Intensive Care Medicine

Article	Citations
Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021	1886
Clinical characteristics and day-90 outcomes of 4244 critically ill adults with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study	583
European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines 2021: post-resuscitation care	534
Prone position in ARDS patients: why, when, how and for whom	274
Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections: a European multicenter cohort study	235
ECMO for severe ARDS: systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis	233
ESICM guidelines on acute respiratory distress syndrome: definition, phenotyping and respiratory support strategies	217
Brain injury after cardiac arrest: pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis	212
Prediction of poor neurological outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review	203
The role for high flow nasal cannula as a respiratory support strategy in adults: a clinical practice guideline	191
Acute kidney injury in the critically ill: an updated review on pathophysiology and management	190
Viscoelastic haemostatic assay augmented protocols for major trauma haemorrhage (ITACTIC): a randomized, controlled trial	173
Analgesia and sedation in patients with ARDS	169
Corticosteroids in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis	165
Physiological and quantitative CT-scan characterization of COVID-19 and typical ARDS: a matched cohort study	162
Mechanical ventilation in patients with acute brain injury: recommendations of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine consensus	156
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with severe respiratory failure from COVID-19	154
How the COVID-19 pandemic will change the future of critical care	145
Delirium in critical illness: clinical manifestations, outcomes, and management	144
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults: evidence and implications	137
Non-invasive ventilatory support and high-flow nasal oxygen as first-line treatment of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and ARDS	131
Moving from bytes to bedside: a systematic review on the use of artificial intelligence in the intensive care unit	128
COVID-19 increased the risk of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections: a case–cohort study from the multicentric OUTCOMEREA network	128
Taskforce report on the diagnosis and clinical management of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis	119
Access to intensive care in 14 European countries: a spatial analysis of intensive care need and capacity in the light of COVID-19	118

Lung ultrasound for the early diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia: an international multicenter study	118
Clinical strategies for implementing lung and diaphragm-protective ventilation: avoiding insufficient and excessive effort	117
Use of nasal high flow oxygen during acute respiratory failure	116
Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study	112
Phenotypes and personalized medicine in the acute respiratory distress syndrome	112
Bleeding and thrombotic events in adults supported with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an ELSO registry analysis	112
COVID-19 in critical care: epidemiology of the first epidemic wave across England, Wales and Northern Ireland	111
Extracorporeal life support for adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome	107
Effect of therapeutic drug monitoring-based dose optimization of piperacillin/tazobactam on sepsis-related organ dysfunction in patients with sepsis: a randomized controlled trial	104
ERC-ESICM guidelines on temperature control after cardiac arrest in adults	103
Tocilizumab and remdesivir in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomized clinical trial	98
Basic ultrasound head-to-toe skills for intensivists in the general and neuro intensive care unit population: consensus and expert recommendations of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine	96
Intensive care unit acquired muscle weakness in COVID-19 patients	96
Expanding controlled donation after the circulatory determination of death: statement from an international collaborative	94
Autoantibodies against type I interferons are associated with multi-organ failure in COVID-19 patients	92
Invasive candidiasis in critical care: challenges and future directions	86
Prediction of good neurological outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a systematic review	85
ECMO for COVID-19 patients in Europe and Israel	85
Low-dose methylprednisolone treatment in critically ill patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia	84
Pharmacological principles guiding prolonged glucocorticoid treatment in ARDS	84
Pulmonary infections complicating ARDS	83
Epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients: the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study	81
How can assessing hemodynamics help to assess volume status?	81
How to use biomarkers of infection or sepsis at the bedside: guide to clinicians	81
Bacterial and fungal superinfections in critically ill patients with COVID-19	79
Dexamethasone 12 mg versus 6 mg for patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxaemia: a pre-planned, secondary Bayesian analysis of the COVID STEROID 2 trial	77
Management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: an update for the intensivist	76
Neuromuscular blockade in patients with ARDS: a rapid practice guideline	73
The PRICES statement: an ESICM expert consensus on methodology for conducting and reporting critical care echocardiography research studies	71
Echocardiography findings in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units: a multi-national observational study (the ECHO-COVID study)	71
ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia	70
Intracranial pressure: current perspectives on physiology and monitoring	70
Targeted temperature management following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of temperature targets	69
Fluid administration and monitoring in ARDS: which management?	67
Evolving changes in mortality of 13,301 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 over 8 months	67
Effect of adjunctive vitamin C, glucocorticoids, and vitamin B1 on longer-term mortality in adults with sepsis or septic shock: a systematic review and a component network meta-analysis	67
How to ventilate obese patients in the ICU	66
Serum markers of brain injury can predict good neurological outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest	66
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium in critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis	65
Lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine for critically ill patients with COVID-19: REMAP-CAP randomized controlled trial	64
Current practice and evolving concepts in septic shock resuscitation	62
Current and evolving standards of care for patients with ARDS	61
Dexmedetomidine vs other sedatives in critically ill mechanically ventilated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials	60
Posaconazole for prevention of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill influenza patients (POSA-FLU): a randomised, open-label, proof-of-concept trial	58
Development and validation of novel sepsis subphenotypes using trajectories of vital signs	57
Etomidate versus ketamine for emergency endotracheal intubation: a randomized clinical trial	57
Palliative care interventions in intensive care unit patients	56
Plasma exchange in the intensive care unit: a narrative review	56
Randomised clinical trials in critical care: past, present and future	55
Safety and tolerability of non-neutralizing adrenomedullin antibody adrecizumab (HAM8101) in septic shock patients: the AdrenOSS-2 phase 2a biomarker-guided trial	55

Effect of prone positioning on survival in adult patients receiving venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis	54
Respiratory indications for ECMO: focus on COVID-19	53
Ten reasons for focusing on the care we provide for family members of critically ill patients with COVID-19	52
Early sedation with dexmedetomidine in ventilated critically ill patients and heterogeneity of treatment effect in the SPICE III randomised controlled trial	52
Hemoperfusion in the intensive care unit	52
Transfusion strategies in bleeding critically ill adults: a clinical practice guideline from the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine	51
Prophylactic melatonin for delirium in intensive care (Pro-MEDIC): a randomized controlled trial	50
Tocilizumab in COVID-19: a meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis, and meta-regression of randomized-controlled trials	50
Hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in Mexico	50
Natural history, trajectory, and management of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in the United Kingdom	49
Association of vancomycin plus piperacillin–tazobactam with early changes in creatinine versus cystatin C in critically ill adults: a prospective cohort study	49
Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in acute traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials	49
Model-informed precision dosing of beta-lactam antibiotics and ciprofloxacin in critically ill patients: a multicentre randomised clinical trial	49
Gender differences in the provision of intensive care: a Bayesian approach	48
Comparison of 8 versus 15 days of antibiotic therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized, controlled, open-label trial	48
Cytomegalovirus blood reactivation in COVID-19 critically ill patients: risk factors and impact on mortality	47
Role of total lung stress on the progression of early COVID-19 pneumonia	46
Diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 associated pulmonary apergillosis in critically ill patients: results from a European confederation of medical mycology registry	45
Impact of frailty on persistent critical illness: a population-based cohort study	44
Everything you need to know about deresuscitation	44
High dose coupled plasma filtration and adsorption in septic shock patients. Results of the COMPACT-2: a multicentre, adaptive, randomised clinical trial	44
Is severe COVID-19 pneumonia a typical or atypical form of ARDS? And does it matter?	44
Adjuvant therapeutic plasma exchange in septic shock	44
Antiseptic mouthwash, the nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide pathway, and hospital mortality: a hypothesis generating review	43
Survival benefit of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe COVID-19: a multi-centre-matched cohort study	43
Restrictive fluid management versus usual care in acute kidney injury (REVERSE-AKI): a pilot randomized controlled feasibility trial	43
Effect of oral chlorhexidine de-adoption and implementation of an oral care bundle on mortality for mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (CHORAL): a multi-center stepped wedge c	42
Clinical and organizational factors associated with mortality during the peak of first COVID-19 wave: the global UNITE-COVID study	42
Bleeding and thrombotic events in patients with severe COVID-19 supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a nationwide cohort study	42
Cytokine adsorption in severe, refractory septic shock	41
Occurrence and timing of withdrawal of life-sustaining measures in traumatic brain injury patients: a CENTER-TBI study	41
Randomised controlled trial of oxygen therapy and high-flow nasal therapy in African children with pneumonia	41
Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally-Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Overview	40
Extubation in neurocritical care patients: the ENIO international prospective study	40
Mechanisms of oxygenation responses to proning and recruitment in COVID-19 pneumonia	40
Implementation of new ECMO centers during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience and results from the Middle East and India	39
External validation of prognostic scores for COVID-19: a multicenter cohort study of patients hospitalized in Greater Paris University Hospitals	39
Respiratory microbiome in mechanically ventilated patients: a narrative review	39
Noninvasive respiratory support following extubation in critically ill adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis	39
Effect of midodrine versus placebo on time to vasopressor discontinuation in patients with persistent hypotension in the intensive care unit (MIDAS): an international randomised clinical trial	39
Source-specific host response and outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis: a prospective cohort study	39
Association between sepsis survivorship and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis	38
Partition of respiratory mechanics in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and association with outcome: a multicentre clinical study	37
Factors associated with acute mesenteric ischemia among critically ill ventilated patients with shock: a post hoc analysis of the NUTRIREA2 trial	37
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: incidence, patient characteristics, timing, trajectory, treatment, and associated outcomes. A multicenter, observational study	37
Pulmonary immuno-thrombosis in COVID-19 ARDS pathogenesis	36
Designing an ARDS trial for 2020 and beyond: focus on enrichment strategies	36
Electroencephalogram in the intensive care unit: a focused look at acute brain injury	36
How to improve intubation in the intensive care unit. Update on knowledge and devices	36
Critical illness in patients with hematologic malignancy: a population-based cohort study	35
The ten reasons why corticosteroid therapy reduces mortality in severe COVID-19	35
Management and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to intensive care unit for severe pneumonia related to SARS-CoV-2 infection: the multicenter and international COVIDPREG study	33
Secondary sclerosing cholangitis: an emerging complication in critically ill COVID-19 patients	33
Mental health symptoms in family members of COVID-19 ICU survivors 3 and 12 months after ICU admission: a multicentre prospective cohort study	33
Correction to: Clinical features, ventilatory management, and outcome of ARDS caused by COVID-19 are similar to other causes of ARDS	33
Epidemiology of surgery associated acute kidney injury (EPIS-AKI): a prospective international observational multi-center clinical study	32
Neuroanatomical substrates of generalized brain dysfunction in COVID-19	32
Echocardiography phenotypes of right ventricular involvement in COVID-19 ARDS patients and ICU mortality: post-hoc (exploratory) analysis of repeated data from the ECHO-COVID study	32
How to manage anticoagulation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation	32
High-level burnout in physicians and nurses working in adult ICUs: a systematic review and meta-analysis	31
(1 → 3)-β-d-Glucan-guided antifungal therapy in adults with sepsis: the CandiSep randomized clinical trial	31
Ventilatory settings in the initial 72 h and their association with outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a preplanned secondary analysis of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted norm	31
COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis: regional variation in incidence and diagnostic challenges	31
Delivering optimal renal replacement therapy to critically ill patients with acute kidney injury	31
Feasibility of conservative fluid administration and deresuscitation compared with usual care in critical illness: the Role of Active Deresuscitation After Resuscitation-2 (RADAR-2) randomised clinica	31
Predictors of death and new disability after critical illness: a multicentre prospective cohort study	30
Myorelaxants in ARDS patients	30
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in acute respiratory failure: a randomized controlled trial	29
How to ventilate obstructive and asthmatic patients	29
Direct assessment of microcirculation in shock: a randomized-controlled multicenter study	29
Association between acute disease severity and one-year quality of life among post-hospitalisation COVID-19 patients: Coalition VII prospective cohort study	29
The role of acute hypercapnia on mortality and short-term physiology in patients mechanically ventilated for ARDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis	29
Epinephrine versus norepinephrine in cardiac arrest patients with post-resuscitation shock	28
Long-term mortality of elderly patients after intensive care unit admission for COVID-19	28
Sex and gender differences in intensive care medicine	28
Understanding post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease (ILD): a new fibroinflammatory disease entity	28
Intensive care for COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries: research opportunities and challenges	28
How to manage coagulopathies in critically ill patients	28
Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) for severe respiratory failure in adult cancer patients: a retrospective multicenter analysis	28
Presymptomatic diagnosis of postoperative infection and sepsis using gene expression signatures	26

Long term outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia patients: early learning	26
Use of dexmedetomidine for sedation in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients: a rapid practice guideline	26
Poor timing and failure of source control are risk factors for mortality in critically ill patients with secondary peritonitis	26
SARS-CoV-2 in carotid body	25
Sepsis hospitalization and risk of subsequent cardiovascular events in adults: a population-based matched cohort study	25
Monitoring cerebral oxygenation in acute brain-injured patients	25
Increased 30-day mortality in very old ICU patients with COVID-19 compared to patients with respiratory failure without COVID-19	25
Organizational aspects of care associated with mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients	25
The association of the COVID-19 pandemic and short-term outcomes of non-COVID-19 critically ill patients: an observational cohort study in Brazilian ICUs	25
Ultrasound assessment of pulmonary fibroproliferative changes in severe COVID-19: a quantitative correlation study with histopathological findings	25
Effect of postextubation noninvasive ventilation with active humidification vs high-flow nasal cannula on reintubation in patients at very high risk for extubation failure: a randomized trial	25
Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study	25
Source control in the management of sepsis and septic shock	24
Immune enhancement in patients with predicted severe acute necrotising pancreatitis: a multicentre double-blind randomised controlled trial	24
Increased mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving extracorporeal respiratory support during the second wave of the pandemic	23
Critically ill patients with COVID-19: are they hemodynamically unstable and do we know why?	23
Safety and efficacy of multipotent adult progenitor cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome (MUST-ARDS): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 trial	23
Cardiac injury in COVID-19	23
Imaging the acute respiratory distress syndrome: past, present and future	23
Association of patient-to-intensivist ratio with hospital mortality in Australia and New Zealand	23
Exploring family members’ and health care professionals’ perceptions on ICU diaries: a systematic review and qualitative data synthesis	23
Potential role for interferon gamma in the treatment of recurrent ventilator-acquired pneumonia in patients with COVID-19: a hypothesis	23
The prediction of fluid responsiveness	22
ICU scoring systems	22
ERC-ESICM guidelines for prognostication after cardiac arrest: time for an update	22
Discriminating between CPAP success and failure in COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory failure	22
Ten myths about albumin	22
Impact of late administration of corticosteroids in COVID-19 ARDS	22
Early and sustained Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic therapy in critical illness: the randomised, placebo-controlled, restoration of gut microflora in critical illness trial (ROCIT)	22
Monitoring pain in the intensive care unit (ICU)	22
Prognostic value of global deep white matter DTI metrics for 1-year outcome prediction in ICU traumatic brain injury patients: an MRI-COMA and CENTER-TBI combined study	21
SAPS-3 performance for hospital mortality prediction in 30,571 patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICUs in Brazil	21
Circular material flow in the intensive care unit—environmental effects and identification of hotspots	21
Poor quality data, privacy, lack of certifications: the lethal triad of new technologies in intensive care	21
mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is associated with reduced ICU admission rate and disease severity in critically ill COVID-19 patients treated in Switzerland	21
Aerobic exercise capacity in long-term survivors of critical illness: secondary analysis of the post-EPaNIC follow-up study	21
The AKI care bundle: all bundle components are created equal—are they?	21
High arterial oxygen levels and supplemental oxygen administration in traumatic brain injury: insights from CENTER-TBI and OzENTER-TBI	21
Integrative omics provide biological and clinical insights into acute respiratory distress syndrome	21
Antimicrobial stewardship in ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic: back to the 90s?	21
COVID-19: what the clinician should know about post-mortem findings	20
What’s new in ECMO for COVID-19?	20
Dose of norepinephrine: the devil is in the details	20
Reducing the global burden of sepsis: a positive legacy for the COVID-19 pandemic?	20
Renal outcomes following intravenous contrast administration in patients with acute kidney injury: a multi-site retrospective propensity-adjusted analysis	20
One-year mortality after ICU admission due to COVID-19 infection	20
Machines that help machines to help patients: optimising antimicrobial dosing in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and renal replacement therapy using dosing software	20
Inhaled amphotericin B lipid complex for prophylaxis against COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis	20
The physiological underpinnings of life-saving respiratory support	19
How doctors manage conflicts with families of critically ill patients during conversations about end-of-life decisions in neonatal, pediatric, and adult intensive care	19
ECMO PAL: using deep neural networks for survival prediction in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation	19
Compartmentalisation of immune responses in critical illness: does it matter?	19
Psychological distress and morbidity of family members experiencing virtual visiting in intensive care during COVID-19: an observational cohort study	19
Uncovering heterogeneity in sepsis: a comparative analysis of subphenotypes	19
Outbreak of hepatitis in children: clinical course of children with acute liver failure admitted to the intensive care unit	19
Relationship between immunosuppression and intensive care unit-acquired colonization and infection related to multidrug-resistant bacteria: a prospective multicenter cohort study	19
Airborne spread of SARS-CoV-2 while using high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy: myth or reality?	19
Impact of BMI on outcomes in respiratory ECMO: an ELSO registry study	19
In search of the Holy Grail: identifying the best PEEP in ventilated patients	19
Differences in clinical deterioration among three sub-phenotypes of COVID-19 patients at the time of first positive test: results from a clustering analysis	19
Direct evidence of SARS-CoV-2 in gut endothelium	19
Camostat mesylate therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia	19
COVID-19-associated autoimmunity as a feature of acute respiratory failure	19
Between-trial heterogeneity in ARDS research	18
ESPNIC clinical practice guidelines: intravenous maintenance fluid therapy in acute and critically ill children— a systematic review and meta-analysis	18
Long-term outcomes of dexamethasone 12 mg versus 6 mg in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxaemia	18
Invasive arterial pressure monitoring: much more than mean arterial pressure!	18
Daily point-of-care ultrasound-assessment of central venous catheter-related thrombosis in critically ill patients: a prospective multicenter study	18
Major candidate variables to guide personalised treatment with steroids in critically ill patients with COVID-19: CIBERESUCICOVID study	18
Clinical features, etiologies, and outcomes in adult patients with meningoencephalitis requiring intensive care (EURECA): an international prospective multicenter cohort study	18
Clustering analysis of geriatric and acute characteristics in a cohort of very old patients on admission to ICU	17
Climate responsibilities in intensive care medicine—let’s go green! An introduction to a new series in Intensive Care Medicine	17
No clinically relevant removal of meropenem by cytokine adsorber CytoSorb® in critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock	17
Hypnotic suggestions of safety improve well-being in non-invasively ventilated patients in the intensive care unit	17
Clinical practice guidelines: management of severe bronchiolitis in infants under 12 months old admitted to a pediatric critical care unit	17
Prone position in mechanically ventilated patients	17
The 5-year pre- and post-hospitalization treated prevalence of mental disorders and psychotropic medication use in critically ill patients: a Canadian population-based study	17
Diversity and inclusivity: the way to multidisciplinary intensive care medicine in Europe	17
The goal of personalized glucose control in the critically ill remains elusive	17
Fatal cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after COVID-19 vaccination	17
High prevalence of acute stress disorder and persisting symptoms in ICU survivors after COVID-19	17
Intra-cycle power: is the flow profile a neglected component of lung protection?	17
How could ChatGPT impact my practice as an intensivist? An overview of potential applications, risks and limitations	16
Ketamine-induced cholangiopathy in ARDS patients	16
The brain in pediatric critical care: unique aspects of assessment, monitoring, investigations, and follow-up	16
The relationship between adrenocortical candidate gene expression and clinical response to hydrocortisone in patients with septic shock	16
Rapid establishment of a COVID-19 critical care unit in a convention centre: the Nightingale Hospital London experience	16
Effectiveness of an intensive care telehealth programme to improve process quality (ERIC): a multicentre stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial	16
Create intensive care green teams, there is no time to waste	16
“It was a nightmare until I saw my wife”: the importance of family presence for patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU	15
Ten tips to optimize vasopressors use in the critically ill patient with hypotension	15
Coronavirus disease 2019 subphenotypes and differential treatment response to convalescent plasma in critically ill adults: secondary analyses of a randomized clinical trial	15
Development and validation of early prediction models for new-onset functional impairment at hospital discharge of ICU admission	15
Intracranial pressure pulse morphology: the missing link?	15
Integrating palliative care into the ICU: a lasting and developing legacy	15