International Journal of Epidemiology

Article	Citations
Use of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to identify confounders in applied health research: review and recommendations	309
Characteristics and predictors of hospitalization and death in the first 11 122 cases with a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 in Denmark: a nationwide cohort	200
Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life-expectancy losses: a population-level study of 29 countries	175
COVID-19 antibody seroprevalence in Santa Clara County, California	133
The use of two-sample methods for Mendelian randomization analyses on single large datasets	132
Excess mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: a two-stage interrupted time-series analysis	116
The role of C-reactive protein as a prognostic marker in COVID-19	109
Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, and the impact of coinfection on disease severity: a test-negative design	101
Cohort Profile: the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study	98
Risk factors for positive and negative COVID-19 tests: a cautious and in-depth analysis of UK biobank data	90
Higher risk of dementia in English older individuals who are overweight or obese	86
Cohort Profile: 46 years of follow-up of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966)	85
Childhood overweight and obesity and timing of puberty in boys and girls: cohort and sibling-matched analyses	84
Reflection on modern methods: demystifying robust standard errors for epidemiologists	79
Early prediction of mortality risk among patients with severe COVID-19, using machine learning	78
Social inequalities and COVID-19 mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil	77
Comparisons between countries are essential for the control of COVID-19	76
Cohort Profile Update: The HUNT Study, Norway	70
Cohort Profile Update: The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)	70
Commentary: Developing best-practice guidelines for the reporting of E-values	64
Reflection on modern methods: when is a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial a good study design choice?	64
Cohort Profile: The St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (SJLIFE) for paediatric cancer survivors	63
Data Resource Profile: COVerAGE-DB: a global demographic database of COVID-19 cases and deaths	62
Cohort Profile Update: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS)	62
Reflection on modern methods: trial emulation in the presence of immortal-time bias. Assessing the benefit of major surgery for elderly lung cancer patients using observational data	61

Categories and health impacts of intimate partner violence in the World Health Organization multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence	60
Bias in two-sample Mendelian randomization when using heritable covariable-adjusted summary associations	57
The use of negative control outcomes in Mendelian randomization to detect potential population stratification	55
Antibody status and cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults in three regions of France following the first lockdown and associated risk factors: a multicohort study	55
More green, less lonely? A longitudinal cohort study	53
Cohort Profile Update: Africa Centre Demographic Information System (ACDIS) and population-based HIV survey	51
Corrigendum to: Interrupted time series regression for the evaluation of public health interventions: a tutorial	51
The COVID-19 pandemic and the menstrual cycle: research gaps and opportunities	51
Religious-service attendance and subsequent health and well-being throughout adulthood: evidence from three prospective cohorts	49
Cohort Profile: The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases study (SEED)	48
Cohort Profile Update: Lifelines, a three-generation cohort study and biobank	48
Analyses of ‘change scores’ do not estimate causal effects in observational data	48
Ultra-processed food and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies	48
Reflection on modern methods: a common error in the segmented regression parameterization of interrupted time-series analyses	48
Cancer cure for 32 cancer types: results from the EUROCARE-5 study	47
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in over 6000 healthcare workers in Spain	47
Association of maternal diabetes with neurodevelopmental disorders: autism spectrum disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability	46
COVID-19 and the ‘rediscovery’ of health inequities	46
Educational note: addressing special cases of bias that frequently occur in perinatal epidemiology	45
Data Resource Profile: The Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP)	45
Development and validation of a prognostic model based on comorbidities to predict COVID-19 severity: a population-based study	45
COVID-19 epidemic: disentangling the re-emerging controversy about medical facemasks from an epidemiological perspective	44
Cohort Profile: The Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI)	44
Systemic inflammatory regulators and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study	42
Global trend of aetiology-based primary liver cancer incidence from 1990 to 2030: a modelling study	41
Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study	40
Meat intake and cancer risk: prospective analyses in UK Biobank	40
Prospective evaluation of a breast-cancer risk model integrating classical risk factors and polygenic risk in 15 cohorts from six countries	37
Common misconceptions about validation studies	37
Coffee and tea consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective studies from the Asia Cohort Consortium	37
Excess all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related mortality: a temporal analysis in 22 countries, from January until August 2020	36
COVID-19 healthcare demand and mortality in Sweden in response to non-pharmaceutical mitigation and suppression scenarios	35
Role of ultra-processed food in fat mass index between 6 and 11 years of age: a cohort study	33
Cohort Profile: Early Pandemic Evaluation and Enhanced Surveillance of COVID-19 (EAVE II) Database	33
Parental income and mental disorders in children and adolescents: prospective register-based study	31
Occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica and risk of autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a nationwide cohort study	31
Reflection on modern methods: generalized linear models for prognosis and intervention—theory, practice and implications for machine learning	31
Ethnic-minority groups in England and Wales—factors associated with the size and timing of elevated COVID-19 mortality: a retrospective cohort study linking census and death records	31
Trans-ethnic Mendelian-randomization study reveals causal relationships between cardiometabolic factors and chronic kidney disease	31
Filling the gaps in the characterization of the clinical management of COVID-19: 30-day hospital admission and fatality rates in a cohort of 118 150 cases diagnosed in outpatient settings in Spain	31
Factors associated with participation over time in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: a study using linked education and primary care data	31
The causal effects of health conditions and risk factors on social and socioeconomic outcomes: Mendelian randomization in UK Biobank	31
Vitamin D deficiency and C-reactive protein: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study	31
HOSTED—England’s Household Transmission Evaluation Dataset: preliminary findings from a novel passive surveillance system of COVID-19	30
Cross-trait analyses with migraine reveal widespread pleiotropy and suggest a vascular component to migraine headache	29
Emulating a target trial in case-control designs: an application to statins and colorectal cancer	29
Reduced mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak in Japan, 2020: a two-stage interrupted time-series design	29
Epidemiological characteristics of the first 100 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, a city with a stringent containment policy	29
Heat wave characteristics, mortality and effect modification by temperature zones: a time-series study in 130 counties of China	29
Cohort Profile Update: Manhiça Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) of the Manhiça Health Research Centre (CISM)	29

Association between the pregnancy exposome and fetal growth	28
Development of a common scale for measuring healthy ageing across the world: results from the ATHLOS consortium	28
Is disrupted sleep a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease? Evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis	28
Evaluating the direct effects of childhood adiposity on adult systemic metabolism: a multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis	27
Ambient air pollution, healthy diet and vegetable intakes, and mortality: a prospective UK Biobank study	27
Commentary: Measuring excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: progress and persistent challenges	27
Estimands in cluster-randomized trials: choosing analyses that answer the right question	27
SARS-CoV-2 viral-load distribution reveals that viral loads increase with age: a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study	27
Protein foods from animal sources, incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: a substitution analysis	27
Excess deaths reveal the true spatial, temporal and demographic impact of COVID-19 on mortality in Ecuador	26
Estimated SARS-CoV-2 infection rate and fatality risk in Gauteng Province, South Africa: a population-based seroepidemiological survey	26
Cohort Profile: The LIFE-Adult-Study	26
Temporal recalibration for improving prognostic model development and risk predictions in settings where survival is improving over time	26
A causal inference perspective on the analysis of compositional data	26
Cohort Profile: The Hazelwood Health Study Adult Cohort	26
Epidemiological characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 infection in Wuhan, China: evidence from a retrospective observational study	26
Can synthetic controls improve causal inference in interrupted time series evaluations of public health interventions?	26
The global burden of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: comparison of country-level prevalence estimates from four research groups	26
Identifying factors contributing to increased susceptibility to COVID-19 risk: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies	25
Long-term exposure to iron and copper in fine particulate air pollution and their combined impact on reactive oxygen species concentration in lung fluid: a population-based cohort study of cardiovascu	25
Dicamba use and cancer incidence in the agricultural health study: an updated analysis	25
Small-area methods for investigation of environment and health	25
Data Resource Profile: The Integrated Primary Care Information (IPCI) database, The Netherlands	25
Association between smoking, e-cigarette use and severe COVID-19: a cohort study	24
Transportation noise and risk of stroke: a nationwide prospective cohort study covering Denmark	24
Causal diagrams for immortal time bias	24
COVID-19 in South Korea: epidemiological and spatiotemporal patterns of the spread and the role of aggressive diagnostic tests in the early phase	24
Modelling intensive care unit capacity under different epidemiological scenarios of the COVID-19 pandemic in three Western European countries	24
Data Resource Profile: China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance (CCDRFS)	24
The effects of eight serum lipid biomarkers on age-related macular degeneration risk: a Mendelian randomization study	24
Nitrites and nitrates from food additives and natural sources and cancer risk: results from the NutriNet-Santé cohort	24
Cohort Profile: The Collaborating Consortium of Cohorts Producing NIDA Opportunities (C3PNO)	24
Inference about causation from examination of familial confounding (ICE FALCON): a model for assessing causation analogous to Mendelian randomization	23
Mortality among uranium miners in North America and Europe: the Pooled Uranium Miners Analysis (PUMA)	23
Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a systematic review, meta-analysis and quasi-experimental family-based study	23
A directed acyclic graph for interactions	23
Cohort Profile: the Etude Epidémiologique sur les Petits Ages Gestationnels-2 (EPIPAGE-2) preterm birth cohort	23
Data Resource Profile: Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN) Ontario	23
County-level socio-economic disparities in COVID-19 mortality in the USA	22
Universal COVID-19 screening of 4040 health care workers in a resource-limited setting: an Egyptian pilot model in a university with 12 public hospitals and medical centers	22
Mismatch between poor fetal growth and rapid postnatal weight gain in the first 2 years of life is associated with higher blood pressure and insulin resistance without increased adiposity in childhood	22
The impact of particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) on atherosclerosis in modernizing China: a report from the CATHAY study	22
The human exposome and health in the Anthropocene	22
Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19	21
Human papillomavirus infection associated with increased risk of new-onset psoriasis: a nationwide population-based cohort study	21
Cohort Profile Update: The 45 and Up Study	21
Tobacco smoking and mortality among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults in Australia	21
Seasonal variation in mortality and the role of temperature: a multi-country multi-city study	20
Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study	20
Solid fuel use, socioeconomic indicators and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study in a rural area of Sichuan, China	20
Long-term use of antibiotics and risk of type 2 diabetes in women: a prospective cohort study	20
Is greener better? Associations between greenness and birth outcomes in both urban and non-urban settings	20
Data Resource Profile: The Copenhagen Hospital Biobank (CHB)	20
Proportional multistate lifetable modelling of preventive interventions: concepts, code and worked examples	20
Commentary: SARS, MERS and COVID-19—new threats; old lessons	20
Healthy ageing for all? Comparisons of socioeconomic inequalities in health expectancies over two decades in the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies I and II	19
No causal associations between childhood family income and subsequent psychiatric disorders, substance misuse and violent crime arrests: a nationwide Finnish study of >650 000 individuals and t	19
Cohort Profile: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSI-Brazil)	19
Epigenome-wide association study of diet quality in the Women’s Health Initiative and TwinsUK cohort	19
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and all-cause mortality by sex and age: a prospective cohort study among 15.8 million adults	19
Cohort Profile Update: Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study: a UK population-based comparison of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people of European, South Asian and African Caribbean heri	19
Apt interpretation of comprehensive lipoprotein data in large-scale epidemiology: disclosure of fundamental structural and metabolic relationships	19
Cohort Profile Update: The Harmonised Cognitive Assessment Protocol Sub-study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA-HCAP)	19
Religious dietary rules and their potential nutritional and health consequences	19
Socio-demographic inequalities and excess non-COVID-19 mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: a data-driven analysis of 1 069 174 death certificates in Mexico	19
Early-life antibiotic use and risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: results of a discordant twin study	19
A systematic review on lagged associations in climate–health studies	18
Genetic evidence that higher central adiposity causes gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a Mendelian randomization study	18
Is genetic liability to ADHD and ASD causally linked to educational attainment?	18
Maternal education and cognitive development in 15 European very-preterm birth cohorts from the RECAP Preterm platform	18
Penetration and impact of COVID-19 in long term care facilities in England: population surveillance study	18
Effects of urbanization on vulnerability to heat-related mortality in urban and rural areas in South Korea: a nationwide district-level time-series study	18
The growing rural–urban divide in US life expectancy: contribution of cardiovascular disease and other major causes of death	18
Cohort Profile: The Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases–Heart Study (LIFE-Heart)	18
The combined impact of smoking, obesity and alcohol on life-expectancy trends in Europe	18
Seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates: a population-based cross-sectional study	18
Physical activity and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: evidence from meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization	18
Prospective association between dietary pesticide exposure profiles and postmenopausal breast-cancer risk in the NutriNet-Santé cohort	18
Genetically predicted sex hormone levels and health outcomes: phenome-wide Mendelian randomization investigation	17
Reflection on modern methods: Dynamic prediction using joint models of longitudinal and time-to-event data	17

The role of overweight in the association between the Mediterranean diet and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a mediation analysis among 21 585 UK biobank participants	17
Cohort Profile: The Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation Study (NorLAG)	17
Predicting and forecasting the impact of local outbreaks of COVID-19: use of SEIR-D quantitative epidemiological modelling for healthcare demand and capacity	17
Association of prenatal maternal blood lead levels with birth outcomes in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS): a nationwide birth cohort study	17
Cohort Profile: The Finnish Gestational Diabetes (FinnGeDi) Study	17
Using multivariable Mendelian randomization to estimate the causal effect of bone mineral density on osteoarthritis risk, independently of body mass index	17
Cohort Profile Update: the Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort and embryonic and fetal measurements using 3D ultrasound and virtual reality techniques	17
Impacts of mild and severe COVID-19 on sick leave	17
Examining the robustness of observational associations to model, measurement and sampling uncertainty with the vibration of effects framework	17
An empirical investigation into the impact of winner’s curse on estimates from Mendelian randomization	17
Data Resource Profile: The Hong Kong Diabetes Surveillance Database (HKDSD)	16
Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and associations with cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancer in Taiwan: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study	16
COVID-19 and the worsening of health inequities in Santiago, Chile	16
Natural gas development, flaring practices and paediatric asthma hospitalizations in Texas	16
A demographic scaling model for estimating the total number of COVID-19 infections	16
Plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and pancreatic cancer risk	16
Intersections of machine learning and epidemiological methods for health services research	16
Paternal body mass index and offspring DNA methylation: findings from the PACE consortium	16
Does level of education influence mortality of SARS-CoV-2 in a developing country?	16
Advances in spatiotemporal models for non-communicable disease surveillance	16
Cohort Profile: The 100 Million Brazilian Cohort	16
Declining mortality in older people with type 2 diabetes masks rising excess risks at younger ages: a population-based study of all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 13 years	16
Cohort Profile Update: The 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70)	16
Spicy food consumption and risk of gastrointestinal-tract cancers: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank	16
Respiratory and cardiovascular condition-related physician visits associated with wildfire smoke exposure in Calgary, Canada, in 2015: a population-based study	16
Methylation marks of prenatal exposure to maternal smoking and risk of cancer in adulthood	15
Assessment of causal effects of visceral adipose tissue on risk of cancers: a Mendelian randomization study	15
Interpreting Mendelian-randomization estimates of the effects of categorical exposures such as disease status and educational attainment	15
Vegetarian diets during pregnancy, and maternal and neonatal outcomes	15
Predicting cardiovascular risk from national administrative databases using a combined survival analysis and deep learning approach	15
Cohort Profile: The Copenhagen Baby Heart Study (CBHS)	15
Characterizing a two-pronged epidemic in Mexico of non-communicable diseases and SARS-Cov-2: factors associated with increased case-fatality rates	15
Reflection on modern methods: statistical, policy and ethical implications of using age-standardized health indicators to quantify inequities	15
Separate and combined effects of individual and neighbourhood socio-economic disadvantage on health-related lifestyle risk factors: a multilevel analysis	15
Cohort Profile: HABITAT—a longitudinal multilevel study of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and health and functioning in mid-to-late adulthood	15
Circulating insulin-like growth factors and risks of overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer: a collaborative analysis of 20 prospective studies and Mendelian randomization analysis	15
Sample size calculators for planning stepped-wedge cluster randomized trials: a review and comparison	15
The effect of the Mediterranean Diet on lifespan: a treatment-effect survival analysis of a population-based prospective cohort study in Southern Italy	15
Reflection on modern methods: building causal evidence within high-dimensional molecular epidemiological studies of moderate size	15
Changes in infection-related hospitalizations in children following pandemic restrictions: an interrupted time-series analysis of total population data	15
Measuring education in the context of health inequalities	15
Cohort Profile: Taiwan Birth Cohort Study (TBCS)	15
Lessons learnt when accounting for competing events in the external validation of time-to-event prognostic models	15
Data Resource Profile: Understanding the patterns and determinants of health in South Asians—the South Asia Biobank	15
Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies	15
International comparisons of COVID-19 deaths in the presence of comorbidities require uniform mortality coding guidelines	15
Practical considerations for specifying a super learner	15
Shift and night work during pregnancy and preterm birth—a cohort study of Swedish health care employees	14
Parental occupational exposure pre- and post-conception and development of asthma in offspring	14
High-risk landscapes of Japanese encephalitis virus outbreaks in India converge on wetlands, rain-fed agriculture, wild Ardeidae, and domestic pigs and chickens	14
The causal effects of serum lipids and apolipoproteins on kidney function: multivariable and bidirectional Mendelian-randomization analyses	14
Cohort Profile: The Shanghai Children’s Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation, Preschool (SCHEDULE-P) study	14
Reflection on modern methods: planned missing data designs for epidemiological research	14
Data Resource Profile: The Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data (ECHILD) Database	14
Assessing the role of genome-wide DNA methylation between smoking and risk of lung cancer using repeated measurements: the HUNT study	14
Coverage of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in four sub-Saharan countries: findings from household surveys	14
Estimates of excess mortality for the five Nordic countries during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020−2021	14
Are there causal relationships between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and body mass index? Evidence from multiple genetically informed designs	14
Reflection on modern methods: visualizing the effects of collinearity in distributed lag models	14
Weekly-specific ambient fine particular matter exposures before and during pregnancy were associated with risks of small for gestational age and large for gestational age: results from Project ELEFANT	14
Cohort Profile: The Melbourne Injecting Drug User Cohort Study (SuperMIX)	14
Empirical comparisons of multiple Mendelian randomization approaches in the presence of assortative mating	14
Interpretation of Mendelian randomization using a single measure of an exposure that varies over time	14
The changing contribution of childhood social characteristics to mortality: a comparison of Finnish cohorts born in 1936–50 and 1961–75	14
Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals without traditional risk factors: development and validation of a novel risk score	14
Cohort Profile: COVIDMENT: COVID-19 cohorts on mental health across six nations	13
Commentary: Continuing the E-value’s post-publication peer review	13
Mendelian randomization analysis for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: studying a broad range of exposures and outcomes	13
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 671 COVID-19 patients in Henan Province, China	13
Metabolic profiles of socio-economic position: a multi-cohort analysis	13
bootComb—an R package to derive confidence intervals for combinations of independent parameter estimates	13
Descriptive epidemiology of energy expenditure in the UK: findings from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008–15	13
Commentary: An argument against E-values for assessing the plausibility that an association could be explained away by residual confounding	13
Identifying impacts of air pollution on subacute asthma symptoms using digital medication sensors	13
Lifestyle, genetic risk and incidence of cancer: a prospective cohort study of 13 cancer types	13
Cohort Profile Update: The Motorik-Modul (MoMo) Longitudinal Study—physical fitness and physical activity as determinants of health development in German children and adolescents	13
Cohort Profile: The Maule Cohort (MAUCO)	13
Exposure to source-specific air pollution and risk for type 2 diabetes: a nationwide study covering Denmark	13
Excess mortality in Israel associated with COVID-19 in 2020–2021 by age group and with estimates based on daily mortality patterns in 2000–2019	13
Investigating the transparency of reporting in two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization studies using the MR-Base platform	13
Cohort Profile: The Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Uganda (IMHDSS, Uganda)	13
Cohort Profile: The Rural Chinese Cohort Study	13
Educational note: causal decomposition of population health differences using Monte Carlo integration and the g-formula	12
Inequalities in all-cause and cause-specific mortality across the life course by wealth and income in Sweden: a register-based cohort study	12
A comprehensive evaluation of methods for Mendelian randomization using realistic simulations and an analysis of 38 biomarkers for risk of type 2 diabetes	12
Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort	12
Data Resource Profile: The Philippine National Nutrition Survey (NNS)	12
Cohort Profile: Chengdu Positive Child Development (CPCD) survey	12
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour over adulthood in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review of analytic strategies and study findings	12
Longitudinal profiling of metabolic ageing trends in two population cohorts of young adults	12
Cohort Profile Update: Cognition and dementia in the Health and Aging in Africa Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH community in South Africa (HAALSI dementia)	12
Characterizing the historical role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in hepatitis C virus transmission in Egypt	12
Evidence of large systematic differences between countries in assigning ischaemic heart disease deaths to myocardial infarction: the contrasting examples of Russia and Norway	12
Smoking and nasopharyngeal cancer: individual data meta-analysis of six prospective studies on 334 935 men	12
Cohort Profile: The COVID-19 in Pregnancy in Scotland (COPS) dynamic cohort of pregnant women to assess effects of viral and vaccine exposures on pregnancy	12