Epidemiology

Article	Citations
Re. A Multipollutant Approach to Estimating Causal Effects of Air Pollution Mixtures on Overall Mortality in a Large, Prospective Cohort	164
Causal Identification Conditions for the Effect of Treatment in the Treated: Illustration Using the Northwest Germany Stroke Registry	88
Re. Prediagnostic Exposures and Cancer Survival: Can a Meaningful Causal Estimand be Specified?	86
The Authors Respond	71
A Generalization of the Mechanism-based Approach for Age–Period–Cohort Models	69
Erratum: Generalizing and Transporting Causal Inferences from Randomized Trials in the Presence of Trial Engagement Effects	52
Reporting and Description of Research Methodology in Studies Estimating Effects of Firearm Policies	48
Negative Control Exposures: Causal Effect Identifiability and Use in Probabilistic-bias and Bayesian Analyses With Unmeasured Confounders	45
Estimating the Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Cardiovascular Events Using Observational Data?	45
Preventable Fraction in the Context of Disease Progression	41
Understanding Etiologic Pathways Through Multiple Sequential Mediators: An Application in Perinatal Epidemiology	39
Newborn Dried Blood Spot Folate in Relation to Maternal Self-reported Folic Acid Intake, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Developmental Delay	39
Prediction Under Interventions: Evaluation of Counterfactual Performance Using Longitudinal Observational Data	31
Comparative Evaluation of COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness During Omicron Using Conventional and Causal Inference Approaches in a Longitudinal Cohort	30
A prospective study on the association between potential prescribing omissions and hospitalizations in community-dwelling older adults	29
Advances in Difference-in-differences Methods for Policy Evaluation Research	28
When Does Differential Outcome Misclassification Matter for Estimating Prevalence?	28
Oral manifestations of HIV as indicators of disease progression and antiretroviral therapy adherence: A scoping review	28
Risk of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Among African-born Black Women in California, 2011–2020	26
Metabolic syndrome and memory decline: evidence from a longitudinal aging cohort in rural South Africa	24
Associations of reproductive factors with expression of stromal markers in women with benign breast biopsies	24
Mobile Source Benzene Regulations and Risk of Childhood and Young Adult Hematologic Cancers in Alaska: A Quasi-experimental Study	24
Does Adjusting for Causal Intermediate Confounders Resolve the Perinatal Crossover Paradox?	23
Are Detailed Behavioral, Psychosocial, and Environmental Variables Necessary to Control for Confounding in Pregnancy Weight Gain Research?	23
Use of Routinely Collected Data to Classify Planned Mode of Delivery Among Pregnancies With a Previous Cesarean Delivery: A Validation Study	23

Erratum: Marginal Sufficient Component Cause Model: An Emerging Causal Model With Merits?	22
Comparing PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Strategies Following Myocardial Infarction Using Negative Control Outcomes: A Target Trial Emulation Study	21
Doubly Marginalized: The Interplay of Racism and Disability in Outcomes for Minoritized People With Down Syndrome	21
Evaluating Binary Outcome Classifiers Estimated from Survey Data	20
Validation of ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Codes for Gestational Age at Birth	19
Are we the same, or are we different? Untangling education policy effects from state and birth-year differences	19
Kara E. Rudolph, Winner of 2023 Rothman Epidemiology Prize	18
Re: Generalizing and Transporting Causal Inferences from Randomized Trials in the Presence of Trial Engagement Effects	18
Adjusting Incidence Estimates with Laboratory Test Performances: A Pragmatic Maximum Likelihood Estimation-Based Approach	18
Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatments and Risk of Alzheimer Disease: A Case–Control Study Nested in the Finnish Population	18
The Author Responds	18
Identification of Vaccine Effects When Exposure Status Is Unknown	17
Quantifying the Health Burden of COVID-19 Using Individual Estimates of Years of Life Lost Based on Population-wide Administrative Level Data	17
Comparative Risks of Opioid Overdose in Patients on Oxycodone Initiating Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors	16
Re: Comparison of the Test-negative Design and Cohort Design With Explicit Target Trial Emulation for Evaluating COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness	16
Using Measurement Error Parameters From Validation Data	16
A Framework for Thinking About the Potential Public Health Impact of Epidemiologic Research	16
Erratum: Toward a Clearer Definition of Selection Bias When Estimating Causal Effects	16
Associations of Prenatal First Trimester Essential and Nonessential Metal Mixtures with Body Size and Adiposity in Childhood.	16
Generalizing Findings in Nested Cohorts	15
Impact of Washout Duration to Account for Left Truncation in Register-based Epidemiologic Studies: Estimating the Risk of Mental Disorders	15
Plant-Capture Methods for Estimating Homeless Population Size From Uncertain Plant Captures	14
Meconium Concentrations of Pesticides and Risk of Hypospadias: A Case–Control Study in Brittany, France	14
A Counterfactual Analysis of Impact of Cesarean Birth in a First Birth on Severe Maternal Morbidity in the Subsequent Birth	14
Low-level PM2.5 Exposure, Cardiovascular and Nonaccidental Mortality, and Related Health Disparities in 12 US States	14
Scarring In Utero: An Attempt to Validate With Data Unconfounded by Migration and Medical Care	14
Opioid-related Mortality in United States Death Certificate Data: A Quantitative Bias Analysis With Expert Elicitation of Bias Parameters	13
Visualizing the (Causal) Effect of a Continuous Variable on a Time-To-Event Outcome	13
Geospatial Data Aggregation Methods for Novel Geographies: Validating Congressional District Life Expectancy Estimates	13
Obesity from Childhood to Mid-adulthood in the United States: A Synthetic Cohort Approach to Measuring Health Trajectories	13
Are Target Trial Emulations the Gold Standard for Observational Studies?	13
Massachusetts Prevalence of Opioid Use Disorder Estimation Revisited: Comparing a Bayesian Approach to Standard Capture–Recapture Methods	12
Environmental Exposures and Anti-Müllerian Hormone: A Mixture Analysis in the Nurses’ Health Study II	12
Alcohol Policy in Adolescence and Subsequent Alcohol-attributable Hospitalizations and Mortality at Ages 21−54 Years: A Register-based Cohort Study	12
Characterization of Additive Gene–environment Interactions For Colorectal Cancer Risk	12
A Potential Outcomes Approach to Selection Bias	12
Evaluating Potential Impacts of a Preferential Vaccine Recommendation for Adults 65 Years of Age and Older on US Influenza Burden	12
The long arm of childhood policy: Historical schooling laws and COVID-19 pandemic-era mortality	11
Improving Inference in Air Pollution Epidemiology: The Case for Rethinking Multipollutant Adjustment	11
Ethylene Oxide Hemoglobin Adducts in Cord Blood and Offspring’s Size at Birth: The NewGeneris European Cohort Study	11
Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression for Social Epidemiologic Research	11
Short-term Air Pollution Levels and Blood Pressure in Older Women	11
Right Censoring and Mortality in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study and Women’s Interagency HIV Study	11
Could Smoking Initiation Among Youth by E-cigarettes Warrant a Shorter Definition for Epidemiology?	11
Molecular characterization of norovirus circulating in district Lahore	11
Smoking Inequality Trends by Disability and Income in Australia, 2001 to 2020	11
Erratum: A Generalization of the Mechanism-based Approach for Age-Period-Cohort Models	11
A Quantitative Bias Analysis Approach to Informative Presence Bias in Electronic Health Records	10
Rejoinder: Handgun Divestment and Risk of Suicide	10
Ambient Air Quality and Fatal Asthma Exacerbations among Children in North Carolina	10

Twenty-four-Year Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Nephrotic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cohort Study	10
Response to Mindel C. Sheps: Counted, Dead or Alive	10
Considerations for Estimating Causal Effects of Informatively Timed Treatments	10
Simulating the Simultaneous Impact of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder and Naloxone on Opioid Overdose Death in Eight New York Counties	10
US Racial–Ethnic Mortality Gap Adjusted for Population Structure	10
Thanks to Our Reviewers	10
Identifying demographic predictors of increased non-fatal opioid overdose risk among New York State Medicaid enrollees following the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of heterogeneous treatment effects	10
Novel Psychometric Indicator Assessments: The Relative Excess Correlation and Associated Matrices: Erratum	9
Incidental Infections and the Probability of Necessity	9
Against Resignation on Prespecification: Reproducibility and Target Trial Emulation	9
Spatial Heterogeneity in Synergistic Effects of Extreme Heat and NO2 Exposures on Cardiorespiratory Hospitalizations in California	9
First Episodes of Norovirus and Sapovirus Gastroenteritis Protect Against Subsequent Episodes in a Nicaraguan Birth Cohort	9
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Risk of Appendicitis in the Offspring	9
The Association Between Outdoor Temperature During the Past Weeks and Current Fluid Homeostasis	9
The Authors Respond	9
Interpreting Violations of Falsification Tests in the Context of Multiple Proposed Instrumental Variables	9
An Expedited Chart Review Process for Large Database Studies Using Natural Language Processing and Multiwave Adaptive Sampling	9
Exact Mediation Analysis for Ordinal Outcome and Binary Mediator	8
Causal Selection of Covariates in Regression Calibration for Mismeasured Continuous Exposure	8
Community-Level Risk Factors for Firearm Assault and Homicide: The Role of Local Firearm Dealers and Alcohol Outlets	8
Mindel C. Sheps: Counted, Dead or Alive	8
Placebo Adherence as a Negative Control Exposure	8
Emulating a Target Trial of Interventions Initiated During Pregnancy with Healthcare Databases: The Example of COVID-19 Vaccination	8
Profile Matching for the Generalization and Personalization of Causal Inferences	8
Identifying Optimal Methods for Addressing Confounding Bias When Estimating the Effects of State-level Policies	8
Thanks to Our Reviewers 2025	8
Joint Associations of Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants with Hospital Admission of Ischemic Stroke	7
It May Not All Be Overdiagnosis: The Potential Role of Environmental Exposures in the Thyroid Cancer Incidence Increase	7
A Cluster-based Method to Quantify Individual Heterogeneity in Tuberculosis Transmission	7
Transient Effects in Studies on Preterm Birth Risk	7
The Ideal Trial: Defining Causal Estimands that Balance Relevance and Feasibility in Target Trial Emulations and Actual Randomized Trials	7
Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Child Executive Function: A US Multicohort Study	7
Informative Presence in Electronic Health Record Data: A Challenge in Implementing Study Exclusion Criteria	7
Opioid Agonist Therapy Adherence Trajectories Among Commercially and Publicly Insured People Living With Hepatitis C in the United States	7
Revisiting the Population Attributable Fraction	7
Test-negative Designs with Various Reasons for Testing: Statistical Bias and Solution	7
Unbiased Estimates Using Temporally Aggregated Outcome Data in Time Series Analysis: Generalization to Different Outcomes, Exposures, and Types of Aggregation	7
Bounds and E-values for Marginal Causal Effects	6
Bias-interpretability Trade-offs in Vaccine Effectiveness Studies Using Test-negative or Cohort Designs	6
Julianne Skarha, Winner of the 2026 Rothman Prize	6
Balancing Empirical Trade-offs When Evaluating US Gun Policy	6
Longer-term Survival of UK People with Bleeding Disorders Infected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus and/or Hepatitis C Virus Through Contaminated Blood Transfusions	6
Changes in Opioid and Benzodiazepine Poisoning Deaths After Cannabis Legalization in the US: A County-level Analysis, 2002–2020	6
State Minimum Wages and Food Insecurity Among Households Receiving Government Food Assistance	6
Health Predictors of Neighborhood Selection: A Prospective Cohort Study of Residential Mobility in Ontario, Canada	6
High Summer Temperatures and Heat Stroke Mortality in Spain	6
Erratum: Effect Modification in Settings with “Truncation by Death”	6
Errors in the Calculation of the Population Attributable Fraction	6
Algorithm Selection for Estimating Causal Effects: Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers to Be	6
A Dynamic Spatial Factor Model to Describe the Opioid Syndemic in Ohio	6
Longitudinal Transitions between Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms and Associations with Substance Use among US Young Adults, 2016–2023	6
Universal Difference-in-Differences for Causal Inference in Epidemiology	6
Adapting Back-calculation Methods to Estimate the Incidence of Tuberculosis	6
Propensity Scores in Health Disparities Research: The Example of Cognitive Aging and the Hispanic Paradox	6
Generalizing and Transporting Causal Inferences from Randomized Trials in the Presence of Trial Engagement Effects	5
Target trial emulation without matching: a more efficient approach for evaluating vaccine effectiveness using observational data	5
Primary Care Physicians’ Perceptions of the Effects of Being Overweight on All-cause Mortality	5
Heat-attributable Mortality in the Summer of 2022 in Spain	5
Effects of Lagged Deforestation on Malaria Risk in the Peruvian Amazon: A Spatio-Temporal Analysis	5
Neighborhood Deprivation and Neural Tube Defects	5
Incorporating Efficacy Data from Initial Trials Into Subsequent Evaluations: Application to Vaccines Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus	5
Validation of ICD-10 Codes for Severe Maternal Morbidity at Delivery in a Public Hospital	5
Start with the Target Trial Protocol, Then Follow the Roadmap for Causal Inference	5
Temporal Variation in the Association Between Short-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Mortality Across Subpopulations in North Carolina and Michigan, U.S.	5
Neighborhood-level Socioeconomic Position During Early Pregnancy and Risk of Gastroschisis	5
Interactive Effects of Long-term Exposure to Air Pollutants on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severity: A Northern Italian Population-based Cohort Study	5
Validation of Body Mass Index-For-Age Percentile Curves in Older Adults Using Data From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging	5
Erratum: Methodological challenges in Mendelian randomization	5
On the Conventional Definition of Path-specific Effects: Fully Mediated Interaction With Multiple Ordered Mediators	5
A New Criterion for Determining a Cutoff Value Based on the Biases of Incidence Proportions in the Presence of Non-differential Outcome Misclassifications	5
Mapping Food Is Medicine Across Texas: Regional and Demographic Disparities in Program Availability	5
Discretizing Continuous Event Time Data	5
Socioeconomic Status, Smoking, and Lung Cancer: Mediation and Bias Analysis in the SYNERGY Study	5
Using the Generalized Synthetic Control Method to Estimate the Impact of Extreme Weather Events on Population Health	5
Application of a Web-based Tool for Quantitative Bias Analysis: The Example of Misclassification Due to Self-reported Body Mass Index	5
Comparison of Lactation Information from Electronic Health Records with Survey Data Across Five US Health Systems	5
Evaluating Metformin Strategies for Cancer Prevention: A Target Trial Emulation Using Electronic Health Records	5
Distinguishing Immunologic and Behavioral Effects of Vaccination	5
Marco Piccininni, Winner of the 2024 Rothman Prize	5
Effects of Recall and Selection Biases on Modeling Cancer Risk From Mobile Phone Use: Results From a Case–Control Simulation Study	5

PROVIDENT: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model to Predict Neighborhood-level Overdose Risk in Rhode Island	5
Joint effects of prenatal pesticide exposure and maternal psychosocial stressors on brain development in children from a South African birth cohort	5
What Makes Something Worth Knowing? Epistemology and Public Health Impact	5
Improving Inverse Probability Weighting by Post-calibrating Its Propensity Scores	5
Complexity in Epidemiology and Public Health. Addressing Complex Health Problems Through a Mix of Epidemiologic Methods and Data	5
Assessing Direct and Spillover Effects of Intervention Packages in Network-randomized Studies	5
Outdoor Artificial Light at Night and Reproductive Endocrine and Glucose Homeostasis and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women of Reproductive Age	5