Theoretical and Applied Climatology

Article	Citations
Analysing the trend of rainfall in Asir region of Saudi Arabia using the family of Mann-Kendall tests, innovative trend analysis, and detrended fluctuation analysis	124
Heat waves: a hot topic in climate change research	79
Comparison of CMIP6 and CMIP5 model performance in simulating historical precipitation and temperature in Bangladesh: a preliminary study	74
Spatiotemporal trends in reference evapotranspiration and its driving factors in Bangladesh	70
Effect of the surface temperature of surface materials on thermal comfort: a case study of Iskenderun (Hatay, Turkey)	63
Innovative trend analysis of spatio-temporal variations of rainfall in India during 1901–2019	56
Spatiotemporal assessment of precipitation variability, seasonality, and extreme characteristics over a Himalayan catchment	55
Determining the relationships between climatic elements and thermal comfort and tourism activities using the tourism climate index for urban planning: a case study of Izmir Province	55
Performance evaluation of CMIP6 global climate models for selecting models for climate projection over Nigeria	55
Innovative and polygonal trend analyses applications for rainfall data in Vietnam	54
Deep learning–based downscaling of summer monsoon rainfall data over Indian region	47
Evaluation of energy extraction of PV systems affected by environmental factors under real outdoor conditions	45
Spatio-temporal characterization of rainfall in Bangladesh: an innovative trend and discrete wavelet transformation approaches	43
Applications of innovative polygonal trend analyses to precipitation series of Eastern Black Sea Basin, Turkey	41
Drought monitoring and evaluation using ESA CCI and GLDAS-Noah soil moisture datasets across China	39
Projection of future extreme precipitation in Iran based on CMIP6 multi-model ensemble	38
Spatio-temporal trends and variability of rainfall in Maharashtra, India: Analysis of 118 years	37
Impact of temperature on agricultural drought occurrence under the effects of climate change	37
El Niño and forecastability of oil-price realized volatility	36
Sunshine duration measurements and predictions in Saharan Algeria region: an improved ensemble learning approach	36
Future projection of precipitation and temperature changes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region based on CMIP6	35
Spatiotemporal change and attribution of potential evapotranspiration over China from 1901 to 2100	35
Analysis of the effects of meteorological parameters on radio refractivity, equivalent potential temperature and field strength via Mann-Kendall test	34
Estimation of daily evapotranspiration in Košice City (Slovakia) using several soft computing techniques	33
Comparison of spatial interpolation methods for estimating the precipitation distribution in Portugal	33

Simulation of rainfall-runoff process using an artificial neural network (ANN) and field plots data	32
Variation in physical characteristics of rainfall in Iran, determined using daily rainfall concentration index and monthly rainfall percentage index	30
Exploring extreme warm temperature trends in South Africa: 1960–2016	30
Climatic trends variability and concerning flow regime of Upper Indus Basin, Jehlum, and Kabul river basins Pakistan	30
Modeling reference evapotranspiration using a novel regression-based method: radial basis M5 model tree	29
Observed changes and trends in heatwave characteristics in Turkey since 1950	28
Modeling of stage-discharge using back propagation ANN-, ANFIS-, and WANN-based computing techniques	28
Trend analysis and change point determination for hydro-meteorological and groundwater data of Kizilirmak basin	28
Identifying the suitable habitats for Anatolian boxwood (Buxus sempervirens L.) for the future regarding the climate change	28
Analyzing the applicability of some precipitation concentration indices over Serbia	27
Climate of Iran according to Köppen-Geiger, Feddema, and UNEP climate classifications	27
Updating regionalization of precipitation in Ecuador	26
A study on skewness and kurtosis estimators of wind speed distribution under indeterminacy	26
Retrospection of heatwave and heat index	26
Urban flood vulnerability assessment in a densely urbanized city using multi-factor analysis and machine learning algorithms	26
Quantification of urban heat intensity with land use/land cover changes using Landsat satellite data over urban landscapes	25
Potential of hybrid wavelet-coupled data-driven-based algorithms for daily runoff prediction in complex river basins	25
Spatial diversity of air temperature changes in Poland in 1961–2018	25
Forecasting monthly fluctuations of lake surface areas using remote sensing techniques and novel machine learning methods	24
Trends of extreme air temperature and precipitation and their impact on corn and soybean yields in Nebraska, USA	24
Intraseasonal variability of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in CMIP6 models simulation	24
The development of evolutionary computing model for simulating reference evapotranspiration over Peninsular Malaysia	24
Revisiting the 1992 severe drought episode in South Africa: the role of El Niño in the anomalies of atmospheric circulation types in Africa south of the equator	24
Spatio-temporal variability of lightning climatology and its association with thunderstorm indices over India	23
Combination of data-driven models and best subset regression for predicting the standardized precipitation index (SPI) at the Upper Godavari Basin in India	23
Enhancing monthly lake levels forecasting using heuristic regression techniques with periodicity data component: application of Lake Michigan	23
A new evolutionary time series model for streamflow forecasting in boreal lake-river systems	22
Machine learning-based downscaling: application of multi-gene genetic programming for downscaling daily temperature at Dogonbadan, Iran, under CMIP6 scenarios	22
Assessing nonstationarity impacts for historical and projected extreme precipitation in Turkey	22
Impact of meteorological parameters on COVID-19 transmission in Bangladesh: a spatiotemporal approach	22
Bias correction method of high-resolution satellite-based precipitation product for Peninsular Malaysia	22
Spatiotemporal trends of temperature extremes in Bangladesh under changing climate using multi-statistical techniques	22
Global drought monitoring with drought severity index (DSI) using Google Earth Engine	22
A study on copula-based bivariate and trivariate drought assessment in Godavari River basin and the teleconnection of drought with large-scale climate indices	21
Effect of rare disaster risks on crude oil: evidence from El Niño from over 145 years of data	21
Changes in urbanization and urban heat island effect in Dhaka city	21
Recent changes in temperature and precipitation indices in the Southern Carpathians, Romania (1961–2018)	21
Evaluation and selection of CMIP6 climate models in Upper Awash Basin (UBA), Ethiopia	21
Evaluation of multivariate linear regression for reference evapotranspiration modeling in different climates of Iran	21
Assessment of drought events, their trend and teleconnection factors over Burundi, East Africa	21
An investigation of the short-term meteorological drought variability over Asir Region of Saudi Arabia	20
Modeling of pan evaporation based on the development of machine learning methods	20
Assessment of mapping of annual average rainfall in a tropical country like Bangladesh: remotely sensed output vs. kriging estimate	20
Groundwater level estimation in northern region of Bangladesh using hybrid locally weighted linear regression and Gaussian process regression modeling	20
Spatio-temporal variability and trend analysis of rainfall in Wainganga river basin, Central India, and forecasting using state-space models	20
Response of soil moisture and vegetation conditions in seasonal variation of land surface temperature and surface urban heat island intensity in sub-tropical semi-arid cities	20
Application of machine learning for solar radiation modeling	20
Development of a new wavelet-based hybrid model to forecast multi-scalar SPEI drought index (case study: Zanjan city, Iran)	20
Meteorological drought analysis with different indices for the Betwa River basin, India	20
Robust bias-correction of precipitation extremes using a novel hybrid empirical quantile-mapping method	19

Long-term regional changes in inter-annual precipitation variability in the Campania Region, Southern Italy	19
Assessing the responses of hydrological drought to meteorological drought in the Huai River Basin, China	19
Patterns of atmospheric circulation in Western Europe linked to heavy rainfall in Germany: preliminary analysis into the 2021 heavy rainfall episode	19
Changes of precipitation pattern in China: 1961–2010	19
Impact of climate change on the staple food crops yield in Ethiopia: implications for food security	19
Characterization of interannual and seasonal variability of hydro-climatic trends in the Upper Indus Basin	19
The application of piecewise ITA method in Oxford, 1870–2019	19
Anthropogenic climate change: the impact of the global carbon budget	19
Innovative and successive average trend analysis of temperature and precipitation in Osijek, Croatia	19
Investigating the relationship between land alteration and the urban heat island of Seville city using multi-temporal Landsat data	19
Investigating the effect of improved drought events extraction method on spatiotemporal characteristics of drought	19
Evaluation and comparison of CMIP6 and CMIP5 model performance in simulating the runoff	18
Spatiotemporal changes in rainfall and droughts of Bangladesh for1.5 and 2 °C temperature rise scenarios of CMIP6 models	18
Climate-induced rice yield anomalies linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation in Bangladesh using multi-statistical modeling	18
Drought analyses of Eastern Mediterranean, Seyhan, Ceyhan, and Asi Basins by using aggregate drought index (ADI)	18
Ranking of gridded precipitation datasets by merging compromise programming and global performance index: a case study of the Amu Darya basin	18
Spatial and temporal drought projections of northwestern Turkey	17
Recent changes in temperature extremes in subtropical climate region and the role of large-scale atmospheric oscillation patterns	17
Changes in extreme air temperatures in the mid-sized European city situated on southern base of a mountain (Zagreb, Croatia)	17
Spatiotemporal analysis of drought by CHIRPS precipitation estimates	17
A new regionalization of rainfall patterns based on wavelet transform information and hierarchical cluster analysis in northeastern Algeria	17
Urmia lake water depth modeling using extreme learning machine-improved grey wolf optimizer hybrid algorithm	17
Trend analysis of hydro-meteorological parameters in the Jhelum River basin, North Western Himalayas	17
Trend analysis and change point detection of annual and seasonal horizontal visibility trends in Saudi Arabia	17
Spatio-temporal analysis of dry and wet periods in Iran by using Global Precipitation Climatology Center-Drought Index (GPCC-DI)	17
Contributions of climate change and human activities to runoff and sediment discharge reductions in the Jialing River, a main tributary of the upper Yangtze River, China	17
Selection of the best probability models for daily annual maximum rainfalls in Egypt	17
Estimation of a trend of meteorological and hydrological drought over Qinhuai River Basin	16
Temperature and precipitation in the US states: long memory, persistence, and time trend	16
Projection of droughts in Amu river basin for shared socioeconomic pathways CMIP6	16
Climate change impact on the initial development of tropical forest species: a multi-model assessment	16
Spatiotemporal analysis of drought and rainfall in Pakistan via Standardized Precipitation Index: homogeneous regions, trend, wavelet, and influence of El Niño-southern oscillation	16
Comparison of precipitation projections of CMIP5 and CMIP6 global climate models over Yulin, China	16
Climate change perception in Romania	16
Spatio-temporal rainfall variability over different meteorological subdivisions in India: analysis using different machine learning techniques	16
An assessment of temperature simulations by CMIP6 climate models over the Tibetan Plateau and differences with CMIP5 climate models	15
Evaluation of the performance of bias-corrected CORDEX regional climate models in reproducing Baro–Akobo basin climate	15
Assessment of surface energy balance algorithm for land and operational simplified surface energy balance algorithm over freshwater and saline water bodies in Urmia Lake Basin	15
Multiple indices-based assessment of agricultural drought: A case study in Gilgel Gibe Sub-basin, Southern Ethiopia	15
Soybean yield prediction by machine learning and climate	15
Synergistic effects of climatic factors and drought on maize yield in the east of Northwest China against the background of climate change	15
Performance evaluation and bias correction of gridded precipitation products over Arun River Basin in Nepal for hydrological applications	15
Evaluation of events of extreme temperature change between neighboring days in CMIP6 models over China	15
Waterlogging risk assessment of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in the past 60 years	15
Spatiotemporal monitoring and change detection of vegetation cover for drought management in the Middle East	15
Distinct effects of winter monsoon and westerly circulation on dust aerosol transport over East Asia	15
Temperature and precipitation trend analysis of the Iraq Region under SRES scenarios during the twenty-first century	15
Annual and seasonal precipitation trends and their attributions in the Qinling Mountains, a climate transitional zone in China	15
Temporal flood forecasting for trans-boundary Jhelum River of Greater Himalayas	15
How do CMIP6 models project changes in precipitation extremes over seasons and locations across the mid hills of Nepal?	15
Spatiotemporal temperature trends over homogenous climatic regions of Pakistan during 1961–2017	14
Urbanization reduces frequency of light rain: an example from Beijing City	14
Calibration of empirical equations for estimating reference evapotranspiration in different climates of Iran	14
Optimal location of yield with the cheapest water footprint of the crop using multiple regression and artificial neural network models in GIS	14
Classic trend analysis methods’ paradoxical results and innovative trend analysis methodology with percentile ranges	14
Solving the pan evaporation process complexity using the development of multiple mode of neurocomputing models	14
Improving quantitative precipitation estimates by radar-rain gauge merging and an integration algorithm in the Yishu River catchment, China	14
Performance evaluation of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis blended with observation-based datasets for estimating reference evapotranspiration across Iran	14
Effect of climate zone change on energy consumption of office and residential buildings in China	14
Changes in monsoon precipitation patterns over Bangladesh and its teleconnections with global climate	14
Spatiotemporal characteristics and risk assessment of agricultural drought disasters during the winter wheat-growing season on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China	14
Periodicity in precipitation and temperature for monthly data of Turkey	14
A robust method to develop future rainfall IDF curves under climate change condition in two major basins of Iran	14
Assessing the cooling efficiency of urban parks using data envelopment analysis and remote sensing data	14
Trends, sensitivity and estimation of daily reference evapotranspiration ET0 using limited climate data: regional focus on Burkina Faso in the West African Sahel	14
On the use of an innovative trend analysis methodology for temporal trend identification in extreme rainfall indices over the Central Highlands, Vietnam	14
Comparison of SEBAL, METRIC, and ALARM algorithms for estimating actual evapotranspiration of wheat crop	14
Evaluation of FAO’s WaPOR product in estimating the reference evapotranspiration for stream flow modeling	14
Defining climate zone of Borneo based on cluster analysis	14
Long-term basin-scale comparison of two high-resolution satellite-based remote sensing datasets for assessing rainfall and erosivity in a basin in the Brazilian semiarid region	14
Performance of the FAO Penman-Monteith equation under limiting conditions and fourteen reference evapotranspiration models in southern Manitoba	14
The intraseasonal fluctuation of Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its relation with monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO) and Madden Julian oscillation (MJO)	13
Entropy analysis and pattern recognition in rainfall data, north Algeria	13
Identification of forest vulnerability to droughts in the Iberian Peninsula	13
Selection of CMIP6 GCM with projection of climate over the Amu Darya River Basin	13
Impact of future climate change on malaria in West Africa	13
Economic evaluation of the climate changes on food security in Iran: application of CGE model	13
Statistical analysis of long-term precipitation in the Maghreb reveals significant changes in timing and intensity	13
CO2 dynamics and heterogeneity in a cave atmosphere: role of ventilation patterns and airflow pathways	13
Different air temperature changes in continental and Mediterranean regions: a case study from two Croatian stations	13

Variability of climate-induced rice yields in northwest Bangladesh using multiple statistical modeling	13
Analysis of temporal and spatial variations of drought over Serbia by investigating the applicability of precipitation-based drought indices	13
Temperature and urban heat island effect in Lublin city in Poland under changing climate	13
Relationship of irrigated wheat yield with temperature in hot environments of Sudan	13
Wind energy potential assessment using Weibull distribution with various numerical estimation methods: a case study in Mersing and Port Dickson, Malaysia	13
Analysis, characterization, prediction, and attribution of extreme atmospheric events with machine learning and deep learning techniques: a review	13
Estimation of daily reference evapotranspiration with limited climatic data using machine learning approaches across different climate zones in New Mexico	13
Sensitivity of convective parameterization schemes in regional climate model: precipitation extremes over India	13
Estimation of Tasuj aquifer response to main meteorological parameter variations under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios	13
Pan evaporative changes in transboundary Godavari River basin, India	13
Actual evapotranspiration and crop coefficients for tropical lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in eastern India	12
Spatiotemporal analysis of the annual rainfall in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: predictions to 2030 with different confidence levels	12
The influence of soil moisture on convective activity: a review	12
Climate risks and socio-economic vulnerability in Tamil Nadu, India	12
A spatiotemporal analysis of extreme agrometeorological events during selected growth stages of maize (Zea mays L.) from 1960 to 2017 in Northeast China	12
Intercomparison and uncertainty assessment of methods for estimating evapotranspiration using a high-resolution gridded weather dataset over Brazil	12
Uncertainty of climate change impact on crop characteristics: a case study of Moghan plain in Iran	12
Applying urban climate model in prediction mode—evaluation of MUKLIMO_3 model performance for Austrian cities based on the summer period of 2019	12
Present-day climate and projected future temperature and precipitation changes in Ecuador	12
Analysis of the July 2021 extreme precipitation in Henan using the novel moisture budget equation	12
The long-term (142 years) spatiotemporal reconstruction and synoptic analysis of extreme low temperatures (− 15 °C or lower) in the northwest region of Iran	12
Weather and traffic accidents in the Czech Republic, 1979–2020	12
Observed changes in rainfall amount and extreme events in southeastern Ethiopia, 1955–2015	12
Evaluation of long-term monthly mean streamflow trend in the Mediterranean basins using different methods	12
Urban heat island dynamics in response to land use land cover change: a case of Jimma city, southwestern Ethiopia	12
Assessing changes in climate suitability and yields of maize and sorghum crops over Kenya in the twenty-first century	12
Evaluation of nine precipitation products with ground-based measurements during 2001 to 2013 in alpine Upper Reach of Shule River Basin, northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau	12
Spatio-temporal analysis of land surface temperature for identification of heat wave risk and vulnerability hotspots in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India	12
Strikingly contrasting Indian monsoon progressions during 2013 and 2014: role of Western Tibetan Plateau and the South China Sea	12
Spatial interpolation methods for estimating monthly rainfall distribution in Thailand	12
Spatial and temporal changes in vegetation and desertification (1982–2018) and their responses to climate change in the Ulan Buh Desert, Northwest China	12
Power law characteristics of trend analysis in Turkey	12
Spatial distribution of the trends in potential evapotranspiration and its influencing climatic factors in Iraq	11
Developing an urban runoff management model by using satellite precipitation datasets to allocate low impact development systems under climate change conditions	11
Relative performance of CMIP5 and CMIP6 models in simulating rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia	11
Surface-based nocturnal air temperature inversions in southern Poland and their influence on PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Upper Silesia	11
Variability of precipitation extremes and drought intensity over the Sikkim State, India, during 1950–2018	11
Process-based indicators for timely identification of apricot frost disaster on the warm temperate zone, China	11
The influence of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of dry and wet periods in Central Poland in 1954–2018	11
Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitation and temperature concentration using PCI and TCI: a case study of Khuzestan Province, Iran	11
Distribution of hazard and risk caused by agricultural drought and flood and their correlations in summer monsoon–affected areas of China	11
Recent rainfall variability over Rajasthan, India	11
Copula-based bivariate drought severity and duration frequency analysis considering spatial–temporal variability in the Ceyhan Basin, Turkey	11
Validating CHIRPS ability to estimate rainfall amount and detect rainfall occurrences in the Philippines	11
Testing the accuracy of high-resolution satellite-based and numerical model output precipitation products over Ethiopia	11
Determination of rainy season onset and cessation based on a flexible driest period	11
A RCM investigation of the influence of vegetation status and runoff scheme on the summer gross primary production of Tropical Africa	11
Spatiotemporal analysis of air temperature indices, aridity conditions, and precipitation in Iran	11
The role of spatial displacement of Arabian subtropical high pressure in the annual displacement of the ITCZ in East Africa	11
Modeling of meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological droughts in semi-arid environments with various machine learning and discrete wavelet transform	11
Regional and altitudinal aspects in summer heatwave intensification in the Western Carpathians	11
Appraising the historical and projected spatiotemporal changes in the heat index in Bangladesh	11
The influence of cloudiness and atmospheric circulation on radiation balance and its components	11
New climatic zones in Iran: a comparative study of different empirical methods and clustering technique	11
Selection of the best fit probability distributions for temperature data and the use of L-moment ratio diagram method: a case study for NSW in Australia	11
Analysing the spatiotemporal characteristics of climate comfort in China based on 2005–2018 MODIS data	10
Temporal correction of irregular observed intervals of groundwater level series using interpolation techniques	10
Analysis of two-decade meteorological and air quality trends in Rome (Italy)	10
Assessment of heat stress and cloudiness probabilities in post-flowering of spring wheat and canola in the Southern Cone of South America	10
Changes and variability in rainfall onset, cessation, and length of rainy season in the IGAD region of Eastern Africa	10
Spatio-temporal calibration of Hargreaves–Samani model in the Northern Region of Nigeria	10
Assessment of the responses of spatiotemporal vegetation changes to climatic variability in Bangladesh	10
Changes in the characteristics of ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ Red Sea Trough over the Eastern Mediterranean in CMIP5 climate projections	10
Effect of large-scale oceanic and atmospheric processes on the Indian summer monsoon	10
Spatio-temporal variations of rainfall using innovative trend analysis during 1951–2021 in Punjab State, India	10
Precipitation patterns over northern Brazil basins: climatology, trends, and associated mechanisms	10
Spatial-temporal distribution of climate suitability of winter wheat in North China Plain for current and future climate scenarios	10
Water population density: Global and regional analysis	10
Spatial landslide susceptibility mapping using integrating an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) with two multi-criteria decision-making approaches	10
Hydrological drought analysis of Yeşilırmak Basin of Turkey by streamflow drought index (SDI) and innovative trend analysis (ITA)	10
Spatio-temporal trend mapping of precipitation and its extremes across Afghanistan (1951–2010)	10
Effect of climate change on potential distribution of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) in the twenty-first century in Turkey	10
Climate change impacts on rainfed and irrigated soybean yield in Brazil’s new agricultural frontier	10
Observed trends and coherent changes in daily rainfall extremes over Greater Mumbai, 1985–2020	10
Agro-climatic conditions of the Southern Federal District of Russia in the context of climate change	10
CMIP5 model performance of significant wave heights over the Indian Ocean using COWCLIP datasets	10
Evaluation of gridded meteorological datasets and their potential hydrological application to a humid area with scarce data for Pirapama River basin, northeastern Brazil	10
Meteorological drought analysis using copula theory for the case of upper Tekeze river basin, Northern Ethiopia	10
Effects of climate change on bioclimatic indices in vineyards along Lake Neuchatel, Switzerland	10
Bias-corrected CMIP6 climate model projection over Southeast Asia	10
Groundwater level fluctuations and associated influencing factors in Rangpur District, Bangladesh, using modified Mann-Kendall and GIS-based AHP technique	10
Spatial variations of extreme precipitation events and attribution analysis in the main water resource area of the Belt and Road Initiative	10
Assessing the impact of climate change on urban water demand and related uncertainties: a case study of Neyshabur, Iran	10
Ground validation of GPM Day-1 IMERG and TMPA Version-7 products over different rainfall regimes in India	10
Analyzing the trend and change point in various meteorological variables in Bursa with various statistical and graphical methods	10
Future projection of extreme precipitation within CORDEX East Asia phase II: multi-model ensemble	10
Response of surface runoff to land use and land cover change and its impact on Daihai Lake shrinkage in Inner Mongolia, China	10
High-resolution spatiotemporal variability of heat wave impacts quantified by thermal indices	9
Changing characteristics of meteorological drought and its impact on monsoon-rice production in sub-humid red and laterite zone of West Bengal, India	9
Assessment of extremely severe cyclonic storms over Bay of Bengal and performance evaluation of ARW model in the prediction of track and intensity	9
Seasonal variation of mountain-valley wind circulation and surface layer parameters over the mountainous terrain of the northeastern region of India	9
Climatology of Arctic temperature inversions in current and future climates	9
Rainfall regime trends at annual and monthly scales in Catalonia (NE Spain) and indications of CO2 emissions effects	9
Impact of potential and actual evapotranspiration on drought phenomena over water and energy-limited regions	9
Changes in snow cover occurrence and the atmospheric circulation impact in Poznań (Poland)	9