Energy

Article	Citations
Bi-level coordinated expansion planning of high-PV-penetration active distribution networks incorporating multiple flexible resources considering WGAN-GP-based uncertainty generation	828
How much district heating in a future sector-coupled energy system? A comprehensive methodology for mapping and clustering the infrastructure costs on an entire territory	655
A new tEDFM-based analysis of interference characterization in tight gas reservoir	485
Identification of district heating and cooling system archetypes: a novel approach applied to a case study in Switzerland	388
From labs to boardrooms: How academic executives drive high-impact innovation in China's new energy vehicle sector	334
IGDT-based two-layer optimization of trading strategies in multi-energy markets	299
Comprehensive energy, economic, and environmental analysis of a hybrid photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) heat pump system	277
Exploring preferences for household energy technology adoption from a spatiotemporal perspective: Evidence from demographics, the economy, and the environment	273
Numerical investigation on performance of solar chimney power plant with three wind resistant structures	268
Energy, exergy, exergo-economic and exergo-environmental analysis of waste heat-based convective dryer	267
Towards a cleaner future: A novel approach to enhance energy efficiency in the US manufacturing industry with fuzzy logic-TOPSIS	264
Adaptive NMPC-based active stability comprehensive control for aero-engine compressors	262
Optimization of two configurations of a two-buoy wave energy converter	260
A detached-eddy simulation study on assessing the impact of extreme wind conditions on load and wake characteristics of a horizontal-axis wind turbine	258
3E analyses and multi-objective optimization of a liquid nitrogen wash based cogeneration system for electrical power and LNG production	258
Design and performance analysis of a passive rotatable deflector diversion tail for tidal current power generation hydrokinetic turbines	257
China's blueprint for a sustainable energy future: Analyzing the factors behind the climate change and globalized knowledge-based technological policies	253
Effect of injection pressure adjustment towards performance, emission and combustion analysis of optimal nahar methyl ester diesel blend powered agricultural diesel engine	249
Stage-based exergy analysis for a modern turboprop engine under various loading	247
Optimal operation of integrated power and thermal systems for flexibility improvement based on evaluation and utilization of heat storage in district heating systems	239
A novel method of battery pack energy health estimation based on visual feature learning	237
Life cycle assessment and SAW-Based ranking of renewable electricity and hydrogen production scenarios for sustainable residential architecture: A case study in kerman, Iran	234
A systematic methodology for selecting optimal technology for waste heat utilization in food processing industry	227
The heterogeneity in energy consumption patterns and home appliance purchasing preferences across urban households in China	225
Thermo-economic feasibility study to utilize ORC technology for waste heat recovery from Indian nuclear power plants	223

Convergence characteristics and distribution patterns of residential electricity consumption in China: An urban-rural gap perspective	222
The coexistence of multiple hydrates triggered by varied H2 molecule occupancy during CO2/H2 hydrate dissociation	220
Properties and performance of hybrid suspensions of MPCM/nanoparticles for LED thermal management	218
Modeling and assessing the integration of CO	210
Electrical load forecasting based on variable T-distribution and dual attention mechanism	209
Prospective environmental and techno-economic assessment of steam production by means of heat pipes in the steel industry	203
Analyzing the evolution trend of energy conservation and carbon reduction in transportation with promoting electrification in China	201
Economic optimization and comparative environmental assessment of natural gas combined cycle power plants with CO2 capture	200
Bi-level stochastic real-time pricing model in multi-energy generation system: A reinforcement learning approach	198
Development of black-ice removal system with latent heat thermal energy storage and solar thermal collectors	198
Electrical, thermomechanical and cost analyses of a low-cost thermoelectric generator	195
Production of gasoline and diesel-like fuel from natural rubber scrap: Upgrading of the liquid fuel properties and performance in a spark ignition engine	192
Enhancing ammonia combustion performance using hydrogen peroxide-enriched air: A computational fluid dynamics analysis	183
Model predictive control for a heat booster substation in ultra low temperature district heating systems	182
Performance characteristics of a new curved double-pass counter flow solar air heater	181
How do imports change the energy consumption of China? An analysis of its role in intermediate inputs and final demands	181
Where will go for electric vehicles in China after the government subsidy incentives are abolished? A controversial consumer perspective	180
Dynamic performance analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in marine applications	178
Mathematical and experimental investigation about the dual-source heat pump integrating low concentrated photovoltaic and finned-tube exchanger	178
Cooling performance of compression-absorption cascade system with novel ternary ionic-liquid working pair	177
Combustion and interaction mechanism of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene/1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as an environmentally friendly mixed working fluid	176
Two-stage filtration for decentralized frequency regulation and stability improvement in economically dispatched virtual synchronous generators within islanded microgrid	175
Parametric study of cavity on the performance of a hydrogen-fueled micro planar combustor for thermophotovoltaic applications	175
Pore-to-meter scale modeling of heat and mass transport applied to thermal energy storage: How local thermal and velocity fluctuations affect average thermal dispersivity	174
Techno-economic analysis for the electric vehicle battery aging management of charge point operator	173
Design optimization of a renewable methanol production system with multiple types of energy storage devices	173
Experimental investigation into gas production from methane hydrate in sediments with different contents of illite clay by depressurization	171
Self-triggered model predictive control for the thermal comfort and energy saving of office buildings	170
A bilevel approach to multi-period natural gas pricing and investment in gas-consuming infrastructure	170
Experimental study on charging and discharging performance of latent energy storage with topologically optimized fins: Diffusion and convection design	168
Transient vibration analysis of multi-system coupling in pumped storage power Stations: Insights into cavitation-induced flow and shaft dynamics	167
Performance improvement of front-end PFC controller with small DC-link capacitance for light EV charger applications	165
Analysis of equivalent energy storage for integrated electricity-heat system	164
Modeling impacts of different data transmission delays on traffic jam, fuel consumption and emissions on curved road	164
Catalytic pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene to produce sustainable aviation fuel fractions: Improving isomerized alkane selectivity via magnetic metal-modified HY zeolites	164
Biogas potential of cup plant and willow-leaf sunflower biomass	164
Forecasting European Union allowances futures: The role of technical indicators	164
Numerical exploration and experimental validation of a tri-generation heat pump system in cooling mode	162
Sizing utility-scale photovoltaic power generation for integration into a hydropower plant considering the effects of climate change: A case study in the Longyangxia of China	162
The balance effects of momentum deficit and thrust in cumulative wake models	162
Photovoltaic-powered seasonal snow storage-assisted district cooling system: Site suitability analysis and performance assessment	161
Insight into the whole from the part: Redefined state of health for lithium-ion batteries based on optimal charging fragment search	161
Analysis of energy-related carbon dioxide intensity in China's major non-ferrous metal producing regions: Spatio-temporal decomposition and emission reduction strategies	160
Multi-time scale operation optimization of integrated power and thermal system considering load disturbance	159
The operating parameter optimization of spark duration effect on the performance and emission characteristics of direct-injection propane by genetic algorithm	158
Heat transfer simulation considering coupling between the regenerative cooling and supersonic combustion under different solid thermal conductivities	156
The end-to-end smart lifetime prediction method for flexible thermal power plants: A case study on main steam pipe	155
Numerical study on natural gas hydrate production by hot water injection combined with depressurization	154
Co-pyrolysis of corn stalk and polyethylene at a gas phase contacting mode and aromatization mechanism study	154
Performance improvement of a control valve with energy harvesting	153

Random decision forest (RDF) and crystal structure algorithm (CryStAl) for uncertainty consideration of RES & load demands with optimal design of hybrid CCHP systems	152
Performance evaluation of a concatenated stepped solar still system loaded with different masses of energy storage material	151
A recycling mechanism for used electric vehicle batteries by integrating affine maximizer auction and fuzzy axiomatic design method	150
Enhanced quantile regression long short-term memory hybrid neural network for the state of charge point and interval estimation of lithium-ion batteries	150
A novel burners arrangement of an entrained-flow gasifier studied by experimental and simulation methods	149
Photovoltaic-thermal driven membrane distillation water desalination: Dynamic simulation in an actual weather condition	148
Control law synthetizing for an innovative indirect precooled airbreathing engine under off-design operation conditions	148
Multivariate efficiency assessment and optimization of unitized regeneration proton exchange membrane fuel cell based CCHP system	148
Recursive identification of kernel-based hammerstein model for online energy efficiency estimation of large-scale chemical plants	148
Developing a 20-year high-resolution wind data set for Puerto Rico	147
Optimizing the layout of floating wind farms in Crete: A combined LCOE and visual impact minimization	147
Multi-objective optimization of an off-grid CAES-based cogeneration plant for quad-generation	146
Multi-stage optimal scheduling of multi-microgrids using deep-learning artificial neural network and cooperative game approach	145
A flexible operation scheme for ultra-supercritical unit under wide load variations based on improved EADRC and modified northern goshawk optimizer	142
Eco-driving and road curvature estimation: Retrospective analysis of experimental data of a fully electric coach	142
Probabilistic prediction of electric vehicle load in service area incorporating highway spatiotemporal traffic information	142
Security assessment and preventive control of combined electricity and heat systems with distributed electric thermal storage	141
Novel integrated process for simultaneous diesel and electricity production from flare gases: Environmental optimization and sustainability analysis	137
Development of voltage stability-based bus dependency matrix for modern power networks	136
Tail risk contagion and safe haven dynamics: Analyzing U.S. market implied volatility effects on China's energy futures	136
Corrigendum to “Flexibility and profitability in power-to-methanol plants: Integrating storage solutions and reserve market participation” [Energy 327 (2025)136438]	135
A novel flare gas recycling system for distributed energy, renewable fuel, and purified water production: Multi-objective 4E analysis and optimization	135
Sustainability evaluation of a heavy-duty diesel engine used in railways	134
A convolutional block multi-attentive fusion network for underground natural gas micro-leakage detection of hyperspectral and thermal data	134
Simultaneous retrofit of direct and indirect Heat Exchanger Storage Network (HESN) via individual batch process stream mapping	134
Performance analysis of a novel multi-production design via the integration of medical waste plasma gasification and waste tire pyrolysis	133
Electrochemical conversion of CO2 using different electrode materials in an Li–K molten salt system	133
Optimal resilient scheduling strategy for electricity–gas–hydrogen multi-energy microgrids considering emergency islanding	132
Simulation of fine mesh implementation on the cathode for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)	132
Predictive analytics for sustainable energy: An in-depth assessment of novel Stacking Regressor model in the off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems	132
Economic and environmental evaluation of heat pump-assisted pressure-swing distillation of maximum-boiling azeotropic mixture water-ethylenediamine	131
A three-phase constant voltage soft contact TENG that utilizes the gyroscopic effect to collect wave energy	131
Numerical study on temperature rise and structure optimization for a three-phase gas insulated switchgear busbar chamber	131
Numerical study on thermal storage and exothermic characteristics of subway station fresh air shaft surrounding rock	131
Microfluidic experiments and numerical modeling of pore-scale Asphaltene deposition: Insights and predictive capabilities	130
Solar power tower plants with Bimetallic receiver tubes: A thermomechanical study of two- and three-layer composite tubes configurations	130
Experimental investigation of a dual-pontoon WEC-type breakwater with a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary power take-off system	130
System design for 700 °C power plants: Integration scheme and performance evaluation	130
Application of thermoelectric generators and organic Rankine cycle combined system for cold exergy recovery from liquefied natural gas	129
A reactor network of biomass gasification process in an updraft gasifier based on the fully kinetic model	129
An energy self-circulation system based on the wearable thermoelectric harvester for ART driver monitoring	129
A composite robust adaptive control for double-fed variable-speed pumped storage units considering stochastic uncertainty	128
Research on energy management optimization of hybrid electric vehicles based on improved curriculum learning	128
Modeling the distributed energy resource aggregator services in a macroeconomic framework: The application to Japan	128
MXene-based hybrid nanofluids in pulsating heat pipes: Advanced thermal management for photovoltaic efficiency enhancement and economic analysis	127
Thermally-enhanced CO2 storage and utilization in shale reservoirs: Investigating temperature-controlled microscopic mechanisms and storage potential	127
Off-road hybrid electric vehicle energy management strategy using multi-agent soft actor-critic with collaborative-independent algorithm	127
Stochastic dual dynamic programming for multi-stage stochastic programming of sustainable utility systems	127
Online energy management strategy for ammonia-hydrogen hybrid electric vehicles harnessing deep reinforcement learning	127
Performance assessment of a coupled device of thermoradiation cell and photovoltaic cell for energy cascade utilization	126
Stochastic cost-benefit analysis to assess new infrastructure to improve the reliability of the natural gas supply	125
Comprehensive evaluation of low-temperature oxidation characteristics of low-rank bituminous coal and oil shale	125
Experimental study on influence of high exhaust backpressure on diesel engine performance via energy and exergy analysis	124
The evolving impact of renewable energy investment on the rare earth trade network: An industrial chain perspective	124
Analysis of energy utilization and thermal efficiency in diesel engines under varying EGR rates	123
Energy consumption, structural transformation and related carbon dioxide emissions of rural households on the Tibetan plateau	123
Design of Pt3Ni/TiO2 octahedral alloy catalysts for the production of bio-aviation fuel via photothermal catalysis under a mild condition	123
The impact of energy-related uncertainty on China’s overall and sectoral stock returns: Evidence from quantile-on-quantile regression	123
Advancing building intelligence: Developing and implementing standardized Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI) on-site audit procedure	123
Distribution network expansion planning considering a distributed hydrogen-thermal storage system based on photovoltaic development of the Whole County of China	123
Psychological insights for incentive-based demand response incorporating battery energy storage systems: A two-loop Stackelberg game approach	123
Appliance energy efficiency policies and electricity consumption: Evidence from China	123
A two-stage optimal operation strategy for community integrated energy system considering dynamic and static energy characteristics	122
Effect of structural improvement of gaskets on the heat leakage load and energy consumption of the refrigerator	122
Real options analysis for regional investment decisions of household PV-ESS in China	122
Study on the pressurization liquid hydrogen supply characteristics in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles	122
Chain explosion behaviors induced by discontinuous methane/air distribution	122
A nationwide multi-location multi-resource stochastic programming based energy planning framework	122
Optical-electrical-thermal model of flexible non-planar photovoltaic modules: Decoupling, validation, and photoelectric performance analysis	121
Pre-training enhanced physics-informed neural network with refinement mechanism for wind field reconstruction	120
Comparative study on monthly natural gas vehicle fuel consumption and industrial consumption using multi-hybrid forecast models	120
Increasing tolerable coupling coefficients range of series-series compensated inductive wireless power transfer systems operating in restricted sub-resonant frequency region with constant current outp	120
Impact of typical and actual weather years on the energy simulation of buildings with different construction features and under different climates	120
Decoupling of volatile–char interaction in co-pyrolysis of cow manure and bituminous coal and deactivation mechanism of coal char reactivity	120
A Stackelberg game-based multi-time scale optimization for hybrid power ship and port	120
Oxy-hydrogen, solar and wind assisted hydrogen (H2	120
A frame work for comparative wear based failure analysis of CNG and diesel operated engines	119
An overview of non-Gaussian state-space models for wind speed data	119
The efficiency of innovative technologies for transition to 4th generation of district heating systems in Ukraine	119
Numerical optimization and experimental study of a biomass pellet stove	119

FlexNet: A warm start method for deep reinforcement learning in hybrid electric vehicle energy management applications	118
Multi-agent-based energy management for a fully electrified residential consumption	117
Performance study of a control valve with energy harvesting based on a modified passive model	117
Effect of natural and forced charge air humidity on the performance and emissions of a compression-ignition engine operating at high warm altitude	117
Two-stage energy management method of integrated energy system considering pre-transaction behavior of energy service provider and users	115
ICEE2022 – ENERGY special issue	115
Morphological and chemical differences within superheater deposits from different locations of a black liquor recovery boiler	115
Comment on “Steam methane reforming in a microchannel reformer: Experiment, CFD-modelling and numerical study” [Energy 237 (2021) 121624]	115
Analysis on flow and heat transfer performance of SCO2 in airfoil channels with different fin angles of attack	115
Knock analysis of bio-butanol in TISI engine based on chemical reaction kinetics	114
Techno-economic assessment of CO2 capture integrated coal-fired power plant with energetic analysis	114
A fusion gas load prediction model with three-way residual error amendment	113
Enhanced thermal conductivity and adsorption rate of zeolite 13X adsorbent by compression-induced molding method for sorption thermal battery	113
3D pore structure characterization and permeability anisotropy visualization simulation of fusain	113
Influence of ammonia cofiring ratio and injection mode on the NO emission and control mechanisms of NH3-CH4 cofiring	113
Information gap-based multi-objective optimization of a virtual energy hub plant considering a developed demand response model	112
Two-time scale microgrid scheduling based on power fluctuation mitigation priority and model predictive control	112
Effective wind speed estimation study of the wind turbine based on deep learning	112
A hierarchical energy management strategy for PHEVs: Optimizing SOC trajectory tracking performance using adaptive initial equivalent factor strategy (AIEFS)	112
Is total system cost minimization fair to all the actors of an energy system? Not according to game theory	111
Impact of forecasted heat demand on day-ahead optimal scheduling and real time control of multi-energy systems	111
Closed-loop integrated prediction-and-dispatching framework for unit commitment in power system with renewables and hydrogen energy	111
Electric vehicle charging scheduling considering infrastructure constraints	111
Performance analysis of sorption thermal battery for high-density cold energy storage enabled by novel tube-free evaporator	110
The impact of power marketization reform on new quality productive forces: An improved overall method	110
Total travel costs minimization strategy of a dual-stack fuel cell logistics truck enhanced with artificial potential field and deep reinforcement learning	110
The dynamic model of a rectification heat exchanger using the concept of heat-integrated distillation column	110
Transcritical CO	110
A novel elli-circ oscillator applied in VIVACE converter and its vibration characteristics and energy harvesting efficiency	109
Thermodynamic analysis of combined heating and power system with In-Situ resource utilization for lunar base	109
Thermal decomposition mechanism and thermal stability prediction of n-pentane/n-butane mixture	109
A methodology for optimal placement of energy hubs with electric vehicle charging stations and renewable generation	109
Multi-objective optimization of the aircraft environment control system based on component-level parameter decomposition	108
Battery retirement state prediction method based on real-world data and the TabNet model	108
Prediction of NOx concentration based on interpretable convolutional gated recurrent unit with clustering-extracting features	108
Hydrogen storage station location selection in sustainable freight transportation via intuitionistic hesitant decision support system	108
Multi-mode performance assessment of an innovative heat design structure for a geothermal plant using efficient heat recovery, producing power, cooling, hydrogen and freshwater	108
WITHDRAWN: Optimizing Energy Management in Smart Grid Systems with GJO-THDCNN Hybrid Approach	108
Recurrent attention encoder–decoder network for multi-step interval wind power prediction	107
Intermittency oscillation behavior and physical model of anti-buoyancy turbulent downward flame in a jet reactor	107
Exploring the cost of carry in Chinese energy futures: Does it interact with the energy stock market?	107
Optimization model for vehicle model-based credit transfers: Evidence from fuel economy management in Taiwan	107
Simulations and experimental study to compare the behavior of a genset running on gasoline or syngas for small scale power generation	106
A transient gas pipeline network simulation model for decoupling the hydraulic-thermal process and the component tracking process	106
Characteristics of instability and suitable early-warning indicators for cornstalk-fed anaerobic digestion subjected to various sudden changes	106
Investigation on the operable range and idle condition of hydrogen-fueled spark ignition engine for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)	105
Effect of shock generator on fuel mixing in an annular single lobe transverse nozzle at the supersonic combustion chamber of a scramjet engine using computational fluid dynamics	105
Deeppipe: A two-stage physics-informed neural network for predicting mixed oil concentration distribution	105
Enhanced performance evaluation and operational regulation of a novel combined cooling and power system using machine learning	105
Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of an innovative cogeneration of power and freshwater based on gas turbine cycle	105
Carbon dioxide utilization based on exergoenvironmental sustainability assessment: A case study of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol	105
Efficient tetracycline degradation and electricity production in photocatalytic fuel cell based on ZnO nanorod/BiOBr/UiO-66-NH2 photoanode and Cu2O/CuO photocathode	105
Performance assessment of a novel bifacial photovoltaic system with air film cooling device	104
Formation and decomposition characteristics of CO2+TBAB hydrate for a safer CO2 storage	104
The impact of bus passenger occupancy, heating ventilation and air conditioning systems on energy consumption and CO2 emissions	104
Novel wind speed ensemble forecasting system based on the critic weighing principle of fuzzy information granulation and reverse mixed-frequency modeling	104
Battery performance optimization and multi-component transport enhancement of organic flow battery based on channel section reconstruction	104
Possibility and pathways of China's nonferrous metals industry to achieve its carbon peak target before 2030: A new integrated dynamic forecasting model	104
Improving energy efficiency prediction under aberrant measurement using deep compensation networks: A case study of petrochemical process	104
Thermal design and genetic algorithm optimization of geothermal and solar-assisted multi-energy and hydrogen production using artificial neural networks	104
Underground performance assessment of compressed CO2 energy storage in aquifers by thermal-hydro-mechanical coupling method	103
Design and application of a hybrid predictive control framework for carbon capture in pressurized circulating fluidized bed coal-fired processes	103
Thermodynamics-based data-driven combustion modelling for modern spark-ignition engines	103
Experimental and numerical investigations on NH3/H2 fueled combustion in the combustor with block for improved micro power generation	103
Site selection decision for biomass cogeneration projects from a sustainable perspective: A case study of China	103
Performance analysis of a modified Archimedes spiral wind turbine having winglet on blade	103
Evolutionary game study and empirical analysis of the adoption of green coal mining technology: A case study of ITMDB	103
Risk Assessment Framework for Autonomous Electric Mining Trucks in Open-Pit Mines	103
Research on a novel universal low–load stable combustion technology	103
Biomass-based carbon aerogels with interconnected pores and controllable Zn–N sites for CO2 electroreduction	103
Multi-objective optimization of a small turbojet engine energetic performance	102
A new semi-analytical solution addressing varying heat transfer rates for U-shaped vertical borehole heat exchangers in multilayered ground	102
Gas utilization optimization and exergy analysis of hydrogen metallurgical shaft furnace	102
Energy elasticity and technological substitution possibilities in Pakistan's cement sector: A production approach towards 2035	101
Techno-economic analysis on a hybrid system with carbon capture and energy storage for liquefied natural gas cold energy utilization	101
Topology reconstruction of the district heating network for maximizing comprehensive benefits of thermal storage	100
Numerical studies on a novel air path design featured with the sequential turbocharging and the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation for the marine two-stroke engine fulfilling the IMO Tier Ⅲ regula	100
Novel green hydrochar production for renewable fuel substitutes, and experimental investigation of its usability on CI engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics	100
Energy management of renewable energy connected electric vehicles charging using Internet of things: Hybrid MRA-SDRN approach	100
A new carbon price prediction model	99
Activated waste cotton cellulose as renewable fuel and value-added chemicals: Thermokinetic analysis, coupled pyrolysis with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry	99
Dynamic nonlinear effects of geopolitical risks on commodities: Fresh evidence from quantile methods	99
Experimental study on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine fuelled with multiple biofuel-gasoline blends	99
Heterogeneous impacts of oil prices on China's stock market: Based on a new decomposition method	99
A Nash bargaining model for energy sharing between micro-energy grids and energy storage	98
Study on the application of a dynamic photovoltaic integrated light shelf for office buildings	98
Experimental and numerical investigation of resistive load impact on oscillating water column wave energy converter integrated with a parabolic breakwater	98
A hierarchical reinforcement learning GPC for flexible operation of ultra-supercritical unit considering economy	98
Vortex interactions and loss mechanisms in the tip region of axial turbine rotors with cutback squealer tip	98
Wave attenuation and focusing performance of parallel twin parabolic arc floating breakwaters	98
Biomass gasification combined with a novel heat integration design for sustainable energy supply programs: Comprehensive thermodynamic, environmental, and economic evaluations	98
The determinants of oil consumption in Tunisia: Fresh evidence from NARDL approach and asymmetric causality test	98
Can reshoring policies hinder China's photovoltaic module exports? A dynamic perspective	98
Power allocation strategy for fuel cell distributed drive electric tractor based on adaptive multi-resolution analysis theory	98
Prediction of the severe slugging period in gas-liquid two-phase pipeline-riser systems using an artificial neural network	97