World Development

Article	Citations
COVID-19 implications on household income and food security in Kenya and Uganda: Findings from a rapid assessment	373
Adaptation interventions and their effect on vulnerability in developing countries: Help, hindrance or irrelevance?	355
Sustainability and development after COVID-19	263
Gender inequality during the COVID-19 pandemic: Income, expenditure, savings, and job loss	249
Post-pandemic transformations: How and why COVID-19 requires us to rethink development	242
COVID-19 and the rise of intimate partner violence	186
Economic complexity and greenhouse gas emissions	177
Which farms feed the world and has farmland become more concentrated?	170
Adoption of agricultural technology in the developing world: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature	164
Impacts of a national lockdown on smallholder farmers’ income and food security: Empirical evidence from two states in India	154
The impact of climate vulnerability on firms’ cost of capital and access to finance	146
Household response to an extreme shock: Evidence on the immediate impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on economic outcomes and well-being in rural Uganda	133
Remote-learning, time-use, and mental health of Ecuadorian high-school students during the COVID-19 quarantine	133
Beyond banning wildlife trade: COVID-19, conservation and development	117
The COVID-19 pandemic and food insecurity: A viewpoint on India	116
Responding to COVID-19: Community volunteerism and coproduction in China	115
The local governance of COVID-19: Disease prevention and social security in rural India	114
Inequality of opportunity, inequality of income and economic growth	107
COVID-19 and small enterprises in the food supply chain: Early impacts and implications for longer-term food system resilience in low- and middle-income countries	100
A sustainable livelihoods framework for the 21st century	100
The short-term economic effects of COVID-19 on low-income households in rural Kenya: An analysis using weekly financial household data	95
Equity as both a means and an end: Lessons for resilient food systems from COVID-19	95
Lessons for climate policy from behavioral biases towards COVID-19 and climate change risks	93
Dispossessed by decarbonisation: Reducing vulnerability, injustice, and inequality in the lived experience of low-carbon pathways	93
Examining the economic impact of COVID-19 in India through daily electricity consumption and nighttime light intensity	90

The pandemic of poverty, vulnerability, and COVID-19: Evidence from a fuzzy multidimensional analysis of deprivations in Brazil	83
Livelihoods in COVID times: Gendered perils and new pathways in India	80
Modeling interlinkages between sustainable development goals using network analysis	79
The short-term impacts of COVID-19 on households in developing countries: An overview based on a harmonized dataset of high-frequency surveys	79
Preliminary lessons from COVID-19 disruptions of small-scale fishery supply chains	77
COVID-19: Large-scale collective action, government intervention, and the importance of trust	77
Why is the number of COVID-19 cases lower than expected in Sub-Saharan Africa? A cross-sectional analysis of the role of demographic and geographic factors	76
All things equal? Heterogeneity in policy effectiveness against COVID-19 spread in chile	74
COVID-19′s impacts on migrant workers from Bangladesh: In search of policy intervention	72
Poverty and COVID-19 in Africa and Latin America	71
Learning from past pandemic governance: Early response and Public-Private Partnerships in testing of COVID-19 in South Korea	71
Managing the COVID-19 pandemic in poor urban neighborhoods: The case of Accra and Johannesburg	70
Why the Great Food Transformation may not happen – A deep-dive into our food systems’ political economy, controversies and politics of evidence	70
Disability-inclusive responses to COVID-19: Lessons learnt from research on social protection in low- and middle-income countries	67
Maldevelopment revisited: Inclusiveness and social impacts of soy expansion over Brazil’s Cerrado in Matopiba	65
Life under lockdown: Illustrating tradeoffs in South Africa’s response to COVID-19	64
Industrial policy for sustainable human development in the post-Covid19 era	63
The power of the collective empowers women: Evidence from self-help groups in India	63
Humanising agricultural extension: A review	61
Systematic prioritisation of SDGs: Machine learning approach	60
Evolution and early government responses to COVID-19 in South America	59
When international sustainability frameworks encounter domestic politics: The sustainable development goals and agri-food governance in South America	59
Does environmental regulation increase domestic value-added in exports? An empirical study of cleaner production standards in China	58
Grassroots waste picker organizations addressing the UN sustainable development goals	57
Taking power: Women’s empowerment and household Well-being in Sub-Saharan Africa	56
Can e-government limit the scope of the informal economy?	56
The Kerala model in the time of COVID19: Rethinking state, society and democracy	55
The social contract as a tool of analysis: Introduction to the special issue on “Framing the evolution of new social contracts in Middle Eastern and North African countries”	55
Specialization in food production affects global food security and food systems sustainability	55
Gender equality is diluted in commitments made to small-scale fisheries	55
Scaling up agriculture? The dynamics of land transfer in inland China	54
Lives and livelihoods: Estimates of the global mortality and poverty effects of the Covid-19 pandemic	53
Whatever it takes? The global financial safety net, Covid-19, and developing countries	53
China’s green transformation through eco-industrial parks	53
Latecomer development in a “greening” world: Introduction to the Special Issue	53
Impacts of cooperative membership on rice productivity: Evidence from China	53
COVID-19 and International Food Assistance: Policy proposals to keep food flowing	51
How health inequality affect responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa	50
Land rental market and agricultural labor productivity in rural China: A mediation analysis	50
COVID-19 in South Korea: Lessons for developing countries	50
Targeted poverty alleviation through photovoltaic-based intervention: Rhetoric and reality in Qinghai, China	49
Uber for tractors? Opportunities and challenges of digital tools for tractor hire in India and Nigeria	49
An empirical assessment of the effects of electricity access on food security	48
COVID-19 and armed conflict	48
Weather shocks, climate change and human health	48
Sensemaking and learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: A complex adaptive systems perspective on policy decision-making	48
Is Favoritism a Threat to Chinese Aid Effectiveness? A Subnational Analysis of Chinese Development Projects	46
Compounding crises of social reproduction: Microfinance, over-indebtedness and the COVID-19 pandemic	45
Psychological stress responses to COVID-19 and adaptive strategies in China	45
COVID-19 and conflict	45

Empowerment in water, sanitation and hygiene index	44
COVID-19, poverty and inclusive development	44
When means of implementation meet Ecological Modernization Theory: A critical frame for thinking about the Sustainable Development Goals initiative	44
SDG interlinkage networks: Analysis, robustness, sensitivities, and hierarchies	44
Digital platforms and institutional voids in developing countries: The case of ride-hailing markets	43
Sustaining peace through better resource governance: Three potential mechanisms for environmental peacebuilding	43
Changing livelihoods at India’s rural–urban transition	43
On the susceptibility and vulnerability of agricultural value chains to COVID-19	43
A scoping review of the development resilience literature: Theory, methods and evidence	43
How does Covid-19 affect urban slums? Evidence from settlement leaders in India	43
COVID-19 response needs to broaden financial inclusion to curb the rise in poverty	43
Infrastructure and household poverty in Brazil: A regional approach using multilevel models	42
Artisanal and small-scale mining, and COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa: A preliminary analysis	42
Examining multidimensional poverty reduction in India 2005/6–2015/16: Insights and oversights of the headcount ratio	42
Property rights and misallocation: Evidence from land certification in China	41
The COVID-19 pandemic intensified resource conflicts and indigenous resistance in Brazil	40
Incomplete transitions to clean household energy reinforce gender inequality by lowering women’s respiratory health and household labour productivity	40
Adaptive governance along Chinese-financed BRI railroad megaprojects in East Africa	40
Public support for development aid during the COVID-19 pandemic	39
Improving smallholder farmers’ gross margins and labor-use efficiency across a range of cropping systems in the Eastern Gangetic Plains	39
Why is it so hard to push Chinese railway projects in Southeast Asia? The role of domestic politics in Malaysia and Indonesia	39
Intrastate environmental peacebuilding: A review of the literature	39
Climate change and within-country inequality: New evidence from a global perspective	38
Fossil fuels, stranded assets and COVID-19: Imagining an inclusive & transformative recovery	38
COVID-19 in unequally ageing European regions	38
The welfare effects of crop biodiversity as an adaptation to climate shocks in Kenya	38
Does value chain participation facilitate the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in developing countries?	37
Women’s political empowerment and economic growth	37
India’s rural transformation and rising obesity burden	37
Climate risk, culture and the Covid-19 mortality: A cross-country analysis	36
Variety of national innovation systems (NIS) and alternative pathways to growth beyond the middle-income stage: Balanced, imbalanced, catching-up, and trapped NIS	36
Unlocking “lock-in” and path dependency: A review across disciplines and socio-environmental contexts	36
Will COVID-19 be one shock too many for smallholder coffee livelihoods?	36
Short-run environmental effects of COVID-19: Evidence from forest fires	36
Intersectionality shapes adaptation to social-ecological change	36
Using Google data to measure the role of Big Food and fast food in South Africa’s obesity epidemic	35
Self-help groups as platforms for development: The role of social capital	35
Water access in global South cities: The challenges of intermittency and affordability	35
Are smart cities green? The role of environmental and digital policies for Eco-innovation in China	34
China’s investments in renewable energy in Africa: Creating co-benefits or just cashing-in?	34
Effects of marketing contracts and resource-providing contracts in the African small farm sector: Insights from oil palm production in Ghana	34
Air pollution and academic performance: Evidence from India	33
Lack of access to clean fuel and piped water and children’s educational outcomes in rural India	33
Irrigation infrastructure and farm productivity in the Philippines: A stochastic Meta-Frontier analysis	33
The role of institutional entrepreneurs and informal land transactions in Mexico City’s urban expansion	33
Measuring women’s decisionmaking: Indicator choice and survey design experiments from cash and food transfer evaluations in Ecuador, Uganda and Yemen	33
The development of the international center model for agricultural research: A prehistory of the CGIAR	32
Contract farming as partial insurance	32
Demographic, health, and economic transitions and the future care burden	32
Dark and bright spots in the shadow of the pandemic: Rural livelihoods, social vulnerability, and local governance in India and Nepal	32
“We live and we do this work”: Women waste pickers’ experiences of wellbeing in Ahmedabad, India	32
Epidemics, pandemics, and social conflict: Lessons from the past and possible scenarios for COVID-19	32
Poverty reduction through land transfers? The World Bank’s titling reforms and the making of “subsistence” agriculture	31
The ABCs of Covid-19 prevention in Malawi: Authority, benefits, and costs of compliance	31
The impact of remittances on food insecurity: Evidence from Mexico	31
Challenging dominant sustainability worldviews on the energy transition: Lessons from Indigenous communities in Mexico and a plea for pluriversal technologies	31
Productive knowledge, economic sophistication, and labor share	31
The perversion of public land distribution by landed elites: Power, inequality and development in Colombia	31
Who can work and study from home in Pakistan: Evidence from a 2018–19 nationwide household survey	31
Understanding inclusive innovation processes in agricultural systems: A middle-range conceptual model	31
Informal mhealth at scale in Africa: Opportunities and challenges	30
Who benefits from climate-friendly agriculture? The marginal returns to a rainfed system of rice intensification in Tanzania	30
The benefits and limitations of agricultural input cooperatives in Zambia	30
Shaping alternatives to development: Solidarity and reciprocity in the Andes during COVID-19	30
Mobile money and healthcare use: Evidence from East Africa	30
Economic and social development along the urban–rural continuum: New opportunities to inform policy	30
Impact of energy poverty on public health: A non-linear study from an international perspective	30
Managing the Belt and Road: Agency and development in Cambodia and Myanmar	30
Covid-19 outbreak and the need for rice self-sufficiency in West Africa	30
More logistics, less aid: Humanitarian-business partnerships and sustainability in the refugee camp	29
Is son preference disappearing from Bangladesh?	29
Bright as night: Illuminating the antinomies of ‘gender positive’ solar development	29
The economic impact of weather anomalies	29
Transparency and Trust in Government. Evidence from a Survey Experiment	28
Localising Public Health: Refugee-led organisations as first and last responders in COVID-19	28
Economic, pro-social and pro-environmental factors influencing participation in an incentive-based conservation program in Bolivia	28
Making meat and milk from plants: A review of plant-based food for human and planetary health	28
Coping with climate shocks: The complex role of livestock portfolios	28
Plantations, women, and food security in Africa: Interrogating the investment pathway towards zero hunger in Cameroon and Ghana	28
Linking human capabilities with livelihood strategies to speed poverty reduction: Evidence from Rwanda	28

Challenges faced by smallholders in achieving sustainable palm oil certification in Indonesia	28
From paper institutions to bureaucratic autonomy: Institutional change as a resource curse remedy	27
Implications of poverty traps across levels	27
Encouraging technology adoption using ICTs and farm trials in Senegal: Lessons for gender equity and scaled impact	27
Evaluating risk allocation and project impacts of sustainability-oriented water public–private partnerships in Southern California: A comparative case analysis	27
Planning for a world beyond COVID-19: Five pillars for post-neoliberal development	27
A revisit of farm size and productivity: Empirical evidence from a wide range of farm sizes in Nigeria	27
What happens when the money runs out? Forest outcomes and equity concerns following Ecuador’s suspension of conservation payments	27
Conserving the Cerrado and Amazon biomes of Brazil protects the soy economy from damaging warming	27
Inequality, persistence of the informal economy, and club convergence	27
Too little but not too late: nowcasting poverty and cash transfers’ incidence during COVID-19’s crisis	26
Who pays for water? Comparing life cycle costs of water services among several low, medium and high-income utilities	26
Locked down and locked out: Repurposing social assistance as emergency relief to informal workers	26
‘To prevent this disease, we have to stay at home, but if we stay at home, we die of hunger’ – Livelihoods, vulnerability and coping with Covid-19 in rural Mozambique	26
Impact of agricultural extension services on the adoption of improved wheat variety in Ethiopia: A cluster randomized controlled trial	25
Leveraging private investment to expand renewable power generation: Evidence on financial additionality and productivity gains from Uganda	25
Knowledge politics and the Bt cotton success narrative in Burkina Faso	25
Does experience sharing affect farmers’ pro-environmental behavior? A randomized controlled trial in Vietnam	25
In-utero Exposure to Rainfall Variability and Early Childhood Health	25
Gender, time-use, and energy expenditures in rural communities in India and Nepal	25
The double bottom line of microfinance: A global comparison between conventional and Islamic microfinance	25
Capitalism and extreme poverty: A global analysis of real wages, human height, and mortality since the long 16th century	25
Energy access for marginalized communities: Evidence from rural North India, 2015–2018	24
Boosting rural labor off-farm employment through urban expansion in China	24
Women farm what they can manage: How time constraints affect the quantity and quality of labor for married women’s agricultural production in southwestern Nigeria	24
Measuring empowerment: Choices, values and norms	24
The impacts of climate change on agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: A spatial panel data approach	24
Migration, labor and women’s empowerment: Evidence from an agricultural value chain in Bangladesh	24
Natural disasters and labor migration: Evidence from Nepal’s earthquake	24
Food insecurity and compound environmental shocks in Nepal: Implications for a changing climate	24
Corruption, institutional trust and political engagement in Peru	24
Spatial inequality, geography and economic activity	24
Designing for empowerment impact in agricultural development projects: Experimental evidence from the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Gender Linkages (ANGeL) project in Bangladesh	23
Sustaining escapes from poverty	23
Effects of input vouchers and rainfall insurance on agricultural production and household welfare: Experimental evidence from northern Ethiopia	23
Rethinking social contracts in the MENA region: Economic governance, contingent citizenship, and state-society relations after the Arab uprisings	23
The mutual constraints of states and global value chains during COVID-19: The case of personal protective equipment	23
Do financial crises increase income inequality?	23
Stigma, Trust, and procedural integrity: Covid-19 testing in Malawi	23
Long-term impacts of tropical cyclones and fluvial floods on economic growth – Empirical evidence on transmission channels at different levels of development	23
Covid-19 vs. Ebola: Impact on households and small businesses in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo	23
Women’s reproductive health and economic activity: A narrative review	22
A multidimensional perspective on child labor in the value chain: The case of the cocoa value chain in West Africa	22
CSR and local conflicts in African mining communities	22
Bank deregulation and corporate environmental performance	22
Household welfare in the digital age: Assessing the effect of mobile money on household consumption volatility in developing countries	22
The ‘Sustainable Public Health Index’: What if public health and sustainable development are compatible?	22
Narco-degradation: Cocaine trafficking’s environmental impacts in Central America’s protected areas	22
Viewpoint – Handwashing and COVID-19: Simple, right there…?	22
Distortions in aid allocation of United Nations flash appeals: Evidence from the 2015 Nepal earthquake	22
Collaborative survival and the politics of livability: Towards adaptation otherwise	22
Local corruption, total factor productivity and firm heterogeneity: Empirical evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms	22
The redistributive effects of pandemics: Evidence on the Spanish flu	22
Income inequality in Africa, 1990–2019: Measurement, patterns, determinants	22
Understanding China’s wildlife markets: Trade and tradition in an age of pandemic	21
Vietnam’s forest cover changes 2005–2016: Veering from transition to (yet more) transaction?	21
Impact of natural disasters on the income distribution	21
The micro-politics of corporate responsibility: How companies shape protest in communities affected by mining	21
Do remittances reshape household expenditures? Evidence from Nepal	21
Demand and supply constraints of credit in smallholder farming: Evidence from Ethiopia and Tanzania	21
Employment effects of economic sanctions in Iran	21
Measuring willingness to pay for reliable electricity: Evidence from Senegal	21
Nitrogen efficiency by soil quality and management regimes on Malawi farms: Can fertilizer use remain profitable?	21
The effectiveness of interventions to reduce informality in low- and middle-income countries	21
The role of agriculture in poverty escapes in Kenya – Developing a capabilities approach in the context of climate change	21
The hierarchy of needs empirical examination of Maslow’s theory and lessons for development	21
Alternative routes to the institutionalisation of social transfers in sub-Saharan Africa: Political survival strategies and transnational policy coalitions	21
The coca enclosure: Autonomy against accumulation in Colombia	20
The impact of investing in social care on employment generation, time-, income-poverty by gender: A macro-micro policy simulation for Turkey	20
The impact of domestic and foreign R&D on TFP in developing countries	20
Moving out of agriculture in Bangladesh: The role of farm, non-farm and mixed households	20
Urban informalities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): A solution for or barrier against sustainable city development	20
The dynamics of income inequality in Africa: An empirical investigation on the role of macroeconomic and institutional forces	20
Electrification and cooking fuel choice in rural India	20
Social protection and multidimensional poverty: Lessons from Ethiopia, India and Peru	20
Integration of a local fish market in Namibia with the global seafood trade: Implications for fish traders and sustainability	20
Is Chinese aid different?	20
COVID-19 vaccines: Getting Anti-vaxxers involved in the discussion	20
Oil palm cultivation improves living standards and human capital formation in smallholder farm households	20
Moving up or going under? Differential livelihood trajectories in coastal communities in Vietnam	20
A multidimensional framework for disaster recovery: Longitudinal qualitative evidence from Puerto Rican households	20
The moral and political economy of the pandemic in Bangladesh: Weak states and strong societies during Covid-19	20
Can the minimum wage reduce poverty and inequality in the developing world? Evidence from Brazil	20
Is energy aid allocated fairly? A global energy vulnerability perspective	20
Redistributing resilience? Deliberate transformation and political capabilities in post-Haiyan Tacloban	20
Degradation and disease: Ecologically unequal exchanges cultivate emerging pandemics	20
Should payments for environmental services be used to implement zero-deforestation supply chain policies? The case of soy in the Brazilian Cerrado	20
Brand Aid and coffee value chain development interventions: Is Starbucks working aid out of business?	19
Bubble in, bubble out: Lessons for the COVID-19 recovery and future crises from the Pacific	19
Coastal dilemma: Climate change, public assistance and population displacement	19
The rise and fall of import substitution	19
Diversifying violence: Mining, export-agriculture, and criminal governance in Mexico	19
Do minimum wages reduce employment in developing countries? A survey and exploration of conflicting evidence	19
Friends and benefits? Endogenous rotating savings and credit associations as alternative for women’s empowerment in India	19
Seasonal droughts and the risk of childhood undernutrition in Ethiopia	19