European Journal of Epidemiology

Article	Citations
Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19	1209
Assessing the age specificity of infection fatality rates for COVID-19: systematic review, meta-analysis, and public policy implications	525
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children: results of a survey in 16 countries	367
Vaccine confidence in the time of COVID-19	310
Mistrust in biomedical research and vaccine hesitancy: the forefront challenge in the battle against COVID-19 in Italy	308
Objectives, design and main findings until 2020 from the Rotterdam Study	298
‘Vaccine hesitancy’ among university students in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic	297
Mendelian randomisation for mediation analysis: current methods and challenges for implementation	246
Anemia and iron metabolism in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis	235
Dynamic interventions to control COVID-19 pandemic: a multivariate prediction modelling study comparing 16 worldwide countries	193
Systemic inflammation markers and cancer incidence in the UK Biobank	149
Covid-19 epidemic in Italy: evolution, projections and impact of government measures	149
Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages and risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and all-cause mortality: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies	141
Consumption of red meat and processed meat and cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies	131
Global, regional and time-trend prevalence of central obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13.2 million subjects	106
Identifying typical trajectories in longitudinal data: modelling strategies and interpretations	103
Risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, and subsequent all-cause mortality in Sweden: a nationwide study	96
Long-term strategies to control COVID-19 in low and middle-income countries: an options overview of community-based, non-pharmacological interventions	89
How to detect and reduce potential sources of biases in studies of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19	86
COVID-19 mortality in the UK Biobank cohort: revisiting and evaluating risk factors	80
The LifeCycle Project-EU Child Cohort Network: a federated analysis infrastructure and harmonized data of more than 250,000 children and parents	79
Increases in COVID-19 are unrelated to levels of vaccination across 68 countries and 2947 counties in the United States	71
Over- and under-estimation of COVID-19 deaths	60
Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease in China, 1980–2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 617 studies	59
Are Mendelian randomization investigations immune from bias due to reverse causation?	57

A case study in model failure? COVID-19 daily deaths and ICU bed utilisation predictions in New York state	55
Evidence of early circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in France: findings from the population-based “CONSTANCES” cohort	53
Ethnic differences in COVID-19 mortality during the first two waves of the Coronavirus Pandemic: a nationwide cohort study of 29 million adults in England	53
Lifestyle and metabolic factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Mendelian randomization study	52
Data extraction for epidemiological research (DExtER): a novel tool for automated clinical epidemiology studies	50
Prediction meets causal inference: the role of treatment in clinical prediction models	49
Assessing causality in epidemiology: revisiting Bradford Hill to incorporate developments in causal thinking	49
The Swedish medical birth register during five decades: documentation of the content and quality of the register	48
Excess risk and clusters of symptoms after COVID-19 in a large Norwegian cohort	48
Influence of periodontal disease on risk of dementia: a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis	47
Applying the exposome concept in birth cohort research: a review of statistical approaches	46
The Malmö Offspring Study (MOS): design, methods and first results	41
Thyroid function, sex hormones and sexual function: a Mendelian randomization study	40
The Dementias Platform UK (DPUK) Data Portal	39
COVID-19: US federal accountability for entry, spread, and inequities—lessons for the future	36
Physical activity and the risk of heart failure: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies	35
Cohort profile: Singapore Preconception Study of Long-Term Maternal and Child Outcomes (S-PRESTO)	34
Adherence to a plant-based, high-fibre dietary pattern is related to regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an elderly population	34
Second wave of COVID-19 in Brazil: younger at higher risk	34
Prediction or causality? A scoping review of their conflation within current observational research	33
An epidemiological modelling approach for COVID-19 via data assimilation	32
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Denmark: nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study	32
The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 epidemic growth in the 37 OECD member states	31
The China birth cohort study (CBCS)	31
Burden and prevalence of prognostic factors for severe COVID-19 in Sweden	31
The profile of Rafsanjan Cohort Study	30
Infection fatality rate of COVID-19 in community-dwelling elderly populations	30
Maternal hypertensive disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring: a population-based cohort in two Nordic countries	30
The limits of small-for-gestational-age as a high-risk category	30
Association between body mass index, its change and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: a community-based, 9-year prospective cohort study	29
Protecting against researcher bias in secondary data analysis: challenges and potential solutions	29
Genetic liability to insomnia in relation to cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomisation study	29
Body mass index and risk of infections: a Mendelian randomization study of 101,447 individuals	28
Nationwide seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Israel	28
Gender specific excess mortality in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic accounting for age	28
Framework and baseline examination of the German National Cohort (NAKO)	28
Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease: Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study	28
Female reproductive factors and the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a nationwide cohort study	28
Global assessment of C-reactive protein and health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of evidence from observational studies and Mendelian randomization studies	28
Physical activity and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: assessing the impact of reverse causation and measurement error in two large prospective cohorts	28
Serum copper-to-zinc-ratio and risk of incident infection in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study	27
Body size and weight change over adulthood and risk of breast cancer by menopausal and hormone receptor status: a pooled analysis of 20 prospective cohort studies	27
Adiposity, diabetes, lifestyle factors and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a Mendelian randomization study	26
Vaccine hesitancy due to vaccine country of origin, vaccine technology, and certification	25
Using excess deaths and testing statistics to determine COVID-19 mortalities	25
Counterfactual prediction is not only for causal inference	24
Exploring and mitigating potential bias when genetic instrumental variables are associated with multiple non-exposure traits in Mendelian randomization	24
Marital status and prostate cancer incidence: a pooled analysis of 12 case–control studies from the PRACTICAL consortium	23
The EU Child Cohort Network’s core data: establishing a set of findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable (FAIR) variables	23
Secondary attack rates of COVID-19 in Norwegian families: a nation-wide register-based study	23

Antipsychotic use in dementia: the relationship between neuropsychiatric symptom profiles and adverse outcomes	23
Different approaches to quantify years of life lost from COVID-19	23
Prenatal and postnatal exposure to acetaminophen in relation to autism spectrum and attention-deficit and hyperactivity symptoms in childhood: Meta-analysis in six European population-based cohorts	22
The NYU Children’s Health and Environment Study	22
Alcohol consumption in relation to cardiovascular diseases and mortality: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies	22
Calcium intake, calcium supplementation and cardiovascular disease and mortality in the British population: EPIC-norfolk prospective cohort study and meta-analysis	21
Vitamin D food fortification in European countries: the underused potential to prevent cancer deaths	21
Avoiding collider bias in Mendelian randomization when performing stratified analyses	21
Sedentary behavior and cancer–an umbrella review and meta-analysis	21
Physical activity and risk of atrial fibrillation in the general population: meta-analysis of 23 cohort studies involving about 2 million participants	20
Risk factors for COVID-19-related death, hospitalization and intensive care: a population-wide study of all inhabitants in Stockholm	19
The nationwide Finnish anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (FinACAF): study rationale, design, and patient characteristics	19
Mortality among individuals exposed to atomic bomb radiation in utero: 1950–2012	19
The paramount importance of serological surveys of SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunity	19
Amyloid, tau and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study	19
Decrease of cancer diagnosis during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis	18
Risk prediction models versus simplified selection criteria to determine eligibility for lung cancer screening: an analysis of German federal-wide survey and incidence data	18
Estimated lifetime risk of venous thromboembolism in men and women in a Danish nationwide cohort: impact of competing risk of death	18
COVID-19 prevalence and mortality in longer-term care facilities	18
Sedentary behaviour in relation to ovarian cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis	18
Economic uncertainty and suicide in the United States	17
A mixtures approach to solvent exposures and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population-based study in Denmark	17
National all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Danish registry-based study	17
SES inequalities in cause-specific adult mortality: a study of the long-term trends using longitudinal individual data for Sweden (1813–2014)	16
Forecasting efforts from prior epidemics and COVID-19 predictions	16
Environmental factors, serum biomarkers and risk of atrial fibrillation: an exposure-wide umbrella review of meta-analyses	16
Decline of coronary heart disease mortality is strongly effected by changing patterns of underlying causes of death: an analysis of mortality data from 27 countries of the WHO European region 2000 and	15
The influence of maternal mental illness on vaccination uptake in children: a UK population-based cohort study	15
One in five patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy dies from other causes than cardiac or respiratory failure	15
The Swedish military conscription register: opportunities for its use in medical research	15
Time-to-pregnancy and risk of cardiovascular disease among men and women	15
The iBerry study: a longitudinal cohort study of adolescents at high risk of psychopathology	14
The impact of a healthy lifestyle on the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes	14
Citrus intake and risk of skin cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort (EPIC)	14
Are depressive disorders caused by psychosocial stressors at work? A systematic review with metaanalysis	14
Pre-diagnostic circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 and risk of COVID-19 mortality: results from UK Biobank	14
Long-term prognosis after kidney donation: a propensity score matched comparison of living donors and non-donors from two population cohorts	14
Pre-pandemic cognitive function and COVID-19 mortality: prospective cohort study	14
Maternal exposure to airborne polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and risk of adverse birth outcomes	13
Alcohol intake in early adulthood and risk of colorectal cancer: three large prospective cohort studies of men and women in the United States	13
Cohort profile and representativeness of participants in the Diet, Cancer and Health—Next Generations cohort study	13
Hypothetical blood-pressure-lowering interventions and risk of stroke and dementia	13
COVID-19 and mental health: a longitudinal population study from Norway	12
Modern Epidemiology, 4th edition. TL Lash, TJ VanderWeele, S Haneuse, KJ Rothman. Wolters Kluwer, 2021	12
Methodical considerations on adjusting for Charlson Comorbidity Index in epidemiological studies	12
The potential impact of previous exposure to SARS or MERS on control of the COVID-19 pandemic	12
The double burden of disease of COVID-19 in cardiovascular patients: overlapping conditions could lead to overlapping treatments	12
Exploring domains, clinical implications and environmental associations of a deep learning marker of biological ageing	12
Comparative effectiveness and safety of direct acting oral anticoagulants in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation for stroke prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis	12
The German National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON): rationale, study design and baseline characteristics	12
Genetically predicted body composition in relation to cardiometabolic traits: a Mendelian randomization study	12
Comparative effectiveness of contact tracing interventions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review	12
Years of life lost methods must remain fully equitable and accountable	12
Zinc supplement use and risk of aggressive prostate cancer: a 30-year follow-up study	11
Association between vitamin K1 intake and mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort	11
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its control measures on cardiovascular and antidiabetic drugs use in France in 2020: a nationwide repeated cohort study	11
The association between meat and fish consumption and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 11 cohort studies	11
A longitudinal evaluation of alcohol intake throughout adulthood and colorectal cancer risk	11
Circulating lipoprotein (a) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis	11
Revival of ecological studies during the COVID-19 pandemic	11
Biases arising from linked administrative data for epidemiological research: a conceptual framework from registration to analyses	11
Prospective associations between sustainable dietary pattern assessed with the Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) and risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort	11
Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population: Analysis of nationwide serosurvey data in the Netherlands	11
Physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis	11
Prognostic models in COVID-19 infection that predict severity: a systematic review	11
Maternal healthful dietary patterns during peripregnancy and long-term overweight risk in their offspring	11
The methodologies to assess the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19: a systematic review	11
Ageing-related markers and risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease: a prospective study in the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort	11
Risk of thyroid cancer in Ukrainian cleanup workers following the Chornobyl accident	10
The diverse life-course cohort (DLCC): protocol of a large-scale prospective study in China	10
Alcohol consumption, blood DNA methylation and breast cancer: a Mendelian randomisation study	10
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials of hydroxychloroquine for the prevention of COVID-19	10
Incidence of Parkinson’s disease in French women from the E3N cohort study over 27 years of follow-up	10
The rise and fall of diseases: reflections on the history of population health in Europe since ca. 1700	10
Plasma metabolomic profiles for colorectal cancer precursors in women	10
Postnatal exposure to mercury and neuropsychological development among preschooler children	10
A population-based cohort study of sex and risk of severe outcomes in covid-19	10
Lifestyle risk factors and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: assessing the influence of reverse causation in a prospective cohort of 457,021 US adults	10
The effects of incidental findings from whole-body MRI on the frequency of biopsies and detected malignancies or benign conditions in a general population cohort study	10
Oral contraceptive use by formulation and endometrial cancer risk among women born in 1947–1964: The Nurses’ Health Study II, a prospective cohort study	10

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within households: a remote prospective cohort study in European countries	9
Generalizability and effect measure modification in sibling comparison studies	9
Disease mapping of early- and late-stage cancer to monitor inequalities in early detection: a study of cutaneous malignant melanoma	9
The underwhelming German life expectancy	9
Individual model forecasts can be misleading, but together they are useful	9
Design, implementation and initial findings of COVID-19 research in the Rotterdam Study: leveraging existing infrastructure for population-based investigations on an emerging disease	9
Characterising patterns of COVID-19 and long COVID symptoms: evidence from nine UK longitudinal studies	9
Dietary fat intake and risk of Parkinson disease: results from the Swedish National March Cohort	9
Healthy lifestyle in older adults and life expectancy with and without heart failure	9
Long-term intake of total energy and fat in relation to subjective cognitive decline	9
Heart rate, intelligence in adolescence, and Parkinson’s disease later in life	9
Suicide in prison and after release: a 17-year national cohort study	9
The Danish National Register of assisted reproductive technology: content and research potentials	9
Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness	9
Estimated preventable COVID-19-associated deaths due to non-vaccination in the United States	9
Temporal trends in calls for suicide attempts to poison control centers in France during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study	9
Association between serum pyrethroid insecticide levels and incident type 2 diabetes risk: a nested case–control study in Dongfeng–Tongji cohort	8
Mendelian randomization analysis does not support causal associations of birth weight with hypertension risk and blood pressure in adulthood	8
Immune age and biological age as determinants of vaccine responsiveness among elderly populations: the Human Immunomics Initiative research program	8
Statistical Analysis in the German National Cohort (NAKO) – Specific Aspects and General Recommendations	8
Diabetes mellitus, prediabetes and the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 cohort studies with 29.9 million participants and 86,345 cases	8
10 K: a large‐scale prospective longitudinal study in Israel	8
Nuts and legumes consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis	8
The estimated disease burden of acute COVID-19 in the Netherlands in 2020, in disability-adjusted life-years	8
Prioritisation and design of clinical trials	8
Non-therapeutic male circumcision in infancy or childhood and risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections: national cohort study in Denmark	8
COVID-19 and the need of targeted inverse quarantine	8
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on inanimate surfaces: a systematic review and meta-analysis	8
Years of life lost during the Covid-19 pandemic in Sweden considering variation in life expectancy by level of geriatric care	8
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on myocardial infarction care	8
Dispositional optimism and depression risk in older women in the Nurses´ Health Study: a prospective cohort study	7
Effect of religious service attendance on mortality and hospitalisations among Danish men and women: longitudinal findings from REGLINK-SHAREDK	7
Cohort Profile Update: the China Metal-Exposed workers Cohort Study (Jinchang Cohort)	7
SARS-CoV-2 elicits non-sterilizing immunity and evades vaccine-induced immunity: implications for future vaccination strategies	7
Is the association of overweight and obesity with colorectal cancer underestimated? An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses	7
Parental age and birth defects: a sibling study	7
A robust mean and variance test with application to high-dimensional phenotypes	7
Excess death estimates from multiverse analysis in 2009–2021	7
Relationship between chocolate consumption and overall and cause-specific mortality, systematic review and updated meta-analysis	7
Assessment of cancer screening effectiveness in the era of screening programs	7
Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of breast cancer in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study	7
War in Europe: health implications of environmental nuclear disaster amidst war	6
The PROactive cohort study: rationale, design, and study procedures	6
COVID-19: facts and failures, a tale of two worlds	6
Statin use is associated with lower risk of dementia in stroke patients: a community-based cohort study with inverse probability weighted marginal structural model analysis	6
Non-COVID-19 deaths after social distancing in Norway	6
Kidney function and risk of dementia: Observational study, meta-analysis, and two-sample mendelian randomization study	6
Socioeconomic inequalities in dementia risk among a French population-based cohort: quantifying the role of cardiovascular health and vascular events	6
The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis	6
Does death from Covid-19 arise from a multi-step process?	6
Smoking as the most important risk factor for chronic pancreatitis in the general population	6
Self-reported insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, chronotype and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI): a prospective study in the UK Biobank and the HUNT Study	6
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 before and after symptom onset: impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions in China	6
Work stress and loss of years lived without chronic disease: an 18-year follow-up of 1.5 million employees in Denmark	6
Predicting counterfactual risks under hypothetical treatment strategies: an application to HIV	6
A comprehensive analysis of all-cause and cause-specific excess deaths in 30 countries during 2020	6
APOE ε4 and late-life cognition: mediation by structural brain imaging markers	6
A randomized controlled trial comparing community lifestyle interventions to improve adherence to diet and physical activity recommendations: the VitalUM study	5
Bone mineral density and risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women: the HUNT study	5
Body mass index in young adulthood and risk of subsequent dementia at different levels of intelligence and education in Danish men	5
When will individuals meet their personalized probabilities? A philosophical note on risk prediction	5
Community-level characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in England: A nationwide cross-sectional study	5
Risk of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in smokers lacks causal evidence	5
Maternal use of hormonal contraception and risk of childhood ADHD: a nationwide population-based cohort study	5
Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of 25 common conditions: outcome-wide analyses in the UK Biobank study	5
Design and overview of the Origins of Alzheimer’s Disease Across the Life course (ORACLE) study	5
Proteomics and Population Biology in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS): design of a study with mentored access and active data sharing	5
Alcohol intake and risk of glioma: results from three prospective cohort studies	5
The need for evolutionary theory in cancer research	5
Sex differences in the mortality rate for coronavirus disease 2019 compared to other causes of death: an analysis of population-wide data from 63 countries	5
Humanistic Epidemiology: Love in the time of cholera, COVID-19 and other outbreaks	5
Biomedical and health research: an analysis of country participation and research fields in the EU’s Horizon 2020	5
Low and high pancreatic amylase is associated with pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis	5
The Xi’an longitudinal mother–child cohort study: design, study population and methods	5
Coffee consumption and overall and cause-specific mortality: the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC)	5
Age-specific contribution of contacts to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Germany	5
Projected prevalence and incidence of dementia accounting for secular trends and birth cohort effects: a population-based microsimulation study	5
Repurposing antidiabetic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis: results from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study	5
Identifying potential causal effects of age at menopause: a Mendelian randomization phenome-wide association study	5
Adiposity and the risk of dementia: mediating effects from inflammation and lipid levels	5
Rethinking morbidity compression	5
Impact of uncertainties in exposure assessment on thyroid cancer risk among cleanup workers in Ukraine exposed due to the Chornobyl accident	5
Blood pressure, hypertension and the risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies	5
Dementia risk in the general population: large-scale external validation of prediction models in the AGES-Reykjavik study	5
Cardiovascular risk factors, living and ageing in Halle: the CARLA study	4
Occupational exposure to asbestos and risk of kidney cancer: an updated meta-analysis	4
Epidemiology is about disease in populations	4
Low-dose aspirin and risk of breast cancer: a Norwegian population-based cohort study of one million women	4
Association of COVID-19 mortality with COVID-19 vaccination rates in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany) from calendar week 1 to 20 in the year 2021: a registry-based analysis	4
Overdiagnosis: one concept, three perspectives, and a model	4
Estimates and Forecasts on the Burden of Prediabetes and Diabetes in Adult and Elderly Population in Turkiye	4
The long-term relation between physical activity and executive function in the Rotterdam Study	4
When intuition falters: repeated testing accuracy during an epidemic	4
Re: Subramanian and Kumar. Vaccination rates and COVID-19 cases	4
Maternal vitamin D levels and male reproductive health: a population-based follow-up study	4