Small Ruminant Research

Papers
(The median citation count of Small Ruminant Research is 2. The table below lists those papers that are above that threshold based on CrossRef citation counts [max. 250 papers]. The publications cover those that have been published in the past four years, i.e., from 2021-11-01 to 2025-11-01.)
ArticleCitations
Population viability analysis on the Iranian endangered goat breeds34
Oral selenium supplementation improves the reproductive performance of rams: A systematic review and meta-analysis31
Essential oil from Arnica montana alters the protein metabolism in lambs fed with high-concentrate diets27
Genome-wide selective sweep analysis of plateau-type Tibetan and Zhashijia Sheep: Insights into adaptation, growth, and meat production traits26
Effect of post-mating GnRH or TAK-683 (Kisspeptin analog) treatment on the reproductive performance and serum progesterone concentration in ewes during the non-breeding season25
Effect of heat stress and herbal products supplementation on the immune response related gene expression patterns in Kenguri ewes22
The use of condensed tannin in lambs' diet alters the rumen protozoa population without affecting growth performance21
Pharmacokinetics of oxfendazole and oxyclozanide following single and combined oral administration in goats21
Evaluating differential lipopolysaccharide-induced behavioral, immune and plasma metabolome responses of St. Croix and Suffolk sheep20
Advances in photoperiodic and bio-stimulations of seasonal reproduction in small ruminants19
Substitution effects of soybean meal by Lathyrus sativus L. (grass pea) on nutrient digestibility, growth performances, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs grazing on saline area17
Using ultrasound to predict fat deposition in growing lambs of different South African sheep breed types16
Neuroprotective effect of goat milk15
First report on molecular characterization and in silico analysis of caprine TCIM gene15
Editorial Board15
Population structure and genomic analyses of carcass back Length, shoulder width and leg width in purebred and crossbred German Merino sheep15
The role of foot conformation in susceptibility of Merino sheep to footrot15
Editorial Board15
Litter size affects ovulation and pregnancy rate after a hormonal treatment without influencing expression of estrus in the anestrous season in ewes15
Analysis of genetic diversity in Latvian Darkheaded sheep population14
Examining across year genotype by environment interactions for production and reproduction traits in Merino sheep14
Biotic potential and pathogenicity of a Haemonchus contortus susceptible laboratory isolate compared to a resistant field isolate in Brazil14
Postprocedural clinical and laboratory evaluation of sheep submitted to different intrabdominal pressures during laparoscopy14
Phenotypic and genetic analyses of parasitological, physiological and immunological indicator traits of gastrointestinal nematode infections in German Merino crossbred lambs13
Effect of polymorphisms in the FAM151B gene on testis-related trait parameters in Hu sheep13
Milkability traits across milk flow curve types in Sarda sheep12
Genetic diversity of native Bulgarian sheep breeds based on the mitochondrial D-loop sequence analysis12
Effects of sheep breed and grass silage quality on voluntary feed intake and enteric methane emissions in adult dry ewes12
Tissue composition and meat quality of lambs fed diets containing whole-plant sesame silage as a replacement for whole-plant corn silage12
The effects of accustoming to handling during the finishing period and weaning status on stress responses to transport, and carcass and meat quality in Kivircik lambs12
Effects of dietary concentrate level and feeding length on nutrient digestibility, rumen hydrolytic enzymes activity, intermediary metabolites, and feeding behavior in growing fat-tailed lambs: Irania11
Follicular development in Pelibuey ewes in different seasons determined by ultrasonography11
Feed intake, feeding behavior, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics of goats fed pelleted total mixed rations with varying Rhodes hay levels11
The occupied proportion of hair follicle group in Inner Mongolia cashmere goat (Capra hircus)11
Association of ovine follistatin gene polymorphisms with body measurements, fat-tail traits and morphometric of head in Iranian Mehraban sheep11
Morphological characterization of indigenous goat population in Ethiopia using canonical discriminant analysis11
Exploring gelatin from Black Bengal and Native Deccani Goat skin: Specialty meat breeds of India10
Age of eruption of the first permanent incisors varies between Merino genotypes and is related to liveweight10
Changes in markets for lamb in livestock family farming in Brazil10
Effect of prolific breed type and silage type on ewe performance during late pregnancy10
Effects of an array of dietary treatments and length of feeding on ruminal methane emission and other variables in hair sheep10
Extended effects of an aggressive spring-time anthelmintic treatment on Haemonchus contortus in sheep from a North America cold winter climate10
Polymorphisms of PRKAA1 and FABP4 genes and their association with feed efficiency in Hu sheep10
Sugarcane replaced by cactus cladodes improves the ruminal dynamics of sheep10
Study of milkability and associated factors in hand milked Indian Dromedary Camel10
Evaluation of careers and performances of goats with extended lactations10
Prevalence and risk factors of Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis10
Determinants of motives for keeping small ruminants: Evidence from the Northern Ghana10
Gas therapies improve chronic osteoarthritis and productivity in SRLV-infected dairy goats9
Association of POU1F1 gene polymorphism with pre-pubertal body weight in Attappady Black goats of India9
Oral sugar and vasopressin: Possible alternative in the management of ovine pregnancy toxemia9
Supplementing a phytogenic-rich herbal mixture to heat-stressed lambs: Growth performance, carcass yield, and muscle and liver antioxidant status9
Association of the LPL gene polymorphisms with fatty acid composition in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Hu sheep9
The use of PCR method for adulteration detection of goat dairy products manufactured by smallholders9
Study of melanin distribution in the hair cells of Karakul lambs of different colours9
Comparison of susceptibility of different goat breeds to live attenuated goatpox vaccine9
Serodiagnosis of hydatidosis in sheep and goats in Siirt province, Türkiye, and an alternative approach to the interpretation of serology results9
Evaluation of nonlinear models to define growth curve in Lohi sheep9
The impact of genetic selection for increased production on fitness traits of small ruminants9
Evaluation of the genotype and slaughter weight effect on the meat production traits: Comparison of fattening, slaughter, and carcass characteristics between two native sheep9
Crude glycerin and cottonseed cake replacing common energy and protein sources on the metabolism of feedlot lambs9
Two-dimensional, m-mode and doppler-derived echocardiographic parameters in standing healthy dorper sheep9
Climate resilience of goat breeds in India: A review9
Effects of prepartum melatonin treatment and suckling on postpartum reproductive performance of Beetal goats under subtropical conditions9
Estimation of the intake capacity of Lacaune dairy ewes at maintenance8
The extent of placental pathology is negatively correlated to birth weight in ewes infected with the wild-type strain of Chlamydia abortus8
GnRH administration after estrus induction protocol decreases the pregnancy rate of recipient ewes following transfer of frozen-thawed embryos8
Investigation of the effects of pulmonary adenomatosis on oxidative dna damage, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in lung tissues in sheep8
Carcass traits and tissue composition of commercial cuts in hair lambs of different genetic groups finished at 50 kg: Multivariate approach8
Reactions of Alpacas to Shearing and Accompanying Procedures8
Adipose tissues of fat-tailed sheep reared in highland or lowland: Fatty acids and volatile compounds8
Production evaluation of Booroola fecundity (FecB) gene introgressed Avishaan sheep in semi-arid tropics of India8
Challenges using serological diagnostics in elimination of visna/maedi: Serological results from two outbreaks in Norwegian sheep8
An assessment of small ruminant production, marketing, and investment options in Somaliland: A system dynamics approach8
Effect of short-term radiation stress on physiological and hematological parameters in Pelibuey sheep in Cuba8
All-Editors' choice for 20238
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) silage compared peanut vine hay (Arachis hypogaea L.) exhibits greater feed efficiency via enhancing nutrient digestion and promoting rumen fermentation more effici8
Lactate dehydrogenase: Detecting high bacterial and somatic cells counts in goats from whole milk samples8
Comparative study of the outcome of yogurt-type fermentation of lactose-containing and lactose-free cow and sheep milk8
Livelihood and production strategies of livestock keepers and their perceptions on climate change in the Central Peruvian Andes8
Use of in vivo video image analysis as a substitute for manual biometric measurements on the prediction of qualitative and quantitative carcass characteristics of hair sheep lambs7
InDels of ewe functional genes and their association with follicular cysts7
Performance and feed efficiency of heat-stressed lambs of different genotypes in response to dietary lipid sources and residual feed intake status7
Editorial Board7
Exploring the commercial viability of goat milk from a developing country perspective: Implications for consumer preferences, market dynamics, and food security7
A life cycle perspective of lamb meat production systems from Turkey and the EU7
Editorial Board7
Introgression in domestic camelid productive systems in Bolivia7
Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services7
Production efficiency, milk yield, and milk composition and fatty acids profile of lactating goats feeding formaldehyde-treated canola meal in two levels of dietary crude protein7
Invited review. Milk clotting enzymes: A transcendental decision in goat´s milk cheese quality7
Genetic signatures of meat type Kanniadu goat: A genome-wide exploration7
Effect of supplementation of bioactive rich tree leaves on nutrient utilization, growth performance, methane emission and fatty acid profile in finisher lambs fed energy dense diet7
Anti-mullerian hormone as a predictive endocrine marker for selection of White Dorper ewe lambs at prepubertal age7
Efficacy of formic acid, enzymes, and microbial additives in silage on the performance of sheep: Systematic review and meta-analysis7
Effect of age and gender of animal on physicomechanical properties of Bangladeshi goat leather7
Analysis of inbreeding of the Latvian local goat breed7
Evaluation of terminal sire breeds for hair sheep production systems: Forage environment7
Effects of nitroglycerin and flunixin meglumine on circulating inflammatory, cardiovascular and hepatorenal biomarkers of ovine experimental endotoxemia model7
Drinking behaviour of llamas (Lama glama) in choice tests for fresh or saline water7
Using GC-MS to investigate the effects of post-mortem aging on volatile metabolites in Hu sheep meat7
Rearing system, socio-economic status and common diseases frequency of goats in the Northern part of Bangladesh7
The estimation of genetic parameters and genetic trends for growth traits in Markhoz goats7
Use of real-time ultrasound measurements of fat thickness and longissimus thoracis muscle characteristics for predicting body fat depots in crossbred hair ewes7
Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers unveil the genetic structure of Nellore Palla sheep of India7
Development of breed traceability for autochthonous attappady black goats of South India7
Editorial Board6
Comparative evaluation of different animal models for genetic analysis of body weight traits in an organized Corriedale sheep population6
The effects of mitochondria-targeted (MitoQ and Mito-TEMPO) and untargeted (SOD and CoQ10) antioxidants on ram’s sperm quality and fertility potential during the cooling storage6
Relationship between subclinical mastitis and reproduction in Lacaune sheep6
The role of non-aureus Staphylococcus in small ruminant mastitis: A systemic review on etiological agents, risk factors, virulence determinants, and novel treatments6
Identification and characterization of novel PRNP haplotypes in the Assaf sheep breed from Palestine6
Discarded pecan seeds as an alternative feedstuff in lamb diets: Effects on intake, growth performance, carcass weights, and meat quality6
Prediction of associative effects between forages and supplements in goats6
Diplotype-based assessment of GNRHR gene polymorphisms and their role in determining litter size at birth in the Malabari goat population of South India6
Performance, fecal egg count and feeding behavior of lambs grazing elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) with increased levels of protein supplementation6
Microhistological epidermal atlas for identifying plants consumed by South American camelids in the dry Peruvian Puna6
High accumulation of lipofuscin is observed in preantral follicles of adult goat ovaries: Is it a senescence sign?6
Effect of NDF levels of complete pelleted diet and dietary transition period on rumen pH, growth performance, digestibility, and blood indices in fattening male goats6
Genetic diversity analysis of Indonesian indigenous goat breeds based on microsatellite markers6
Cocoa husks fed to lactating dairy ewes affect milk fatty acid profile and oxidative status of blood and milk6
Conventional and alternative treatment of mastitis in dairy goats6
Bovine amniotic membrane stem cell-conditioned medium improves the culture conditions for in vitro produced ovine embryos6
Editorial Board6
Genetic analysis of parent-of-origin effects on growth traits and yearling greasy fleece weight in Raeini Cashmere goat6
Antioxidant effects of zinc-oxide nanoparticles on post-thaw quality and in vivo fertility of Beetal buck spermatozoa6
Plasminogen activator activity and plasminogen activator inhibition in the uterus of ewes after the induction of oestrus synchronization or superovulation, involving eCG6
Effect of whole sesame seeds on the expression of key genes in monocytes of dairy goats6
The candidate genes and pathways affecting litter size in sheep6
Physiological responses, ethology, and ingestive behavior of Anglo-Nubiana goats submitted to different air temperatures6
Genetic diversity and maternal origins of indigenous sheep populations in north Ethiopia6
Effects of tannins supplementation to sheep diets on their performance, carcass parameters and meat fatty acid profile: A meta-analysis study6
Inversion of a paradigm: The positive roles of plant phenolics in dairy goat nutrition6
Genetic characterization and bottleneck analysis of Molai Adu and Pallai Adu goats from Southern India6
Editorial Board6
Elucidating genetic diversity and population structure of Alpine x Beetal goats using pedigree analysis6
Energy and protein requirements for maintenance and growth in female hair sheep6
A homozygosity-based investigation of the South African feral Tankwa goat population6
Effect of fibrolytic enzyme supplementation of urea-treated wheat straw on nutrient intake, digestion, growth performance, and blood parameters of growing lambs6
Evaluation of the skeletal ossification of sheep fetuses at different gestational ages (20–95 days) using radiography and whole-mount skeletal staining6
Effects of the concentration of plasma platelet on the cryopreservation of ram semen6
Comparison of non-linear models and genetic parameter estimation for growth curve traits in the Murciano-Granadina goat breed6
In fat-tailed sheep, variation of energy intake affected growth performances, carcass muscle and tail fat, without modifying carcass fat: A meta-analysis5
Bottlenecks analysis using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) throughout the value chain of small ruminants in India5
Fatty acids composition and health indices in different fat and muscle locations of lambs from crossbreeding between Lori-Bakhtiari and Romanov sheep breeds5
The novel candidate gene Grb10 regulates the growth performance of Guizhou white goats5
Milk yield, composition and immune status of dairy goats and respective goat kids fed diets with selenium and vitamin E supplementation5
Editorial Board5
Ovarian activity, metabolic and physiological parameters of canindé goats submitted to short-term supplementation with licuri oil5
Editorial Board5
A study on the genetic diversity and subpopulation structure of three Bulgarian mountainous sheep breeds, based on genotyping of microsatellite markers5
Preference and discrimination behaviour of llamas to saline drinking water5
Validation of a portable glucose meter in blood glucose measurement in normoglycemic goats induced to hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia5
Short-term energy supplementation before lambing improves maternal behaviour, udder volume, colostrum viscosity and lamb birthweight in ewes under extensive grazing5
On farm welfare assessment of European fattening lambs5
Effects of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine on intraocular pressure, pupil size, and tear secretion in clinically normal Ghezel sheep5
Effects of Pistacia atlantica gum essential oil on ruminal methanogen, protozoa, selected bacteria species and fermentation characteristics in sheep5
Dietary supplementation of saffron petal elicits positive effects on performance, antioxidant status, and health of dairy goats5
Clinicopathological findings and etiological characterization in caprine gangrenous mastitis5
TNNT1 gene expression and its polymorphism association with growth traits and feed intake in sheep5
Characterization of a 7 bp indel in MARCH1 promoter associated with reproductive traits in Malabari and Attappady Black goats of India5
Editorial Board5
Obtaining and evaluating goat milk powder derived from milk of local producers in northwestern Argentina5
Editorial Board5
Sensory and volatile aromatic compound differences of paired lamb loins with 0 or 14 day dry aging5
Estimates of genetic parameters and genetic trends for growth traits in Menz sheep under community-based breeding programs5
Effect of Lippia alba hay as phytogenic feed additive on the lactation performance, milk composition, and rumen and blood parameters of Alpine goats5
Typology of dairy goat production systems in a semiarid region of Brazil5
Community-based vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) shearing in the arid Puna of Argentina: Body weight and fiber traits obtained during the chakus5
Analysis of goat production and marketing among smallholder farmers Zambia5
Abomasal ulcers: Do ranitidine or omeprazole prevent phenylbutazone-induced lesions in sheep?5
One intron variant in the oocyte expressed protein (OOEP) gene is associated with twinning rate, prolificacy, and several body measurement traits in Awassi ewes5
Follow-up investigation revealed that sheep may play an important role in the transmission of Leptospira spp. infection in Caatinga biome field conditions5
The effect of probiotic supplementation in Kamieniec lambs on meat quality5
Breed and crossbreeding effects on growth, fitness and reproduction of commercial sheep in South Africa5
Colour phenotypes, genotypes and colorimetry of unprocessed North American Huacaya alpaca fibre, and comparisons with some other common natural fibres5
Nutrient restriction during pregnancy and litter size affect the feeding behaviour, feed preference and welfare of the aged ewe’s offspring5
Recessive mutation for low fibre curvature in the wool of sheep5
The effect of an antioxidant supplement based on selenium, electrolytes, and vitamins on relieving transportation stress in goats5
Seeing beyond gait: A case study identifying chronic laminitis in 3 goats5
Editorial Board5
Evaluation of new formulations of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans to control gastrointestinal nematodes in post-weaning lambs in Colombia Andean region5
Insulin like growth factor I plasma concentration assessment during the luteal phase in pregnant and non pregnant llamas5
Relationship between transport-induced stress and the expression levels of some genes in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway in Kivircik lambs5
Typification of ovine and caprine production systems in the Colombian dry tropic5
Editorial Board5
Effects of mild water restriction on nutrient digestion and protein metabolism in desert-adapted goats5
Whole genome sequencing identified candidate genes related to litter size of Qinghai fine wool sheep under artificial selection5
Dexmedetomidine and xylazine in sheep: A study of cardiopulmonary, hematological, and gastrointestinal effects5
Wool cortisol concentrations trends in the lamb from birth to slaughter4
Physiological responses of Santa Inês x Dorper ewes and lambs to thermal environment of silvopasture and open pasture systems4
Effect of administration of flunixin meglumine on pregnancy and pregnancy loss rates after transfer of low-quality embryos in dromedary camels4
Nutrient intake, in vivo digestibility, growth performance and carcass quality of growing lambs fed concentrate diets containing sweet lupin grain (Lupinus angustifolius)4
A protocol to assess the welfare of dairy ewes: From science to the field4
Ultrasonography and computer-assisted assessment of postpartum uterine echotexture and its relationship with peripheral oxidative stress biomarkers in goats4
The global seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in deer: a systematic review and meta-analysis study4
Selection of reliable reference genes for gene expression studies involving peripheral blood mononuclear cells in small ruminants4
Discovery of novel insertion SNPs in the ADRB2 gene associated with sheep growth performance4
Does the gender of farmers matter for improving small ruminant productivity? A Kenyan case study4
Water balance, physiological, productive and economic performance of South African lamb breeds offered limited amounts of drinking water under feedlot conditions4
The effects of age of castration on carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profile of finishing South African Mutton Merino lambs4
Does phytogenic natural compound improve growth, physiological status, antioxidant parameters, digestibility and nutritive value of Ossimi lambs4
Identification of two novel SNPs in the myocyte enhancer factor 2B (MEF2B) gene and its association with growth traits in two breeds of Turkish sheep4
Effect of technical cashew nut shell liquid on growth, physicochemical and fatty acid composition of lamb meat4
Birth, colostrum, and vigour traits of lambs born from Corriedale ewes grazing native pastures supplemented during the peripartum period4
Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes supplementation on voluntary intake, availability of nutrients and growth performance in Black Bengal kids (Capra hircus)4
Editorial Board4
Dietary tannin and different breeds alter the fatty acid profile and sensory properties of artisanal goat coalho cheese4
Effect of sire fecal egg count estimated breeding value on Katahdin lamb parasite resistance in pasture-based system4
Effect of treating Searsia lancea with polyethylene glycol on performance of Boer goats fed Cenchrus ciliaris based diet4
Group structure in vicuña (Vicugna vicugna mensalis) subject to chaku management in central Andes, Peru4
Effect of supplementing magnesium oxide or brucite on plasma magnesium, rumen pH, rumen protozoa and plasma glucose levels in dairy goats4
A novel SNP within LIPE gene is highly associated with sheep intramuscular fat content4
Nutrition of lambs with chromium propionate and its effects on metabolism, performance and meat quality4
Clinical effects of epidurally administered lidocaine with or without dexmedetomidine in sheep4
Behavioural biology of South American domestic camelids: An overview from a welfare perspective4
Opportunities and challenges for the integration of sheep and crops in the Rio de la Plata region of South America4
Lamb survival and ewe longevity in a crossbreeding program between indigenous and exotic sheep in semi-arid lands4
Cactus-alfalfa blend silage as an alternative feedstuff for Saanen dairy goats: Effect on feed intake, milk yield and components, blood and rumen parameters4
Assessment of lamb meat quality in two cooking methods: Water bath versus oven cooking4
Influence of management and farm characteristics on microbiological quality and physico-chemical features of sheep milk produced in Tuscany farms (Italy)4
Dietary supplementation improves animal performance and reduces methane emission intensity in young llamas grazing natural forages4
Investigation of ischemia-modified albumin and thiol/disulfide homeostasis for the determination of oxidative stress in sheep with toxoplasmosis4
Development and validation of an indirect ELISA for the serodiagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in goats4
Identification of the association of the GH, IGF-I and Pit-I gene polymorphism with growth traits in Saanen, Alpine and Boer goat breed4
Short duration heatwaves increase body temperature and alter blood gas balance but may not cause oxidative stress and intestinal structure variations in lambs4
Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli from goat farms and the potential treatment by Acalypha indica L. extract4
How does maternal genetic merit and country of origin impact lamb performance pre- and post-weaning?4
Orange (Citrus sinensis) essential oil inclusion in high-energy diets for feedlot lambs: productivity, eating behavior, carcass characteristics, rumen morphometry, and fatty acid profile of the meat4
The bargaining reality and safety issues of goat marketing at the marketplace in Bangladesh4
Coconut water-based extender for seminal preservation in small ruminants: A meta-analysis study4
Genome-wide runs of homozygosity in Indian goat breeds reared under small holder production system4
Prevalence and risk factors of Brucella spp. in goats in Borana pastoral area, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia4
Effectiveness of genetic grouping with different strategies for estimation of genetic parameters in growth traits in Merino lambs4
In vitro infection model in primary macrophages and in vivo evaluation of benzathine cloxacillin nanoparticles for the treatment of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in goats4
Meta-analysis of organic chromium dietary supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and serum metabolites of lambs4
Characteristics of indigenous goats and the effects of crossbreeding on goat performance for rural livelihoods sustainability4
Evaluation of rheological properties of plant extracts from Mediterranean flora in goat milk4
Preliminary validation of a single-spot version of a solid-phase competition ELISA for the detection of southern African territories foot-and-mouth disease serotype exposure in goats4
Editorial Board4
Effect of dietary inclusion of urea encapsulated in low-trans vegetable fat microspheres on fatty acids intake, carcass traits, quality, and fatty acid composition of lamb meat4
Genetic variations of α-casein and K-casein genes associated with milk composition in goats4
The impact of autologous platelet-rich plasma supplement on Ossimi ram semen quality and fertility: In vivo fertility of freshly diluted and frozen-thawed spermatozoa4
Changes in the testicular histomorphometry and their association with genes expression pattern of testes from birth to puberty in Beetal goat kids4
Effect of genetic variation in ACADM on slaughter and meat quality traits in Guizhou black goat4
Lipid supplementation with macadamia by-product reduces methane emissions by sheep3
Gene expression profiles in the oocyte and granulosa cells and concomitant follicular fluid steroid hormone concentrations in pregnant versus non-pregnant she-camels3
Effect of processing with ozone on in vitro and in situ ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of feather meal protein3
Exploring the genetic diversity: A review of germplasm in Nigerian indigenous goat breeds3
Does fat-tail docking and Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation affect feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of finishing lambs?3
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