Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

Article	Citations
Tomato plant disease detection using transfer learning with C-GAN synthetic images	320
Using channel pruning-based YOLO v4 deep learning algorithm for the real-time and accurate detection of apple flowers in natural environments	309
Introducing digital twins to agriculture	277
A survey of deep learning techniques for weed detection from images	260
Drones in agriculture: A review and bibliometric analysis	223
Image recognition of four rice leaf diseases based on deep learning and support vector machine	220
A survey on the 5G network and its impact on agriculture: Challenges and opportunities	211
Integrating blockchain and the internet of things in precision agriculture: Analysis, opportunities, and challenges	207
Towards leveraging the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in precision agriculture and smart farming	197
A review on plant high-throughput phenotyping traits using UAV-based sensors	190
An improved YOLOv5 model based on visual attention mechanism: Application to recognition of tomato virus disease	175
A survey of public datasets for computer vision tasks in precision agriculture	171
Real-time detection of uneaten feed pellets in underwater images for aquaculture using an improved YOLO-V4 network	155
Detection and classification of soybean pests using deep learning with UAV images	146
Do we really need deep CNN for plant diseases identification?	145
Plant diseases recognition on images using convolutional neural networks: A systematic review	142
A random forest ranking approach to predict yield in maize with uav-based vegetation spectral indices	141
A cucumber leaf disease severity classification method based on the fusion of DeepLabV3+ and U-Net	137
A systematic literature review on the use of machine learning in precision livestock farming	136
An overview of agriculture 4.0 development: Systematic review of descriptions, technologies, barriers, advantages, and disadvantages	128
Review of the internet of things communication technologies in smart agriculture and challenges	119
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) for image augmentation in agriculture: A systematic review	118
Recognition of rice leaf diseases and wheat leaf diseases based on multi-task deep transfer learning	118
Grape disease image classification based on lightweight convolution neural networks and channelwise attention	112
Identification of tomato leaf diseases based on combination of ABCK-BWTR and B-ARNet	112

Assessment for crop water stress with infrared thermal imagery in precision agriculture: A review and future prospects for deep learning applications	112
Disease detection in tomato leaves via CNN with lightweight architectures implemented in Raspberry Pi 4	111
Crop pest classification with a genetic algorithm-based weighted ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks	111
A comprehensive review on recent applications of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing with various sensors for high-throughput plant phenotyping	111
Real-time growth stage detection model for high degree of occultation using DenseNet-fused YOLOv4	106
A deep learning approach combining instance and semantic segmentation to identify diseases and pests of coffee leaves from in-field images	104
Real-time detection and tracking of fish abnormal behavior based on improved YOLOV5 and SiamRPN++	104
Meta-learning baselines and database for few-shot classification in agriculture	104
3D global mapping of large-scale unstructured orchard integrating eye-in-hand stereo vision and SLAM	103
Multi-stream hybrid architecture based on cross-level fusion strategy for fine-grained crop species recognition in precision agriculture	102
Applications of IoT for optimized greenhouse environment and resources management	100
Sequential forward selection and support vector regression in comparison to LASSO regression for spring wheat yield prediction based on UAV imagery	99
Applications of machine vision in agricultural robot navigation: A review	98
UAV-based chlorophyll content estimation by evaluating vegetation index responses under different crop coverages	98
Behaviour recognition of pigs and cattle: Journey from computer vision to deep learning	97
A deep learning approach for RGB image-based powdery mildew disease detection on strawberry leaves	96
Classification of rice varieties with deep learning methods	94
Corn cash price forecasting with neural networks	94
Vision-based navigation and guidance for agricultural autonomous vehicles and robots: A review	94
Detecting soybean leaf disease from synthetic image using multi-feature fusion faster R-CNN	92
A deep learning approach incorporating YOLO v5 and attention mechanisms for field real-time detection of the invasive weed Solanum rostratum Dunal seedlings	92
Multi-step ahead forecasting of daily reference evapotranspiration using deep learning	90
Evaluation of stacking and blending ensemble learning methods for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration	89
Lightweight convolutional neural network model for field wheat ear disease identification	88
Deep diagnosis: A real-time apple leaf disease detection system based on deep learning	88
MEAN-SSD: A novel real-time detector for apple leaf diseases using improved light-weight convolutional neural networks	87
Detection and classification of tea buds based on deep learning	86
Collision-free path planning for a guava-harvesting robot based on recurrent deep reinforcement learning	86
Performance of deep learning models for classifying and detecting common weeds in corn and soybean production systems	85
Technological revolutions in smart farming: Current trends, challenges & future directions	85
Real-time defects detection for apple sorting using NIR cameras with pruning-based YOLOV4 network	85
Intelligent perception for cattle monitoring: A review for cattle identification, body condition score evaluation, and weight estimation	85
RIC-Net: A plant disease classification model based on the fusion of Inception and residual structure and embedded attention mechanism	84
Strengthening consumer trust in beef supply chain traceability with a blockchain-based human-machine reconcile mechanism	84
RS-DCNN: A novel distributed convolutional-neural-networks based-approach for big remote-sensing image classification	84
Tomato leaf segmentation algorithms for mobile phone applications using deep learning	84
Predicting livestock behaviour using accelerometers: A systematic review of processing techniques for ruminant behaviour prediction from raw accelerometer data	81
Pose estimation and behavior classification of broiler chickens based on deep neural networks	81
Support Vector Machine in Precision Agriculture: A review	81
Retinex-inspired color correction and detail preserved fusion for underwater image enhancement	80
YOLOWeeds: A novel benchmark of YOLO object detectors for multi-class weed detection in cotton production systems	79
Citrus pests classification using an ensemble of deep learning models	78
Field detection of tiny pests from sticky trap images using deep learning in agricultural greenhouse	78
Fruit detection and load estimation of an orange orchard using the YOLO models through simple approaches in different imaging and illumination conditions	76
Close-range hyperspectral imaging of whole plants for digital phenotyping: Recent applications and illumination correction approaches	76
Estimation of corn yield based on hyperspectral imagery and convolutional neural network	76
A high-precision detection method of hydroponic lettuce seedlings status based on improved Faster RCNN	75
Fusion of Mask RCNN and attention mechanism for instance segmentation of apples under complex background	75
A new attention-based CNN approach for crop mapping using time series Sentinel-2 images	75
A detection and severity estimation system for generic diseases of tomato greenhouse plants	74

Forest inventory with high-density UAV-Lidar: Machine learning approaches for predicting individual tree attributes	74
A modified U-Net with a specific data argumentation method for semantic segmentation of weed images in the field	74
A DNN-based semantic segmentation for detecting weed and crop	73
Rachis detection and three-dimensional localization of cut off point for vision-based banana robot	73
Real-time strawberry detection using deep neural networks on embedded system (rtsd-net): An edge AI application	72
Advances in gas sensors and electronic nose technologies for agricultural cycle applications	72
Optimal smart contract for autonomous greenhouse environment based on IoT blockchain network in agriculture	72
A novel apple fruit detection and counting methodology based on deep learning and trunk tracking in modern orchard	72
Identifying sunflower lodging based on image fusion and deep semantic segmentation with UAV remote sensing imaging	72
Improving estimation of LAI dynamic by fusion of morphological and vegetation indices based on UAV imagery	71
Disease and pest infection detection in coconut tree through deep learning techniques	70
Assessment of state-of-the-art deep learning based citrus disease detection techniques using annotated optical leaf images	70
Estimating reference evapotranspiration using hybrid adaptive fuzzy inferencing coupled with heuristic algorithms	70
Remote-sensing estimation of potato above-ground biomass based on spectral and spatial features extracted from high-definition digital camera images	69
Wild blueberry yield prediction using a combination of computer simulation and machine learning algorithms	69
A computer vision approach based on deep learning for the detection of dairy cows in free stall barn	69
A novel green apple segmentation algorithm based on ensemble U-Net under complex orchard environment	68
Combining texture, color, and vegetation indices from fixed-wing UAS imagery to estimate wheat growth parameters using multivariate regression methods	67
Leaf image based plant disease identification using transfer learning and feature fusion	66
Fast and accurate green pepper detection in complex backgrounds via an improved Yolov4-tiny model	66
Stereo-vision-based crop height estimation for agricultural robots	66
Analysis of the spatial variations of determinants of agricultural production efficiency in China	65
Deep neural network based date palm tree detection in drone imagery	65
Cost-effective IoT devices as trustworthy data sources for a blockchain-based water management system in precision agriculture	65
Data augmentation for deep learning based semantic segmentation and crop-weed classification in agricultural robotics	64
Accurate body measurement of live cattle using three depth cameras and non-rigid 3-D shape recovery	64
Viable smart sensors and their application in data driven agriculture	63
Performance evaluation of deep transfer learning on multi-class identification of common weed species in cotton production systems	63
Application of deep convolutional neural networks for the detection of anthracnose in olives using VIS/NIR hyperspectral images	63
Soil exchangeable cations estimation using Vis-NIR spectroscopy in different depths: Effects of multiple calibration models and spiking	63
Estimating leaf chlorophyll content of crops via optimal unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral data at multi-scales	63
Digital Twins in greenhouse horticulture: A review	63
Estimation of nitrogen nutrition index in rice from UAV RGB images coupled with machine learning algorithms	62
A novel deep learning based approach for seed image classification and retrieval	62
Improved multi-classes kiwifruit detection in orchard to avoid collisions during robotic picking	61
Using NDVI for the assessment of canopy cover in agricultural crops within modelling research	61
Early detection of grapevine leafroll disease in a red-berried wine grape cultivar using hyperspectral imaging	60
A nutrient recommendation system for soil fertilization based on evolutionary computation	60
Comparison of wavelet and empirical mode decomposition hybrid models in drought prediction	60
Detection of tomato plant phenotyping traits using YOLOv5-based single stage detectors	60
S-RPN: Sampling-balanced region proposal network for small crop pest detection	59
Data augmentation for automated pest classification in Mango farms	59
Fruit yield prediction and estimation in orchards: A state-of-the-art comprehensive review for both direct and indirect methods	59
Computer vision-based high-quality tea automatic plucking robot using Delta parallel manipulator	59
Lightweight tomato real-time detection method based on improved YOLO and mobile deployment	59
A fast and accurate deep learning method for strawberry instance segmentation	59
Canopy-attention-YOLOv4-based immature/mature apple fruit detection on dense-foliage tree architectures for early crop load estimation	58
Real-time recognition system of soybean seed full-surface defects based on deep learning	58
Classification of Lingwu long jujube internal bruise over time based on visible near-infrared hyperspectral imaging combined with partial least squares-discriminant analysis	58
Geometry-aware fruit grasping estimation for robotic harvesting in apple orchards	58
Three-dimensional reconstruction of guava fruits and branches using instance segmentation and geometry analysis	58
Visual identification of individual Holstein-Friesian cattle via deep metric learning	58
Real-time detection of kiwifruit flower and bud simultaneously in orchard using YOLOv4 for robotic pollination	57
Detection and counting of banana bunches by integrating deep learning and classic image-processing algorithms	57
Lightweight dense-scale network (LDSNet) for corn leaf disease identification	57
Evaluation on risks of sustainable supply chain based on optimized BP neural networks in fresh grape industry	57
LiDAR applications in precision agriculture for cultivating crops: A review of recent advances	57
Modified U-Net for plant diseased leaf image segmentation	57
Apple, peach, and pear flower detection using semantic segmentation network and shape constraint level set	57
Navigation path extraction for greenhouse cucumber-picking robots using the prediction-point Hough transform	57
Early detection of freezing damage in oranges by online Vis/NIR transmission coupled with diameter correction method and deep 1D-CNN	57
Application of wireless sensor networks in the field of irrigation: A review	57
Automatic detection and severity analysis of grape black measles disease based on deep learning and fuzzy logic	57
A systematic literature review on deep learning applications for precision cattle farming	56
LDS-YOLO: A lightweight small object detection method for dead trees from shelter forest	55
Using a depth camera for crop row detection and mapping for under-canopy navigation of agricultural robotic vehicle	55
Automatic organ-level point cloud segmentation of maize shoots by integrating high-throughput data acquisition and deep learning	55
Adaptive autonomous UAV scouting for rice lodging assessment using edge computing with deep learning EDANet	55
Common pests image recognition based on deep convolutional neural network	55
Applications of deep learning in precision weed management: A review	55
Complete and accurate holly fruits counting using YOLOX object detection	54
Deep learning-based crop mapping in the cloudy season using one-shot hyperspectral satellite imagery	54
Key technologies of machine vision for weeding robots: A review and benchmark	54
GoogLeNet based on residual network and attention mechanism identification of rice leaf diseases	54
Predicting the contents of soil salt and major water-soluble ions with fractional-order derivative spectral indices and variable selection	54
A system for automatic rice disease detection from rice paddy images serviced via a Chatbot	54
Rice nitrogen nutrition estimation with RGB images and machine learning methods	54
Improved crop row detection with deep neural network for early-season maize stand count in UAV imagery	53
Weed detection in sesame fields using a YOLO model with an enhanced attention mechanism and feature fusion	53
Automatic recognition of dairy cow mastitis from thermal images by a deep learning detector	53

Transfer learning and SE-ResNet152 networks-based for small-scale unbalanced fish species identification	53
Automatic extraction of wheat lodging area based on transfer learning method and deeplabv3+ network	52
A lightweight dead fish detection method based on deformable convolution and YOLOV4	52
Cow identification in free-stall barns based on an improved Mask R-CNN and an SVM	52
CattleFaceNet: A cattle face identification approach based on RetinaFace and ArcFace loss	52
Identification method of vegetable diseases based on transfer learning and attention mechanism	52
Detection of impurities in wheat using terahertz spectral imaging and convolutional neural networks	52
A dual attention network based on efficientNet-B2 for short-term fish school feeding behavior analysis in aquaculture	51
DSE-YOLO: Detail semantics enhancement YOLO for multi-stage strawberry detection	51
Practical cucumber leaf disease recognition using improved Swin Transformer and small sample size	51
A high-precision forest fire smoke detection approach based on ARGNet	51
Real-time kiwifruit detection in orchard using deep learning on Android™ smartphones for yield estimation	51
FormerLeaf: An efficient vision transformer for Cassava Leaf Disease detection	51
Crop height estimation based on UAV images: Methods, errors, and strategies	51
An innovative IoT based system for precision farming	51
Dual-branch, efficient, channel attention-based crop disease identification	49
A method combining FTIR-ATR and Raman spectroscopy to determine soil organic matter: Improvement of prediction accuracy using competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS)	49
Using a CNN-LSTM for basic behaviors detection of a single dairy cow in a complex environment	49
Automatic identification of diseases in grains crops through computational approaches: A review	49
Identification of maize leaves infected by fall armyworms using UAV-based imagery and convolutional neural networks	49
Lightweight detection networks for tea bud on complex agricultural environment via improved YOLO v4	49
Automatic fish counting method using image density grading and local regression	49
A comprehensive review of remote sensing platforms, sensors, and applications in nut crops	49
Modelling and simulation of the grain threshing process based on the discrete element method	49
Automated grapevine flower detection and quantification method based on computer vision and deep learning from on-the-go imaging using a mobile sensing platform under field conditions	49
T-CNN: Trilinear convolutional neural networks model for visual detection of plant diseases	48
Accurate prediction of soluble solid content in dried Hami jujube using SWIR hyperspectral imaging with comparative analysis of models	48
Semantic segmentation model of cotton roots in-situ image based on attention mechanism	48
Improving wheat yield prediction integrating proximal sensing and weather data with machine learning	48
Maize and soybean heights estimation from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) LiDAR data	48
Hyperspectral imaging techniques for rapid detection of nutrient content of hydroponically grown lettuce cultivars	48
Semantic segmentation for partially occluded apple trees based on deep learning	48
Deformable convolution and coordinate attention for fast cattle detection	48
In-field apple size estimation using photogrammetry-derived 3D point clouds: Comparison of 4 different methods considering fruit occlusions	48
Developing machine learning models with multi-source environmental data to predict wheat yield in China	47
Microwave vacuum drying of dragon fruit slice: Artificial neural network modelling, genetic algorithm optimization, and kinetics study	47
Foliar deposition and coverage on young apple trees with PWM-controlled spray systems	47
Data-driven decision support in livestock farming for improved animal health, welfare and greenhouse gas emissions: Overview and challenges	47
How many gigabytes per hectare are available in the digital agriculture era? A digitization footprint estimation	47
The role of cross-silo federated learning in facilitating data sharing in the agri-food sector	47
Computer vision and machine learning applied in the mushroom industry: A critical review	47
A deep learning approach for anthracnose infected trees classification in walnut orchards	47
Estimation of water content in corn leaves using hyperspectral data based on fractional order Savitzky-Golay derivation coupled with wavelength selection	46
Beemon: An IoT-based beehive monitoring system	46
Recognition of carrot appearance quality based on deep feature and support vector machine	46
Evaluating the sensitivity of water stressed maize chlorophyll and structure based on UAV derived vegetation indices	46
Forecasting weekly reference evapotranspiration using Auto Encoder Decoder Bidirectional LSTM model hybridized with a Boruta-CatBoost input optimizer	46
An improved YOLOv5-based vegetable disease detection method	46
Detection and discrimination of disease and insect stress of tea plants using hyperspectral imaging combined with wavelet analysis	46
Multiple disease detection method for greenhouse-cultivated strawberry based on multiscale feature fusion Faster R_CNN	46
Tomato cluster detection and counting using improved YOLOv5 based on RGB-D fusion	45
Integration of RGB-based vegetation index, crop surface model and object-based image analysis approach for sugarcane yield estimation using unmanned aerial vehicle	45
Deep CNN-based damage classification of milled rice grains using a high-magnification image dataset	45
Electronic noses based on metal oxide semiconductor sensors for detecting crop diseases and insect pests	45
Development and evaluation of a pneumatic finger-like end-effector for cherry tomato harvesting robot in greenhouse	45
Assessment of land suitability for maize (Zea mays L) in semi-arid ecosystem of southern India using integrated AHP and GIS approach	45
Color index based thresholding method for background and foreground segmentation of plant images	45
Monitoring of peanut leaves chlorophyll content based on drone-based multispectral image feature extraction	45
Real-time goat face recognition using convolutional neural network	45
Medial axis-based machine-vision system for orchard robot navigation	44
Technological advancements towards developing a robotic pruner for apple trees: A review	44
Segmentation of abnormal leaves of hydroponic lettuce based on DeepLabV3+ for robotic sorting	44
Wheat sustainable supply chain network design with forecasted demand by simulation	44
Weed detection in paddy field using an improved RetinaNet network	44
Pose estimation and adaptable grasp configuration with point cloud registration and geometry understanding for fruit grasp planning	44
Assessment of potato late blight from UAV-based multispectral imagery	44
Early identification of strawberry leaves disease utilizing hyperspectral imaging combing with spectral features, multiple vegetation indices and textural features	44
Extreme Gradient Boosting for yield estimation compared with Deep Learning approaches	43
Unmanned aerial vehicle-based field phenotyping of crop biomass using growth traits retrieved from PROSAIL model	43
Development and evaluation of a robust soft robotic gripper for apple harvesting	43
Detection, classification, and mapping of coffee fruits during harvest with computer vision	43
Toward an intelligent and efficient beehive: A survey of precision beekeeping systems and services	43
Pose estimation-based lameness recognition in broiler using CNN-LSTM network	43
Vision systems for harvesting robots: Produce detection and localization	43
In-field tea shoot detection and 3D localization using an RGB-D camera	43
Towards automated greenhouse: A state of the art review on greenhouse monitoring methods and technologies based on internet of things	43
Detection of avian influenza-infected chickens based on a chicken sound convolutional neural network	42
Land suitability determination for citrus cultivation using a GIS-based multi-criteria analysis in Mersin, Turkey	42
Lightweight target detection for the field flat jujube based on improved YOLOv5	42
DEM simulation for draft force prediction of moldboard plow according to the tillage depth in cohesive soil	42
Optimised ANN and SVR models for online prediction of moisture content and temperature of lentil seeds in a microwave fluidised bed dryer	42
A fast and lightweight detection algorithm for passion fruit pests based on improved YOLOv5	41
A diverse ensemble classifier for tomato disease recognition	41
A state-of-the-art survey on recommendation system and prospective extensions	41
Swarm robots in mechanized agricultural operations: A review about challenges for research	41
A YOLOv3-based computer vision system for identification of tea buds and the picking point	41
UAV-based high-throughput phenotyping to increase prediction and selection accuracy in maize varieties under artificial MSV inoculation	41
Detecting coffee leaf rust with UAV-based vegetation indices and decision tree machine learning models	41
Path planning for mobile robots in unstructured orchard environments: An improved kinematically constrained bi-directional RRT approach	41
Object detection in agricultural contexts: A multiple resolution benchmark and comparison to human	41
Collision-free motion planning for the litchi-picking robot	41
Neural network soil moisture model for irrigation scheduling	41
Ten years of corn yield dynamics at field scale under digital agriculture solutions: A case study from North Italy	41
Short term soil moisture forecasts for potato crop farming: A machine learning approach	41
Cattle body detection based on YOLOv5-ASFF for precision livestock farming	41