Applied Energy

Article	Citations
Estimating primary substation boundaries and the value of mapping Great Britain's electrical network infrastructure	360
Editorial Board	328
Editorial Board	311
Multi-objective optimization for an autonomous unmoored offshore wind energy system substructure	281
Transactive control for grid-interactive efficient commercial buildings	267
Effects of spatio-temporal variations of solar light on the multiscale optical and electrical characteristics of ultrathin tandem solar cells	257
Detailed system modeling of a vanadium redox flow battery operating at various geographical locations	253
Fraudulent balancing operation strategy for multi-agent P2P electricity trading considering neighborhood scene public energy storage	232
Anomalously enhanced thermal performance of micro heat pipes coated with heterogeneous superwettable graphene nanostructures	232
Editorial Board	228
Integrated scheduling and bidding of power and reserve of energy resource aggregators with storage plants	228
In-situ on-board evaluation and control of proton exchange membrane fuel cells using magnetic sensors	223
Editorial Board	221
Dynamic reconfiguration method and performance optimization of 3D curved photovoltaic modules under non-uniform illumination conditions based on improved simulated annealing algorithm (ISAA)	217
Adaptive home energy management based on PI-DRA-PPO for integrated electricity, hydrogen, and heat storage systems	208
Triple-layer optimization of distributed photovoltaic energy storage capacity for manufacturing enterprises considering carbon emissions and load management	195
Oscillatory thermal response tests to estimate the ground thermal diffusivity	192
Enhanced energy management of fuel cell electric vehicles using integral sliding mode control and passivity-based control	190
China's local-level monthly residential electricity power consumption monitoring	188
Techno-economic analysis on optimizing the value of photovoltaic electricity in a high-latitude location	184
Dynamic performance and control of Carnot battery-based combined cooling, heating and power systems with cascaded latent thermal energy stores	181
Energy optimisation in cloud datacentres with MC-TIDE: Mixed Channel Time-series Dense Encoder for workload forecasting	180
Multi-objective and multi-stage capacity planning for low-carbon iron and steel industry empowered by wind-gas‑hydrogen energy	177
US-China bi-lateral mineral trade and energy transition in the landscape of global value chain pressures, geo-economic fragmentation and US-China geopolitical risks	177
Non-intrusive load monitoring based on process-adaptive multi-target regression and transformer-enabled two-stream input network	174

Energy management strategy and simulation analysis of a hybrid train based on a comprehensive efficiency optimization	174
Equilibrium configuration strategy of vehicle-to-grid-based electric vehicle charging stations in low-carbon resilient distribution networks	174
Unveiling the role of carbonate in nickel-based plasmonic core@shell hybrid nanostructure for photocatalytic water splitting	172
A discrete regenerative fuel cell mediated by ammonia for renewable energy conversion and storage	170
Impact of customer portrait information superiority on competitive pricing of EV fast-charging stations	168
ProADD: Proactive battery anomaly dual detection leveraging denoising convolutional autoencoder and incremental voltage analysis	165
Development and validation of a dynamic operating envelopes-enabled demand response scheme in low-voltage distribution networks	164
Study on a direct-coupling thermoacoustic refrigerator using time-domain acoustic-electrical analogy method	162
Experimental validation of a hybrid electric organic Rankine vapor compression cooling system	161
Preliminary investigation on the switching time of a photovoltaic solar-assisted heat-pump/heat-pipe hybrid system	161
Retraction notice to “Optimal economic-emission planning of multi-energy systems integrated electric vehicles with modified group search optimization” [Appl. Energy 311 (2022) 118634]	158
Corrigendum to “Demand response programs in decentralized hybrid local energy markets: Evaluating the impact of risk-adjusted behavior of market players and the integration of renewable energy sources	155
TOWST: A physics-informed statistical model for building energy consumption with solar gain	154
Digital twin-enabled dynamic 4E-S multi-objective optimization framework for intelligent gas turbine operation with flexible loads	154
Development of integrated energy sharing systems between neighboring zero-energy buildings via micro-grid and local electric vehicles with energy trading business models	153
An incentivized cooperative scheme for transmission expansion in a 100% renewable Europe	152
Experimental investigation of wire-mesh equipped U-tube evacuated tube collector integrated with phase change material for hot water generation	151
Improving real-world execution of optimized trading schedules for large-scale battery storage systems through data-driven component parametrization	151
NPP-GPT: Forecasting nuclear power plants operating parameters using pre-trained large language model	151
Does taxation hamper the vehicle-to-grid business case? Empirical evidence from Germany	149
Accurate urban solar potential estimation empowered by multimodal 3-D building reconstruction: a case study in Landshut, Germany	148
A comparative analysis of optimizing hydrogen and battery shared energy storage in hybrid power generation systems	145
Joint planning of dynamic wireless charging lanes and power delivery infrastructure for heavy-duty drayage trucks	144
Pricing the risk due to weather conditions in small variable renewable energy projects	144
Development and modification of large-scale hydrogen liquefaction process empowered by LNG cold energy: A feasibility study	143
Degradation analysis of dynamic voltage response characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for health evaluation under dynamic load	143
Reverse current evolution during fuel cell start-up: Integrating high-resolution segmented current measurement with quasi-2D equivalent circuit modeling	142
Public transit electrification planning with energy storage via second-life batteries – a stochastic programming approach	140
Coordinated dispatch of hydrogen-penetrated integrated gas-electricity system based on dynamic subsidy: From a multi-stakeholder view	139
Without mandated demand for greenhouse gas removal – High integrity GtCO2-scale global deployment will be jeopardized: Insight from US economic policy 2020–23	139
A model-based study of the evolution of gravel layer permeability under the synergistic blockage effect of sand particle transport and secondary hydrate formation	139
Design and operational guidelines of solar-driven catalytic conversion of CO2 and H2 to fuels	136
Decoupled combustion of alcohol extracted herb residues with blending wasted activated coke: Insight into in-situ NO emission control by pyrolysis products	136
A deep-learning multi-source information fusion method for high-precision PV identification: Integration of U2-net image segmentation and multi-spectral screening	136
Advanced phase change material-thermal energy storage for low-carbon heat: materials, reliability, and AI-driven system integration for industry, buildings, and data centers	134
Material-specific photovoltaic systems integrated in smart grid using graph neural networks	133
Trade-offs between system cost and supply security in municipal energy system design: An analysis considering spatio-temporal disparities in the Value of Lost Load	133
Fabrication and synergistic control of ternary TiO2/MoO2@NC hollow spheres for high-performance lithium/sodium-ion batteries anodes	133
Non-intrusive thermal load disaggregation and forecasting for effective HVAC systems	132
Diesel genset optimization in remote microgrids	132
Experimental study on natural gas hydrate production under different heat injection well patterns	132
Characterization by key performance indicators of SFERA-III project to ALTAYR packed-bed prototype	132
Empowering women for embracing energy-efficient appliances: Unraveling factors and driving change in Pakistan's residential sector	131
Towards-standardization energy conversion efficiency measuring system for thermophotovoltaic cells	129
From baseload to flexibility: A cost-driven evolutionary model for thermal power industry at various stages of the China's “dual carbon” policy	128
Quantifying spatio-temporal carbon intensity within a city using large-scale smart meter data: Unveiling the impact of behind-the-meter generation	126
Research and development of innovative bidirectional control plate valve for reciprocating compressor	126
Vision transformer models to measure solar irradiance using sky images in temperate climates	126
Design and evaluation of an agrivoltaic system for a pear orchard	124
Assessment of the causal links between energy, technologies, and economic growth in China: An application of wavelet coherence and hybrid quantile causality approaches	124

PANDEMIC: Occupancy driven predictive ventilation control to minimize energy consumption and infection risk	124
Decoding the optimal charge depletion behavior in energy domain for predictive energy management of series plug-in hybrid electric vehicle	123
A novel framework for developing a machine learning-based forecasting model using multi-stage sensitivity analysis to predict the energy consumption of PCM-integrated building	123
CO2 regeneration energy requirement of carbon capture process with an enhanced waste heat recovery from stripped gas by advanced transport membrane condenser	122
PyPSA-Earth. A new global open energy system optimization model demonstrated in Africa	122
Highly accurate peak and valley prediction short-term net load forecasting approach based on decomposition for power systems with high PV penetration	121
Design and assessment of a concentrating solar thermal system for industrial process heat with a copper slag packed-bed thermal energy storage	120
Multi-time scale customer directrix load-based demand response under renewable energy and customer uncertainties	120
Feasibility of district heating in a mild climate: A comparison of warm and cold temperature networks in Bilbao	120
A few-shot learning framework for HVAC fault diagnosis in data centers with minimal data required	119
Reliability-driven optimal deployment of mobile energy storage for coupled transportation-power distribution network	119
An intelligent capacity management system for interface converter in AC-DC hybrid microgrids	118
Research on floating real-time pricing strategy for microgrid operator in local energy market considering shared energy storage leasing	118
Optimal energy efficiency control framework for distributed drive mining truck power system with hybrid energy storage: A vehicle-cloud integration approach	118
Hybrid offshore solar-wind farms: the potential of integrating floating photovoltaics with offshore wind	118
Joint chance-constrained energy-reserve co-optimization for distribution networks with flexible resource aggregators	118
Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning-based coordination control for grid-aware multi-buildings	117
A novel unified planning model for distributed generation and electric vehicle charging station considering multi-uncertainties and battery degradation	117
Development of a two-layer control and management system for a residential microgrid with HT-PEMFC-based micro-CHP	117
An adaptive neural fuzzy interface structure optimisation for prediction of energy consumption and airflow of a ventilation system	116
Comparative analysis of services from soft open points using cost–benefit analysis	116
Transition metal phosphides for efficient hydrogen evolution: Synthesis, multiscale regulation, and industrial prospects	116
Charging, steady-state SoC and energy storage distributions for EV fleets	115
Modelling the installation of next generation floating offshore wind farms	114
Multiple operational strategies investigations of the PV/T collectors based on 3 days ahead hourly radiation prediction	114
Progress, challenges, and prospects of CO2 mineral sequestration in basalt: A critical review	113
Dynamic modeling of global fossil fuel infrastructure and materials needs: Overcoming a lack of available data	113
Synergistic Management of Water, energy, and carbon: A case Study from Shandong Province, China	113
Energy consumption forecasting based on spatio-temporal behavioral analysis for demand-side management	112
Estimating built-up area carbon emissions through addressing regional development disparities with population and nighttime light data	112
Experiment-free physical hybrid neural network approach for battery pack inconsistency estimation	112
Negative emissions technologies in energy system models and mitigation scenarios - a systematic review	111
Full-scale fire testing of battery electric vehicles	111
A partially underground rock bed thermal energy storage with a novel air flow configuration	111
A generic life cycle assessment tool for overall aircraft design	111
Anti-tropical cyclone load reduction control of wind turbines based on deep neural network yaw algorithm	110
Transferable data-driven capacity estimation for lithium-ion batteries with deep learning: A case study from laboratory to field applications	110
Methane pyrolysis and carbon formation mechanisms in molten manganese chloride mixtures	110
A stepwise decomposition and multi-label feature selection framework for carbon price forecasting amidst real-time data drift	109
Dynamic behavior and energy flow of floating triboelectric nanogenerators	109
Novel battery power capability assessment for improved eVTOL aircraft landing	109
Analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluid in microchannel-cooled cylindrical Li-ion battery pack using multi-scale multi-domain framework	109
Quantifying the value of probabilistic forecasting for power system operation planning	108
Great Britain’s hydrogen infrastructure development — Investment priorities and locational flexibility	108
Type- and task-crossing energy management for fuel cell vehicles with longevity consideration: A heterogeneous deep transfer reinforcement learning framework	107
An accurate quantification study on the rooftop PV potential based UAV field photography in dense urban environments	107
A novel scheduling strategy for virtual power plant based on power market dynamic triggers	106
Thermophotovoltaic performance metrics and techno-economics: Efficiency vs. power density	106
Dynamic tracking MPP control of offshore bifacial floating photovoltaic systems with improved EMPC accounting for chaotic properties	106
Unlock the aggregated flexibility of electricity-hydrogen integrated virtual power plant for peak-regulation	106
Quantity effect of thermal runaway in sodium-ion battery modules: Synchronization failure and Hazard escalation driven by thermal anisotropy	106
Optimal dispatch of multiple interconnected-integrated energy systems considering multi-energy interaction and aggregated demand response for multiple stakeholders	106
Comparison of biorefinery characteristics: Photo-fermentation biohydrogen, dark fermentation biohydrogen, biomethane, and bioethanol production	105
Diversifying the African energy system: Economic versus equitable allocation of renewable electricity and e-fuel production	105
High-efficiency ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell systems for distributed power generation	105
Impact of climate and geological storage potential on feasibility of hydrogen fuels	104
A physics-informed machine learning method for short-term solar radiation forecast with satellite-derived cloud optical depth	104
How can energy system models align with the real-world tragedy of the horizon? The impact of decision-makers’ short-term biases and temporally-inconsistent preferences	104
Flexibility quantification of desalination plants for demand response: An adaptive robust optimization methodology	104
Optimal design of piezoelectric energy harvesters for bridge infrastructure: Effects of location and traffic intensity on energy production	104
A techno-economic analysis of a thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery	103
Self-supporting hydrate template with hydrate seeds and promoter liquids for semi-continuous formation of hydrogen hydrates	103
A hierarchical structure built on physical and data-based information for intelligent aero-engine gas path diagnostics	103
Integrating multiphysics modeling and machine learning for enhanced efficiency and thermal management in PEM water electrolyzer systems	103
High-power-density miniaturized packed-bed thermal energy storage unit via phase change material capsules	102
Optimal power allocation strategy and characteristic analyze of parallel IRGT/SOFC system for large ocean-going vessel under multi-scenario operation	102
A multi-physics system integration and modeling method for piezoelectric wave energy harvester	102
Remote work might unlock solar PV's potential of cracking the ‘Duck Curve’	102
Optimal energy procurement with long-term photovoltaic energy contracts considering generation uncertainty: A two-dimensional auction approach	102
Highly durable and efficient anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer using one-step fabrication of the integrated electrode by the hot-press process	101
Amplification of green hydrogen production using an innovative new hybrid semi-transparent photovoltaic solar panel integrated with tubular thermoelectric generators	101
Multi-objective control strategy for multilevel converter based battery D-STATCOM with power quality improvement	101
Hybrid coordination scheme based on fuzzy inference mechanism for residential charging of electric vehicles	101
Effects of lithium bis(oxalato)borate-derived surface coating layers on the performances of high-Ni cathodes for all-solid-state batteries	101
Impact of hub height for enhanced performance of wind turbines under varying atmospheric stability	100
A technical feasibility study of a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system: Integrated component design and off-design performance analysis	100
Co-optimization of building energy systems with renewable generations combining active and passive energy-saving	100
Incentive-compatible double auction for Peer-to-Peer energy trading considering heterogeneous power losses and transaction costs	99
Online transfer learning-based residential demand response potential forecasting for load aggregator	99
50% reduction in energy consumption in an actual cold storage facility using a deep reinforcement learning-based control algorithm	99

Generation and transmission expansion planning incorporating economically feasible heterogeneous demand-side resources	98
The potential of retrofitting existing coal power plants: A case study for operation with green iron	98
Exploring and understanding the internal voltage losses through catalyst layers in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis devices	98
A short-term wind power forecasting method based on multivariate signal decomposition and variable selection	98
The dynamic response of solid oxide fuel cell fueled by syngas during the operating condition variations	97
In-depth thermodynamic analysis of a novel middle temperature solar-fuel thermochemical hybrid hydrogen-electricity cogeneration system with inherent CO2 capture	97
Development of a probabilistic cooling load prediction-based robust chiller sequencing strategy and its real-world implementation	97
Thermal performance assessment for an array of cylindrical Lithium-Ion battery cells using an Air-Cooling system	96
Investigation of aero-hydro-elastic-mooring behavior of a H-type floating vertical axis wind turbine using coupled CFD-FEM method.	96
DP based multi-stage ARO for coordinated scheduling of CSP and wind energy with tractable storage scheme: Tight formulation and solution technique	96
Fusing causal inference and explainable AI: dynamic mechanisms and extreme event simulation in carbon markets	96
A reinforcement learning-enabled iterative learning control strategy of air-conditioning systems for building energy saving by shortening the morning start period	96
Efficient energy management of wireless charging roads with energy storage for coupled transportation–power systems	96
Generating comprehensive lithium battery charging data with generative AI	95
State-of-health estimation for lithium-ion battery via an evolutionary Stacking ensemble learning paradigm of random vector functional link and active-state-tracking long–short-term memory neural netw	95
Helium and natural hydrogen in the Bohai Bay Basin, China: Occurrence, resources, and exploration prospects	95
Experimental study of tube-array-based liquid piston air compressor for near-isothermal compressed air energy storage system	95
Cooperative V2G-enabled vehicle-to-vehicle sharing in energy and reserve markets: A coalitional approach	94
Thermal modeling and controller design of an alkaline electrolysis system under dynamic operating conditions	94
Political inequality and impacts on climate mitigation: the case of Germany's energy sector	94
Enhancing and stabilizing effects of low-carbon models on the synergistic benefits of wind and solar energy: Evidence from China	94
Diffusion-based inpainting approach for multifunctional short-term load forecasting	94
A four-stage fast reliability assessment framework for renewables-dominated strong power systems with large-scale energy storage by temporal decoupling and contingencies filtering	94
Optimal planning of local biomass-based integrated energy system considering anaerobic co-digestion	94
Digital versus grid investments in electricity distribution grids: Informed decision-making through system dynamics	94
Active distribution network operation management integrated with P2P trading	92
Voltage control of distribution grid with district cooling systems based on scenario-classified reinforcement learning	92
Multi-time scale scheduling for virtual power plants: Integrating the flexibility of power generation and multi-user loads while considering the capacity degradation of energy storage systems	92
A two-stage distributionally robust low-carbon operation method for antarctic unmanned observation station integrating virtual energy storage and hydrogen waste heat recovery	92
Investigation of output performance and temperature distribution uniformity of PEMFC based on Pt loading gradient design	91
Binary multi-frequency signal for accurate and rapid electrochemical impedance spectroscopy acquisition in lithium-ion batteries	91
Optimal planning for electricity-hydrogen integrated energy system considering multiple timescale operations and representative time-period selection	91
Unsupervised disaggregation of aggregated net load considering behind-the-meter PV based on virtual PV sample construction	91
Modeling and analysis on the voltage-mediated flexibility control of a low-voltage DC building energy system	91
A data-efficient method for lithium-ion battery state-of-health estimation based on real-time frequent itemset image encoding	91
Integrating a spatio-temporal diffusion model with a multi-criteria decision-making approach for optimal planning of electric vehicle charging infrastructure	90
A power load forecasting method in port based on VMD-ICSS-hybrid neural network	90
Energy system transition pathways to meet the global electricity demand for ambitious climate targets and cost competitiveness	90
Potential utilization of battery energy storage systems (BESS) in the major European electricity markets	90
Hydrodynamic analysis of hybrid system with wind turbine and wave energy converter	90
Assessment of mobility decarbonization with carbon tax policies and electric vehicle incentives in the U.S.	90
Assessing the prospect of long-term exploitation of Class 1 hydrate deposit with horizontal well in the South China Sea from energy, environmental, and economic perspectives	90
Degradation prediction of proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on the multi-inputs Bi-directional long short-term memory	89
A novel method for petroleum and natural gas resource potential evaluation and prediction by support vector machines (SVM)	89
Degradation prediction of PEM fuel cell using LSTM based on Gini gamma correlation coefficient and improved sand cat swarm optimization under dynamic operating conditions	89
Two-stage distributionally robust offering and pricing strategy for a price-maker virtual power plant	89
Plant-wide modeling and techno-economic analysis of a direct non-oxidative methane dehydroaromatization process via conventional and microwave-assisted catalysis	89
Intraday probabilistic forecasts of surface solar radiation with cloud scale-dependent autoregressive advection	89
Optimising the geospatial configuration of a future lithium ion battery recycling industry in the transition to electric vehicles and a circular economy	89
What does the digital economy bring to household carbon emissions? – From the perspective of energy intensity	89
Influence of hydrogen blending on the operation of natural gas pipeline network considering the compressor power optimization	89
Environmental effects of vehicle-to-grid charging in future energy systems – A prospective life cycle assessment	88
Are we too pessimistic? Cost projections for solar photovoltaics, wind power, and batteries are over-estimating actual costs globally	88
A hierarchical test benchmark of integrated energy system in Northeast China	88
We need stable, long-term policy support! — Evaluating the economic rationale behind the prevalent investor lament for forest-based biofuel production	88
Water-energy trajectories for urban water and wastewater reveal the impact of city strategies	88
Exploration of the configuration and operation rule of the multi-electrolyzers hybrid system of large-scale alkaline water hydrogen production system	88
Distributionally robust optimization configuration of integrated photovoltaic and energy storage in rail transit green energy system	88
Transfer learning for multi-objective non-intrusive load monitoring in smart building	88
Emission-based demand response in energy system optimisations—A systematic literature review	88
Domestic P2P energy market design considering network reconfiguration and usage fees: Bi-level nonlinear programming and exact clearing algorithm	88
A two-stage framework for optimal electricity‑hydrogen energy flow based on explainable graph learning and GPU-accelerated optimization	88
Health and performance diagnostics in Li-ion batteries with pulse-injection-aided machine learning	87
Modelling and analysis of V-shaped bifacial PV systems for agrivoltaic applications: A Python-based approach for energy optimization	87
CO2 utilization potential of a novel calcium ferrite based looping process fueled with coal: Experimental evaluation of various coal feedstocks and thermodynamic integrated process analysis	87
Design of an electrical energy storage system for hybrid diesel electric ship propulsion aimed at load levelling in irregular wave conditions	87
Life cycle benefits of enzymatic biodiesel co-produced in palm oil mills from sludge palm oil as renewable fuel for rural electrification	87
Comparative of diatom frustules, diatomite, and silica particles for constructing self-healing superhydrophobic materials with capacity for thermal energy storage	87
Data-driven prediction and evaluation on future impact of energy transition policies in smart regions	87
Prediction of CO2 storage efficiency and its uncertainty using deep-convolutional GANs and pore network modelling	86
Do separate bidding zones within countries create imbalances in PV uptake? Evidence from Sweden	86
Synchronous adjustment framework for the integrated hydrogen network and production system: A concurrent optimization strategy of the system based on multi-model ensemble method	86
A 3D distributed circuit-electrochemical model for the inner inhomogeneity of lithium-ion battery	86
Multiscale dynamic construction for abnormality detection and localization of Li-ion batteries	86
Designing model predictive control strategies for grid-interactive water heaters for load shifting applications	86
Thermodynamics, flexibility and techno-economics assessment of a novel integration of coal-fired combined heating and power generation unit and compressed air energy storage	86
Study on water spraying distribution to improve the energy recovery performance of indirect evaporative coolers with nozzle arrangement optimization	86
Multi-time-space scale optimization for a hydrogen-based regional multi-energy system	85
Experimental study on the performance of enhanced air-cooled photovoltaic thermal energy-supplied manure treatment technology	85
How to minimize voltage and fill factor losses to achieve over 20% efficiency lead chalcogenide quantum dot solar cells: Strategies expected through numerical simulation	85
Predicting commercial wind farm site suitability in the conterminous United States using a logistic regression model	85
Federated fuzzy k-means for privacy-preserving behavior analysis in smart grids	85
A tri-level model for optimal management of active distribution networks enabling two-layer local markets	85
Decarbonization pathways of Hard-to-Abate sectors through hydrogen blending solutions	84
Comparing the innovation impacts on firms: Pilot vs. National Carbon Emission Trading Schemes in China	84
Multi-objective performance optimization and control for gas turbine Part-load operation Energy-saving and NOx emission reduction	84
The indoor agriculture industry: A promising player in demand response services	84
Deep reinforcement learning based optimization for a tightly coupled nuclear renewable integrated energy system	84
A methodological review of cost-effective data-driven fault detection and diagnosis in distributed photovoltaic systems	84
Novel strategy for reducing the minimum miscible pressure in a CO2–oil system using nonionic surfactant: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations	84
Experimental study on the operating state of high-power vehicular fuel cell system hydrogen supply subsystem with an in-situ ultrasonic-based gas component monitoring equipment	83
Improved multi-time scale lumped thermoelectric coupling modeling and parameter dispersion evaluation of lithium-ion batteries	83
Distributive energy justice in local electricity markets: Assessing the performance of fairness indicators	83
Impact of business cycles on energy poverty: Exploring the significance with sustainable development goals in newly industrialized economies	83
A Benders decomposition approach for solving a two-stage local energy market problem under uncertainty	83