltaic modules and application in real production line	36
Life cycle energy demand and carbon emissions of scalable single‐junction and tandem perovskite PV	35
Fault detection and diagnosis in photovoltaic panels by radiometric sensors embedded in unmanned aerial vehicles	33
Printing technologies for silicon solar cell metallization: A comprehensive review	33
Achieving 23.83% conversion efficiency in silicon heterojunction solar cell with ultra‐thin MoO_x hole collector layer via tailoring (i)a‐Si:H/MoO_x interface	32

Effect of TiO₂ layer thickness of TiO₂/NiO transparent photovoltaics	31
Progress of plated metallization for industrial bifacial TOPCon silicon solar cells	31
Progress, challenges, and perspectives on polymer substrates for emerging flexible solar cells: A holistic panoramic review	30
International collaboration framework for the calculation of performance loss rates: Data quality, benchmarks, and trends (towards a uniform methodology)	30
Heat loss coefficients computed for floating PV modules	29
Towards bifacial silicon heterojunction solar cells with reduced TCO use	28
A route towards high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	28
On the application of hole‐selective MoO_x as full‐area rear contact for industrial scale p‐type c‐Si solar cells	27
Photovoltaic fleet degradation insights	27
Reflecting the energy transition from a European perspective and in the global context—Relevance of solar photovoltaics benchmarking two ambitious scenarios	26
Performance analysis outcome of a 19‐MWp commercial solar photovoltaic plant with fixed‐tilt, adjustable‐tilt, and solar tracking configurations	26
Electrode metallization for scaled perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: Challenges and opportunities	25
24.58% efficient commercial n‐type silicon solar cells with hydrogenation	25
Review of the mechanisms for the phonon bottleneck effect in III–V semiconductors and their application for efficient hot carrier solar cells	25
III‐V//Cu_xIn_1−yGa_ySe₂ multijunction solar cells with 27.2% efficiency fabricated using modified smart stack technology with Pd nanopart	25
Solar cell efficiency tables (Version 64)	24
Onymous early‐life performance degradation analysis of recent photovoltaic module technologies	24
Analysis of the degradation of single‐crystalline silicon modules after 21 years of operation	23
Remanufacturing end‐of‐life silicon photovoltaics: Feasibility and viability analysis	22
Standards development for modules in high temperature micro‐environments	22
Improvements in ultra‐light and flexible epitaxial lift‐off GaInP/GaAs/GaInAs solar cells for space applications	22
Nanocrystalline‐silicon hole contact layers enabling efficiency improvement of silicon heterojunction solar cells: Impact of nanostructure evolution on solar cell performance	22
Long‐term degradation rate of crystalline silicon PV modules at commercial PV plants: An 82‐MWp assessment over 10 years	22
The silver learning curve for photovoltaics and projected silver demand for net‐zero emissions by 2050	22
Interface engineering of ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ solar cells on reflective back contacts	22
CZTSSe/Zn(O,S) heterojunction solar cells with 9.82% efficiency enabled via (NH₄)₂S treatment of absorber layer	21
Power conversion efficiency of 25.26% for silicon heterojunction solar cell with transition metal element doped indium oxide transparent conductive film as front electrode	21
Improved silicon optical parameters at 25°C, 295 K and 300 K including temperature coefficients	21
Designing innovative solutions for solar‐powered electric mobility applications	21
Curve correction of vehicle‐integrated photovoltaics using statistics on commercial car bodies	21
Effects of (i)a‐Si:H deposition temperature on high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	20
The sputter deposition of broadband transparent and highly conductive cerium and hydrogen co‐doped indium oxide and its transfer to silicon heterojunction solar cells	20
Ultra‐thin GaAs solar cells with nanophotonic metal‐dielectric diffraction gratings fabricated with displacement Talbot lithography	20
Temperature coefficients of degraded crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules at outdoor conditions	20
What is going on with Middle Eastern solar prices, and what does it mean for the rest of us?	20
Miniaturization of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge solar cells for micro‐concentrator photovoltaics	19
Silicon solar cells with passivating contacts: Classification and performance	18
Industrialization of hybrid Si/III–V and translucent planar micro‐tracking modules	18
Power rating procedure of hybrid concentrator/flat‐plate photovoltaic bifacial modules	17
Measured power conversion efficiencies of bifacial luminescent solar concentrator photovoltaic devices of the mosaic series	17
Morphology, microstructure, and doping behaviour: A comparison between different deposition methods for poly‐Si/SiO_x passivating contacts	17
Sodium doping of solution‐processed amine‐thiol based CIGS solar cells by thermal evaporation of NaCl	17
Experimental coupling process efficiency and benefits of back surface reflectors in photovoltaic multi‐junction photonic power converters	17
Near surface defects: Cause of deficit between internal and external open‐circuit voltage in solar cells	16
Performance of shingled solar modules under partial shading	16
Comparative degradation analysis of different photovoltaic technologies on experimentally simulated water bodies and estimation of evaporation loss reduction	16
Fourteen percent efficiency ultrathin silicon solar cells with improved infrared light management enabled by hole‐selective transition metal oxide full‐area rear passivating contacts	16
Influence of Ga back grading on voltage loss in low‐temperature co‐evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells	16
Comparison of Mo and ITO back contacts in CIGSe solar cells: Vanishing of the main capacitance step	16
Determining the optimal standard test condition correction procedure for high‐throughput field I–V measurements of photovoltaic modules	16

Anomaly detection in IR images of PV modules using supervised contrastive learning	16
Impact of interconnection failure on photovoltaic module performance	15
Optimized front TCO and metal grid electrode for module‐integrated perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells	15
Wet leakage resistance development of modules with various backsheet types	15
Failure diagnosis and trend‐based performance losses routines for the detection and classification of incidents in large‐scale photovoltaic systems	15
Very thin crystalline silicon cells: A way to improve the photovoltaic performance at elevated temperatures	15
Polysilicon contact structures for silicon solar cells using atomic layer deposited oxides and nitrides as ultra‐thin dielectric interlayers	15
Holistic design improvement of the PV module frame: Mechanical, optoelectrical, cost, and life cycle analysis	15
High time resolution measurement of solar irradiance onto driving car body for vehicle integrated photovoltaics	15
Laser‐enhanced contact optimization oniTOPCon solar cells	15
Identification of suitable sites for large‐scale photovoltaic installations through a geographic information system and analytical hierarchy process combination: A case study in Marrakesh‐Safi region,	15
Atomic scale controlled tunnel oxide enabled by a novel industrial tube‐based PEALD technology with demonstrated commercial TOPCon cell efficiencies > 24%	14
Wafer‐scale Ge epitaxial foils grown at high growth rates and released from porous substrates for triple‐junction solar cells	14
Mechanical stacked GaAs//CuIn_1−yGa_ySe₂three‐junction solar cells with 30% efficiency via an improved bonding interface and area current‐matching techniqu	14
Oxygen‐alloyed poly‐Si passivating contacts for high‐thermal budget c‐Si heterojunction solar cells	14
Ultra‐thin electron collectors based on nc‐Si:H for high‐efficiency silicon heterojunction solar cells	14
LeTID mitigation via an adapted firing process in p‐type PERC cells from SMART cast‐monocrystalline, Czochralski and high‐performance multicrystalline silicon	14
Towards market commercialization: Lifecycle economic and environmental evaluation of scalable perovskite solar cells	14
Technology evolution of the photovoltaic industry: Learning from history and recent progress	14
Damp‐heat induced degradation in photovoltaic modules manufactured with passivated emitter and rear contact solar cells	14
Towards a successful re‐use of decommissioned photovoltaic modules	14
Rear interface engineering of kesterite Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ solar cells by adding CuGaSe₂ thin layers	13
Firing stability of tube furnace‐annealed n‐type poly‐Si on oxide junctions	13
Singlet fission and tandem solar cells reduce thermal degradation and enhance lifespan	13
Impact on generation and recombination rate in Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) solar cell for Ag₂S and In₂Se₃ buffer layers with CuSbS₂ back surface	13
Deep‐learning‐based pipeline for module power prediction from electroluminescense measurements	13
Colored optic filters on c‐Si IBC solar cells for building integrated photovoltaic applications	13
How to make PERC suitable for perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells: A simulation study	13
Failure analysis of thin‐film four‐junction inverted metamorphic solar cells	12
An in‐depth field validation of “DUSST”: A novel low‐maintenance soiling measurement device	12
Thin film cadmium telluride solar cells on ultra‐thin glass in low earth orbit—3 years of performance data on the AlSat‐1N CubeSat mission	12
Dye‐sensitized solar cells as promising candidates for underwater photovoltaic applications	12
Electrochemical degradation modes in bifacial silicon photovoltaic modules	12
Chemical and mechanical interfacial degradation in bifacial glass/glass and glass/transparent backsheet photovoltaic modules	12
Limiting mechanisms for photon recycling in thin‐film GaAs solar cells	12
Wide spectral coverage (0.7–2.2 eV) lattice‐matched multijunction solar cells based on AlGaInP, AlGaAs and GaInNAsSb materials	12
Sustainability evaluations on material consumption for terawatt‐scale manufacturing of silicon‐based tandem solar cells	12
Comparison of firing stability between p‐ and n‐type polysilicon passivating contacts	12
Degradation in photovoltaic encapsulant transmittance: Results of the second PVQAT TG5 artificial weathering study	12
Defect engineering in cast mono‐like silicon: A review	12
Techno‐economic analysis of the use of atomic layer deposited transition metal oxides in silicon heterojunction solar cells	12
Advanced analytics on IV curves and electroluminescence images of photovoltaic modules using machine learning algorithms	11
On the chances and challenges of combining electron‐collecting nPOLO and hole‐collecting Al‐p⁺ contacts in highly efficient p‐type c‐Si solar cells	11
Fully printed organic solar modules with bottom and top silver nanowire electrodes	11
Ultra‐efficient intrinsic‐vertical‐tunnel‐junction structures for next‐generation concentrator solar cells	11
Ultrathin GaAs solar cells with a high surface roughness GaP layer for light‐trapping application	11
Perovskite solar cell technology scaling‐up: Eco‐efficient and industrially compatible sub‐module manufacturing by fully ambient air slot‐die/blade meniscus coating	10
Microstructure changes during failure of PVDF‐based photovoltaic backsheets	10
Photoluminescence imaging of silicon modules in a string	10
Performance degradation of commercial Ga‐doped passivated emitter and rear cell solar modules in the field	10
Surface preparation for 10% efficient CZTSe solar cells	10
Distinguishing between different types of multi‐layered PET‐based backsheets of PV modules with near‐infrared spectroscopy	10
Analysis and mitigation of nonuniform soiling distribution on utility‐scale photovoltaic systems	10
Achievement of 25.54% power conversion efficiency by optimization of current losses at the front side of silicon heterojunction solar cells	10
Repair and preventive maintenance of photovoltaic modules with degrading backsheets using flowable silicone sealant	10
Fully screen‐printed silicon solar cells with local Al‐p⁺ and n‐type POLO interdigitated back contacts with a V_OC of 716 mV and an efficiency of 23%	10
Organic/silicon nanowires hybrid solar cells using isobutyltriethoxysilane incorporated poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) as hole transport layer	10
V_OC‐losses across the band gap: Insights from a high‐throughput inline process for CIGS solar cells	10
Identify, analyse and mitigate—Quantification of technical risks in PV power systems	10
Post‐deposition annealing and interfacial atomic layer deposition buffer layers of Sb₂Se₃/CdS stacks for reduced interface recombination and increased open‐circuit voltages	9
Long‐term performance and reliability of silicon heterojunction solar modules	9
Dynamic material flow analysis of silicon photovoltaic modules to support a circular economy transition	9
Double‐sided nano‐textured surfaces for industry compatible high‐performance silicon heterojunction and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells	9
Representative identification of spectra and environments (RISE) using k‐means	9
Recover possibilities of potential induced degradation caused by the micro‐cracked locations in p‐type crystalline silicon solar cells	9
Modelling picosecond and nanosecond laser ablation for prediction of induced damage on textured SiN_x/Si surfaces of Si solar cells	9
Half and full solar cell efficiency binning by deep learning on electroluminescence images	9
Comparative analysis of photovoltaic configurations for agrivoltaic systems in Europe	9
Strategy to mitigate the dipole interfacial states in (i)a‐Si:H/MoO_x passivating contacts solar cells	9
FoilMet^®‐Interconnect: Busbarless, electrically conductive adhesive‐free, and solder‐free aluminum interconnection for modules with shingled solar cells	9
Selective contacts and fill factor limitations in heterojunction solar cells	8
Impact of excitation energy on hot carrier properties in InGaAs multi‐quantum well structure	8
TOPCon shingle solar cells: Thermal laser separation and passivated edge technology	8
Practical limits of multijunction solar cells	8
Impact of illumination and encapsulant resistivity on polarization‐type potential‐induced degradation on n‐PERT cells	8
Hot‐carrier solar cells and improved types using wide‐bandgap energy‐selective contacts	8
Transparent backsheets for bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules: Material characterization and accelerated laboratory testing	8
Analysis of the degradation of amorphous silicon‐based modules after 11 years of exposure by means of IEC60891:2021 procedure 3	8
Interlaboratory comparison of angular‐dependent photovoltaic device measurements: Results and impact on energy rating	8
Post‐mortem analysis of a commercial Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide (CIGS) photovoltaic module after potential induced degradation	8

Crystalline silicon solar cells with thin poly‐SiO_x carrier‐selective passivating contacts for perovskite/c‐Si tandem applications	8
Interface analysis of ultrathin SiO₂ layers between c‐Si substrates and phosphorus‐doped poly‐Si by theoretical surface potential analysis using the injection‐dependent lifetime	8
Luminescence imaging of solar modules in full sunlight using ultranarrow bandpass filters	8
Flexible design of building integrated thin‐film photovoltaics	8
Generalized quantitative electroluminescence method for the performance evaluation of defective and unevenly degraded crystalline silicon photovoltaic module	8
Transparent back‐junction control in Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ absorber for high‐efficiency, color‐neutral, and semitransparent solar module	8
Solar cell UV‐induced degradation or module discolouration: Between the devil and the deep yellow sea	8
Accelerated lifetime testing of thin‐film solar cells at high irradiances and controlled temperatures	8
Novel semi‐transparent solar cell based on ultrathin multiple Si/Ge quantum wells	7
Manufacturing process for III–V multijunction solar cells on germanium substrates with a total thickness below 60 microns	7
Temperature‐dependent performance of silicon heterojunction solar cells with transition‐metal‐oxide‐based selective contacts	7
Unlocking the potential of boronsilicate glass passivation for industrial tunnel oxide passivated contact solar cells	7
SrF_x‐based electron‐selective contact with high tolerance to thickness for crystalline silicon solar cells enabling efficiency over 21%	7
Effects of material properties of band‐gap‐graded Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ thin films on the onset of the quantum efficiency spectra of corresponding solar cells	7
InGaP/GaAs dual‐junction solar cells with AlInGaP passivation layer grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy	7
Costs of utility‐scale photovoltaic systems integration in the future Italian energy scenarios	7
Sustainability of photovoltaic technologies in future net‐zero emissions scenarios	7
Electrical properties of perovskite solar cells by illumination intensity and temperature‐dependent photoluminescence imaging	7
Chlorine‐doped perovskite materials for highly efficient perovskite solar cell design offering an efficiency of nearly 29%	7
Design of shading‐ and hotspot‐resistant shingled modules	7
Progress in three‐terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cells	7
Large area co‐plated bifacial n‐PERT cells with polysilicon passivating contacts on both sides	7
Results from an international interlaboratory study on light‐ and elevated temperature‐induced degradation in solar modules	7
Mass production of crystalline silicon solar cells with polysilicon‐based passivating contacts: An industrial perspective	7
Multi‐pronged degradation analysis of a photovoltaic power plant after 9.5 years of operation under hot desert climatic conditions	7
Time‐varying, ray tracing irradiance simulation approach for photovoltaic systems in complex scenarios with decoupled geometry, optical properties and illumination conditions	7
Potential‐free sodium‐induced degradation of silicon heterojunction solar cells	6
Silicon solar cells and modules with front contact paste containing copper‐based component	6
Performance evaluation of IEC 60891:2021 procedures for correcting I–V curves of photovoltaic modules under healthy and faulty conditions	6
Predicting diurnal outdoor performance and degradation of organic photovoltaics via machine learning; relating degradation to outdoor stress conditions	6
Identifying methods to reduce emission intensity of centralised Photovoltaic deployment for net zero by 2050: Life cycle assessment case study of a 30 MW PV plant	6
Evaluation of bifacial module technologies with combined‐accelerated stress testing	6
Soiling mitigation potential of glass coatings and tracker routines in the desert climate of Saudi Arabia	6
Quantifying the influence of encapsulant and backsheet composition on PV‐power and electrical degradation	6
Global prediction of the energy yields for hybrid perovskite/Si tandem and Si heterojunction single solar modules	6
Highly conductive and broadband transparent Zr‐doped In₂O₃ as the front electrode for monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells	6
Investigation of dominant degradation mode in field‐aged photovoltaic modules using novel differential current‐voltage analysis approach	6
Study of the reverse I–V in component subcells of III–V multijunction space solar cells	5
AlInP‐passivated III–V solar cells grown by dynamic hydride vapor‐phase epitaxy	5
High‐low refractive index stacks as antireflection coatings on triple‐junction solar cells	5
In‐depth analysis of potential‐induced degradation in a commercial CIGS PV module	5
Wafer‐bonded two‐terminal III‐V//Si triple‐junction solar cell with power conversion efficiency of 36.1% at AM1.5g	5
A case study on accelerated light‐ and elevated temperature‐induced degradation testing of commercial multi‐crystalline silicon passivated emitter and rear cell modules	5
Alternative alkali fluoride post‐deposition treatment under elemental sulfur atmosphere for high‐efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se₂‐based solar cells	5
Microstructured antireflective encapsulant on concentrator solar cells	5
Boron‐doped polysilicon using spin‐on doping for high‐efficiency both‐side passivating contact silicon solar cells	5
Light management of PERC solar cell with the front and back dielectric multilayers	5
Contacting a single nanometer‐sized pinhole in the interfacial oxide of a poly‐silicon on oxide (POLO) solar cell junction	5
Photovoltaic module antireflection coating degradation survey using color microscopy and spectral reflectance	5
Offshore floating photovoltaics system assessment in worldwide perspective	5
Highly efficient silicon heterojunction solar cells with ZnO:Al transparent electrode and transition metal doped indium oxide interfacial layer	4
Decay mechanisms in CdS‐buffered Cu(In,Ga)Se₂thin‐film solar cells after exposure to thermal stress: Understanding the role of Na	4
Future‐proofing photovoltaics module reliability through a unifying predictive modeling framework	4
Developing an energy rating for bifacial photovoltaic modules	4
Experimental and theoretical EBIC analysis for grain boundary and CdS/Cu (In, Ga)Se₂ heterointerface in Cu (In, Ga)Se₂ solar cells	4
In situ quantification of temperature and strain within photovoltaic modules through optical sensing	4
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Total band alignment in theoretical and experimental aspects for enhanced performance of flexible and Cd‐free Cu (In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ solar cell fabricated by all‐dry process	4
Extraction and microscopic analysis of partial shading‐induced defects in a commercial CIGS PV module	4
Performance degradation assessment of the three silicon PV technologies	4
2‐step process for 5.4% CuGaSe₂ solar cell using fluorine doped tin oxide transparent back contacts	4
Analysis of polyamide and fluoropolymer backsheets: Degradation and insulation failure in field‐aged photovoltaic modules	4
Georeferencing of photovoltaic modules from aerial infrared videos using structure‐from‐motion	4
Thermomechanical design rules for photovoltaic modules	4
Overview of key results achieved in H2020 HighLite project helping to raise the EU PV industries' competitiveness	4
Towards a graphene transparent conducting electrode for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells	4
Three‐dimensional multi‐ribbon interconnection for back‐contact solar cells	4
Optoelectronic reciprocity in hot carrier solar cells with ideal energy selective contacts	4
Importance of atmospheric aerosol pollutants on the degradation of Al₂O₃ encapsulated Al‐doped zinc oxide window layers in solar cells	4
Determination of dominant recombination site in perovskite solar cells through illumination‐side‐dependent impedance spectroscopy	4
Optical modeling and characterization of bifacial SiN_x/AlO_x dielectric layers for surface passivation and antireflection in PERC	4
Effects of solar cell group granularity and modern system architectures on partial shading response of crystalline silicon modules and systems	4
Optimal interconnection of three‐terminal tandem solar cells	4
Is a passivated back contact always beneficial for Cu (In,Ga)Se₂solar cells?	4
Closing the gap between n‐ and p‐type silicon heterojunction solar cells: 24.47% efficiency on lightly doped Ga wafers	4
Thickness evaluation of AlO_x barrier layers for encapsulation of flexible PV modules in industrial environments by normal reflectance and machine learning	4
Effect of inhomogeneous loads on the mechanics of PV modules	3
Large‐area monoPoly solar cells on 110 μm thin c–Si wafers with a rear n⁺poly‐Si/SiO_x stack deposited by inline plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposi	3
How to assess the electrical quality of solar cell interconnection in shingle solar modules	3
High‐performance perovskite/silicon heterojunction solar cells enabled by industrially compatible postannealing	3
Automated detection of photovoltaic cleaning events: A performance comparison of techniques as applied to a broad set of labeled photovoltaic data sets	3
Effects of composition and thermal treatment on V_OC‐limiting defects in single‐crystalline Cu₂ZnSnSe₄ solar cells	3
How small changes make a difference: Influence of low silver contents on the effect of RbF‐PDT in CIGS solar cells	3
Photovoltaic system monitoring and fault detection using peer systems	3
Statistical analysis of 12 years of standardized accelerated aging in photovoltaic‐module certification tests	3
Device operation of P‐ion‐implanted n‐BaSi₂/p‐Si heterojunction solar cells	3
Modeling of transport in carrier‐selective contacts in silicon heterojunction solar cells	3
An open‐source parameterized life cycle model to assess the environmental performance of silicon‐based photovoltaic systems	3
Economic analysis of a novel design of microtracked concentrating photovoltaic modules	3
Advanced analysis of internal quantum efficiency measurements using machine learning	3
Estimation for iron contamination in Si solar cell by ideality factor: Deep neural network approach	3
Issue Information	3
Experimental observations in mismatch losses in monofacial and bifacial PV generators	3
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Defect‐induced current coupling in multi‐junction solar cells revealed by absolute electroluminescence imaging	3