Learning and Instruction

Article	Citations
Can you have your cake and eat it too?	409
Uncovering everyday dynamics in students’ perceptions of instructional quality with experience sampling	163
EARLI Association News	110
Developmental changes in the contributions of phonological processing skills to Chinese character reading and arithmetic	109
Isolated or integrated? – Instructional approaches to foster professional vision of teaching quality	108
Self-regulation prompts promote the achievement of learning goals – But only briefly: Uncovering hidden dynamics in the effects of a psychological intervention	95
Sequential thinking prompts for creative problem solving	79
Telling stories as preparation for learning: A Bayesian analysis of transfer performance and investigation of learning mechanisms	78
The impact of executive functions on English academic performance among Chinese primary school students: A network analysis	77
Do vocabulary, syntactic awareness, and reading comprehension in second language facilitate the development of each other in young children?	77
Cognitive foundations of sentence writing: The roles of vocabulary, orthographic memory skills, and visual-motor integration across grades	58
Differentiated instruction on undergraduate students based on classification and prediction of students performance using PSO-BP neural network	58
Constructive retrieval: Benefits for learning, motivation, and metacognitive monitoring	50
Gender-specific trajectories of academic achievement in Chinese elementary school students: Relations with life satisfaction trajectories and suicidal ideation trajectories	48
Gender differences in reading: Examining text-based interest in relation to text characteristics and reading comprehension	47
The same yet different? Teaching quality differs across a teacher’s classes, but teachers with higher knowledge make teaching quality more similar	46
Relations between graphomotor self-concept and graphomotor skills: A longitudinal study in early school age	45
Reading and writing feedback perceptions among multilingual and monolingual learners across K-20 contexts: A systematic review	45
Editorial board/Publication information	44
Domain-specific self-regulated learning interventions for elementary school students	44
A Bayesian approach to students’ perceptions of teachers’ autonomy support	43
Straight from the teacher's mouth: The value of own-perspective gaze-elicited think-aloud for understanding culture-specific teacher expertise	43
Latent motivational-emotional profiles and their effects on strategy use and performance in online multimodal reading tasks: A mixed-methods investigation	43
Exploring the necessary conditions for observing interleaved practice benefits in math learning	42
University students in COVID-19 lockdown: The role of adaptability and fluid reasoning in supporting their academic motivation and engagement	41

Distilling playful stances to learning: Looking across cultures, contexts, roles and generations	40
Education, not age, linked to narrative comprehension	40
Dynamic relationships between text reading fluency and reading comprehension across three stages of reading development in Chinese children: A longitudinal cross-lagged study	40
Improving the teaching and learning of statistics	40
Training flexibility in dealing with additive situations	38
Does changing learning environments affect student motivation?	36
Deliberate errors vs. induced errors: How best to structure students’ error generation to promote learning?	35
Other-self similarity, motivation, emotion, and learning	34
Shedding light on relations between teacher emotions, instructional behavior, and student school well-being – Evidence from disadvantaged schools	34
Achievement emotions and arithmetic fluency – Development and parallel processes during the early school years	33
The influence of seductive details in learning environments with low and high extrinsic motivation	33
Tracking college student's learning gains using EEG hyperscanning: An interpersonal neuroscience approach development and validation	33
Third graders’ digital and paper text comprehension	33
Image interpretation scaffolds support adolescents’ historical reasoning	32
Playful learning is the missing link in educational success	32
Resilience research in learning disabilities: Guiding principles from developmental psychopathology	32
Benefits of turning the illustrations in a narrated slideshow into cartoons: An extension of the positivity principle	31
Digital education through guided pretend play	31
Mixed effects of retrieval practice on the acquisition of procedural knowledge in verb spelling education	29
Income inequality is associated with heightened test anxiety and lower academic achievement: A cross-national study in 51 countries	28
The neural correlates of cognitive load in learning: An fMRI study on graph comprehension	28
Providing external feedback and prompting the generation of internal feedback fosters achievement, strategies and motivation in concept learning	27
Scripted interventions versus reciprocal teaching in collaborative learning: A comparison of pedagogical and teachable agents using a cognitive architecture	26
Visual-spatial skills and children’s math development	26
Evolutionary perspective on human cognitive architecture: Implications for adaptive instruction Commentary on the Special Issue on adaptivity	26
Do easy-to-read adaptations really facilitate sentence processing for adults with a lower level of education? An experimental eye-tracking study	26
Antecedents of creativity: Statistical discourse analysis of university student teams' interactions	25
The effects of direct and indirect training in metacognitive learning strategies on near and far transfer in self-regulated learning	25
Effects of retrieval practice on retention and application of complex educational concepts	25
Rating writing: Comparison of holistic and analytic grading approaches in pre-service teachers	25
From heartbeats to actions: Multimodal learning analytics of cognitive and behavior engagement in real classrooms	25
Does learning how to use data mean being motivated to use it? Effects of a data use intervention on data literacy and motivational beliefs of pre-service teachers	25
Developmental changes in children's choices of practice strategies	24
Supports for young males' and females’ interest in swimming and competition	24
Unravelling the quality of processes of learning from errors: Insights from students' written error reflections in factoring tasks	23
Strategies for regulating achievement emotions: Conceptualization and relations with university students’ emotions, well-being, and health	23
Pizzas or no pizzas: An advantage of word problems in fraction arithmetic?	23
Modeling teachers’ reactions to unexpectedness	23
Completion of upper secondary education: Predictions of the psychosocial learning environment and academic achievement	22
Enhancing learning with a two-page study manual	22
Validating automated assessments of teaching effectiveness using multimodal data	22
Stimulating individual learning of the concept of fraction equivalence: How students utilize adaptive features in digital learning environments mediates their effect	22
EARLI Association News	22
“The more I learn, the more I know nothing”: A longitudinal registered report of doctoral students’ uncertainty in learning	22
Classroom management and students' mathematics achievement: The role of students’ disruptive behavior and teacher classroom management	22
Double disadvantage: Female first-generation-students think of themselves as least talented, contributing to disproportionate disadvantage	21
Corrigendum to “Connecting joint visual attention, community belonging, and self-efficacy in makerspace environments using high frequency data” [Learning and Instruction 103 (2026) 102315]	21
The learning crisis: Three years after COVID-19	21
Student well-being: In search of definitions, measures, and research designs	20
Role of home math environment in the intergenerational transmission of math skills	20

Overcoming the gap between knowledge and use in mathematical flexibility: Examining the role of inhibitory control	20
In their hands: Multimodal learning analytics as reflective-practice resources empowering mathematics teachers’ professional development	20
The relationship between early childhood teachers' instructional quality and children's mathematics development	20
Individualizing goal-setting interventions using automated writing evaluation to support secondary school students’ text revisions	20
Time-of-day matters in text learning and recall: Evening lessons are advantageous for adults with ADHD though not for typical peers	20
Editorial for the special issue “Advances in simulation-based learning in higher education”	20
The role of strategy-based motivation in mathematical problem solving: The case of learner-generated drawings	19
Phatic expressions influence perceived helpfulness in online peer help-giving: A mixed methods study	19
How is teacher emotion regulation related to teaching quality and student engagement? A multilevel longitudinal analysis	19
The impact of a usefulness intervention on students’ learning achievement in a virtual biology lesson: An eye-tracking-based approach	19
Linguistic precursors of sixth-grade geometric and fraction skills in children with and without Developmental Language Disorder	19
Feedback to diverse language learners: Where are we and where do we need to go in literacy research? An introduction to the Special Issue on Literacy and Feedback	18
A multi-informant study on teachers' mindset, classroom practices, and student well-being	18
Utilizing AI and machine learning in vocal training programs: A contemporary approach	18
Little and often: Causal inference machine learning demonstrates the benefits of homework for improving achievement in mathematics and science	18
Effects of digitalisation on learning to write – A naturalistic experiment	18
EARLI Association News	18
The timing of executive function development is associated with growth in math achievement from preschool through second grade	18
The more, the better? Learning with feedback and instruction	18
Trait resilience against classroom discrimination: Exploring protective effects on immigrant students’ academic achievement across 59 economies	18
Spaced instruction for psychological concepts: Insights from interpersonal brain synchronization and students’ perceptions of teaching	18
Effectiveness of a minecraft education intervention for improving spatial thinking in primary school children: A mixed methods two-level cluster randomised trial	18
Introducing the DYNAMICS framework of moment-to-moment development in achievement motivation	18
Differences between low and high achievers in whole-classroom dialogue participation quality	18
The happy-fish-little-pond effect on enjoyment: Generalizability across multiple domains and countries	17
Ecological validity of retrospective reflections in eye tracking	17
The role of social networks in digital learning gamification: Learner communication preferences and performance effects	17
EARLI Association News	17
Discipline gaps in German schools? A video study on teacher-based discrimination [Registered report - stage I]	17
Interleaved practice in physics benefits from collaboration	17
Invited commentary: Towards more inclusive and Integrated approaches to reading and writing feedback research	17
EARLI Association News	17
A strength-based approach to exploring pre-school children’s spatial language and patterning skills	17
Paper-pencil vs. e-exams: Revisiting the screen inferiority effect during high-stakes testing at university	16
How effective is feedback for L1, L2, and FL learners’ writing? A meta-analysis	16
Integrating AIGC into product design ideation teaching: An empirical study on self-efficacy and learning outcomes	16
Disciplinary vocabulary and mastery of educational objectives in first-grade	16
How do professional development programs on comparing solution methods and classroom discourse affect students' achievement in mathematics? The mediating role of students’ subject matter justification	16
Unlearning to learn in simulation-based learning	16
The impact of COVID-19 on Swiss students’ learning	16
SES and academic achievement are (not always) related: Profiles of student SES, academic achievement and their links to socio-emotional, cognitive, and metacognitive characteristics	15
The dynamics of creative agency: Insights from two intensive diary studies on university students	15
How to teach Bayesian reasoning: An empirical study comparing four different probability training courses	15
Uncovering video-based learning processes: Cued-retrospective reporting versus concurrent and retrospective reporting	15
Children’s and mothers’ understanding of play and learning: Repertoires across five cultures	15
Design fit in gamified online programming learning environment	15
EARLI Association News	15
Does watching an explainer video help learning with subsequent text? – Only when prompt-questions are provided	15
Uncovering the situational impact in educational settings: Studies on motivational and emotional experiences	15
Explaining procedures and interleaving practice in fraction arithmetic	15
Comparisons in everyday life: Effects on academic self-concepts	14
Can simulations help higher education in training professional skills?	14
How to guide learners' processing of multimedia lessons with pedagogical agents	14
Physiological synchrony amongst medical residents during crisis management simulation training and a video-based assessment of leaders’ performance	14
The impact of formative assessment on pupil academic achievement: An empirical study of the effects of a formative assessment practices program that was co-designed in a teacher community	14
Retrieval Practice in Stepwise Worked Examples Improves Learning	14
Individual differences in the executive functions of perfectionism profiles	14
The role of interactive dialogue in students’ learning of mathematical reasoning: A quantitative multi-method analysis of feedback episodes	13
Teacher personality domains and facets: Their unique associations with student-ratings of teaching quality and teacher enthusiasm	13
The application of arithmetic principles predicts mathematical achievement in college students	13
Playful enactive interventions can enhance agency, empathy and social integration in children	13
Investigating grade-level and text genre effects in Quality Talk discussions: An AI-powered discourse analysis of upper primary students’ high-level comprehension	13
EARLI title page	13
Interleaved practice enhances grammar skill learning for similar and dissimilar tenses in Romance languages	13
Toward adaptive support of pre-service teachers' assessment competencies: Log data in a digital simulation reveal engagement modes	13
Editorial board/Publication information	13
The role of inhibition in overcoming arithmetic natural number bias in the Chinese context: Evidence from behavioral and ERP experiments	13
Commentary on within-person designs and motivational science	12
How knowledge structures transform into scientific creative thinking in the science education context: Behavioral and neural evidence	12
Higher education students’ achievement emotions and their antecedents in e-learning amid COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country survey	12
Boosting debiasing: Impact of repeated training on reasoning	12
Intensive experience sampling to uncover the dynamics: How do creativity anxiety and goal orientations shape students’ creative process?	12
The interplay of rewards and competition in digital game-based learning: Effects on intrinsic motivation, game performance and behaviors, and computational thinking	12
Reflecting on their mission increases preservice teachers’ growth mindsets	12
Are profiles of self-regulated learning and intelligence mindsets related to students’ self-regulated learning and achievement?	12
Maintaining the outcomes of meaningful learning: Where are we and where do we need to go? An introduction to the special issue on lasting learning	12
Applying multimodal learning analytics to naturalistic recordings of clinical simulations: Towards an accurate and scalable pipeline for automated feedback generation	12
Getting lost in new contexts: Weak generalization in artificial orthography learning among groups with literacy deficits	12
Taking a closer look at how higher education students process and use (discrepant) peer feedback	12
Exploring the interaction of writer individual differences in predicting L2 students’ writing achievements	12

Really? It depends! How authentic learning material affects involvement with personal stories of the past	12
Analyzing embodied learning in classroom settings: A human-in-the-loop AI approach for multimodal learning analytics	12
Cognitive aspects of video-based learning with instructor presence depend on pedagogical approaches: A perspective from motivating styles	12
Emotional dynamics and regulation in collaborative learning	12
Editorial Board	12
A meta-analysis of students’ academic learning losses over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic	11
Testing individual and group markers of collaboration in a team-based learning classroom	11
Spatial skills in early childhood education	11
Analysing classroom videos in teacher education— How different instructional settings promote student teachers’ professional vision of classroom management	11
Fostering students' task-related emotions through a value-intervention: An experimental study	11
Effects of interruption on eye movements and comprehension during reading on digital devices	11
Exploring multimedia principles and learning from errors in augmented reality and video	11
Rich data, poor information? Teachers’ perceptions of mean differences in graphical feedback from statewide tests	11
Investigating learner characteristics and processes in Productive Failure and Vicarious Failure to design adaptive guidance	11
Examining myside bias on a controversial historical event after engagement in dialogic argumentation: Insights from a think aloud study	10
Prequestioning with feedback fosters learning in young children	10
Corrigendum to “Can the effects of generative drawing on lasting learning be optimized through integration of retrieval practice?” [Learning and Instruction 98 (2025) 102143]	10
How does interest in a course interact with course learning?	10
Investigating preservice teachers’ emotions and dialogic teaching practices in simulation-based learning with artificial intelligence-powered virtual student agents	10
School grades and students’ emotions: Longitudinal models of within-person reciprocal effects	10
Pointing-tracing effect in computer-based multimedia learning: A potential explanation from the perspective of text-picture integration	10
Editorial Board	10
Emotion regulation and learning from academic failures	10
The impact of a block-based visual programming curriculum: Untangling coding skills and computational thinking	10
Are direct effects of cognitive activation on student outcomes enough? Exploring the role of adaptation and use of opportunities	10
Climate change by the numbers: Leveraging mathematical skills for science learning online	10
Beyond analysing frequencies: Exploring teacher professional vision with epistemic network analysis of teachers’ think-aloud data	10
How stereotype knowledge and stereotype belief impact girls’ self-efficacy and math performance: A response surface analysis approach	10
Writing or speaking? The role of the production medium in the effectiveness of learning journals	10
Complexity affects performance, cognitive load, and awareness	10
The differential impacts of primary mathematics teachers’ multimodal behaviors on student engagement: A deep learning-driven relational matrix network analysis	10
Editorial board/Publication information	9
Retrieval supports word learning in children with Down syndrome	9
Examining the relationship between English as a foreign language learners' cognitive abilities and L2 grit in predicting their writing performance	9
Reading comprehension resiliency in adolescents with and without dyslexia relates to vocabulary, listening comprehension and socioeconomic status	9
Impact of self-view in video communication on group brainstorming	9
Exploring creativity in self-regulated learning and its association with academic performance	9
Scaffolding of learning activities: Aptitude-treatment-interaction effects in math?	9
Revisiting “The Power of Feedback” from the perspective of the learner	9
EARLI title page	9
An unobtrusive approach to modelling team cohesion and collaboration in ecological classroom settings	9
Editorial Board	9
Unveiling passive cross-modal reactivation and validation processes in the processing of multimedia material	9
Take a deep breath or screem it all out: Emotion regulation strategies of young students	9
The influence of textual genre in multiple-text comprehension	8
Editorial board/Publication information	8
Effects of supplemental instruction on grades, mental well-being, and belonging: A field experiment	8
Classroom disruptions: Impact on teachers’ gaze patterns	8
Editorial board/Publication information	8
Inclusive education by teachers to the development of the social and emotional competencies of their students in secondary education	8
Exploring the impact of students' interaction willingness on learning outcomes: An empirical study of cooperative learning in vocational education	8
The effect of mastery goal-complexes on mathematics grades and engagement: The case of Low-SES Peruvian students	8
Can noncomplementarity of agency lead to successful problem solving? A case study on students’ interpersonal behaviors in mathematical problem-solving collaboration	8
Comparing two whole task patient simulations for two different dental education topics	8
Effects of SI-PASS on a high-risk course – A randomized controlled trial	8
Does classroom matter? - A longitudinal multilevel perspective on students' achievement goal orientation profiles during lower secondary school	8
Generative AI as a psychological Empowerer: The central role of self-efficacy in developing pre-service teachers’ instructional design skills	8
Student’s subjective feelings during classroom learning	8
Bridging the digital divide? Effects of analog and digital reading interventions in German elementary schools	8
Student well-being: Advancing knowledge of the construct and the role of learning and teaching factors	8
The role of engagement in immigrant students’ academic resilience	8
Learning from academic video with subtitles: When foreign language proficiency matters	8
Early childcare enrollment and the pursuit of higher education: A Canadian longitudinal study	8
From cradle to classroom: Infant-directed speech facilitates word learning in adults learning English as a foreign language	8
Student characteristics and effort during test-taking	8
Improving (meta)comprehension: Feedback and self-assessment	7
Why do students exhibit different attention-related behavior during instruction? Investigating effects of individual and context-dependent determinants	7
Change and transmission of students' and teachers’ lesson-specific emotions	7
It counts in every single lesson: Between- and within-person associations of teaching quality and student self-regulation	7
Fostering collaboration in simulations: How advanced learners benefit from collaboration scripts and reflection	7
CLIL effects on academic self-concepts: Positive effects in English but detrimental effects in math?	7
COVID-19-related differences in students’ verbal achievements: Comparisons of different cohorts of students with SEN based on large-scale assessment data from Germany	7
How feedback affects emotions, performance and self-concept in mathematics	7
Editorial Board	7
Promoting online participation in hybrid learning settings: Exploring combinations of a collaboration script and collaborative reflection	7
How am I going? Behavioral engagement mediates the effect of individual feedback on writing performance	7
Promoting behavioral assessment with a function-based tool	7
EARLI Association News	7
Teacher-child relationships, early childhood programme quality and early learning in two-year-old toddlers	7
Learning by teaching in immersive virtual reality – Absorption tendency increases learning outcomes	7
Keeping track of expert teachers: Comparing the affordances of think-aloud elicited by two different video perspectives	7
Comparison effects on self- and external ratings: Testing the generalizability of the 2I/E model to parents and teachers of academic track school students	7
Teachers' enthusiasm and humor and its' lagged relationships with students' enjoyment and boredom - A latent trait-state-approach	7
Effects of real-time adaptivity of scaffolding: Supporting pre-service mathematics teachers’ assessment skills in simulations	7
Effects of a literary intervention on interaction quality in small-group discussions in the upper elementary grades	7
Cognition of social rules and routine behavioral adjustment in young children with and without disabilities in inclusive preschools in China	7
Relationality of play and playfulness in early childhood sustainability education	7
Prediction versus production for teaching computer programming	7
Reward and competition in motivation and learning: Myths, pitfalls, and insights	7
The mind, not the pen: Deep notetaking instruction enhances lecture understanding by mitigating overestimation bias	7
The effect of inter-letter spacing on reading performance and eye movements in typically reading and dyslexic children	7
Effects of formative feedback on argumentative writing in English and cross-linguistic transfer to German	7
Creativity in dialogues: How do children interact with parents vs. strangers for generating creative ideas?	7
The viewing perspective effect in learning from instructional videos: A replication and neuroimaging extension	6
Student engagement and teacher emotions in student-teacher dyads: The role of teacher involvement	6