OOIR: Observatory of International Research

Papers

(The median citation count of Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry is 4. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2020-11-01 to 2024-11-01.)

Article	Citations
A Review on CNTs-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: Unique Properties and Potential Applications	63
Trypsin Detection Strategies: A Review	54
Detection of Environmental Microfiber Pollutants through Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques: Recent Advances of Environmental Monitoring and Future Prospects	40
Medicinal Importance and Chemosensing Applications of Pyridine Derivatives: A Review	38
Recent Advancement in Disposable Electrode Modified with Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Heavy Metal Sensors	35
Experimental Design Step by Step: A Practical Guide for Beginners	33
Recent Advances in Thiourea Based Colorimetric and Fluorescent Chemosensors for Detection of Anions and Neutral Analytes: A Review	32
Breathomics: Review of Sample Collection and Analysis, Data Modeling and Clinical Applications	31
Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes: Recent Developments and Advances in View of Electrochemical Drug Sensors	31
New Trend in the Extraction of Pesticides from the Environmental and Food Samples Applying Microextraction Based Green Chemistry Scenario: A Review	30
Synergizing Functional Nanomaterials with Aptamers Based on Electrochemical Strategies for Pesticide Detection: Current Status and Perspectives	29
Electrochemical Sensing Systems for the Analysis of Catechol and Hydroquinone in the Aquatic Environments: A Critical Review	28
Black Phosphorus Nanostructure Based Highly Sensitive and Selective Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Biological and Chemical Sensing: A Review	26
Recent Progress in Nanoparticles Based Sensors for the Detection of Mercury (II) Ions in Environmental and Biological Samples	25
Recent Advances in Silver and Gold Nanoparticles-Based Colorimetric Sensors for Heavy Metal Ions Detection: A Review	24
A Review on Organic Fluorimetric and Colorimetric Chemosensors for the Detection of Ag(I) Ions	24
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Synthetic Opioids Belonging to the Fentanyl Class: A Review	24
Options of the Main Derivatization Approaches for Analytical ESI and MALDI Mass Spectrometry	24
A Review on Thiazole Based Colorimetric and Fluorimetric Chemosensors for the Detection of Heavy Metal Ions	24
Fraud Detection of Herbal Medicines Based on Modern Analytical Technologies Combine with Chemometrics Approach: A Review	23
Current Progress in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Active Components from Plants	22
Review: Microextraction Technique Based New Trends in Food Analysis	21
Measurement Uncertainty and Conformity Assessment Applied to Drug and Medicine Analyses – A Review	20
Recent Advances in the Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks in Extraction: A Review	20
Recent Developments and Applications of Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for the Detection of Biological and Chemical Hazards in Foods: A Critical Review	20

Latest Advances in Determination of Bisphenols with Nanomaterials, Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Aptamer Based Electrochemical Sensors	19
Heterocyclic Organic Compounds as a Fluorescent Chemosensor for Cell Imaging Applications: A Review	19
Applied Analytical Methods for Detecting Heavy Metals in Medicinal Plants	19
Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Application and Prospective	19
Room Temperature Ionic Liquids-Based Electrochemical Sensors: An Overview on Paracetamol Detection	18
Application of Nanomaterials for Coping with Mycotoxin Contamination in Food Safety: From Detection to Control	18
Applications of Hyperspectral Imaging Technology Combined with Machine Learning in Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence: A Review	17
Assessing the Greenness and Environmental Friendliness of Analytical Methods: Modern Approaches and Recent Computational Programs	17
Bacterial Carotenoids: Extraction, Characterization, and Applications	17
Volatile Organic Compounds as Potential Biomarkers for Noninvasive Disease Detection by Nanosensors: A Comprehensive Review	17
Paper-Based Microfluidic Sensors for Onsite Environmental Detection: A Critical Review	17
Recent Advances in Nanomaterials Based Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensors	17
Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors Involving Copper: An Electrochemical Perspective	17
Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides Based on Nanomaterial-Modified Electrodes: A Review	16
Applications of Microfluidic Devices in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer: A Review Study	16
A Review on Recent Progress in Organic Fluorimetric and Colorimetric Chemosensors for the Detection of Cr ^3+/6+ Ions	16
Recent Development of Fluorescent Light-Up RNA Aptamers	16
Recent Trends and Advances in Porous Metal-Organic Framework Nanostructures for the Electrochemical and Optical Sensing of Heavy Metals in Water	16
Chromium Determination in Leather and Other Matrices: A Review	16
Nanoarchitectured Bioconjugates and Bioreceptors Mediated Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor forIn VitroDiagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Development and Future Prospects	15
Potential Synthetic Routes and Metal-Ion Sensing Applications of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles: An Integrative Review	15
Analytical Chemistry Strategies in the Use of Miniaturised NIR Instruments: An Overview	15
Single Organic Ligands Act as a Bifunctional Sensor for Subsequent Detection of Metal and Cyanide Ions, a Statistical Approach toward Coordination and Sensitivity	14
Recent Advances in Carbon Nanostructure-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring	14
A critical review of selected preconcentration techniques used for selenium determination in analytical samples	14
Carbon Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Heavy Metal Detection	14
Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoflower Production and Analytical Utilization: Fundamental to Cutting-Edge Technologies	14
Organic Molecules Containing N, S and O Heteroatoms as Sensors for the Detection of Hg(II) Ion; Coordination and Efficiency toward Detection	14
Developments of Microextraction (Extraction) Procedures for Sample Preparation of Antidepressants in Biological and Water Samples, a Review	13
Magnetic Covalent Organic Frameworks—Fundamentals and Applications in Analytical Chemistry	13
A Comprehensive Review on Water Quality Monitoring Devices: Materials Advances, Current Status, and Future Perspective	12
Overview and Future Perspectives of Microfluidic Digital Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (dRPA)	12
Deep Eutectic Solvents for Extraction and Preconcentration of Organic and Inorganic Species in Water and Food Samples: A Review	12
Recent Advances in Solid-Phase Extraction as a Platform for Sample Preparation in Biomarker Assay	12
Advanced Methodologies for Trace Elements in Edible Oil Samples: A Review	12
Analytical Methods for the Assessment of Curing Kinetics of Polyurethane Binders for High-Energy Composites	12
Bioactive Flavonoids: A Comprehensive Review on Pharmacokinetics and Analytical Aspects	12
Characteristics, Properties and Analytical/Bioanalytical Methods of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid: A Review	12
A Comprehensive Review on Biopolymer Mediated Nanomaterial Composites and Their Applications in Electrochemical Sensors	12
Advances in Chemical Analysis of Oil Spills Since the Deepwater Horizon Disaster	12
Authentication of Herbal Medicines Based on Modern Analytical Technology Combined with Chemometrics Approach: A Review	11
Gold Nanoparticles-Based Colorimetric Assays for Environmental Monitoring and Food Safety Evaluation	11
Smartphone-Facilitated Mobile Colorimetric Probes for Rapid Monitoring of Chemical Contaminations in Food: Advances and Outlook	11
Recent Progress in Aptamer-Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Optical and Electrochemical Sensors for Detection of Mycotoxins	11
Infrared Spectroscopy in Aqueous Solutions: Capabilities and Challenges	11
A Critical Review on Organic Small Fluorescent Probes for Monitoring Carbon Monoxide in Biology	11
Quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicine based on data fusion combined with machine learning: A review	11
Carbon Nanomaterials-Based Novel Hybrid Platforms for Electrochemical Sensor Applications in Drug Analysis	11
Recent Development in Coordination Compounds as a Sensor for Cyanide Ions in Biological and Environmental Segments	11
Real-Time Biosensing Bacteria and Virus with Quartz Crystal Microbalance: Recent Advances, Opportunities, and Challenges	11

Sulfonamides as Optical Chemosensors	10
A Critical Review on Analytical Methods for Recently Approved FDC Drugs: Pregabalin and Etoricoxib	10
Factors Affecting the Extraction of (Poly)Phenols from Natural Resources Using Deep Eutectic Solvents Combined with Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction	10
Analytical Methods Incorporating Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) for the Quantification of Microcystins: A Mini-Review	10
Pre-processing Applied to Instrumental Data in Analytical Chemistry: A Brief Review of the Methods and Examples	10
Bio-Fabricated Gold and Silver Nanoparticle Based Plasmonic Sensors for Detection of Environmental Pollutants: An Overview	10
A Review on Organic Colorimetric and Fluorescent Chemosensors for the Detection of Zn(II) Ions	10
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Occurrence, Electroanalysis, Challenges, and Future Outlooks	10
Application of Analytical Technologies in the Discrimination and Authentication of Herbs from Fritillaria: A Review	10
Novel Approaches in Fabrication and Integration of Nanowire for Micro/Nano Systems	10
Progress in the Development of Imidazopyridine-Based Fluorescent Probes for Diverse Applications	10
Analytical Methods for the Determination of Quercetin and Quercetin Glycosides in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Samples	10
Review on Characteristics and Analytical Methods of Rivaroxaban	10
Role of Electrochemical Techniques for Photovoltaic and Supercapacitor Applications	10
Drilling into “Quality by Design” Approach for Analytical Methods	10
Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs)-Based Sensors for the Detection of Heavy Metals: A Review	9
A Recent Update on Rhodamine Dye Based Sensor Molecules: A Review	9
Aptamer Based Nanoprobes for Detection of Foodborne Virus in Food and Environment Samples: Recent Progress and Challenges	9
Determination of Bioactive Components in Mandarin Fruits: A Review	9
Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Biological Systems: A Critical Review	9
Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction Aiding the Analysis of Disease Biomarkers	9
Application of Identification and Evaluation Techniques for Edible Mushrooms: A Review	9
Multi-Attribute Method (MAM): An Emerging Analytical Workflow for Biopharmaceutical Characterization, Batch Release and cGMP Purity Testing at the Peptide and Intact Protein Level	8
Progress in Nanomaterials-Based Enzyme and Aptamer Biosensor for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides	8
A Review on Electrochemical and Optical Sensing Platform Based on Ionic Liquids for Different Molecules Determination	8
Non-Targeted Analytical Technology in Herbal Medicines: Applications, Challenges, and Perspectives	8
A Review on Spike and Recovery Method in Analytical Method Development and Validation	8
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis: A Review for Its Application in the Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Domains	8
Recent Progresses in Analytical Perspectives of Degradation Studies and Impurity Profiling in Pharmaceutical Developments: An Updated Review	8
Sample Preparation and Analytical Methods for Steroid Hormones in Environmental and Food Samples: An Update Since 2012	8
Breath Analysis by Secondary Electro-Spray Ionization - Mass Spectrometry to Interrogate Biologically Significant Metabolites Non-Invasively	8
A Review of Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Monitoring – Fundamentals and Research Updates	8
Reactive Matrices for Analytical Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry	8
A Review on Conducting Polymers for Colorimetric and Fluorescent Detection of Noble Metal Ions (Ag ⁺ , Pd ²⁺ , Pt	8
Raman, Infrared and Brillouin Spectroscopies of Biofluids for Medical Diagnostics and for Detection of Biomarkers	8
A Critical Review on Chemical Speciation of Chlorine-Produced Oxidants (CPOs) in Seawater. Part 1: Chlorine Chemistry in Seawater and Its Consequences in Terms of Biocidal Effectiveness and Environmen	8
A Comprehensive Review on the Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopic Characterization of Petroleum-Containing Substances: Principles, Methods, and Applications	8
A Critical Review of Analytical Applications of Chitosan as a Sustainable Chemical with Functions Galore	8
Sampling Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Consumer Products: A Review	8
Application of Fluorescent Probes in Reactive Oxygen Species Disease Model	8
Recent Applications of Nano-Liquid Chromatography in Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring: A Review	7
Nanoparticles Based Extraction Strategies for Accurate and Sensitive Determination of Different Pesticides	7
Insights into Genus Codonopsis: From past Achievements to Future Perspectives	7
Insights on the Extraction and Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Citrus Fruits: Green Perspectives and Current Status	7
Sampling and Sample Preparation Techniques for the Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Soil Matrices	7
Recent Trends in Ibuprofen and Ketoprofen Electrochemical Quantification – A Review	7
Vibrational Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometrics in Authentication of Functional Foods	7
Advances in AI-Driven Retention Prediction for Different Chromatographic Techniques: Unraveling the Complexity	7
A Review of Characteristics, Properties, Application of Nanocarriers and Analytical Methods of Luliconazole	7
An Overview of Aptamer-Based Sensor Platforms for the Detection of Bisphenol-A	7
Biosensors Based on Bio-Functionalized Semiconducting Metal Oxides	7
Carbon Dots in the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria and Viruses	7
Heavy Metal Ions Detection Using Nanomaterials-Based Aptasensors	7
Recent Advances in the Fabrication of Nano-aptasensors for the Detection of Troponin as a Main Biomarker of Acute Myocardial Infarction	7
New Insights into Vitamin K—From Its Natural Sources through Biological Properties and Chemical Methods of Quantitative Determination	7
Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry	7
Applications of Advanced Materials for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Monitoring: From Invasive to the Wearable Device	7
A Review of Sensing Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Food and Biological Sample Analysis	7
Analytical Techniques for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage: Frontiers in Knowledge and Application	7
Deep Eutectic Liquids as Tailorable Extraction Solvents: A Review of Opportunities and Challenges	7
Imidazole Compounds: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Optical Analysis	6
Limitations of Integrative Passive Samplers as a Tool for the Quantification of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment – A Critical Review with the Latest Innovations	6
A Comprehensive Review on Metal Organic Framework Based Preconcentration Strategies for Chromatographic Analysis of Organic Pollutants	6
A Review on Polyethersulfone Membranes in Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers: Preparation, Characterization and Innovation	6
Design, Fabrication and Applications of Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrate	6
Recent progress in aptamer and CRISPR-Cas12a based systems for non-nucleic target detection	6
Sample Preparation Methods for Metal Containing Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples	6
Conductive Polymer-Based Nanocomposites as Powerful Sorbents: Design, Preparation and Extraction Applications	6
Review: Advances in the Accuracy and Traceability of Metalloprotein Measurements Using Isotope Dilution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry	6
Application of Recently used Green Solvents in Sample Preparation Techniques: A Comprehensive Review of Existing Trends, Challenges, and Future Opportunities	6
Microextraction and Determination of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances, Challenges, and Future Trends	6
Analytical Tools for Disease Diagnosis in Animals via Fecal Volatilome	6
Recent Advancements in Colorimetric and Fluorescent pH Chemosensors: From Design Principles to Applications	6
Smartphone-Based Techniques Using Carbon Dot Nanomaterials for Food Safety Analysis	6
Development of DNA Biosensors Based on DNAzymes and Nucleases	6
Recent Advances in Impedimetric Biosensors Focusing on Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis	6
Measurement of Naringin from Citrus Fruits by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – a Review	6
Stability Indicating Methods for Determination of Third Generation Antiepileptic Drugs and Their Related Substances	6
Raman Spectroscopy of Emulsions and Emulsion Chemistry	6
Application of Metabolomics in Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases	6

Current Trends of Analytical Techniques for Total Alkalinity Measurement in Water Samples: A Review	5
CRISPR/Cas-based Aptasensor as an Innovative Sensing Approaches for Food Safety Analysis: Recent Progresses and New Horizons	5
Recent Progress on Potentiometric Sensor Applications Based on Nanoscale Metal Oxides: A Comprehensive Review	5
Graphene Based Nanohybrid Aptasensors in Environmental Monitoring: Concepts, Design and Future Outlook	5
A Comprehensive Study: Traditional and Cutting-Edge Analytical Techniques for the Biomarker Based Detection of the Micronutrients & POC Sensing Directions for Next-Generation Diagnostic	5
Advances in the Functional Nucleic Acid Biosensors for Detection of Lead Ions	5
Advances in Biosensing of Chemical Food Contaminants Based on the MOFs-Graphene Nanohybrids	5
Spectrum-Effect Relationship in Chinese Herbal Medicine: Current Status and Future Perspectives	5
Liquid-Phase Microextraction Approaches for Preconcentration and Analysis of Chiral Compounds: A Review on Current Advances	5
Efficacy of Analytical Technologies in Metabolomics Studies of the Gastrointestinal Cancers	5
A Review on Atmospheric Analysis Focusing on Public Health, Environmental Legislation and Chemical Characterization	5
Recent Advances in Polyoxometalates with Enzyme-like Characteristics for Analytical Applications	5
A Review on Analytical Strategies for the Assessment of Recently Approved Direct Acting Antiviral Drugs	5
Carbon-Based Electrochemical Sensors for In Vivo and In Vitro Neurotransmitter Detection	5
A Status Update on the Development of Polymer and Metal-Based Graphene Electrochemical Sensors for Detection and Quantitation of Bisphenol A	5
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Electrochemistry: The Ultimate Chemical Sensing and Manipulation Combination	5
Recent Development in Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Hg²⁺ Ions	5
Nanoplatform-Integrated Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques: A Critical Review	5
Natural and Artificial Chiral-Based Systems for Separation Applications	5
Progress in Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metals Based on Amino Acids and Its Composites	5
Microfluidic Fabrication and Applications of Microgels and Hybrid Microgels	5
Exploring the Mechanism of Anionic Chemosensing by Imidazoles: A Review	5
Recent Advanced in MXene Research toward Biosensor Development	5
Mini-Review: Electrochemical Sensors Used for the Determination of Water- and Fat-Soluble Vitamins: B, D, K	5
Flow Injection Techniques for Tetracycline Quantification: A Review	5
Research Progress on Multifunctional Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, Food and Environmental Detection	5
A Comprehensive Review on the Electrochemical Sensing of Flavonoids	5
Effect of Synthesis Methods and Conditions on Properties and Applications of Carbon Dots for the Detection of Potential Water Contaminants: A Review	5
The Role of Suspension Array Technology in Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pollutants: Applications and Future Challenges	5
Hollow Cathode Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Detection, Quantification and Gas Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions of Explosives and Related Compounds	5
Extraction Induced by Emulsion and Microemulsion Breaking for Metal Determination by Spectrometric Methods – A Review	5
Mass Spectrometry: A Powerful Method for Monitoring Various Type of Leukemia, Especially MALDI-TOF in Leukemia’s Proteomics Studies Review	5
Recent Progress on Toxicity and Detection Methods of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Environment and Foodstuffs	5
Aptasensor Based on Microfluidic for Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria and Virus Detection: A Review	5
The Recent Progress in DNAzymes-Based Aptasensors for Thrombin Detection	5
A Comparative Review of Solidified Floating Organic Drop Microextraction Methods for Metal Separation: recent Developments, Enhanced co-Factors, Challenges, and Environmental Assessment	4
A Comprehensive Review on Shilajit: What We Know about Its Chemical Composition	4
Instrumental Techniques to Classify Olive Oils according to Their Quality	4
Review of Recent Modern Analytical Technology Combined with Chemometrics Approach Researches on Mushroom Discrimination and Evaluation	4
Lopinavir/Ritonavir: A Review of Analytical Methodologies for the Drug Substances, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Matrices	4
A Mini Review on Characteristics and Analytical Methods of Otilonium Bromide	4
Electrochemistry as a Powerful Tool for Investigations of Antineoplastic Agents: A Comprehensive Review	4
Cannabinoids: Recent Updates on Public Perception, Adverse Reactions, Pharmacokinetics, Pretreatment Methods and Their Analysis Methods	4
Development of Lateral Flow Assays for Rapid Detection of Troponin I: A Review	4
Analytical Methods for Determination of BPA Released from Dental Resin Composites and Related Materials: A Systematic Review	4
Calibration Sources for Gaseous Oxidized Mercury: A Review of Source Design, Performance, and Operational Parameters	4
Application of UV-Vis and Infrared Spectroscopy on Wild Edible Bolete Mushrooms Discrimination and Evaluation: A Review	4
Green Assessment of Analytical Procedures for the Determination of Pharmaceuticals in Sewage Sludge and Soil	4
Hydrogels as Novel and Efficient Materials in Sorbent-Based Sample Preparation Techniques	4
Recent Advances on the Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Biosensing Methods for Cancer Biomarkers Detection	4
The Power of Carbon Nanotubes on Sensitive Drug Determination Methods	4
Derivatization of γ-Amino Butyric Acid Analogues for Their Determination in the Biological Samples and Pharmaceutical Preparations: A Comprehensive Review	4
Potentials of MicroRNA in Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer by Analytical Electrical Biosensors	4
Chromatographic Methods for Detection and Quantification of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Flora, Herbal Medicines, and Food: An Overview	4
Liquid Phase Microextraction of Hazardous Compounds in Dairy Products; Principal and Practical Aspects	4
Perspectives and Trends in Advanced MXenes-Based Optical Biosensors for the Recognition of Food Contaminants	4
Trends in the Analysis and Exploration of per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Environmental Matrices: A Review	4
Recent Advances in Aptasensors for Rapid Pesticide Residues Detection	4
Recent Advances on Metal Oxide Based Sensors for Environmental Gas Pollutants Detection	4
Recent Advances in Enhancement Techniques for Blood Fingerprints	4
Derivatization, an Applicable Asset for Conventional HPLC Systems without MS Detection in Food and Miscellaneous Analysis	4
Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Development and Applications	4
Advances of Transition Metal-Based Electrochemical Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensors for Glucose Analysis: A Review	4
Recent Advances in Construction and Application of Metal-Nanozymes in Pharmaceutical Analysis	4
Barrier Discharge Ionization Detector in Gas Chromatography: A Review on Applications	4
A New Trend and Future Perspectives of the Miniaturization of Conventional Extraction Methods for Elemental Analysis in Different Real Samples: A Review	4
Progress in the Study of Optical Probes for the Detection of Formaldehyde	4
Anthocyanins in Different Food Matrices: Recent Updates on Extraction, Purification and Analysis Techniques	4
A Comprehensive Overview of Sensors Applications for the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and of Drugs Used in its Treatment	4