Auris Nasus Larynx

Article	Citations
Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for Meniere's disease of the Japan Society for Equilibrium Research	42
Clinical characteristics, the diagnostic criteria and management recommendation of otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (OMAAV) proposed by Japan Otologic	29
Neck dissection and trans oral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma	29
Patient-specific virtual and mixed reality for immersive, experiential anatomy education and for surgical planning in temporal bone surgery	29
The mucosal immune system of the upper respiratory tract and recent progress in mucosal vaccines	24
Tongue strength, dysphagia questionnaire, pharyngeal secretions and FEES findings in dysphagia management in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	23
Pathophysiology of current odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and endoscopic sinus surgery preceding dental treatment	21
Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging classification of endolymphatic hydrops and clinical manifestations and audiovestibular test results in patients with definite Ménière's disease	20
The prevalence and clinical features of spasmodic dysphonia: A review of epidemiological surveys conducted in Japan	20
Comparison of percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy versus open surgical technique in severe COVID-19: Complication rates, relative risks and benefits	20
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo	19
Assessment of balance after recovery from Covid-19 disease	19
Effect of tongue-to-palate resistance training on tongue strength in healthy adults	18
Management of tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients: The Japanese experience	18
Robotic thyroid surgery	18
Dupilumab therapy for patients with refractory eosinophilic otitis media associated with bronchial asthma	17
Volumetric changes of transferred free anterolateral thigh flaps in head and neck lesions	16
The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in covid-19 - A systematic review	15
Sarcopenia with inflammation as a predictor of survival in patients with head and neck cancer	15
Pretherapeutic nutritional/inflammatory factors as predictors for survival of both early and advanced staged head and neck cancer patients	15
Effectiveness of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring and risk factors related to postoperative facial nerve paralysis in patients with benign parotid tumors: A 20-year study with 902 patients	15
Treatment outcomes of transoral robotic and non-robotic surgeries to treat oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma: A multi-center retrospective observational study in	15
Silencing SIX1 inhibits epithelial mesenchymal transition through regulating TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma	15
Feasibility of intraoperative assessment of safe surgical margins during laryngectomy with confocal laser endomicroscopy: A pilot study	13
Endonasal endoscopic surgery for sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma from an oncological perspective	12

C-reactive protein in children with obstructive sleep apnea and effects of adenotonsillectomy	12
Cancer of unknown primary in the head and neck: Diagnosis and treatment	12
Outcomes of transoral laser microsurgery and transoral robotic surgery in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma	12
Long-term outcomes of basic fibroblast growth factor treatments in patients with vocal fold scarring, aged vocal fold, and sulcus vocalis	12
COVID-19 Omicron variant-induced laryngitis	12
Clinical indication of nasal surgery for the CPAP intolerance in obstructive sleep apnea with nasal obstruction	12
The effect of cochlear implants on cognitive function in older adults: A prospective, longitudinal 2-year follow-up study	12
Application of artificial intelligence using a convolutional neural network for detecting cholesteatoma in endoscopic enhanced images	12
Transnasal photoimmunotherapy with cetuximab sarotalocan sodium: Outcomes on the local recurrence of nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma	11
The efficacy and safety of intrathecal fluorescein in endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid leak repair –a systematic review	11
Parotid secretory carcinoma with high-grade transformation	11
Outcome of an outpatient specialty clinic for chronic epipharyngitis	11
Analysis of the clinical features of Japanese patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia	11
Free flap head and neck microsurgery with VITOMⓇ 3D: Surgical outcomes and surgeon's perspective	11
Surgical strategy and optimal timing of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19: Early experiences in Japan	11
The role of sleep endoscopy in oral appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnea	11
Factors affecting the outcome of vestibular rehabilitation in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders	11
Association between swallowing function and muscle strength in elderly individuals with dysphagia	11
Cochlear implantation in patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease	11
Prevalence of usage of hearing aids and its association with cognitive impairment in Japanese community-dwelling elders with hearing loss	11
Vestibular functions in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and its relation to prognosis	11
Does microscopic experience influence learning curve in endoscopic ear surgery? A multicentric study	10
Photoimmunotherapy with surgical navigation and computed tomography guidance for recurrent maxillary sinus carcinoma	10
Patients with COVID-19-associated olfactory impairment also show impaired trigeminal function	10
The role of endoscopic resection for selected patients with sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma	10
Machine learning method intervention: Determine proper screening tests for vestibular disorders	10
Relationship between cognitive impairment and olfactory function among older adults with olfactory impairment	10
Multicenter phase III trial of regenerative treatment for chronic tympanic membrane perforation	10
Transoral robotic OSA surgery	10
Minimal temperature, mean wind speed, and mean relative humidity are associated with spontaneous epistaxis in Seoul, Korea	10
Eosinophilic otitis media; state-of-the-art diagnosis and treatment	9
The relationship between nutrition and Ménière's disease	9
Patients with vertigo/dizziness of unknown origin during follow-ups by general otolaryngologists at outpatient town clinic	9
Cochlear implants in Japan: Results of cochlear implant reporting system over more than 30 years	9
Medical management of rhinitis in pregnancy	9
Behavioural performance and self-report measures in children with unilateral hearing loss due to congenital aural atresia	9
Recent progress in endoscopic skull base surgery: Functional preservation and multiportal approaches	9
Hydroacoustic analysis and extraluminal compression surgical insights of venous pulsatile tinnitus	9
Effective sound therapy using a hearing aid and educational counseling in patients with chronic tinnitus	8
MiR-125a-5p inhibits cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and migration while promoting apoptosis in head and neck cancers by targeting ERBB3	8
Impact of adenotonsillectomy in children with severe obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review	8
Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children in Japan – 2022 update	8
Surgical effects of type-I thyroplasty and fat injection laryngoplasty on voice recovery	8
Effectiveness of myringoplasty in patients with eosinophilic otitis media	8
Vestibular and cochlear nerve enhancement on MRI and its correlation with vestibulocochlear functional deficits in patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome	8
The association between ear involvement and clinical features and prognosis in ANCA-associated vasculitis	8
Spasmodic dysphonia: An overview of clinical features and treatment options	8
Shoulder function after neck dissection: Assessment via a shoulder-specific quality-of-life questionnaire and active shoulder abduction	8
A pediatric case of primary ciliary dyskinesia caused by novel copy number variation in PIH1D3	8
Laryngopharyngeal reflux in chronic rhinosinusitis patients and the role of endoscopic sinus surgery	8

Nationwide survey of middle ear cholesteatoma surgery cases in Japan: Results from the Japan Otological society registry using the JOS staging and classification system	8
The current findings in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis	8
Clinical effect of an active transcutaneous bone-conduction implant on tinnitus in patients with ipsilateral sensorineural hearing loss	7
Analysis of voice changes after thyroidectomy using the thyroidectomy-related voice and symptom questionnaire	7
Endoscopy-assisted transoral resection of a parapharyngeal space schwannoma without mandibular dissection	7
The possibility of cochlear synaptopathy in young people using a personal listening device	7
Skull base osteomyelitis: Comprehensive analysis and a new clinicoradiological classification system	7
Risk factors for bacterial infection to cause sensorineural hearing loss in eosinophilic otitis media	7
Non-echoplanar diffusion weighed imaging and T1-weighted imaging for cholesteatoma mastoid extension	7
Different types of dysphagia alleviated by the chin-down position	7
Real-world 2-year long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in patients receiving nivolumab therapy for recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck	7
Intratympanic steroid injection for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Impact of injection interval on therapeutic efficacy	7
Co-treatment with endoscopic laryngopharyngeal surgery and endoscopic submucosal dissection	7
The value of transcutaneous ultrasound in the diagnosis of tonsillar abscess: A retrospective analysis	7
Surgical strategy of locally advanced differentiated thyroid cancer	7
IgG4-related disease presenting as otogenic skull base osteomyelitis	7
Indications for and extent of elective neck dissection for lymph node metastasis from external auditory canal carcinoma	7
Drug-induced olfactory and gustatory dysfunction: Analysis of FDA adverse events reporting system	7
High CT values relative to the brainstem differentiate inverted papillomas from nasal polyps	7
COVID-19 presenting as acute epiglottitis: A case report and literature review	7
A clinical survey on patients with taste disorders in Japan: A comparative study	7
Efficacy of endoscopic powered intracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: A retrospective case-control study	7
PIK3CA somatic mutation in sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma	7
The potential use of virtual reality in vestibular rehabilitation of motion sickness	7
Application of UNETR for automatic cochlear segmentation in temporal bone CTs	7
Therapeutic effects of melatonin on an ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis model in rats	7
Can prestin level be a biomarker for determining sensorineural hearing loss?	7
Nivolumab for recurrent/metastatic hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a liver transplant recipient	6
Limitations of non-echo planar diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (non-EPI MRI) in cholesteatoma surveillance after ossicular chain reconstruction. A prospective study	6
Recurrent aspiration pneumonia precipitated by obstructive sleep apnea	6
Swallowing computed tomography and virtual reality as novel imaging modalities for the diagnosis of clicking larynx: Two case reports	6
Relationship of vitamin D levels with clinical presentation and recurrence of BPPV in a Southeastern United States institution	6
Orbital complications of infected mucocele in the paranasal sinuses	6
Cervical chondrocutaneous branchial remnants: A report of 29 cases and review of the literature	6
Vocal fold fibroblasts promote angiogenesis in vocal fold leukoplakia by secreting pro-angiogenic factors	6
Differences in bone conduction ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials to 500 Hz narrow band chirp stimulus and 500 Hz tone burst	6
A study of 30 odors panel smell identification test, smell detection threshold and University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) in Thailand	6
Denosumab-induced osteonecrosis of external auditory canal	6
Factors associated with the occurrence of stomal stenosis after tracheostomy in adults	6
Self-assembling RADA16 peptide hydrogel supports hemostasis, synechiae reduction, and wound healing in a sheep model of endoscopic nasal surgery	6
Obstructive sleep apnea -consideration of its pathogenesis	6
Nasal polyp fibroblasts (NPFs)-derived exosomes are important for the release of vascular endothelial growth factor from cocultured eosinophils and NPFs	6
Impact of CAD/CAM mandibular reconstruction on chewing and swallowing function after surgery for locally advanced oral cancer: A retrospective study of 50 cases	6
Clinical features of olfactory dysfunction in elderly patients	6
Long-term effectiveness, safety, and quality of life outcomes following endoscopic posterior nasal neurectomy with submucosal turbinectomy for the treatment of intractable severe chronic rhinitis	6
Endotype-related recurrence pattern of chronic rhinosinusitis in revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery	6
Surgical outcomes of simultaneous cochlear implantation with subtotal petrosectomy	6
Sensorineural hearing loss and hypoplastic cochlea in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome with FOXC1 mutation	6
Psychological evaluation for patients with non-cured facial nerve palsy	6
The impact of middle ear aeration on surgical outcome after intact canal wall tympanoplasty for cholesteatoma	6
Clinicopathologic characteristics of laryngeal chondrosarcoma: An analysis of the National Cancer Database	5
The effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on tinnitus symptoms: An RCT	5
Endoscopic transoral approach to accessory parotid gland	5
Imaging characteristics of hypertrophic pachymeningitis due to ANCA-associated vasculitis	5
Quantitative laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) in unilateral vocal fold paralysis: Developing normative values using the opposite normal mobile vocal fold	5
Is surgical resection without radioactive iodine treatment a safe alternative treatment for T1–2N1bM0 papillary thyroid carcinoma?	5
Wideband absorbance pattern in adults with otosclerosis and ossicular chain discontinuity	5
A single-center multidisciplinary study analyzing thyroid nodule risk stratification by comparing the thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) and American thyroid association (ATA) risk of	5
Phase variation with altering phosphorylcholine expression of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae affects bacteria clearance and mucosal immune response in the middle ear and nasopharynx	5
Preoperative and pathological predictive factors of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma	5
Relationship between physical activity and dizziness handicap inventory in patients with dizziness –A multivariate analysis	5
Survey of parental awareness of obstructive sleep apnea among children in Guangdong province, South China	5
Comparative study on adhesive otitis media and pars tensa cholesteatoma in children	5
Spinal solitary fibrous tumor of the neck: Next-generation sequencing-based analysis of genomic aberrations	5
Second postoperative hemorrhage five weeks after transoral robotic surgery	5
Comparison of biodegradable synthetic polyurethane foam versus Gelfoam packing in cartilage graft myringoplasty procedures	5
Orthostatic hemodynamics in the vertebral artery and blood pressure in patients with orthostatic dizziness/vertigo	5
Correlation between serum vitamin D level and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo recurrence	5
Epithelium of the human vocal fold as a vibrating tissue	5
Augmentation of the posterior pharyngeal wall with autologous tragal cartilage for management of velopharyngeal valve insufficiency in adults	5
Early enteral nutrition after head and neck surgery with free tissue transfer reconstruction	5
New method to evaluate sequelae of static facial asymmetry in patients with facial palsy using three-dimensional scanning analysis	5
Pediatric respiratory tract foreign bodies in children: A systematic review	5
Efficacy of the pretreatment geriatric nutritional risk index for predicting severe adverse events in patients with head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy	5
The hearing prognosis of otitis media with ANCA-associated vasculitis	5
Preoperative predictive criteria for mastoid extension in pars flaccida cholesteatoma in assessments using temporal bone high-resolution computed tomography	5
Postoperative serum interleukin-6 level as a risk factor for development of hyperactive delirium with agitation after head and neck surgery with free tissue transfer reconstruction	5
Platform posturography of patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction in the non-acute phase of vertigo	5
Amplification rationale for hearing aids based on characteristics of the Japanese language	5
Wideband acoustic immitance – Absorbance measurements in ears after stapes surgery	4

A novel surgical treatment for long lasting unilateral peripheral parosmia: Olfactory cleft blocking technique	4
Dysphagia in Parkinson's disease: Pharyngeal manometry and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation	4
The correlation between drug-induced sleep endoscopy findings and severity of obstructive sleep apnea	4
Different surgical approaches in retropharyngeal lymph nodes dissection in head and neck cancer: A systematic review	4
Efficacy of polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue for the prevention of post-ELPS bleeding	4
Narrow band imaging in early diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal malignant and premalignant lesions	4
Changes in endolymphatic hydrops after vestibular neurectomy observed in magnetic resonance imaging – A pilot study	4
Results of subjective visual vertical tests in patients with vertigo/dizziness	4
Laryngeal spaces in the newborn larynx	4
Experience with online lectures about endoscopic sinus surgery using a video conferencing app	4
Titanium bridge modification for type 2 thyroplasty to improve device mechanical & safety performance	4
Clinical characteristics of sinonasal inverted papilloma associated with recurrence and malignant transformation	4
Effects of using cane and vestibular rehabilitation on the walking function in elderly patients with dizziness	4
COVID-19 findings revealed via otolaryngological examination: Findings of a Japan Otorhinolaryngologist Association questionnaire	4
A contemporary review of “realistic” success rates after surgical closure of nasal septal perforations	4
Contralateral lymph node recurrence rate and its prognostic factors in stage IVA-B well-lateralized oral cavity cancer	4
Physical therapy for peripheral facial palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis	4
Clinical characteristics and correlation between hearing outcomes after different episodes of recurrent idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss	4
A new variant of posterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo-canalolithiasis	4
Transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal cancer in the era of chemoradiation therapy	4
Postoperative pain after tonsillectomy – the value of standardized analgesic treatment protocols	4
Modelling the effects of post-FESS middle turbinate synechiae on sinonasal physiology: A computational fluid dynamics study	4
Summary of Japanese clinical practice guidelines for head and neck cancer - 2022 update edited by the Japan society for head and neck cancer	4
Swallowing dysfunction in myasthenia gravis patients examined with high-resolution manometry	4
Endoscopic removal of a fish bone foreign body in the hypopharynx with the modified Killian's method	4
Long-term sublingual immunotherapy provides better effects for patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis	4
Temporal coding and music perception in bimodal listeners	4
Psychophysical assessments of olfaction after endoscopic unilateral resection with post-operative radiotherapy in olfactory neuroblastomas	4
Prevalence and characteristics of tonsillar human papillomavirus infection in tumor-free patients undergoing tonsillectomy	4
Pulsatile tinnitus caused by an aberrant artery running over the surface of mastoid bone	4
Neck dissection prolongs survival in patient with stage IVC hypopharyngeal carcinoma with mixed responses to nivolumab	4
Systematic review and updated meta-analysis of multi-level surgery for patients with OSA	4
Efficacy of modified face lift incision for the resection of benign parotid gland tumor located anteriorly or superiorly	4
Advances in auditory implants	4
Ocular counter-rolling in scuba divers with motion sickness	4
Diagnosis and treatment of taste disorders in Japan	4
Comparison of effects of baby shampoo vs. saline irrigation on endoscopic sinus surgery outcomes and quality of life	4
Left non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve in a patient with right-sided aortic arch and aberrant left subclavian artery	4
Should patients with sudden deafness be tested for COVID19?	4
Feather foreign body caused periparotid and peritonsillar abscess in a 9-month-old girl	4
“Gas” laryngopharyngeal reflux cause unexplained chronic cough	4
The key timing of pharyngeal reflux in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux	4
Basal cell adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland: Comparison with basal cell adenoma for preoperative diagnosis	4
Indications and postoperative outcomes of surgery for laryngotracheal stenosis: A descriptive study	4
Is elective neck dissection necessary for patients with cT3-4N0 parotid gland cancer?	4
Acoustic and perceptual voice parameters in subclinical and overt primary hypothyroidism	4
Analysis of the risk of death and clinical management for nasal or nasopharyngeal bleeding occurring after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma	3
Olfactory acuity based on Brief Smell Identification Test (BSITⓇ) in migraine patients with and without aura: A cross-sectional, controlled study	3
Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy among the old and oldest-old populations - A case control study	3
Smart needle to diagnose metastatic lymph node using electrical impedance spectroscopy	3
Successful cochlear implantation in a patient with Epstein syndrome during long-term follow-up	3
Combining Epstein–Barr virus antibodies for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A meta-analysis	3
Association between tracheostomy and survival in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 who require prolonged mechanical ventilation for more than 14 days: A multicenter cohort study	3
Changes during medical treatments before adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea	3
Axillary lymph node metastases from thyroid carcinoma: Report of seven cases	3
Severe obstructive sleep apnea after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer managed by CPAP	3
Comparison of the accuracy of clinical prediction of survival and palliative prognostic index for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the end-of-life setting	3
Investigation of endolymphatic hydrops positivity rates in patients with recurrent audiovestibular symptoms using inner ear magnetic resonance imaging	3
Surgical treatment of pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland in children: a systematic review	3
A double-blind, randomized controlled trial exploring the efficacy of frequency lowering hearing aids in patients with high-frequency hearing loss	3
Comparison of surgical outcomes of sleep surgeries preoperatively evaluated with drug-induced sleep endoscopy and Müller's maneuver	3
Exhaled nitric oxide levels are associated with the severity of chronic epipharyngitis and decreased via epipharyngeal abrasion	3
Efficacy of Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, in patients with dizziness and irritability	3
Bioinformatics analyses proposed xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target in head and neck squamous cell carcinom	3
Retrospective study of cochlear implantations at a single facility focusing on postoperative complications	3
Usefulness of vertebrobasilar artery radiological finding as a predictive and prognostic factor for sudden sensorineural hearing loss	3
Diagnostic value of computed tomography in Eustachian tube dysfunction	3
Narrow band imaging accentuates differences in contrast between cartilage and perichondrium in the elevation of the muco-perichondrium flap during septoplasty and open septorhinoplasty	3
Internal carotid artery dissection caused by elongated styloid process	3
Establishment of a non-squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx nomogram prognostic model and prognosis analysis	3
Ultrasonography for masses of the pharynx and larynx and assessment of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma	3
Combined Electric acoustic stimulation in a patient with otitis media with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis	3
Dizziness after an earthquake tilted the house	3
On the radiologic anatomy of pediatric sinus tympani: HRCT study	3
The effects of behind-the-ear and off-the-ear sound processors on speech understanding performance in cochlear implant users	3
An electrophysiological prognostic diagnosis for facial palsy	3
Tumor localization is the important factor for recovery time of postoperative facial nerve paralysis in benign parotid surgery	3
Differences in hearing levels between siblings with hearing loss caused by GJB2 mutations	3
Objective evaluation of gustatory function after surgery for vestibular schwannoma: A pilot study	3
Investigation of hearing aid fitting according to the national acoustic laboratories’ prescription for non-linear hearing aids and the desired sensation level methods in Japanese speakers: a crossover	3
Investigation of the diversity of human papillomavirus 16 variants and L1 antigenic regions relevant for the prevention of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer in Japan	3
Minocycline-induced black thyroid with black pigmentation of the thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and trachea found during reconstructive surgery for hypopharyngeal cancer	3
Correlating atmospheric pressure and temperature with Meniere attack	3
Adverse effect of the Epley maneuver: Anterior canal crisis	3
Effects of sublingual immunotherapy on nasal symptoms and sleep disturbance in patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis	3
Interaction effects between characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea and obesity on dyslipidemia	3
Pediatric laryngeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour: Case report and systematic review of the literature	3
Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks of the temporal bone – clinical features and management outcomes	3
Risk factors and survival outcomes of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients with lung metastasis: A population-based study	3
Three cases of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia that developed after head and neck cancer therapy	3
Objective evaluation and predictive value of olfactory dysfunction among patients hospitalized with COVID-19	3
Omalizumab is effective for a patient with pollen-food allergy syndrome who experienced intractable lip edema	3
Long-term efficacy of weekly paclitaxel therapy in unresectable primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid	3
Intratympanic corticosteroid for Bell's palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis	3
Risk factors for sialocele after parotidectomy: Does tumor size really matter?	3